Carlo Rainieri , Danilo Gargaro , Matilde A. Notarangelo , Georgios Baltzopoulos , Giovanni Fabbrocino , Andrea Prota
{"title":"The new vibration-based Structural Health Monitoring system of the School of Engineering Main Building in Naples, Italy","authors":"Carlo Rainieri , Danilo Gargaro , Matilde A. Notarangelo , Georgios Baltzopoulos , Giovanni Fabbrocino , Andrea Prota","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Main Building of the School of Engineering at the University of Naples “Federico II” has been for years the core of an experimental program focused on structural and seismic monitoring for risk mitigation and management. The relevance of the case study is dictated by the architectural value of the building and its location in the active volcanic area of Campi Flegrei, which has been recently hit by several earthquakes associated with bradyseism. During some renovation interventions on the building, the former monitoring system installed in 2006 was removed and it has been recently replaced by a new up-to-date vibration based Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) system. The new SHM system has been implemented within the RETURN research project focused on multi-risk science to create resilient communities under changing climate. In that context, vibration-based SHM plays a pivotal role as a technology to enhance resilience in environments exposed to natural hazards. The present paper describes the SHM system in detail, reports some results, and remarks the role of OMA in the development of effective SHM technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"78 ","pages":"Pages 426-432"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147408266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alessandro Pisapia , Francesco Fabbrocino , Vincenzo Piluso
{"title":"Stiffness evaluation of floor diaphragms","authors":"Alessandro Pisapia , Francesco Fabbrocino , Vincenzo Piluso","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The in-plane deformability of diaphragms plays a key role in the seismic response of structures, particularly affecting the distribution of horizontal forces and the overall behaviour of the lateral load-resisting system. This study proposes a new theoretical approach to evaluate diaphragm deformability, based on a simplified yet rigorous mechanical model. The proposed method allows for a direct estimation of the diaphragm stiffness, accounting for the geometric configuration and mechanical properties of its structural components. In particular, two simple cases have been analysed: one regular single-storey building with three seismic resisting frames and another one with four seismic resisting frames. In order to evaluate the accuracy of the model, theoretical predictions have been compared with results obtained from a numerical model developed in SAP 2000 and by means of a simple linear analysis, showing good agreement and confirming the reliability of the approach for preliminary design assessments or rapid evaluation purposes. Finally, for the examined cases, the threshold values of the non-dimensional diaphragm stiffness have been derived according to the deformability limits prescribed by Eurocode 8. The proposed methodology offers valuable insights, especially into the seismic design and assessment of both new and existing buildings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"78 ","pages":"Pages 568-575"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147408277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arnas Majumder , Flavio Stochino , Andrea Frattolillo , Monica Valdes , Enzo Martinelli
{"title":"Strengthening of Masonry Walls Using Jute Fiber: Merging Structural and Thermal Upgrading/Retrofitting","authors":"Arnas Majumder , Flavio Stochino , Andrea Frattolillo , Monica Valdes , Enzo Martinelli","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the past five decades, man-made and synthetic fibers have dominated the market and have been used to strengthen masonry structures. This study explores the feasibility of using natural fibers, specifically jute fiber-based materials, to improve masonry walls’ structural and thermal performance through integrated upgrading/retrofitting. It thoroughly examines the application of jute nets (with mesh dimensions of 2.5 cm × 1.25 cm), jute fiber diatons, and jute fiber-reinforced composite mortar (containing 1% jute fiber by dry mortar weight) in masonry strengthening. The research assesses the impact of these materials on both the structural integrity and thermal efficiency of upgraded masonry walls. Remarkably, the use of Natural Fiber Textile Reinforced Mortar (NFTRM) led to an increase of more than 500% in the walls’ load-bearing capacity and improved insulation by 36%. Additionally, the study incorporates detailed crack pattern analysis under in-plane cyclic loading using advanced DIC techniques. Therefore, integrated upgrading/retrofitting has been demonstrated to be an ideal solution against seismic action while enhancing the energy efficiency of a building.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"78 ","pages":"Pages 364-371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147408283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preliminary Assessment of Self-Centring Steel Frame Systems with Energy Dissipation Devices","authors":"Michelle Gualdi , Andrea Belleri , Alessandra Marini , Simone Labò","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing emphasis on the resilience and sustainability of the built environment in modern building construction has led to the development of low-damage solutions such as rocking systems. In this context, the Life Cycle Thinking approach is essential to ensure both structural performance and the long-term environmental and economic sustainability of design decisions. Self-centring rocking systems minimize residual deformations and structural damage, enabling rapid post-earthquake recovery while reducing repair costs and resource consumption. This study investigates the application of re-centring rocking systems in lightweight steel structures. The focus is on the analysis of in-plane frames with controlled rocking mechanisms that include post-tensioned members and energy dissipators such as friction or viscous devices. A sensitivity analysis is performed to evaluate the structural response when different energy dissipation devices are integrated into the frame.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"78 ","pages":"Pages 207-213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147408290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francesco Bianco , Ernesto Grande , Maura Imbimbo , Marco Race , Valentina Tomei , Mehmet Yiğitbaş
