Procedia Structural Integrity最新文献

{"title":"Experimental Investigation on Strength Characteristics of Concrete Incorporating Aluminium Dross as Cement Substitute","authors":"Siddesh K N ,&nbsp;Sowjanya G V ,&nbsp;Raveesh R M ,&nbsp;Sahana T S","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.07.048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.07.048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The enhancement of shear performance of reinforced cement concrete beams by using aluminum waste as a partial replacement of cement has gained significant importance in recent times. The study focusses on dual challenges of sustainable construction and effective waste management, by incorporating aluminum dross-a byproduct of the aluminum industry as a partial replacement for cement in reinforced concrete beams. Firstly, the cubes are casted with varying % of aluminum dross by the weight of cement. The cement has been replaced with aluminum dross in finely powdered form by its weight varying from 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30%. A series of experiments were conducted to find the range of optimum replacement levels. In that range, reinforced cement concrete beams are casted, again series of experiments were conducted to obtain optimum replacement % and finite element modelling were made to evaluate the shear performance and to validate the result. The results reveal that a 10% replacement of cement with aluminum dross yields the optimum performance, showing improved mechanical strength compared to the control mix. Beyond this dosage, a decline in strength was observed. The results from experiments shows significant improvement in shear strength or shear capacity till optimum replacement levels beyond which shear performance declines. Incorporating aluminum dross not only improves mechanical properties but also reduces cement usage, focusing on sustainability goals. The study demonstrates that aluminum dross can be effectively utilized as a sustainable alternative in cementitious materials, contributing to both environmental protection and economic benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"70 ","pages":"Pages 231-238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144878196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of Sustainable Self-Compacting Concrete with Industry and Agricultural By-Products","authors":"K. Navin Balaji ,&nbsp;D. Sivakumar","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.07.056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.07.056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) represents a highly workable concrete which distributes itself effortlessly while maintaining uniform distribution so that it achieves complete compaction without using vibration methods. The study investigates sustainable SCC production through experimental methods which incorporate rice husk ash (RHA) and coconut shell aggregate (CSA) and limestone powder (LSP) as cement and natural coarse aggregate (NCA) replacements. The experimental research incorporated 15% limestone powder substitution in all mixes while RHA content varied from 0 to 25% to enhance pozzolanic activity. Furthermore, 20% of NCA was uniformly substituted with CSA to enhance sustainability and produce the light weight SCC. The fresh properties, including flowability, passing ability, and viscosity, were assessed in accordance with EFNARC standards. The research furthermore investigated mechanical parameters like as strength, deformation behaviour, and internal structural integrity throughout various curing periods. The combination of RHA and LSP with CSA produced SCC that exhibited enhanced mechanical properties and micro-filling characteristics and lightweight and environmentally friendly concrete behaviour. The optimum substitute of RHA was determined to be 15%, with the mix ID RHA15 exhibiting superior mechanical properties compared to other SCC and conventional mixes. The research indicates that SCC incorporating RHA, LSP, and CSA exhibits potential as a viable approach for developing sustainable concrete structures with cost-effectiveness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"70 ","pages":"Pages 295-302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144878203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental Investigation on Utilizing Treated Dyeing Effluent in Utility Blocks","authors":"G.K. Arunvivek ,&nbsp;Jabar Abdul Bari ,&nbsp;S.C. Sarathkumar ,&nbsp;K. Jeevanandan","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.07.100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.07.100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Utility blocks are most popular in construction due to their competent manufacturing and cost-effectiveness. However, traditional production methods require large amounts of potable water, which can create challenges in ensuring enough water for other construction needs. To address this, a novel approach has been developed that substitute treated dyeing industrial wastewater for potable water in the manufacturing of utility blocks. This method incorporates a bio-sorption process through a coagulation-sedimentation technique, using dry powdered ricinus as natural coagulants. Utility blocks were tested in compliance with IS 15658 standards. The mechanical properties of both conventional and effluent imbibed blocks were tested. The durability of both blocks was assessed by chloride penetration test. Empirical regression analysis was conducted to assess the compression and flexural strengths of blocks. The results from curing periods of 7, 14, and 28 days showed improvements in the strength. The modified blocks demonstrated increases in compressive strength of 1.76%, 2.01%, and 2.41% than conventional blocks. Flexural strengths also exhibited improvements, with increases of 14.8%, 13.62%, and 8.45% across the same curing periods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"70 ","pages":"Pages 635-641"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144878341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable Geopolymer Paver Block Using Waste Foundry Sand","authors":"Hariharan kannan ,&nbsp;Ganeshprabhu Parvathikumar ,&nbsp;Kavitha E.","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.07.103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.07.103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The construction sector contributes to 8% of global CO₂ emissions, primarily from Portland cement production, which emits around 900 kg of CO₂ per ton of cement. Excessive mining of river sand, with an annual demand surpassing 50 billion tons, depletes natural resources and causes severe ecological damage. This research investigates the utilization of waste foundry sand (WFS) as a sustainable fine aggregate substitute in