Presse Medicale最新文献_第3页

Pharmacological management of COPD 慢性阻塞性肺病的药理管理。

IF 3.4 3区医学

Presse Medicale Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2025.104319

Augusta Beech , Dave Singh

{"title":"Pharmacological management of COPD","authors":"Augusta Beech , Dave Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.lpm.2025.104319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lpm.2025.104319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pharmacological management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) focuses on the alleviation of symptoms coupled with exacerbation prevention. Inhaled treatments are the mainstay of management, ensuring adequate lung delivery while minimising the potential for adverse systemic effects. Combination inhalers with long acting bronchodilators, with and without inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), are in widespread use to treat COPD on the basis of clinical trial evidence alongside the practical advantages associated with using a single inhaler in the real life world. There is also a personalised approach to ICS use, as blood eosinophil counts can help identify individuals with a greater probability of responding to treatment. Biological treatments have demonstrated positive results in COPD clinical trials, and will also be used in a precision approach in future.</div><div>The positive clinical trial results for dupilumab (a monoclonal antibody directed against the shared IL-4 and IL-13 receptor) and ensifentrine (an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 3 and 4) represent significant advances in the pharmacological management of COPD. This review describes the recent progress in COPD pharmacology, covering novel molecules, new evidence and changes in clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20530,"journal":{"name":"Presse Medicale","volume":"55 1","pages":"Article 104319"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145422417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The evolving epidemiology, disease trajectories and etiotypes of COPD 慢性阻塞性肺病的流行病学演变、疾病轨迹和病因型。

IF 3.4 3区医学

Presse Medicale Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2025.104314

Dagmar Düsterhöft, Jaime Alvarado, Daiana Stolz

引用次数: 0

Difficult-to-treat COPD: from concept to practice 难治性慢性阻塞性肺病：从概念到实践。

IF 3.4 3区医学

Presse Medicale Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2025.104321

Lucile Regard , Nicolas Roche

{"title":"Difficult-to-treat COPD: from concept to practice","authors":"Lucile Regard , Nicolas Roche","doi":"10.1016/j.lpm.2025.104321","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lpm.2025.104321","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) can be managed effectively through standard therapeutic strategies. However, a significant proportion remains symptomatic, experiences recurrent exacerbations, or shows accelerated lung function decline despite apparently appropriate care. These patients often fall into what could be referred to as “difficult-to-treat COPD”, a term still lacking formal definition. Drawing parallels with asthma, this article proposes to consider the concept of disease control in COPD as a key driver of COPD management, not representing a fixed target but a dynamic construct reflecting daily impact and long-term stability.</div><div>We provide a structured framework for reassessing diagnosis accuracy, evaluating treatment adequacy, and identifying unresolved pathophysiological drivers in patients who remain uncontrolled. Core domains include persistent dyspnea, chronic bronchitis, frequent or severe exacerbations, and rapid lung function decline. Each is explored with a focus on clinical reasoning, diagnostic tools, and phenotype- or endotype-based treatable trait-specific strategies. Importantly, the article argues that in patients remaining uncontrolled despite guideline-concordant care, the clinical response paradigm should shift from escalation to recharacterization. Practical pathways beyond standard care such as biologic therapy, lung volume reduction and transplantation, access to research protocols, and early integration of palliative care are reviewed. In the conclusion, we advocate for broader implementation of multidisciplinary case discussions and for using loss of disease control as a clinical trigger to prompt timely reassessment. Rather than defining a new phenotype, the aim is to promote a dynamic, precision-based approach to COPD management that aligns therapeutic strategies with evolving disease trajectories.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20530,"journal":{"name":"Presse Medicale","volume":"55 1","pages":"Article 104321"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145496356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

COPD in transformation: from early origins to precision medicine 转型中的COPD：从早期起源到精准医学。

IF 3.4 3区医学

Presse Medicale Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2025.104313

Nicolas Roche

引用次数: 0

Personalizing COPD care: Phenotypes, endotypes, GETomics, the trajectome, syndemics and treatable traits 个性化慢性阻塞性肺病护理：表型，内源性，基因组学，轨迹，综合征和可治疗特征。

