Problemy radiatsiinoi medytsyny ta radiobiolohii最新文献

{"title":"DYSREGULATION OF AUTOPHAGY IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD LEUCOCYTES IS A FACTOR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INFLAMMAGING IN IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PERSONS ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE SERVICEMEN OF THE DEFENSE FORCES OF UKRAINE AND CLEAN-UP WORKERS OF THE CHORNOBYL ACCIDENT.","authors":"L M Zvarych, D A Bazyka","doi":"10.33145/2304-8336-2024-29-327-358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33145/2304-8336-2024-29-327-358","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the functional state and age-related characteristics of autophagy in peripheral blood leukocytes as a risk factor for the development of inflammaging using the example of the servicemen of the DefenseForces of Ukraine and clean-up workers of the Chornobyl accident.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 103 male patients aged 28-77 (56,48 ∓ 9,05) years were examined. They included: the main group - 23 servicemen of the Defense Forces of Ukraine aged 44-59 (50,21 ∓ 5,13) years; the comparison group - 57 clean-up workers of the Chornobyl accident aged 56-63 (60,31 ∓ 1,78) years; and the control group -23 civilians aged 28-77 (53,26 ∓ 15,98) years. The individuals in the main and control groups were divided according to age into subgroups under 50 years and over 50 years. Clean-up workers were divided into 3 subgroups depending on the radiation dose: І - D < 100 mSv, ІІ - 100 < D < 500 mSv and ІІІ - D > 500 mSv. Analysis of autophagyparameters in peripheral blood leukocytes (PB) was performed using flow cytometry and polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In patients of the main group, the autophagy activity factor (AAF) of granulocytes and the expression of theSQSTM1 gene in PB leukocytes decreased. A decrease in chloroquine-induced accumulation of LC3B protein in leukocytes, AAF in PB monocytes and the expression of the MTOR, RB1CC1 and MAP1LC3B genes was revealed in servicemenof the Defense Forces of Ukraine under 50 years of age. The spontaneous levels of LC3B protein and AAF in monocytesand the expression level of PIK3C3, ULK1 and MAP1LC3B genes in PB leukocytes were increased in servicemen of theDefense Forces of Ukraine over 50 years of age. The clean-up workers of different dose groups showed a decrease inthe AAF in lymphocytes and granulocytes, the LC3B level in monocytes after incubation with chloroquine, the expression of the MTOR, RB1CC1, SQSTM1, ULK1, MAP1LC3B, BECN1 and PIK3C3 genes in PB leukocytes, and the AAF of monocytes was higher. Similar changes were revealed in the indices of chloroquine-induced LC3B accumulation in lymphocytes and monocytes of the clean-up workers and servicemen of both age groups, as well as the spontaneous LC3B protein level in PB monocytes of the clean-up workers irradiated at doses above 100 mSv and civilians over 50 years old.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Unidirectional dysregulation of autophagy was established in the servicemen of the Defense Forces ofUkraine and the clean-up workers of the Chornobyl accident. The existing changes in autophagy parameters can leadto disruption of the functioning of the autophagic apparatus of leukocytes at the level of mRNA and protein, as wellas signaling pathways, and be associated with age-related changes at both the cellular and organismal levels. Theemergence of new and persistent earlier stress factors as a result of the war creates an additional load on the mechanisms of maintain","PeriodicalId":20491,"journal":{"name":"Problemy radiatsiinoi medytsyny ta radiobiolohii","volume":" 29","pages":"327-358"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142897046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE COURSE OF CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA AFTER SARS-COV-2 VIRUS INFECTION.","authors":"I S Dyagil, I V Abramenko, Z V Martina, N A Golyarnic, V V Brychenko, A V Movchan, A A Chumak, D A Bazyka","doi":"10.33145/2304-8336-2023-28-267-276","DOIUrl":"10.33145/2304-8336-2023-28-267-276","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective - to investigate the course of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in patients after SARS-CoV-2 virus infection taking into account anamnestic exposure to the ionizing radiation (IR).Methods. The study was performed in a group of 51 CLL patients who were admitted to the Department of Radiation hematology of the National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, from January 2020 (the beginning of SARS-CoV-2 epidemic) to August 2023. The group included 19 (37.3 %) clean-up workers of the Chornobyl NPP accident, 15 (29.4 %) inhabitants of radionuclide contaminated areas and 17 (33.3 %) IR non-exposed patients. The