{"title":"External steel bracing frames with energy dissipation devices for the seismic retrofit of a precast R.C. school building","authors":"Giada Frappa , Alessia Bernardotto , Samantha Lisetto , Margherita Pauletta","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a retrofit solution for a school building located in a high seismic risk area. The as-built structure, composed of precast concrete elements, lacks sufficient strength to meet the seismic and gravitational load requirements set by the Italian Building Code.</div><div>The proposed intervention includes the installation of external steel braced frames equipped with energy-dissipating devices. These frames increase the building’s stiffness, thereby reducing displacements of structural elements. The corresponding increase in acceleration is offset by the dissipation of seismic energy through the installed devices.</div><div>The positioning of the steel frames along the building perimeter is chosen to regularize seismic behavior by minimizing the eccentricity between the center of mass and the center of rigidity, thereby reducing the resulting torsional effects.</div><div>In addition, local strengthening interventions are proposed, like those increasing the shear strength of beams and establishing a mechanical connection between the precast beams and columns, whose current interaction relies solely on friction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"78 ","pages":"Pages 17-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147408920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Choice between dissipative and low-dissipative design approaches","authors":"Federico Gusella , Gianni Bartoli","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Current seismic codes facilitate force-based design and safety assessment of buildings under the assumption that they remain indefinitely within the linear elastic range. However, to account for their inelastic deformation capacity, design seismic forces can be reduced using the seismic behavior factor (<em>q</em>). When plastic analysis is employed, dissipative members are intentionally designed to undergo plastic deformations, enabling energy dissipation. This design approach should consider the associated expected annual loss, which includes damage costs and expenses related to the replacement or retrofitting of dissipative members.</div><div>This paper presents a framework, formulated through closed-form equations, to quantify the cost required for a dissipative building, designed according to the capacity design approach, to achieve economic competitiveness compared to a low-dissipative counterpart that remains within the elastic range.</div><div>Analyses are conducted to evaluate the impact of key factors on the target cost, including the seismic behavior factor, the replacement cost of dissipative members and the nominal life of the building.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"78 ","pages":"Pages 113-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147409034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nadia Salvatore , Alessandro Pagliaroli , Kyle M. Rollins , Giuseppe Brando
{"title":"Application of a novel geological-geotechnical index for assessing multi-hazard risk in linear infrastructure","authors":"Nadia Salvatore , Alessandro Pagliaroli , Kyle M. Rollins , Giuseppe Brando","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study addresses the complex challenge of assessing the impact of natural hazards on critical infrastructure like road bridges. The GETI index, which quantifies the seismic risk by considering structural, geological, and geotechnical factors, including secondary earthquake effects (soil amplification, liquefaction and landslides) is applied to the Cherry Hill Interchange viaduct near Salt Lake City, Utah, an area with high seismic risk and soft soils. The analysis involved two steps: a literature review and data analysis to assess susceptibility to the different hazards (Level 1), followed by a detailed site response and liquefaction analysis to quantify ground shaking and soil permanent deformations (Level 2). The results were used with fragility curves to estimate damage probability of the viaduct. In the Level 2, a PGA of 0.2 g and lateral displacements of about 3 meters due to liquefaction were estimated for a rare earthquake scenario (2% probability in 50 years). These values indicated a 100% probability of damage to the viaduct, primarily due to lateral spreading, with minimal impact from ground shaking. The study also tested the index’s sensitivity by comparing conditions before and after soil reinforcement executed in the area. After soil improvement, liquefaction was prevented and the updated GETI index showed a 0% probability of high-to-severe damage and only a 4% chance of low damage. This case study demonstrates that the GETI index is a valuable tool for assessing multi-hazard risks in linear infrastructure and can guide cost-effective mitigation strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"78 ","pages":"Pages 81-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147409038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Strength Improvement of CFRP Gears by Hybrid Reinforcement Using Carbon Fiber Fabrics and Short Fibers","authors":"Seiji Mitsubayashi , Kenichi Takemura","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2026.02.042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2026.02.042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, the demand for replacing metal gears with carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) gears has been increasing due to their high specific strength and excellent vibration damping properties. Conventional fabrication methods include molding short fiber-reinforced resin and machining laminated composites. However, a fabrication method to improve the strength of CFRP gears has not been fully established. In this study, a novel fabrication method was developed to improve the strength of CFRP gears. The proposed method reinforces the tooth flanks with carbon fiber fabrics before casting short fiber-reinforced resin into a mold. To evaluate the effectiveness of this approach, the effects of fiber length, fiber content, and the number of fabric layers on the strength of CFRP gears were investigated. The bending strength of gear teeth was evaluated to verify the practicality of this method. The results indicated that strength improvement requires increasing the fiber volume fraction while ensuring uniform fiber dispersion in the resin. Furthermore, it was found that increasing the number of fabric layers while suppressing interfacial delamination between fibers and resin enhances the strength of the tooth flanks. In conclusion, valuable insights were obtained regarding the applicability of this manufacturing technique for producing high-performance CFRP gears.