IF 3.4 3区医学

Presse Medicale Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2025.104318

Alvar Agusti , Rosa Faner

{"title":"Personalizing COPD care: Phenotypes, endotypes, GETomics, the trajectome, syndemics and treatable traits","authors":"Alvar Agusti , Rosa Faner","doi":"10.1016/j.lpm.2025.104318","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lpm.2025.104318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Our understanding and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has changed significantly over the past few years. We now recognize that COPD is a complex and heterogeneous condition that requires personalized and precise management. Here we review these recent novel concepts, including those of <em>Phenotypes</em> (i.e., the observable characteristics of an individual), <em>Endotypes</em> (i.e., the biologic mechanism(s) underlying a given phenotype), <em>GETomics</em> (i.e., a new paradigm that incorporates of the time axis (age) into our understanding of different gene-environment interactions through the life time), the <em>Trajectome</em> (i.e., the range of potential lung function trajectories that exists in the general population, including normal, low and supra-normal trajectories with different clinical implications), <em>Syndemics</em> (i.e., a term that refers to the fact that most COPD patients suffer of other co-occurrent diseases (multimorbidity) that share mechanisms and risk factors), and <em>Treatable Traits</em> (i.e., specific endo-phenotypes that contribute to the clinical presentation and prognosis of the patient that deserve specific and personalized treatment), and discuss how to best transfer them into clinical practice (e.g. lung tracker). Collectivelly, these concepts have radically changed our understanding of COPD and can facilitate a more personalized and precise clinical management of the patients that suffer such a frequent and impactful disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20530,"journal":{"name":"Presse Medicale","volume":"55 1","pages":"Article 104318"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145422462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of thyroid disruption on neural cells stem fate in the mouse brain 甲状腺功能紊乱对小鼠大脑神经细胞干细胞命运的影响。

IF 3.4 3区医学

Presse Medicale Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2025.104312

V. Valcarcel-Hernandez, L. Butruille, S. Remaud

{"title":"Effects of thyroid disruption on neural cells stem fate in the mouse brain","authors":"V. Valcarcel-Hernandez, L. Butruille, S. Remaud","doi":"10.1016/j.lpm.2025.104312","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lpm.2025.104312","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thyroid hormones (THs), particularly T<sub>3</sub> and T<sub>4</sub>, play crucial roles in neural development and maintenance by regulating neural stem cell (NSC) proliferation, differentiation, and survival. In the subventricular zone (SVZ), a neurogenic niche in the adult brain, THs influence the balance between neuronal and glial cell fate. Hypothyroidism disrupts this balance, reducing neurogenesis and increasing oligodendrocyte precursor cell (OPC) production. This can impair central nervous system repair mechanisms and olfactory function. Environmental endocrine disruptors like perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exacerbate these effects. PFAS, including PFOS and PFOA, could interfere with TH signaling by altering TH synthesis, transport, and receptor interactions. In rodent models, PFOS exposure during critical window of brain development reduced myelin production and impaired remyelination processes. These effects were linked to TH modulation and were partially reversible with T3 supplementation. Research underscores the vulnerability of neurogliogenic niches to TH disruption and calls for further investigation into long-term impacts and therapeutic interventions to mitigate the adverse effects of endocrine disruptors on neural development and brain function<strong>.</strong></div></div>","PeriodicalId":20530,"journal":{"name":"Presse Medicale","volume":"54 4","pages":"Article 104312"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145337448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adrenocortical organoids: A promising tool for modelling human physiology and translational research 肾上腺皮质类器官：模拟人体生理学和转化研究的有前途的工具。

IF 3.4 3区医学

Presse Medicale Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2025.104300

Melina Tedesco, Andreas Schedl, Yasmine Neirijnck

{"title":"Adrenocortical organoids: A promising tool for modelling human physiology and translational research","authors":"Melina Tedesco, Andreas Schedl, Yasmine Neirijnck","doi":"10.1016/j.lpm.2025.104300","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lpm.2025.104300","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The adrenal cortex is a vital endocrine organ that controls a wide range of biological parameters including metabolism, blood pressure and immune response, through the release of distinct steroid hormones. As adrenal diseases can be life-threatening, understanding their molecular underpinnings and developing novel therapeutic approaches are important goals. Organoids have emerged as powerful research tools to study human fundamental biological processes, model diseases and develop novel therapies. However, research on adrenocortical organoids has only been reported recently, with a shift in focus from the use of immortalized cell lines to the emerging use of stem cells. Initially, forced expression of NR5A1 was used, but the field has evolved to prioritize directed differentiation. To date, few protocols have been reported that allow the directed differentiation of pluripotent stem cells into adrenocortical cells.This review provides the developmental background knowledge required for developing such cell systems, reports on the present state of the art and discusses how the implementation of <em>in vitro</em> organoid/spheroid cultures in the adrenal field can expand our basic understanding of tissue function and influence preclinical research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20530,"journal":{"name":"Presse Medicale","volume":"54 4","pages":"Article 104300"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144619921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pancreatic islet organoids and organoids on-chip for type 1 diabetes 胰岛类器官和类器官芯片治疗1型糖尿病。