diagnosis of CLL was based on clinical history, lymphocyte morphology, and immunophenotypic criteria. Statistical studies were performed using the SPSS software package, version 20.0.Results. The diagnosis of CLL was established for the first time in 14 patients, in seven of them, CLL was diagnosed after 2-17 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection. In contrast to patients who did not suffer from a coronavirus infection, they had pronounced lymphadenopathy, which in some cases was accompanied by hyperleukocytosis, and needed early treatment. Thirteen patients with a previously established CLL were diagnosed with COVID-19 by PCR test. In seven of them (53.8 %) starting treatment was needed, or CLL has progressed. Seven of 51 patients (13.5 %) were vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. Then, four of them were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection, confirmed by a positive PCR test, and two patients had a relapse of CLL within 1-2 months after vaccination. Most of patients with signs of the influence of SARS-CoV-2 infection on CLL belonged to sufferers of the Chornobyl NPP accident Conclusions. The clinical features of CLL that developed after SARS-CoV-2 were characterized firstly. The negative impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on previously established CLL was established. The question about vaccination of CLL patients remains debatable.</p>","PeriodicalId":20491,"journal":{"name":"Problemy radiatsiinoi medytsyny ta radiobiolohii","volume":"28 ","pages":"267-276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139058591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CHARACTERISTICS OF NON-RENAL NORMOCALCIEMIC HYPERPARATHYROIDISM IN THE CHORNOBYL NPP ACCIDENT SURVIVORS.","authors":"O V Kaminskyi, O V Kopylova, D E Afanasyev, I G Chikalova, I M Muraviova, O O Dombrovska, O P Lischenko, L O Tsvet","doi":"10.33145/2304-8336-2023-28-316-328","DOIUrl":"10.33145/2304-8336-2023-28-316-328","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>to assess the hormonal and metabolic disorders in the Chernobyl nuclear power plant (ChNPP) accident survivors (AS), having got secondary normocalcemic non-renal hyperparathyroidism (HPT) in the late period upon exposure to ionizing radiation (IR).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The routine clinical, anthropometric, instrumental (thyroid and parathyroid diagnosticultrasound), laboratory (biochemical, hormonal), statistical methods were applied. In both prospective (n = 48, control group n = 19) and retrospective studies the data of 2,234 subjects including 1,372 irradiated adults (862 non-irradiated persons in the control group) were evaluated. Clinical consequences of exposure to IR on the endocrine system were evaluated in ChNPP AS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High prevalence of vitamin D lack or deficiency was established retrospectively in 81.8 % of the ChNPP AS and in 89.5 % of the control group subjects. In general, there was neither effect of exposure to IR on the vitamin D status in study subjects, nor any difference between the study groups. According to diagnostic ultrasound patterns the parathyroid hyperplasia was diagnosed in 629 cases (28.2 %). Among the ChNPP AS it was found in 32.7 % of cases (n = 450) vs. 20.7 % (p > 0.005) in the control group (a 1.6-fold difference). HPT diagnosed as serum parathyroid hormone content > 65 ng/ml was diagnosed in 123 cases (21.1 %) i.e. in almost every fifth person. Increased serum level of parathyroid hormone was found in the 94 ChNPP AS and in 25 persons of the comparison group. In other words, the frequency of HPT was 23.7 % among the AS being significantly more than in the comparison group (13.2 %, p < 0.005). Frequency of normocalcemic non-renal HPT was slightly different by years of observation with a trend to the year-by-year increase.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>High prevalence of vitamin D lack or deficiency was established in the ChNPP AS, being however independent of exposure to IR. Frequency of parathyroid hyperplasia/adenoma was 1.6 times higher in the irradiated subjects than in persons of the control group. Annual increase in frequency of the non-renal normocalcemic HPT was also revealed reaching nowadays 23.7 % among the AS, which is significantly higher than in the comparison group.</p>","PeriodicalId":20491,"journal":{"name":"Problemy radiatsiinoi medytsyny ta radiobiolohii","volume":"28 ","pages":"316-328"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139058647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LONG-TERM OUTCOMES OF SENTINEL LYMPH NODE BIOPSY VERSUS LYMPH NODE OBSERVATION IN MELANOMA PATIENTS.","authors":"M Kukushkina, S Korovin, O Solodiannikova, G Sukach, V Ostafiichuk, S Dedkov","doi":"10.33145/2304-8336-2023-28-513-518","DOIUrl":"10.33145/2304-8336-2023-28-513-518","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>evaluating the influence of sentinel lymph node biopsy without following completion lymph node dissection independent on sentinel lymph node status on the outcome in patients with skin melanoma.