Plant and Cell Physiology最新文献

Systemic organellar genome reconfiguration along the parasitic continuum in the broomrape family (Orobanchaceae). 锦绣菜科寄生连续体的系统细胞器基因组重构。

IF 4 2区生物学

Plant and Cell Physiology Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaf131

Yanlei Feng, Susann Wicke

{"title":"Systemic organellar genome reconfiguration along the parasitic continuum in the broomrape family (Orobanchaceae).","authors":"Yanlei Feng, Susann Wicke","doi":"10.1093/pcp/pcaf131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcaf131","url":null,"abstract":"The transition from autotrophy to heterotrophy in parasitic plants disrupts organellar coordination and presents a unique opportunity to examine the coevolution of cellular genomes. Using the Broomrape family (Orobanchaceae) as a model, we analyzed mitochondrial and plastid genome evolution across 30 species representing the full spectrum of parasitic lifestyles. We show that plastid genome reduction is correlated with mitogenomic expansion, revealing a striking inverse relationship between genome compaction and inflation. Mitogenome enlargement in parasitic taxa is driven by the accumulation of horizontally and intracellularly transferred DNA, proliferation of short repeats, and integration of unique sequences with no detectable homology. Across the family, plastid-derived mitochondrial sequences (MTPTs) are consistently more similar in GC content to plastomes than to mitogenomes, and in several holoparasites, 'ghost' MTPTs preserve regions now lost from plastomes, indicating integration before plastome reduction. Relaxed selection in ATP synthase and ribosomal genes contrasts with intensified selection on components of electron transport and cytochrome c maturation, reflecting functional reconfiguration of mitochondrial respiration in parasitic plants. RNA editing, intron loss, and frameshift insertions further reshape gene structure, particularly in obligate parasites. Together, our findings suggest that parasitism initiates a systemic genomic feedback loop in which relaxed selection and disrupted maintenance mechanisms affect even distant genomic compartments. This study provides a comprehensive evolutionary framework for multi-compartment genome remodeling in parasitic plants and highlights the dynamic interplay between lifestyle specialization and organelle genome evolution.","PeriodicalId":20575,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Cell Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145252416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Letter to the Editor: Combined fluorescent tags and multiplex CRISPR/Cas9 assembly for gene functional research in plants. 致编辑的信：结合荧光标签和多重CRISPR/Cas9组装用于植物基因功能研究。

IF 4 2区生物学

Plant and Cell Physiology Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaf129

Zhigang Wang, Baolei Zhang, Boning Xin, Xiaoqian Sun, Huawei Zheng, Liyun Peng, Xingxiang Chen, Zhufeng Chen, Jixing Xia

引用次数: 0

Membrane lipid-driven thylakoid biogenesis coordinating chlorophyll synthesis and expression of photosynthetic proteins. 膜脂驱动的类囊体生物发生协调叶绿素合成和光合蛋白的表达。

IF 4 2区生物学

Plant and Cell Physiology Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaf130

Sho Fujii, Noriko Nagata, Koichi Kobayashi

{"title":"Membrane lipid-driven thylakoid biogenesis coordinating chlorophyll synthesis and expression of photosynthetic proteins.","authors":"Sho Fujii, Noriko Nagata, Koichi Kobayashi","doi":"10.1093/pcp/pcaf130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcaf130","url":null,"abstract":"Chloroplasts in seed plants differentiate from proplastids or, occasionally, from other types of plastids. The development of the thylakoid membrane (TM) is a key process in chloroplast biogenesis, enabling plants to perform photosynthesis. The TM is a lipid bilayer membrane system densely packed with photosynthetic protein-cofactor complexes, and its formation requires the coordinated synthesis of membrane lipids, photosynthetic proteins, and cofactors particularly chlorophyll. During chloroplast biogenesis, membrane lipids are synthesized in the envelope membranes and transferred to the TM through yet-unknown mechanisms. Chlorophyll biosynthesis and the synthesis of plastid-encoded proteins also occur in association with membranes, although their precise suborganellar sites, especially during early chloroplast development, remain unclear. In this review, we discuss the roles of the chloroplast envelope and internal membranes as potential origins of the TM during chloroplast development and then summarize current knowledge on the biosynthetic pathways of plastid membrane lipids, chlorophyll, and photosynthetic proteins. We further highlight recent findings on how plastid lipid biosynthesis contributes to the synthesis of chlorophyll and plastid-encoded proteins, as well as to the expression of photosynthesis-associated nuclear-encoded genes via plastid-to-nucleus retrograde signaling. Finally, we propose that plastid lipid biosynthesis triggers chloroplast biogenesis by initiating and coordinating membrane-associated processes required for TM formation.","PeriodicalId":20575,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Cell Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145252467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Host-mediated endophyte-pathogen competition in roots enables asymptomatic fungal colonization in Arabidopsis thaliana. 在拟南芥中，宿主介导的根系内生菌-病原体竞争使真菌无症状定植成为可能。