IF 3.4 3区医学

Presse Medicale Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2025.104302

Mahira Mehanović , Mélanie Lopes , Sophia Coffy, Amandine Pitaval, Delphine Freida, Xavier Gidrol, Emily Tubbs

{"title":"Pancreatic islet organoids and organoids on-chip for type 1 diabetes","authors":"Mahira Mehanović , Mélanie Lopes , Sophia Coffy, Amandine Pitaval, Delphine Freida, Xavier Gidrol, Emily Tubbs","doi":"10.1016/j.lpm.2025.104302","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lpm.2025.104302","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is a highly complex and prevalent metabolic disease caused by dysfunctions of pancreatic islets. Over the past decade, diabetes research and treatments have focused on insulin restoration and glucose homeostasis, especially the regenerative approaches for stem cell based therapies for T1D. Nevertheless, unravelling the islet developmental processes and physiopathology of diabetes requires development of <em>in vitro</em> models that mimic the structure and function of islet of Langerhans.</div><div>Organoids have progressively revolutionized three-dimensional cell culture allowing development of more physiologically relevant models that recapitulate cellular interactions and responses more accurately.</div><div>Here, we provide insights into advanced islet organoid models focusing on their generation, characteristics, applications, and challenges. We discuss state-of-the-art tissue engineering strategies to recapitulate islet development and pancreatic niche microenvironment by exploring different cell sources of insulin-producing cells, including primary islet cells and cell line aggregation, transdifferentiation from adult somatic cells, and differentiation from stem cells. We discuss the significance of replicating the islet microenvironment through extracellular matrices and scaffolds, as well as vascular and immunomodulatory approaches. We highlight the potential of organ-on-chip technologies to closely recapitulate the complex microenvironment of pancreatic tissues providing platforms for disease modelling, drug screening and regenerative medicine. Despite the challenges, islet organoids combined with microfluidics represent a promising tool for the understanding of T1D pathogenesis and developing innovative therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20530,"journal":{"name":"Presse Medicale","volume":"54 4","pages":"Article 104302"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144619923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stem cells and organoids in endocrinology 内分泌学中的干细胞和类器官。

IF 3.4 3区医学

Presse Medicale Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2025.104298

Thierry Brue , Jean-Louis Wémeau

引用次数: 0

From stem cells to organoids in thyroid: Useful tools or a step for cell therapy? 从干细胞到甲状腺类器官：有用的工具还是细胞治疗的一步？

IF 3.4 3区医学

Presse Medicale Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2025.104301

Dulanjalee Kariyawasam , Athanasia Stoupa , Adrien Nguyen Quoc , Ines Pimentel Dantas , Michel Polak , Aurore Carré

{"title":"From stem cells to organoids in thyroid: Useful tools or a step for cell therapy?","authors":"Dulanjalee Kariyawasam , Athanasia Stoupa , Adrien Nguyen Quoc , Ines Pimentel Dantas , Michel Polak , Aurore Carré","doi":"10.1016/j.lpm.2025.104301","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.lpm.2025.104301","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Organoids are three-dimensional tissue cultures derived from stem cells. They replicate the complexity of different cell types in an organ and can survive in specific media. They also have the capacity to proliferate and self-renew. Thyroid organoids have now been established using a variety of cell sources, including murine or human embryonic stem cells, pluripotent stem cells, adult thyroid-derived stem cells, and even fetal thyroids. Experimental designs to obtain thyroid organoids depend on the originating cell types and whether a forced (transient or permanent) overexpression of two important transcription factors in thyroid development, Nkx2–1 and Pax8, has been used by lentiviral transduction. All cells are harvested in an extracellular membrane to achieve a three-dimensional cell culture. The development of strategies to obtain organoids has revealed the signaling pathways and growth factors that are essential for this type of culture, and which are also essential for thyroid development. The development of thyroid organoids has facilitated a deeper understanding of the key factors and stages involved in the differentiation of stem cells into thyroid follicular cells. Furthermore, they have demonstrated utility as a model for pathology, such as Graves' disease. Insights regarding other thyroidal pathologies will likely emerge in the future. Furthermore, thyroid organoids have demonstrated their potential for regenerative medicine, a promising but not yet fully efficient technology for treating definitive hypothyroidism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20530,"journal":{"name":"Presse Medicale","volume":"54 4","pages":"Article 104301"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144619922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0