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Three hundred nine patients with a primary skin melanoma were randomly assigned to wide excision of the primary tumor and sentinel lymph node biopsy without following completion lymph-node dissection independent on sentinel lymph node status or to wide excision of skin melanoma. Low-dose interferon was administrated in the adjuvant setting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>5-year disease-free survival rate was (85.1 ± 3.0) % in the wide excision and sentinel lymph node biopsy group and (78.4 ± 2.4) % in the wide excision group (hazard ratio, 0.69; p = 0.006). 5-year overall survival rates were similar in the two groups: (88.6 ± 3.0) % vs. (85.1 ± 2.4) %, respectively; hazard ratio, 0.97; p = 0.42.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with skin melanoma increases disease-free survival rate without influence on overall survival, confirming the diagnostic, not therapeutical, value of this procedure.</p>","PeriodicalId":20491,"journal":{"name":"Problemy radiatsiinoi medytsyny ta radiobiolohii","volume":"28 ","pages":"513-518"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139058656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PREVENTION OF REPRODUCTIVE LOSSES ASSOCIATED WITH INTRAPLANTAR ACCUMULATION OF RADIONUCLIDES.","authors":"A A Zhyvetska/Denysova, I I Vorobiova, N V Rudakova, L A Lozova, O V Shamayeva, S K Stryzhak","doi":"10.33145/2304-8336-2023-28-468-485","DOIUrl":"10.33145/2304-8336-2023-28-468-485","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The materials of the article are based on the results of our past studies of morphological and immunohistochemical features of placental damage due to 137Cs incorporation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>to determine the effectiveness of radioprotective therapy in preventing reproductive losses and perinatal consequences associated with the incorporation of radionuclides in the placenta.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>According to the research design, the first group consisted of 153 women with reproductive losses in anamnesis and signs of termination of the current pregnancy. The control consisted of 30 women with a physiological pregnancy and an uncomplicated history. Based on the fact that one of the causes of premature termination of pregnancy is the vulnerable effect of 137Cs incorporated in the placenta, «Apple Pectin Antioxidant» (the «APA») with a high sorption potential was included in preventive measures regarding reproductive losses and perinatal consequences. The effectiveness of therapy with the inclusion of «Apple Pectin Antioxidant» was evaluated based on indicators of the fetoplacental complex and pregnancy scenarios. The results were compared with the effectiveness of standard treatment for habitual miscarriage of pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was established that the destructive effect of incorporated 137Cs leads to placental dysfunction and fetal distress. Therapy with the inclusion of «APA» more significantly than standard treatment increases the progesterone-synthesizing function of the placenta, microcirculation, adaptation potential, and antioxidant protection of cells with the efficiency of 7.5 %, 10.7 %, 17.7 %, and 43.4 %, respectively. «APA» has a positive effect on the scenarios of pregnancy. «APA» in the composition of therapy to preserve pregnancy contributed to a decrease in the frequency of premature births by 11.4 % and an extension of their term to 34 weeks of gestation. Extending the gestational age of preterm birth reduced the frequency of severe asphyxia by 18.7 %, hypoxic-ischemic central nervous system injury by 13.5 %, respiratory distress by 17.3 %, and intraventricular hemorrhage 2nd and 3rd degrees by 12.7 %.All children were born alive due to the preservation of the compensatory ability of the placenta.