geopolymer paver blocks, thereby reducing dependence on conventional resources and promoting the circular economy. This research seeks to evaluate the durability and mechanical properties of geopolymer paver blocks that replace M-sand with varying percentages of foundry sand (0%, 15%, 30%, 45%, 60%, 75%, and 100%). Experimental assessments were performed to assess the performance of paver blocks, encompassing abrasion resistance, flexural strength, compressive strength and water absorption. The results revealed that a 45% substitution of foundry sand yielded the greatest compressive and flexural strength, validating its appropriateness as a construction material. Water absorption was maintained at an acceptable level of 1.8%, rendering it appropriate for regions that have high rainfall. Abrasion tests revealed that WFS-based paver blocks observed a weight loss of 23.06 g, indicating enhanced durability under traffic loads. This project facilitated waste valorisation and diminished landfill accumulation by integrating industrial by-products, addressing the annual disposal of 13 million tons of foundry sand. The incorporation of WFS in geopolymer concrete reduced the carbon footprint by 40%, offering a more sustainable alternative to traditional construction materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"70 ","pages":"Pages 658-665"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144878344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic Performance of RC Frames Retrofitted with Bracing: A Review and Model-Based Evaluation","authors":"Abhishek Badalia ,&nbsp;S P Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.07.034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.07.034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reinforced concrete buildings are vulnerable to a wide range of damage induced due to seismic activities. If left unattended, these issues compromise the structural integrity and service life of the building. Seismic retrofitting of reinforced concrete structures is a crucial engineering practice that enhances their resilience against earthquake-induced forces. One of the widely adopted retrofitting techniques is the incorporation of steel bracing systems. Several studies have investigated the effectiveness of steel bracing in enhancing the seismic performance of reinforced concrete structures, particularly in reducing lateral displacements and minimizing structural damage during seismic events. This paper deals with a review of seismic evaluation and strengthening of reinforced concrete structures using steel braces as a retrofitting measure. This study aims to evaluate the performance of a G+9-story structure located in seismic zone IV using STAAD Pro software to determine the most effective brace configuration. A 24 m × 24 m building with six 4 m bays was modelled and analysed using the response spectrum method as per IS 1893 (Part 1): 2016. First, an unbraced frame was analysed as a base model. later, braces with different configurations were added to the peripheral frame. The braced frame results were compared to the unbraced frame, and results aligned with some major studies conducted in the past. Analysis results mainly indicate that X-braced frames perform well in terms of storey drift, stiffness enhancemen.t, lateral force reduction, frequency improvement, and period reduction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"70 ","pages":"Pages 121-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144878686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of threshold level of change in impedance signature for incipient, moderate and severe damages in structural system","authors":"Arpit Singh ,&nbsp;Hemant Singh Parihar ,&nbsp;Rama Shanker","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.07.093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.07.093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Structures play a major role in the economic growth of any developing nation; therefore, regularly monitoring their health is very important. Structural health monitoring is a technique that identifies the presence, location, severity of damage, and the remaining lifespan of a structure. Electro-mechanical impedance technique is an advance SHM technique using smart material. Unlike traditional, sensor-based, methods can only provide indirect data, like strain or load history, which doesn’t directly show level of damage whereas EMI techniques directly detect structural damage, which is obviously a more realistic approach. These lead-zirconium titanate transducers are used twice: as generators of stress waves and as the sensors that respond to these when they travel about the structure. Traditional EMI techniques can identify whether damage is present but cannot estimate the extent of damage. Statistical analysis techniques like root mean square deviation are employed for measuring the magnitude of change from the original or healthy state of the structure. However, RMSD will only indicate the level of damage but not locate it. This paper proposes a new approach to setting threshold levels for categorizing damage into stages incipient, moderate, and severe based on changes in the structure’s admittance signature. Experiments were conducted on a beam measuring 500×100×100 mm, with controlled artificial damage introduced to simulate varying levels of severity. As continuous damage increases, the equivalent stiffness decreases. By analyzing anomalies in stiffness changes, we can identify threshold levels of damage in incipient, moderate, and severe conditions. The established threshold levels not only support early damage detection but also facilitate more efficient maintenance interventions, ultimately saving lifecycle cost and enhancing overall structural reliability. These findings contribute to structural health monitoring and engineering applications, providing valuable insights for innovative research directions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"70 ","pages":"Pages 580-587"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144878828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced EMI-Based Evaluation of Structural Damage in Composite Fibre Concrete with Integrated Piezoelectric Sensors","authors":"Maheshwari Sonker ,&nbsp;Rama Shanker","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.07.080","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.07.080","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Composite fibre concrete offers enhanced strength, durability, and corrosion resistance, making it an attractive material for modern infrastructure. However, its performance can be compromised by damage such as micro-cracking, delamination, and fiber rupture. This research evaluates performance of the electromechanical impedance (EMI) technique