Problemy radiatsiinoi medytsyny ta radiobiolohii最新文献

{"title":"ON THE ISSUE OF RADON EXPOSURE IN THE EXISTING RADIATION SITUATION AT WORKPLACES.","authors":"T O Pavlenko, M A Fryziuk, O Ye Tarasiuk","doi":"10.33145/2304-8336-2024-29-152-162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33145/2304-8336-2024-29-152-162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>assessment of probable exposure levels from radon and NORM in workplaces within the context of justi fying radiation protection plans in an existing exposure situation.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Materials regarding the assessment of naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) con tent in tailing from mining and processing industries in Ukraine and assessments of contamination levels of industri al sites of oil and gas enterprises were used for estimating the probable range of effective doses (ED) of workers fromNORM at industrial enterprises. These materials were obtained as a result of research conducted by specialists from theRadiation Protection Laboratory of the State Institution «O.M. Marzіeiev Institute for Public Health of the NationalAcademy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine» (RP SI «IPH NAMSU»). The results of studies conducted by the StateInstitution «Ukrainian Scientific Research Institute of Industrial Medicine» (SI «UKRMEDPROM») were used for calcu lating the EDs of iron ore miners. Calculations of probable EDs of industrial enterprise workers were carried out usingmethodologies and recommendations from publications of the IAEA related to occupational exposure. Assessments ofexposure levels for office workers were based on measurements of indoor radon concentrations of first-floor premisesin multi-story buildings of industrial urban development from the laboratory's own databases. Radon measurements inindoor air were conducted using passive track etch radon detectors with an exposure time of at least 30 days.Calculations of EDs for office workers were carried out using dose coefficients and mathematical models from the ICRP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When workers are exposed to radon as a result of the technological process, radiation exposure is limitedby dose criteria. Using non-uranium miners as an example, it was shown that effective doses (ED) due to gammaradiation varied within a narrow range, ranging from 0.2 to 0.4 mSv/year, and were on average an order of magnitudelower than the radon component of the total ED for the two groups of mines, which amounted to 2.0-14.0 mSv/yearfor the Northern group and 0.3-0.8 mSv/year for the Southern group. For three underground worker specialties, radi ation EDs could potentially exceed the reference level of 6 mSv/year and fall under regulatory control. Potentialradiation EDs for workers at one of the Ukrainian oil fields were generally not significant (<0.1-1 mSv/year), exceptfor areas where used pipe storage and sludge settlers were located (70.0 mSv/year; 28.0 mSv/year at a distance of10 meters), near which dose limits for Category A personnel (6 mSv/year), falling under regulatory control, wereexceeded. Radon exposure in workplaces also includes the presence of workers in regular office premises on the firstfloors of multi-story buildings, where the main source of radon entry into the air is the underlying soil. For the mostresea","PeriodicalId":20491,"journal":{"name":"Problemy radiatsiinoi medytsyny ta radiobiolohii","volume":" 29","pages":"152-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142896627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STUDY OF DOSE FORMATION FOR THE POPULATION IN RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED AREAS OF ZHYTOMYR REGION BASED ON COMPREHENSIVE RADIATION-HYGIENIC MONITORING.","authors":"V V Vasylenko, M S Kuriata, V V Morozov, L O Lytvynets, M S Kramarenko, L P Misсhenko, A B Bilonyk, Z S Man, N V Piven","doi":"10.33145/2304-8336-2024-29-79-91","DOIUrl":"10.33145/2304-8336-2024-29-79-91","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>the research is to determine the main radiation-hygienic factors influencing the formation of radiation doses among the population of radioactively contaminated territories (RCT) in Zhytomyr region in 2024 and to analyze the dynamics of internal radiation doses based on original experimental studies conducted in reference settlements from 2012 to 2024.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In 2024, a comprehensive radiation-hygienic monitoring program was conducted in 11 settlements of Narodychi Territorial Community (TC): the Narodychi and the villages of Selets, Bazar, Rudnya Bazarska, Khrystynivka (Zone 2), Motiyki, Zalissya, Davydky, Radcha, Nova Radcha, and Grezlya (Zone 3). The comprehensive radiation-hygienic monitoring included the following activities: mobile WBC monitoring: 817 measurements (562 adults and 255 children); collection and analysis of food samples: 39 milk samples, 61 potato samples, and 57 samples of wild foods, analyzed for radionuclide content, including 137Cs and 90Sr; assessment of external radiation exposure in these settlements; surveys: 194 individuals were surveyed regarding the consumption volumes of locally produced foods from their own households and purchased foods from commercial networks. The study utilized dosimetric, radiochemical, and mathematical methods of analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The dynamics of internal exposure levels indicate a continued decrease in annual doses for residents of reference settlements, showing a 1.3-2.4-fold reduction compared to 2021 results. In 2024, the annual effective doses are primarily formed by internal exposure, not exceeding 1.04 mSv·year-1 in adults and 0.15 mSv·year-1 in children, under the RCT criterion of 1 mSv·year-1. Survey results show that the most consumed food products among residents of the surveyed settlements are dairy and vegetable products from household farms, as well as baked goods and flour-based products from the retail network. The most contaminated products with 137Cs are wild forest products, particularly berries and mushrooms. Milk from household or local farms is the second-largest contributor to internal exposure doses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The investigation into the formation of internal radiation doses revealed that the primary contributor to internal exposure for residents of the surveyed settlements in the Zhytomyr region remains the intake of 137Cs through forest products and milk.