{"title":"Cyclic bond behavior and end-of-life bio-recycling of FRP strengthening systems","authors":"Francesco Bianco , Ernesto Grande , Maura Imbimbo , Marco Race , Valentina Tomei , Mehmet Yiğitbaş","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fiber-reinforced strengthening systems, whether based on fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites or fabric-reinforced cementitious matrices (FRCM/TRM), are extensively used to improve the load-carrying capacity and ductility of concrete and masonry elements. As part of the SAFER-REBUILT project (“Sustainable Approaches for Earthquake-Resistant Rehabilitation Solutions for the Built Environment”), funded by the University of Bari Aldo Moro, this paper reports preliminary numerical and experimental findings focused on two interconnected goals. First, a finite-element framework is developed and validated to simulate cyclic bond degradation of FRP strengthening systems applied to concrete or masonry samples under repeated load–unload cycles. Second, an eco-efficient recycling strategy is assessed experimentally through a novel bioleaching and anaerobic-digestion process for the recovery and disposal of end-of-life FRP materials detached from their substrates. By coupling predictive bond-deterioration models with sustainable recycling techniques, this study establishes a holistic methodology to guide both the design of FRP retrofits and the environmentally responsible management of their lifecycle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"78 ","pages":"Pages 41-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147408210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emanuele Maiorana , Giorgio Conte , Bruno Briseghella
{"title":"Seismic vulnerability assessment of heritage-protected school buildings: experimental and numerical modeling approaches","authors":"Emanuele Maiorana , Giorgio Conte , Bruno Briseghella","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The safety assessment of existing structures constitutes a quantitative process aimed at evaluating a structure’s load-bearing capacity while ensuring compliance with current regulatory safety standards. Enhancing structural safety typically requires targeted interventions, ranging from localized modifications to comprehensive system upgrades. In the case of protected historical buildings serving social or strategic functions, this assessment was conducted through a systematic approach involving three key phases: first, a detailed geometric survey of all structural elements; second, comprehensive material investigations to characterize construction properties; and third, numerical modeling to evaluate seismic vulnerability and identify necessary performance improvements. This rigorous methodology generates substantial technical data requiring careful analysis and integration, often resulting in intervention strategies that demand extended planning and implementation periods due to the complex nature of historical structures. The work, through the methodology described above, applied to a historic complex in Vicenza, representative of many similar examples in Italy, highlights the need to explore all possible ways to satisfy many requests including make these buildings still useful to the community and at the same time make them safe from the point of view of seismic risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"78 ","pages":"Pages 57-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147408213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Seismic fragility assessment of a reinforced concrete building retrofitted with a rocking exoskeleton system","authors":"Parvane Rezaei Ranjbar , Osvaldo Pecorari , Massimiliano Ferraioli","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.079","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.079","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exoskeleton systems have emerged as a highly effective seismic retrofit solution, enhancing a building’s earthquake resistance while allowing it to remain in use during installation. To validate the performance of this retrofit strategy, seismic fragility curves provide a probabilistic means of estimating the likelihood of damage under different earthquake intensities. In this study, a self-centering, rocking steel-braced exoskeleton was designed to prevent major structural damage and minimize residual drift. The fragility curves were derived via Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA), which subjects a structural model to a suite of ground-motion records scaled through increasing intensity levels. IDA-based curves capture both the median capacity and the record-to-record variability, offering detailed probabilities of exceeding damage states from minor nonstructural cracks to total collapse. Results show that using IDA refines fragility estimates by incorporating nonlinear behavior and seismic record variability, and enables a more nuanced comparison of retrofit options. A real case study demonstrates that this exoskeleton shifts the fragility curves toward higher intensity thresholds, confirming its effectiveness in strengthening existing structures. By quantifying expected reductions in damage, the IDA-based approach facilitates performance-based decision-making for seismic retrofitting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"78 ","pages":"Pages 615-622"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147408332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xinpeng Tian , Yuchen Hu , Jan Sladek , Vladimir Sladek , Qian Deng