using piezoelectric sensors to detect structural damage in composite fibre concrete. Standard cube specimens were prepared using ordinary Portland cement, Class F fly ash, and polypropylene fibers, and surface-mounted piezoelectric patches were employed for real-time monitoring. The EMI method, a non-destructive testing approach, measures changes in electrical impedance to identify damage. Systematic damage was introduced into the specimens, and impedance signatures were recorded over a frequency range of 30–400 kHz. Analysis indicated a strong relationship between the root mean square deviation (RMSD) index and the severity of cracks, with increased sensitivity observed at shorter sensor to the damage distances. Shifts in conductance signature curves provided additional insights, while a novel damage index scaled from 0 to 1 enabled quantitative assessment of damage evolution. Furthermore, evaluations of equivalent stiffness and damping parameters enhanced understanding of the structural response under degradation. Overall, the study demonstrates that the EMI technique, when integrated with piezoelectric sensors, is a reliable tool for real-time structural health monitoring, offering valuable information for maintenance planning and for extending the service life of composite fibre concrete structures. The results indicate that early detection of damage using the EMI method can improve maintenance planning and reduce risks of failure in composite concrete applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"70 ","pages":"Pages 477-484"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144878856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Failure Investigation of Single bolt Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Angle member with Gusset Plate under tensile loads","authors":"R. Krishnasamy ,&nbsp;N. Sakthikumar ,&nbsp;P. Indhiradevi ,&nbsp;P. Gokul Sarathi ,&nbsp;R. SivaSundar ,&nbsp;G. Rameshkannan","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.07.062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.07.062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) is a versatile material with many applications. It’s strength, lightweight and corrosion resistance make it a popular choice in various industries. GFRP is resistant to many chemicals and weathering conditions, making it suitable for outdoor and harsh environments. This study investigates the tensile behaviour of GFRP members with hybrid joints, combining the advantages of both bolted and adhesive connections. GFRP angle sections size 50x50x6 mm are joined using a combination of adhesive bonding and bolts with varying e/d ratios of 3, 4, 5 and 6. The focus is on the influence of edge distance to bolt diameter ratio (e/d) on the joint’s performance for different combinations such as A type (Steel bolt), B type (GFRP bolt), C type (Steel bolt with resin) and D type (GFRP bolt with resin). Tensile tests are conducted to determine the ultimate tensile strength, failure modes and behaviour of the joint combinations. This research aims to investigate the performance of GFRP angle connections with gusset plates under tensile loads for the different connections. The experimental results reveal the effect of the e/d ratio on the load-carrying capacity and failure mechanisms of the different connections. Increasing the e/d ratio is expected to improve the joint’s strength by reducing stress concentrations around the bolt holes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"70 ","pages":"Pages 343-349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144878990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Concrete with Nano-TiO₂ Particles using Compression and FTIR Methods","authors":"R. Mohanraj ,&nbsp;Nitin Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.07.064","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.07.064","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the effects of adding nano-TiO₂ (1–5%) to flash-based cement mortar on structural performance, chemical composition, and mechanical strength. Nano-TiO₂ (nano-titanium dioxide) is added in different amounts of 1% to 5% by weight of cement, while flash, a refined form of fly ash, is utilized as a 20% substitute for cement. Compressive strength tests, FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) spectroscopy, flexural strength tests, compression testing machine analysis, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis are used in the study to assess the material’s compressive strength, flexural strength, and structural composition. The findings show that while larger dosages cause particle agglomeration, which lowers efficiency, nano-TiO₂ at 2% dosage offers the greatest strength enhancement. The influence of nano-TiO₂ on the structure of cement mortar is validated by FTIR and XRD investigations, which confirm the changes in material composition. According to the study’s findings, adding nano-TiO₂ to flash-based cement mortar greatly increases its strength and durability, making it a good choice for high-performance and environmentally friendly building applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"70 ","pages":"Pages 358-364"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144878992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling the properties of shape memory alloys using machine learning methods","authors":"Oleh Yasniy ,&nbsp;Dmytro Tymoshchuk ,&nbsp;Iryna Didych ,&nbsp;Volodymyr Iasnii ,&nbsp;Iaroslav Pasternak","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.06.033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.06.033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, the properties of shape memory alloys (SMA), in particular nickel-titanium alloy (Nitinol), were modelled using machine learning methods. The strain of the material <em>ε</em> was predicted depending on the applied stress <em>σ</em> and the number of loading-unloading cycles <em>N</em> by boosted trees, random forests, support vector machines (SVM), k-nearest neighbors (KNN), and artificial neural networks (ANN) algorithms. Experimental data were used to train the models. The highest accuracy was achieved with the ANN, for which the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) was 0.29% for the loading period and 0.38% for the unloading period. Additional model validation at 127 cycles showed an error of 0.75% for the loading period and 0.92% for the unloading period. These results confirm the high efficiency of ANNs for predicting complex nonlinear material behavior, which can significantly reduce the number of experiments required to study SMA properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"68 ","pages":"Pages 132-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144580015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}