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Termination of pregnancy is a universal reaction of the mother and the fetus to negative exogenous and endogenous influences. Placental dysfunction is the most frequent cause of reproductive losses. Incorporated 137Cs is one of the factors that disturb the architecture of the placenta. Extreme effects depend on the number of incorporated 137Cs and the compensatory capacity of the placenta. Today, the possibility of internal exposure to 137Cs is associated due to consumption of agricultural products. Unfortunately, the level of food contamination with radionuclides remains higher than permissible. Living in an area with a standard ","PeriodicalId":20491,"journal":{"name":"Problemy radiatsiinoi medytsyny ta radiobiolohii","volume":"28 ","pages":"468-485"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139058660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ROLE OF CONTEMPORARY IMAGING METHODS IN RADIOTHERAPY PLANNING AND MONITORING OF GYNECOLOGICAL CANCER PATIENTS (REVIEW).","authors":"V S Ivankova, E A Domina, T V Khrulenko, L M Baranovska, O A Glavin","doi":"10.33145/2304-8336-2023-28-486-503","DOIUrl":"10.33145/2304-8336-2023-28-486-503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Radiotherapy (RT) and radiation oncology are of essential role in the clinical treatment of cancer patients. The widely available imaging modalities such as diagnostic ultrasound, computer-assisted tomography, and contrast-enhanced MRI are used in clinical practice for diagnostics and management planning. Moreover, these methods are also used to monitor the treatment upon RT. However, some diagnostic issues cannot be sufficiently resolved by the simple use of standard morphological imaging. Thus, positron emission tomography is gaining an increasing clinical relevance in the management of cancer patients undergoing RT, as it allows to visualize and quantify the tumor features at a molecular level, such as tumor metabolism or receptor expression, beyond simple morphological patterns shown by the conventional imaging. This review focuses on the recent and current advances in imaging techniques, including PET imaging, in the diagnostics and planning of RT in some cancers, namely in cervical cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":20491,"journal":{"name":"Problemy radiatsiinoi medytsyny ta radiobiolohii","volume":"28 ","pages":"486-503"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139058673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE ROLE OF RADIATION THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF PTCL-NOS.","authors":"I Kriachok, O Aleksyk, I Tytorenko, M Bushuieva, Y Moroz","doi":"10.33145/2304-8336-2023-28-504-512","DOIUrl":"10.33145/2304-8336-2023-28-504-512","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) are a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative disorders, accounting for about 10 % of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas. The most common subtype is peripheral T-cell lymphoma, unclassified (PTCL-NOS), accounting for about 26 % of all PTCLs. PTCL-NOS is associated with less favorable overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) compared with aggressive B-cell lymphomas. The role of radiation therapy in the treatment of PTCL-NOS is still not definitively defined. The results of many studies show that the addition of radiation therapy to the treatment regimen is associated with a significant improvement in survival in patients with early-stage PTCL-NOS, but in the later stages, the benefit of radiation therapy is not obvious.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>peripheral T-cell lymphoma, unspecified is a clinically and biologically heterogeneous disease with a poor prognosis. Since the role of radiation therapy is still unclear, a study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of radiation therapy in peripheral T-cell lymphoma, unspecified.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The work is based on clinical observations and treatment results of patients who were diagnosed between 2013 and 2023 at the National Cancer Institute (in the period from 2020 to 2023, patients were observed and treated as part of research). 56 patients were included in the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The work analyzed the immediate results of the treatment of patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma, unspecified depending on the stage and type of treatment, as well as the overall survival of these patients. When analyzing the overall response to the treatment of patients with I/II stages of the disease, it was proven that this indicator is higher in the group of patients who received chemoradiotherapy, compared to patients who received only chemotherapy (100 % versus 83.3 %), and this indicator was higher due to patients who demonstrated a complete response to therapy (75 % vs. 50 %). Analyzing the response to treatment of patients with III/IV stages of the pathological process, it was established that there was no difference in the overall response to treatment, the level of complete and partial response to treatment. Analysis of the overall survival of patients with I/II stages of the disease, with a median follow-up of 60 months, demonstrated a significant improvement in overall survival in the group of patients who received chemoradiotherapy compared to the group of patients who received only radiation therapy (median 48 vs. 22 months). Overall 1-year (78 % vs. 69 %), 3-year (64 % vs. 40 %), and 5-year (48 % vs. 35 %) were also higher in the chemoradiotherapy group. In the group of patients with III/IV stages of the disease, there was no difference in overall survival between patients who received chemoradiotherapy and patients who received only chemotherapy (median 16 vs. 13 months, 1-year survival 5","PeriodicalId":20491,"journal":{"name":"Problemy radiatsiinoi medytsyny ta radiobiolohii","volume":"28 ","pages":"504-512"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139058594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE STRUCTURE OF THE INCIDENCE OF ONCOHEMATOLOGICAL DISEASES IN ECOLOGICALLY DISADVANTAGED REGIONS OF THE DNIPROPETROVSK REGION FOR THE PERIOD 2006-2017.","authors":"I O Selina, I S Dyagil","doi":"10.33145/2304-8336-2023-28-404-415","DOIUrl":"10.33145/2304-8336-2023-28-404-415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>to conduct a comparative analysis of the incidence of malignant oncohematological diseases structure among the population of the 4 most ecologically disadvantaged cities of the Dnipropetrovsk region, taking into account the possible influence of various adverse environmental factors (radiation and chemical pollution of air, water and soil) for the period 2006-2017.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>1948 cases of acute myeloblastic and lymphoblastic leukemia, chronic myeloid and lymphocytic leukemia in residents of 4 cities of the Dnipropetrovsk region were analyzed, taking into account the possible influence of adverse environmental factors (radiation, air pollution, etc.). We used clinical and hematological data per patient and statistic information on these diseasis incidence in the region.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An analysis of the oncohematological patients incidence structure, namely: acute lymphoblastic (C91.0) and myeloblastic leukemia (C92.0), chronic lymphocytic (C91.1) and myeloid (C92.1) leukemia, over 12 years in environmentally disadvantaged cities of Dnipropetrovsk region have been conducted. A comparative analysis of the incidence of these diseases among the population of 4 cities of the Dnipropetrovsk region was carried out, taking into account the possible influence of adverse environmental factors (radiation, air pollution, etc.). An excess of the incidence rates of the above-mentioned oncohematological diseases for the period 2006-2017 was revealed in the cities of Dnipro, Kryvyi Rih, Kamianske and Zhovti Vody, where environmental factors significantly affect the increase in morbidity due to pollution mainly by radioactive and chemical substances.</p>","PeriodicalId":20491,"journal":{"name":"Problemy radiatsiinoi medytsyny ta radiobiolohii","volume":"28 ","pages":"404-415"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139058595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BRAIN AND EYE AS POTENTIAL TARGETS FOR IONIZING RADIATION IMPACT. PART V - ORGANIC AND FUNCTIONAL CHANGES CORRELATION ON THE EXAMPLE OF CERTAIN DISEASES.","authors":"P Fedirko, T Babenko, K Kuts, M Pilmane, A Yunga, N Garkava","doi":"10.33145/2304-8336-2023-28-431-443","DOIUrl":"10.33145/2304-8336-2023-28-431-443","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The question about correlation between organic and functional changes in persons, exposed to radiation is still insufficiently studied. Dynamics of morbidity for different forms and classes of non-tumour diseases periodisation, proposed by epidemiologists, suggests the identification of three main periods: «early» (the first 6 post-Chornobyl accident years); «distant» (12-21 years) and «late» (22-30 years). However, the correspondence this periodisation to the results of epidemiological data, without taking into account the clinical features of the diseases, may contribute to the impression, that in the first period after a radiation disaster functional disorders (or autonomic regulation disorders, etc.) prevail in all cases. Meanwhile, the data from ophthalmological and neurological studies, which we aim to demonstrate in this paper, rather indicate the presence of a significant morphological basis for the development of functional disorders in early period after a radiation disaster. The objective of this work is analyse modern experimental, epidemiological and clinical data on the correlation between organic and functional changes, characteristic of radiation cerebro-ophthalmological effects - radiation cataracts, age-related macular degeneration, cerebral small vessel disease, and neurocognitive deficits. Materials and methods. The criteria for inclusion in the analytical review were peer-reviewed publications in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and manually selected papers; the results of our own research were also used. An additional analysis of the results of examinations