Plant and Cell Physiology最新文献

{"title":"Mitochondrial Proteases and Their Roles in Mitophagy in Plants, Animals, and Yeast.","authors":"Kacper Ludwig, Małgorzata Heidorn-Czarna","doi":"10.1093/pcp/pcaf038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcaf038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mitochondria play a central role in cellular respiration and other essential metabolic and signaling pathways. To function properly, mitochondria require the maintenance of proteostasis-a balance between protein synthesis and degradation. This balance is achieved through the mitochondrial protein quality control (mtPQC) system, which includes mitochondrial proteases and mitophagy. Mitochondrial proteases ensure proper protein sorting within the mitochondria and maintain proteome homeostasis by degrading unassembled, damaged, or short-lived regulatory proteins. Numerous studies have demonstrated the critical role of mitochondrial proteases in regulating mitophagy-the selective degradation of damaged, aging, or excess mitochondria or their fragments via autophagy. Notably, the rhomboid PARL protease is involved in ubiquitin-dependent PINK1-Parkin mitophagy in mammals while the i-AAA protease Yme1 plays a role in mitophagy in budding yeast. Despite the conservation of core autophagy genes, knowledge about the molecular mechanisms and protein regulators of mitophagy in plants remains limited. In this review, we discuss recent advances in understanding the roles of mitochondrial proteases and mitophagy across plants, animals, and yeast. By comparing these mechanisms across kingdoms, we highlight the potential regulatory function of the plant i-AAA mitochondrial protease in controlling mitophagy, providing new insights into mitochondrial protein quality control networks in plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":20575,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Cell Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143978754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editing multiple genes in Physalis pubescens provides valuable lessons and implications for creating new germplasm and varieties of Physalis crops.","authors":"Qianqian Liu, Lanfeng Wu, Peng Liu, Chaoying He","doi":"10.1093/pcp/pcaf036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcaf036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Physalis pubescens, as a staple horticultural crop of Physalis in China, has shortcomings of single variety, low yield, and unique fruit shape and color. In attempt to overcome these disadvantages, we employed gene editing technology in the main cultivar 'Jinhuang 1' ('JH1') of P. pubescens to reprogram the related traits. Six orthologous genes related to tomato domestication and improvement, which include fruit shape gene OVATE, inflorescence branching gene COMPOUND INFLORESCENCE (S), fruit color gene LYCOPENE BETA CYCLASE (LCY1), and fruit size regulating genes CLAVATA3 (CLV3), FRUIT WEIGHT2.2 (FW2.2), and EXCESSIVE NUMBER OF FLORAL ORGANS (ENO), were identified and edited in 'JH1'. Phenotypic variations observed in ovate, s, and clv3 of P. pubescens were mainly consistent with those found in tomato mutants, whereas phenotypic variations exhibited by lcy1, eno, and fw2.2 mutants in 'JH1' were significantly different from these observed in the corresponding tomato mutants. Moreover, most of these gene edited mutants showed inferiority to 'JH1'. Our results mainly revealed that functions of the orthologous genes among close relatives may significantly diverge and that pure gene-editing for loss-of-function mutation is insufficient to yield elite varieties for P. pubescens, thus offering valuable lessons and insights for genetic and germplasm improvement of Physalis crops.</p>","PeriodicalId":20575,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Cell Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143773217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To Be Prominent: Epigenetic Regulation of Awn Development in Barley.","authors":"Xiujuan Yang","doi":"10.1093/pcp/pcaf037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcaf037","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20575,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Cell Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143773226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Evolutionary Journey of the Sterol Synthesis Pathways in Eukaryotes.","authors":"Mar Ferreira-Guerra, Veredas Coleto-Alcudia, Santiago Mora-García, Ana I Caño-Delgado","doi":"10.1093/pcp/pcaf016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcaf016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sterols play key roles in eukaryotic cell membrane stability and dynamics, as signaling molecules, and as precursors in sterol-based metabolic pathways, including the production of steroid hormones. The sterol biosynthetic pathway, based on a common set of core reactions, has been subject to intense diversification in each major eukaryotic clade. As a result, these organisms display a bewildering panoply of sterol-derived compounds that correlate with their multiple lifestyles and adaptations. In this work, we provide new insights on sterol synthesis evolution and diversification in extant eukaryotes, with a special focus on algae and plants. In particular, we provide detailed information on the sterol synthesis pathway in bryophytes. A comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of bryophyte sterol biosynthetic enzymes suggests that duplications and divergence of the final enzymes of the canonical sterol pathway are taking place in this group.