IF 4 2区生物学

Plant and Cell Physiology Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaf126

Kei Hiruma, Kuldanai Pathompitaknukul, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Yuki Iwaguchi, Shunsuke Miyashima, Nanami Kawamura, Atsushi Toyoda, Takehiko Itoh, Yusuke Saijo

{"title":"Host-mediated endophyte-pathogen competition in roots enables asymptomatic fungal colonization in Arabidopsis thaliana.","authors":"Kei Hiruma, Kuldanai Pathompitaknukul, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Yuki Iwaguchi, Shunsuke Miyashima, Nanami Kawamura, Atsushi Toyoda, Takehiko Itoh, Yusuke Saijo","doi":"10.1093/pcp/pcaf126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcaf126","url":null,"abstract":"Seed plants frequently accommodate pathogenic microbes without showing disease symptoms. However, the mechanisms preventing disease progression within the host remain poorly understood. Here, we reveal a root-colonizing endophytic fungus, Colletotrichum fructicola (designated CfE), and a closely related pathogen, C. gloeosporioides (CgP), from asymptomatic field-grown Brassicaceae plants. In Arabidopsis thaliana, CgP grows hyphae into the central cylinder of the root and causes necrosis, an outcome that is effectively suppressed in the presence of CfE co-colonization. Transcriptome analyses of roots inoculated individually and simultaneously with CfE and CgP revealed over 700 CfE genes specifically induced during co-inoculation, while the extent of reprogramming in the host transcriptome was much less pronounced. These induced genes were enriched in secondary metabolism pathways, suggesting that CfE suppresses pathogenic fungal growth through the production of antifungal metabolites. Moreover, the endophytic colonization and host-protective function of CfE depend on host-derived tryptophan-based antimicrobial metabolites. Our findings highlight a critical role for fungus-fungus competition, mediated by anti-microbial metabolites and potentially orchestrated by the host, in enabling asymptomatic colonization and maintaining plant health.","PeriodicalId":20575,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Cell Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145252401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genome-wide identification of genes associated with enhanced carbon secretion in cluster roots of Lupinus albus L. 白豆丛枝根碳分泌增强相关基因的全基因组鉴定。

IF 4 2区生物学

Plant and Cell Physiology Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaf127

Kiyotoshi Hanashiro, Sho Nishida, Takuo Enomoto, Yong-Gen Yin, Nobuo Suzui, Yuta Miyoshi, Yusaku Noda, Kazuyuki Enomoto, Naoki Kawachi, Yusuke Unno, Hayato Maruyama, Akiko Maruo, Ayane Kan, Takuro Shinano, Jun Wasaki

{"title":"Genome-wide identification of genes associated with enhanced carbon secretion in cluster roots of Lupinus albus L.","authors":"Kiyotoshi Hanashiro, Sho Nishida, Takuo Enomoto, Yong-Gen Yin, Nobuo Suzui, Yuta Miyoshi, Yusaku Noda, Kazuyuki Enomoto, Naoki Kawachi, Yusuke Unno, Hayato Maruyama, Akiko Maruo, Ayane Kan, Takuro Shinano, Jun Wasaki","doi":"10.1093/pcp/pcaf127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcaf127","url":null,"abstract":"Several plant species adapted to low-phosphorus (P) conditions develop cluster roots, specialized structures that release organic acids and acid phosphatases (APases) to increase inorganic phosphate (Pi) availability. White lupin (Lupinus albus L.) is used as a model for studying cluster root function. Using a positron-emitting tracer imaging system (PETIS), we previously observed spot-like carbon (C) secretion patterns in the cluster roots of white lupin, amounts of which differed widely among spots, suggesting variation in secretion activity among cluster roots. Here, we combined PETIS with RNA-Seq to investigate transcriptomic differences between cluster roots with varying secretion activities. We identified 564 genes positively correlated and 135 genes negatively correlated with secretion levels. Among the positively correlated genes, we found three aluminum-activated malate transporter genes and two multi-drug and toxic compound extrusion genes, likely involved respectively in malate and citrate secretion. Two APase genes encoding putative secreted enzymes were also upregulated. All Pi transporter genes except PHO1;6H were stably expressed, whereas PHO1;6H was significantly upregulated in high-C-secreting roots. Our findings highlight putative genes potentially involved in Pi mobilization, offering insights into plant adaptation to P deficiency. (183 words).","PeriodicalId":20575,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Cell Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145252478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Detachment-induced somatic embryogenesis triggers aerial bulbil formation in Muscari armeniacum. 分离诱导的体胚发生触发了美洲麝香的气球茎形成。