conducted in 1991-2004 was performed, which included a total of 11 123 persons irradiated as the result of catastrophy at the Chornobyl NPP. Results. In the first period of radiation cataract development, which is a specific consequence of radiation exposure, morphological changes (lens opacities) are observed, which lead to a decrease in visual function only later. Analysing the correlation between organic and functional changes in the development of diseases, for which ionising radiation exposure is a significant risk factor, we observe a similar picture. For example, CSVD associated with arterial hypertension may be a manifestation of accelerated aging associated with exposure to ionising radiation.Similarly, the initial signs of age-related macular degeneration in radiation-exposed individuals are usually manifested by changes in the morphology of the retina, choroid, and pigment epithelium in the macular area, while functional disorders in the form of decreased central vision and metamorphopsia, etc., occur later.</p>","PeriodicalId":20491,"journal":{"name":"Problemy radiatsiinoi medytsyny ta radiobiolohii","volume":"28 ","pages":"431-443"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139058646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COMORBID PATHOLOGY IN FATAL CASES DUE TO CORONAVIRUS DISEASE (COVID-19) IN VICTIMS OF THE CHORNOBYL NPP ACCIDENT.","authors":"V O Sushko, D A Bazyka, O O Kolosynska, L M Zvarych","doi":"10.33145/2304-8336-2023-28-416-423","DOIUrl":"10.33145/2304-8336-2023-28-416-423","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The victims of the Chornobyl accident, as well as whole population of Ukraine, have become the object of the COVID-19 pandemic in today's conditions. As of 01.01.2020, 108,898 victims had documented permanent disability (persons with disabilities) and, as a rule, suffered from 4-6 types of non-tumor chronic diseases of internal organs, primarily the circulatory system, as well as oncological and endocrine pathology, that significantly affect the course of COVID-19 in a severe scenario and contribute to death. This determines the relevance of the issue of the impact of comorbid pathology in fatal cases due to coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in victims of the Chornobyl accident.The Objective of the study was to study the nature and significance of comorbid pathology in the victims of the Chernobyl accident who died from COVID-19.Design, object and methods of the study - a retrospective non-randomized, comparative comprehensive analysis of the materials of 134 medical expert cases of male clean-up workers of the Chornobyl accident who died from COVID-19 in 2020-2022 during the pandemic was carried out. The analysis of the materials of expert cases included the study of clinically significant and morphologically confirmed pathological processes. The source of the data was the materials of the Central Interdepartmental Expert Commission of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine on the establishment of causal relationship of diseases, disability and death with the action of ionizing radiation and other harmful factors as a result of the Chernobyl accident.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the structure of comorbid pathology in the clean-up workers of the Chornobyl accident who died due to COVID-19 during 2020-2022, diseases of the circulatory system dominate, which occurred in 86.57% of cases of consideration of medical expert cases. AH complicated the course and contributed to the development of fatal consequences in 52.24% of cases, ChIHD - in 34.32% of cases. The consequences of acute vascular events in the form of post-infarction cardiosclerosis in patients with ChIHD contributed to death in COVID-19 in 29 (21.64%) cases.Cerebrovascular pathology represented by cerebral atherosclerosis was detected in 76 (56.72%) cases of death from COVID-19. Acute vascular cerebral events in the cerebral basin (ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes) contributed to fatal outcomes in 19 (14.18%) cases. The presence and course of diabetes mellitus also had a significant impact on the course and fatal mortality of COVID-19 - 24.63% (33 cases). Chronic respiratory diseases (COPD) influenced the course of COVID-19 and contributed to death in 6.72% (9) of cases, nephrological pathology (ChTIN) - in 2.98% (4) of cases, peptic ulcer disease of the duedenum - in 2.24% (3) of cases. More than half of the clean-up workers of the Chornobyl NPP accident who died due to COVID-19 had more than two severe chronic diseases of the comorbid component and thei","PeriodicalId":20491,"journal":{"name":"Problemy radiatsiinoi medytsyny ta radiobiolohii","volume":"28 ","pages":"416-423"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139058649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}