{"title":"Collocation Mixed FEM for 3-d Crack Analyses in Flexoelectric Solids","authors":"Xinpeng Tian , Yuchen Hu , Jan Sladek , Vladimir Sladek , Qian Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2026.02.044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2026.02.044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The collocation mixed FEM is developed for 3-d crack analyses in solids with the direct flexoelectricity. In the direct flexoelectricity the polarization vector is proportional to the strain gradients. In contrast to piezoelectric polarization, this phenomenon is occurring in all dielectric materials. Since the large strain gradients arise at the crack tip vicinity, the large flexoelectric effect is localized around the crack tip. A standard domain discretization method with the C<sup>0</sup> continuous approximations is insufficient for solution of boundary value problems, since strain gradients are occurring in constitutive equations. To deal with higher order derivatives in governing equations of the gradient theory, it is developed the collocation mixed FEM (CMFEM). In CMFEM the C<sup>0</sup> continuous approximations are applied independently to displacements and strains. The constraint between the independent mechanical strains and displacement is satisfied by a collocation method at considered collocation points on each finite element. The J-integral expression for 3D crack problems in strain-gradient piezoelectricity is derived in this paper. It is shown that 3D J-integral expression is supplied with some additional surface integrals in comparison with 2D case.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages 451-461"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147424308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of Tensile Properties of Single Flax Yarn Reinforced Biocomposite Materials using Poly(lactic acid) and Shellac under Loading Speed","authors":"Hideaki Katogi","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2026.02.045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2026.02.045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recently, natural fiber is used as reinforcement such as building, bridge and architecture. And some companies are announced about unidirectional natural fiber tape for product of sustainable development of goals. But strain rate dependence of biocomposite material using natural fiber yarn should be considered for safety of structure. In this study, effect of loading speed on tensile property of biocomposite material using single natural yarn was investigated for new products. Matrices were poly(lactic acid) and shellac resins. Tensile tests of biocomposite materials were conducted under constant room temperature and humility room. The crosshead speed was 10-100 mm/min. The environmental temperature was 20 °C. The humility was 65 %RH. The following result was obtained. Tensile strengths of all biocomposite materials increased with an increase of loading speed. Tensile properties of all biocomposite materials at 100 mm/min was higher those of all biocomposite materials. But the large fiber-pullout on the fracture surface of biocomposite material using shellac resins was noticeably found after tensile test at 100 mm/min. Their results implied that tensile property of biocomposite material was affected by adhesion and tensile properties of matrices under loading speed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages 462-470"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147424311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correlation between the structural geometry and damage localization of Triply periodic minimal surface-based ceramic unit cells","authors":"Thi Ngoc Diep Tran , Romana Piat","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2026.02.036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2026.02.036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inspired by porous structures in nature, artificial porous materials are manufactured for a wide range of applications. Compared with other porous structures, Triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) have the following significant features: the geometries can be completely expressed via mathematical functions; TPMS are periodic in three directions; the mean curvature of TPMS is zero, providing highly interconnected architecture, and TPMS can be easily printed as construction elements after microstructure optimization for prescribed loading. In the presented studies, the compression failure of four typical TPMS structures with the same volume fraction was investigated using Finite element (FE) analysis. They are Primitive, Gyroid, Neovius, and IWP. Considering the critical influence of structural geometry on failure behavior, a computational approach was developed to analyze the surface inclination angle and estimate the cross-sectional area within each TPMS structure. After that, the distributions of cross-sectional area, inclination angle, and damage localization were compared to assess their interrelated effects within each TPMS. The stress concentration along the cross-sections and throughout the inclined surface was also studied to understand the influence of local geometry on crack development. Finally, the crack propagation observed in this study was compared with experimental results to evaluate the geometric effect of unit cells on periodic structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"80 ","pages":"Pages 378-391"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147424728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}