IF 4 2区生物学

Plant and Cell Physiology Pub Date : 2025-10-07 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaf128

Ulku Baykal

引用次数: 0

The Role of Soil Microbiota in the Control of Parasitic Weeds. 土壤微生物群在控制寄生杂草中的作用。

IF 4 2区生物学

Plant and Cell Physiology Pub Date : 2025-10-04 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaf125

Pornkanok Pongpamorn, Michelle Zwart, Harro J Bouwmeester

{"title":"The Role of Soil Microbiota in the Control of Parasitic Weeds.","authors":"Pornkanok Pongpamorn, Michelle Zwart, Harro J Bouwmeester","doi":"10.1093/pcp/pcaf125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcaf125","url":null,"abstract":"Parasitic weeds from the Orobanchaceae family, particularly Striga, Orobanche and Phelipanche spp., are responsible for substantial agricultural losses worldwide. A better understanding of the intricate chemical interaction between parasitic plants and their host crops, and the effect the rhizosphere microbiome may have on this, offers potential for developing sustainable and effective biocontrol strategies. We review the biology of parasitic plants, with a focus on host-derived signaling molecules such as strigolactones (SLs) and haustorium inducing factors (HIFs) that coordinate key stages of their lifecycle, and hence are potential targets for control through microorganisms. We highlight several examples of pathogenic microorganisms, and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and fungi (PGPF) that have been shown to suppress parasitic weeds. These microbes act through multiple mechanisms: direct antagonism of the parasite, enhancement of the host's defense responses, and interference with chemical signaling between host and parasite. Both laboratory and field studies are reviewed to evaluate the efficacy and future potential of these biological control agents.","PeriodicalId":20575,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Cell Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145225804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Involvement of RAV-like 9 in sex-specific responses of Taxus mairei to fungal infection. av -like 9参与红豆杉对真菌感染的性别特异性反应。

IF 4 2区生物学

Plant and Cell Physiology Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaf124

Xiaori Zhan, Zijin Fang, Lingxiao Zhang, Huijie Ma, Xiuli Ma, Yan Jiang, Chenjia Shen

{"title":"Involvement of RAV-like 9 in sex-specific responses of Taxus mairei to fungal infection.","authors":"Xiaori Zhan, Zijin Fang, Lingxiao Zhang, Huijie Ma, Xiuli Ma, Yan Jiang, Chenjia Shen","doi":"10.1093/pcp/pcaf124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcaf124","url":null,"abstract":"Dioecious plants often exhibit dimorphism in morphology, physiology, and environmental adaptation. As a dioecious gymnosperm, Taxus is well known for its ornamental and ecological value. However, the sexual dimorphism in the responses of Tremacron mairei to fungal infection remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effect of sex on the responses of T. mairei to S01, a fungus belonging to the Aspergillus genus, using untargeted metabolomic analysis. Although there is no significant difference in the contents of eight analyzed flavonoid monomers between female and male T. mairei plants under normal condition, a significant difference emerges under fungal infection. We identified 15 members of the RAV-like gene subfamily in the T. mairei genome. Subsequently, a RAV-like transcription factor (TF) gene, RAV-like 9, which is responsive to S01 infection, was identified to be involved in flavonoid metabolism based on Pearson correlation analysis. To identify the genome-wide binding sites of RAV-like 9, DNA affinity purification sequencing (DAP-seq) was performed, yielding 3993 overlapping peaks. Motif enrichment analysis identified several de novo motifs, providing new insights into RAV TF recognition sites. After searching the peak pool, two flavonoid biosynthesis-related target genes were detected: ANS (ctg19199_gene.2) and IRL1 (ctg9900_gene.5). QRT-PCR analysis confirmed the differential expression of ANS and IRL1 between female and male T. mairei under S01 infection. Our data suggest that RAV-like 9 may play an important regulatory role in sex-specific responses of flavonoid biosynthesis to fungal infection by targeting the ANS and IRL1 genes.","PeriodicalId":20575,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Cell Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145192567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

LL3, a homolog of LONESOME HIGHWAY, regulates vascular cell proliferation in the root apical meristem. LL3是LONESOME HIGHWAY的同源基因，调控根尖分生组织中维管细胞的增殖。

IF 4 2区生物学

Plant and Cell Physiology Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaf121