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages 431-442"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147424307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Simone Messina , Francesco Manni , Matteo Giacopini
{"title":"A Finite Element Methodology for the Fatigue Analysis of High-Performance Electric Motor Gears","authors":"Simone Messina , Francesco Manni , Matteo Giacopini","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2026.02.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2026.02.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing demand for high-performance electric motors challenges gearbox design, particularly regarding fatigue life. This study presents a Finite Element methodology for analyzing the structural behavior of a high-performance electric motor gearbox. A detailed simulation of gear mesh operation was conducted, focusing on the contact history of a single tooth. Through a sensitivity analysis, it was determined the number of teeth to be included in the computational domain. Non-essential sections of the gear were simplified as cylindrical surfaces. The discretization strategy emphasized precision in critical areas related to the safety factor while reducing complexity in less relevant regions to optimize computational efficiency. Multiple modeling approaches were evaluated, including the impact of shafts, bearings, and reaction forces from adjacent gears. The final simulation incorporated microgeometry effects. Simulations were carried out excluding thermal effects and giving a special attention to defining appropriate boundary and initial conditions. Once the model representing the best compromise between results accuracy and computational time has been developed, a complete gear meshing fatigue analysis was performed using the multiaxial Dang Van method, providing a comprehensive framework for predicting gearbox performance under high-cycle fatigue.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages 232-243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147426069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Numerical Methods for Thermo-Structural Analysis in Tubular Heat Exchanger Reactors for Synthetic Fuel Production","authors":"Saverio Giulio Barbieri , Andrea Piergiacomi , Matteo Giacopini , Fabio Ruggeri","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2026.02.027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2026.02.027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The transition to sustainable energy sources has intensified interest in synthetic fuel production, offering an alternative to fossil fuels. Tubular heat exchanger reactors play a critical role in this process, enabling efficient thermal exchange and chemical reactions under extreme operating conditions. However, these reactors face significant challenges related to thermal gradients, structural stresses, and long-term material degradation, requiring advanced numerical tools for accurate analyses. This study presents the development and application of numerical methods for the thermo-structural analysis of tubular heat exchanger reactors. A comprehensive approach was adopted to assess the thermal and mechanical behaviour of reactor components, incorporating material properties such as creep characteristics. Thermal simulations revealed significant temperature gradients across the reactor walls. Thermo-structural analyses were performed comparing two different materials, considering the effects of tensile loads, internal pressure, and creep phenomena. Special attention was given to the structural influence of the catalyst mass housed within the tubes. Additionally, different mounting strategies were evaluated. This work highlights the crucial role of advanced numerical modelling techniques in the design of efficient and durable tubular reactors, supporting the development of enhanced synthetic fuel production processes. Future work will focus on the detailed analysis of the manifold system and structural connections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages 279-288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147426074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Data augmentation of scarce experimental data for constitutive models","authors":"Daniel Leidermark , Robert Eriksson","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.324","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.324","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores two different data augmentation approaches to generate artificial data for the training process of machine learned constitutive models. The cyclic Ramberg-Osgood model was employed by predicting the stress amplitude at 1% strain amplitude in the materials. A baseline model using 96 materials in the training process was first defined. Ten materials out of the 96 were sampled to be augmented. The first augmentation approach was to perform a linear numerical scaling of sampled materials to generate artificial copies. However, this approach lack the real physical behaviour of the material. Thus, to account for the physical behaviour, an augmentation based on empirical statistical distributions of the material behaviour of the sampled materials was made. This generates improved artificial data with a reliable outcome. Hence, a robust, accurate and efficient training procedure was obtained compared to used experimental data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"79 ","pages":"Pages 190-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147407412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Martin Matušů , Jan Papuga , David Blaha , Bastian Roidl , Jakub Rosenthal , Jan Šimota , Lorenzo Pagliari , Franco Concli