</p>","PeriodicalId":20575,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Cell Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143780958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecology and evolution: genetic and molecular dynamics of plants in nature.","authors":"Takashi Tsuchimatsu, Eriko Sasaki, Yasuhiro Sato, Vincent Castric","doi":"10.1093/pcp/pcaf035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcaf035","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20575,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Cell Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143773214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Evolutionary Journey of the Sterol Synthesis Pathways in EukaryotesEvolution of sterol synthesis in eukaryotes.","authors":"Mar Ferreira-Guerra, Veredas Coleto-Alcudia, Santiago Mora-García, Ana I Caño-Delgado","doi":"10.1093/pcp/pcaf016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcaf016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sterols play key roles in eukaryotic cell membrane stability and dynamics, as signaling molecules, and as precursors in sterol-based metabolic pathways, including the production of steroid hormones. The sterol biosynthetic pathway, based on a common set of core reactions, has been subject to intense diversification in each major eukaryotic clade. As a result, these organisms display a bewildering panoply of sterol-derived compounds that correlate with their multiple lifestyles and adaptations. In this work, we provide new insights on sterol synthesis evolution and diversification in extant eukaryotes, with a special focus on algae and plants. In particular, we provide detailed information on the sterol synthesis pathway in bryophytes. A comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of bryophyte sterol biosynthetic enzymes suggests that duplications and divergence of the final enzymes of the canonical sterol pathway are taking place in this group.</p>","PeriodicalId":20575,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Cell Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143773222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Juvenile-to-adult phase transition in a common wheat cultivar Norin 61, and accompanying changes in leaf transcriptome.","authors":"Kanata Senoo, Shunsuke Yoshioka, Koichi Yamamori, Shuhei Nasuda, Takanori Yoshikawa","doi":"10.1093/pcp/pcaf034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcaf034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Higher plants experience morphological and physiological changes during the vegetative stage called juvenile-to-adult (JA) phase transition. Despite the advanced studies in Arabidopsis, maize, and rice, the JA phase transition remains unexplored in wheat. This study aimed to elucidate when and how the transition occurs in wheat by investigating the temporal changes in leaf morphology, expression of its regulators, transcriptome, and photosynthetic activity in the common wheat cultivar Norin 61. As a result, leaf blade size, leaf tip shape, and trichome density on leaf blades exhibited major changes from the first to second leaf stages. The expression level of microRNA 156, a regulator of JA phase transition in plants, was the highest in the first leaf stage and decreased following the plant growth, whereas that of its targets, SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-like (SPL) genes, increased. Additionally, transcriptome profiles dramatically changed from the second to third leaf stages and from the fourth to fifth leaf stages, which could be characterized by the change in activity of photoreactions, material transport, and phytohormone signaling. Unlike rice, wheat showed high photosynthetic rates per unit area even in the first leaf, which may be a unique and noteworthy characteristic in wheat. Taken together, we conclude that wheat initiates the JA phase transition after the first leaf stage and reaches the adult phase before the fourth leaf stage; it subsequently enters the reproductive stage. The present study will provide a foundation for advanced studies on wheat JA phase transition.</p>","PeriodicalId":20575,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Cell Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144005271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Omics-based identification of the broader effects of 2-hydroxyisoflavanone synthase gene editing on a gene regulatory network beyond isoflavonoid loss in soybean hairy roots.","authors":"Kai Uchida, Yushiro Fuji, Hiromitsu Tabeta, Tomoyoshi Akashi, Masami Yokota Hirai","doi":"10.1093/pcp/pcae151","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pcp/pcae151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soybean (Glycine max) is a leguminous crop cultivated worldwide that accumulates high levels of isoflavones. Although previous research has often focused on increasing the soybean isoflavone content because of the estrogen-like activity of dietary soy in humans, the rapidly increasing demand for soybean as a plant-based meat substitute has raised concerns about excessive isoflavone intake. Therefore, the production of isoflavone-free soybean has been anticipated. However, there have been no reports of an isoflavone-free soybean until now. Here, 2-hydroxyisoflavanone synthase (IFS), which is essential for isoflavone biosynthesis, was targeted for genome editing in soybean. A novel CRISPR/Cas9 system using Staphylococcus aureus Cas9 instead of the commonly used Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 was established and customized. Through Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation, IFS-edited hairy roots were generated in which all three IFS genes contained deletion mutations. Metabolome analyses of IFS-edited hairy roots revealed that isoflavone content significantly decreased, whereas levels of flavonoids, including a novel chalcone derivative, increased. A transcriptome analysis revealed changes in the expression levels of a large number of genes, including jasmonic acid-inducible genes. In addition, the functions of selected transcription factor genes (MYB14-L, GmbHLH112, and GmbHLH113), which were dramatically upregulated by IFS editing, were investigated by multiomics analyses of their over-expressing hairy root lines. They appear to be involved in flavonoid and triterpene saponin biosynthesis, salicylic acid metabolism, and central carbon metabolism. Overall, the results indicated that editing IFS genes caused the redirection of the metabolic flux from isoflavonoid biosynthesis to flavonoid accumulation, as well as dynamic changes in gene regulatory networks.