Kyoko Ohashi-Ito, Marino Mori, Kuninori Iwamoto, Hiroo Fukuda

{"title":"LL3, a homolog of LONESOME HIGHWAY, regulates vascular cell proliferation in the root apical meristem.","authors":"Kyoko Ohashi-Ito, Marino Mori, Kuninori Iwamoto, Hiroo Fukuda","doi":"10.1093/pcp/pcaf121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcaf121","url":null,"abstract":"Vascular bundles, composed of various cell types, are essential for the transport of water and various molecules throughout the plant body. Transcriptional complexes consisting of LONESOME HIGHWAY (LHW) and TARGET OF MONOPTEROS5 (TMO5) regulate vascular development, particularly in two aspects: vascular cell proliferation, which increases the number of vascular cell files, and xylem differentiation in the Arabidopsis root. LHW has three homologs: LHW-LIKE 1 (LL1), LHW-LIKE 2 (LL2), and LHW-LIKE 3 (LL3). In our previous study, we demonstrated that LL1 predominantly contributes to xylem differentiation together with LHW, while its involvement in vascular cell proliferation appears to be limited. The involvement of homologs other than LHW in vascular cell proliferation remains unknown, despite the critical importance of vascular cell proliferation in the initial process of vascular development. Therefore, we investigated the roles of LL2 and LL3 in vascular cell proliferation in this study. Although single loss-of-function mutants of ll2 and ll3 did not exhibit obvious phenotypes, the lhw ll3 double mutant displayed severe defects in root vascular development. In lhw ll3 roots, only one or a few vascular cells were formed, where phloem differentiation was observed but xylem differentiation was absent. In addition, introducing LL3 into lhw could rescue the lhw phenotype. These results suggest that LL3 has a redundant role with LHW in the root vascular cell proliferation, and both LHW and LL3 are essential regulators for the process. Thus, our work indicates that different LHW homologs contribute to distinct functions of LHW in root vascular development.","PeriodicalId":20575,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Cell Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145150454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deciphering the Biochemical Functions and Nucleotide Sugar Donor Specificity Determinants of Dicot GT61 Glycosyltransferases Involved in Xylan Substitutions. 解读Dicot GT61糖基转移酶参与木聚糖取代的生化功能和核苷酸糖供体特异性决定因素。

IF 4 2区生物学

Plant and Cell Physiology Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaf122

Ruiqin Zhong, Dayong Zhou, Dennis R Phillips, Earle R Adams, Bi-Cheng Wang, Zheng-Hua Ye

{"title":"Deciphering the Biochemical Functions and Nucleotide Sugar Donor Specificity Determinants of Dicot GT61 Glycosyltransferases Involved in Xylan Substitutions.","authors":"Ruiqin Zhong, Dayong Zhou, Dennis R Phillips, Earle R Adams, Bi-Cheng Wang, Zheng-Hua Ye","doi":"10.1093/pcp/pcaf122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcaf122","url":null,"abstract":"Plant cell wall polysaccharide glycosyltransferases catalyze the transfer of sugars from specific nucleotide sugar donors onto specific acceptor substrates. The mechanisms of how their enzymatic specificity is determined is one of the long-standing questions in plant cell wall biology. In this report, we studied the biochemical functions of Arabidopsis and poplar GT61 glycosyltransferases involved in xylan substitutions and investigated the molecular determinants of their nucleotide sugar donor specificity. Enzymatic activity assays of recombinant proteins of Arabidopsis and poplar GT61 members demonstrated that two of them, AtX2AT1 and PtrX2AT1, exhibited xylan 2-O-arabinosyltransferase activities specifically using UDP-Araf, two other ones, AtXYXT2/3, possessed xylan 2-O-xylosyltransferase activities specifically using UDP-Xyl, and three other ones, PtrXXAT1/2/3, were able to catalyze the transfer of 2-O-Araf and 2-O-Xyl onto xylan using both UDP-Araf and UDP-Xyl. Structural modeling and molecular docking of PtrXXAT1 identified amino acid residues involved in interacting with UDP-Araf and UDP-Xyl at the putative active site and site-directed mutagenesis revealed their critical roles in PtrXXAT1 catalytic activities. Furthermore, structural alignment and reciprocal swapping of UDP-Xyl-interacting residues of PtrXXAT1 with their corresponding residues of AtX2AT1 pinpointed key residues determining their nucleotide sugar donor specificity. Our results indicate that Arabidopsis and poplar GT61 members catalyze 2-O-Araf- and/or 2-O-Xyl substitutions of xylan and that subtle structural differences in their substrate-binding pockets could alter their substrate specificity toward nucleotide sugar donors.","PeriodicalId":20575,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Cell Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145150434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0