{"title":"Influence of build position on the fatigue performance of additively manufactured AlSi10Mg specimens of various heat treatments","authors":"Martin Matušů , Jan Papuga , David Blaha , Bastian Roidl , Jakub Rosenthal , Jan Šimota , Lorenzo Pagliari , Franco Concli","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2026.01.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2026.01.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the fatigue behavior of additively manufactured AlSi10Mg components under cyclic loading, with a specific focus on the influence of specimen position on the build platform (BP) on its fatigue life. Utilizing the well-established Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) process—specifically the Concept Laser M2 system—experimental data collected over the past four years, including distinct S-N curves, have been used to identify regions of reduced fatigue performance across the build platform.</div><div>To systematically investigate this spatial variation, each built platform was analyzed individually, with particular attention paid to unpredictable specimens and their precise locations on the print bed. A dedicated experimental platform of fatigue specimens was prepared, comprising 44 specimens divided into two groups of applied load levels. This setup enabled the first quantitative assessment of the correlation between spatial build position and fatigue strength in L-PBF-fabricated AlSi10Mg.</div><div>In addition, four different heat treatment conditions were evaluated to understand their impact on fatigue resistance. Special emphasis was placed on the manufacturer-recommended thermal treatment for AlSi10Mg, providing a comprehensive perspective on the interplay between printing position, thermal processing, and fatigue performance. These findings offer critical insights for optimizing additive manufacturing strategies in demanding structural applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"77 ","pages":"Pages 127-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146102427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessment of Kitagawa-Takahashi diagram for Ti-6Al-4V manufactured by DED-LB/CW: Evaluation of the interaction between defects and microstructure","authors":"Xabat Orue , Mikel Abasolo , Eduardo Tabares , Iban Quintana","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work presents comprehensive fatigue test results utilizing machined specimens extracted horizontally from Ti-6Al-4V blocks manufactured by Direct Energy Deposition using Laser Beam and Coaxial Wire (DED-LB/CW). The experimental results act as basis to establish defect- and microstructure-based models applying the Kitagawa-Takahashi (K-T) approach and the modifications by El Haddad, Murakami and Chapetti. Three batches manufactured in two different DED-LB/CW systems were considered to achieve a variation in microstructure and micropore sizes. Fractographical analyses were executed to examine the size, location and shape of the crack-initiating features. Due to the parameter optimization carried out, Lack of Fusion (LoF) defects were avoided and only shrinkage and keyhole pores were detected. Fatigue Crack Growth (FCG) tests were performed using Compact Tension (CT) specimens to determine the long and effective crack growth thresholds. Kitagawa-Takahashi, El-Haddad, Murakami and Chapetti models were calculated combining fatigue strength, fractographical analysis, as well as fracture mechanics characteristics, achieving good fit with the experimental results. It can be concluded that the interaction between the defects and the microstructure is not negligible. Hence, an application of defect- and microstructure-based models using simplified pore size parameters such as Murakami’s √area, enable a proper assessment of K-T diagrams for life predictions of Ti-6Al-4V manufactured by DED-LB/CW based on FCG behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"76 ","pages":"Pages 3-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146102493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vladimír Chmelko , Tomáš Koščo , Miroslava Kučerková , Katarína Jevčáková
{"title":"Influence of manufacturing processes to the fatigue strength of thin steel plates.","authors":"Vladimír Chmelko , Tomáš Koščo , Miroslava Kučerková , Katarína Jevčáková","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many load-bearing components in transport and construction technology are made of sheet metal. The assessment of the fatigue life of such components has its own specificities. The initiation point of fatigue cracks is often the edges that have been formed by splitting from the original sheet metal. The cutting technology significantly affects the condition and properties of the material, as it introduces residual stresses and strain hardening into the material.</div><div>In this paper, three different low carbon steel sheet materials (S355, S500, S700) will be analyzed. Comparison of the results of cyclic tests of the sheet metal specimens and different cutting technologies (punching, laser cutting, sharp edge, rounded edge) as well as analysis of fatigue crack initiation sites is presented.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"76 ","pages":"Pages 131-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146102502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}