</p>","PeriodicalId":20575,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Cell Physiology","volume":" ","pages":"304-317"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11957240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142953957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BpMYB06 acts as a positive regulatory factor in saline-alkaline stress resistance by binding to two novel elements.","authors":"Xuemei Zhou, Ruyi Ren, Hu Sun, Luyao Wang, Wenjie He, Huiyan Guo","doi":"10.1093/pcp/pcae152","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pcp/pcae152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Saline-alkaline salinity is recognized as one of the most severe abiotic stress factors, limiting plant growth and resulting in significant yield losses. MYB transcription factors (TFs) are crucial for plant tolerance to abiotic stress. However, the roles and regulatory mechanism of MYB TFs underlying saline-alkaline stress tolerance have not yet been investigated in Betula platyphylla. In this report, BpMYB06, an R2R3-MYB TF, is induced in response to saline-alkaline stress in B. platyphylla. This protein functions as a nuclear-localized transcriptional activator. Both gain- and loss-of-function analyses indicate that the transcript level of BpMYB06 is positively correlated with saline-alkaline stress tolerance, primarily through the enhancement of reactive oxygen species scavenging and the regulation of osmotic and ionic balance. Additionally, BpMYB06 is implicated in the control of stomatal aperture. Quantitative real-time PCR results show that BpMYB06 regulates the expression of genes associated with stress tolerance. Furthermore, TF-centered Y1H and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays reveal that BpMYB06 binds to two novel core sequences ([A/C]CGG and TAG[C/A]), thereby inducing the expression of stress-related genes. Our findings provide new insights into the role of BpMYB06 in B. platyphylla under soda saline-alkaline stress and suggest that it could serve as a potential target gene for developing saline-alkaline stress-tolerant B. platyphylla plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":20575,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Cell Physiology","volume":" ","pages":"318-332"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142953955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SmERF6 promotes the expression of terpenoid pathway in Salvia officinalis and improves the production of high-value abietane diterpenes, carnosol and carnosic acid.","authors":"Bharadwaj Revuru, Gayathri Thashanamoorthi, Prathiba Demiwal, Debabrata Sircar, Sathishkumar Ramalingam","doi":"10.1093/pcp/pcaf007","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pcp/pcaf007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carnosol (CO) and carnosic acid (CA) are pharmaceutically important diterpenes predominantly produced in members of Lamiaceae, Salvia officinalis (garden sage), Salvia fruticosa, and Rosmarinus officinalis. Nevertheless, the availability of these compounds in plant systems is very low. In an effort to improve the in planta content of these diterpenes in garden sage, SmERF6 (Salvia miltiorrhiza Ethylene Responsive Factor 6) transcription factor was expressed heterologously. Bai et al. (The ethylene response factor SmERF6 co-regulates the transcription of SmCPS1 and SmKSL1 and is involved in tanshinone biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy roots. Planta 2018; 248:243-55.) proved that SmERF6 binds to the promoter regions of Copalyl pyrophosphate synthase and Kaurene synthase-like genes and improves transcription, thereby augmenting ferruginol levels, a common precursor for abietane diterpenes in Salvia genus; moreover, transgenic hairy roots of S. miltiorrhiza displayed 4-fold improved tanshinone content. In our study, heterologous transient expression of SmERF6 in S. officinalis exhibited inter-specific activity in promoting differential accumulation of diterpenes. Overexpression studies showed elevation in the levels of CO (2-fold) and CA (5-fold). Furthermore, in infiltrated leaves levels of ferruginol (50%) and CA derivatives (rosmanol, epirosmanol, and methyl CA) were significantly upregulated along with the other signature terpenes. Finally, stable transgenic lines of S. officinalis developed through Agrobacterium-mediated in planta genetic transformation accumulated significant amounts of CO (4-folds) and CA (3-folds), as compared to wild plants. Overall, the present study is the first report on improving the content of pharmaceutically important diterpenes in S. officinalis by overexpressing pathway-specific transcription factors. The current findings showed convincing evidence for the concept of improving specialized metabolite(s) content in medicinal plants by manipulating the expression of transcriptional regulators.</p>","PeriodicalId":20575,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Cell Physiology","volume":" ","pages":"411-425"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143010311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}