</p>","PeriodicalId":20491,"journal":{"name":"Problemy radiatsiinoi medytsyny ta radiobiolohii","volume":" 29","pages":"79-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142897018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DIAGNOSTIC AND CLINICAL ASPECTS OF NORMOCALCEMIC PARATHYROID HYPERPLASIA AND NON-RENAL SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM IN EXPOSED AND NON;EXPOSED TO IONIZING RADIATION INDIVIDUALS (LITERATURE REVIEW AND OWN RESEARCH DATA).","authors":"O V Kaminskiy, O V Kopylova, D E Afanasyev, I G Chikalova, I G Muraviova, L O Tsvet, V M Kolodiy, O Ya Pleskach, Yu O Kaminska, I O Kiseliova, N S Dombrovska","doi":"10.33145/2304-8336-2024-29-44-66","DOIUrl":"10.33145/2304-8336-2024-29-44-66","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parathyroids are the key regulators of calcium-phosphorus metabolism. By means of parathyroid hormone they respond to any changes in the serum level of calcium and phosphorus ions and determine the integrity of skeleton, affecting almost all systems and cells where calcium and phosphorus are involved in metabolism and/or signaling.Disorders of parathyroid function are associated with significant complications accompanying secondary hyperparathyroidism. Unfortunately, most medical practitioners and scientists underestimate the impact of parathyroid hormone excess and vitamin D deficiency. Usually, medical practitioners do not prescribe the assay of serum level of parathyroid hormone, which should be done as a screening test, so the disease remains unnoticed for a long time.In fact, the incidence of parathyroid disorders, namely hyperparathyroidism, is almost equal to the incidence of thyroid diseases and is more than 10 % for the entire population, depending on the observation groups (gender, age, exposure to ionizing radiation), as demonstrated in our previous studies. Thus, according to our data, the incidence of parathyroid hyperplasia is 24.3 % (with 50-70 % in children and adolescents) in the state of euparathyroidism, and incidence of normocalcemic hyperparathyroidism is up to 14.3 % in the average population of Ukraine. Today, we see much confusion in publications and available recommendations regarding diagnosis, pathogenesis, and course of parathyroid disease. It is often not taken into account that the strain in calcium-phosphorus system usually occurs due to the lack/deficiency of vitamin D, which is very common worldwide. Often a simple administration of vitamin D in optimal and individual dosages solves (prevents) the problem of hyperparathyroidism or reduces the aggressiveness of its course. Review of data from literary sources and results of own research on pathogenetic patterns and clinical course of parathyroid diseases was carried out, and it was determined that the lack/deficiency of vitamin D is the most common ground of development of hyperparathyroidism, which affects the formation of parathyroid hyperplasia or adenoma, and the process itself is of a gradual, staged clinical development.</p>","PeriodicalId":20491,"journal":{"name":"Problemy radiatsiinoi medytsyny ta radiobiolohii","volume":" 29","pages":"44-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142897043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TR53 AND IONIZING RADIATION: THE ROLE IN THE PATHOGENESIS AND PROGNOSIS OF THE COURSE OF ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA (literature review).","authors":"T F Liubarets","doi":"10.33145/2304-8336-2024-29-67-78","DOIUrl":"10.33145/2304-8336-2024-29-67-78","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The review presents literature data on the role of the ТР53 gene and ionizing radiation (IR) in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML).The violation of ТР53 functioning as a promoter of AML induction under the influence of negative external factors (IR, chemotherapeutic agents) was analyzed. New directions of AML stratification are presented, which will allow to optimize the future therapy and extend the life expectancy of this category of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":20491,"journal":{"name":"Problemy radiatsiinoi medytsyny ta radiobiolohii","volume":" 29","pages":"67-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142897047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SYNCHRONOUS COLON CANCER ASSOCIATED WITH IDIOPATHIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA. CLINICAL CASE.","authors":"O O Lytvynenko, B V Sorokin, I V Halchak, O P Lishchenko, V O Demianov","doi":"10.33145/2304-8336-2024-29-465-472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33145/2304-8336-2024-29-465-472","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present а rare clinical case of successful surgical treatment - combined left-sided hemicolectomy and cecal resection for colon cancer of two locations in a patient with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, which, in our opinion, is due to radiation exposure is presented. It is shown that the biological effects of long-term ionizing radiation on critical organs can have a diverse nature both in terms of the time of occurrence and in their structure, which requires an individual approach, the involvement of related specialists and the necessary medical preoperative preparation for precise planning of surgical intervention taking into account all possible risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":20491,"journal":{"name":"Problemy radiatsiinoi medytsyny ta radiobiolohii","volume":" 29","pages":"465-472"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142897044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STATE OF CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM IN SERVICEMEN OF UKRAINE ARMED FORCES AND EMERGENCY WORKERS OF THE CHORNOBYL ACCIDENT. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS.","authors":"D Belyi, O Nastina, G Sydorenko, N Kursina, O Bazyka, O Kovaliov, D Bazyka","doi":"10.33145/2304-8336-2024-29-311-326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33145/2304-8336-2024-29-311-326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To conduct a comparative analysis of cardiovascular system state in emergency workers (EW) of theaccident at the Chornobyl NPP and servicemen (SM) of Ukraine Armed Forces (UAF) who took part in the fightagainst russian military aggression, and to assess the role of military service factors on the development of cardiac pathology.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study included 81 male EW and 161 SM of UAF, who were examined and treated in thecardiology department of NRCRMHO from 2022 to 2024. The average age of the surveyed EW was (56.0 ∓ 2.5) years,and SM - (45.9 ∓ 8.8) years. According to modern standards, clinical examination, electrocardiography, Dopplerechocardiography (EchoCG) examination, and statistical analysis were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was found that among the examined people of both groups, who are now aged 50 to 60 years, EW at thetime hypertensive heart disease (HHD) and coronary heart disease (CHD) onset were younger than SM on average of7.5 and 5.4 years, respectively. Among EW there were more patients with HHD of stage III, angina pectoris of functional class (FC) III and heart failure (HF) of stage II according to NYHA, while among the FC there was a higher proportion of patients with HHD of stage II, FC II and HF I. In addition, 42 % EW had a history of myocardial infarctioncompared to 14.8 % of SM (р < 0.001), and EW had a higher proportion of patients with AV blocks (41.3% vs. 16.7%,р < 0.001). Echocardiographic parameters showed that EW compared to SM had a higher incidence of left ventricular dilatation, posterior wall and interventricular septum thickening, and, as a result, myocardial hypertrophy, particularly eccentric hypertrophy. It was found that the risk HHD developing during the war was 3.32 times higher inmobilized SM compared to the regular UAF, 2.41 times higher in SM who participated in combat, and 5.27 times higher in SM with shrapnel or bullet wounds. The risk of developing CHD was associated only with UAF staff: in mobilizedSM it was 3.84 times higher than in regular officers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The EW group differed from SM in a more severe course of HHD, CHD and HF, they had more severechanges in the structure of left ventricular myocardium. Most likely, this is explained by the fact that the incidenceof HHD and CHD occurs at a younger age, and therefore by the longer duration of these diseases, which led to moresevere pathological myocardial remodeling.</p>","PeriodicalId":20491,"journal":{"name":"Problemy radiatsiinoi medytsyny ta radiobiolohii","volume":" 29","pages":"311-326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142896976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF DEATHS AMONG PARTICIPANTS IN THE LIQUIDATION OF THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE ACCIDENT AT THE CHORNOBYL NPP DUE TO INJURY, POISONING AND CERTAIN OTHER CONSEQUENCES OF EXTERNAL CAUSES (2000-2020).","authors":"N V Gunko, P A Fedirko, S A Tereshchenko, N V Korotkova, G I Kortushin, I G Gubina, O S Dubova","doi":"10.33145/2304-8336-2024-29-92-114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33145/2304-8336-2024-29-92-114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the dynamics of changes in the number of deaths due to injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes and their structure among liquidators of the accident at the Chornobyl NPP (PACL) on the basis of the data of Ukraine's State Register of Persons Affected by the Chornobyl Disaster (SRU) for 2000-2020.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study used information resources of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine for 2000-2020 regarding deaths among the PACL - databases of the SRU as a basis for monitoring their health status. Depersonalised information was selected for 2000-2020 regarding 5,124 deaths from injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes (ICD codes S00-T98) among the PACL, who were monitored in healthcare facilitiesof the Ministry of Health of Ukraine. General scientific, demographic, mathematical and statistical, graphical, software and technological study methods and documentary analysis were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>5,124 deaths as a result of injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes in the PACL which were recorded with the SRU for 2000-2020 were retrospectively studied. Significant variations in changes in figures were found both between territories and by years of observation. It is shown that the age of the PACL at the time of death ranged from 32 to 92 years. The greatest losses during the period of observation were at the age of 49 and 51 years. In the dynamics of observation, the mean age of death due to external causes is gradually increasing from 45.2 (2000) to 64.3 years (2020), which is associated with the aging of the cohort. But the mean age of death for the study cohort for 2000-2020 was 54 years, which is the evidence of a significant number of premature deaths. The analysis of the structure of deaths in the PACL from injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes in 2000-2020 showed the prevalence of deaths from asphyxiation (an ICD code Т71) - 952 cases or 18.6 %, the toxic effect of alcohol (an ICD code T-51), 941 and 18.5 %, respectively, injuries to the head (ICD codes S00-S09) 917 and 17.9 %, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study proved that a trend towards the decrease in the number of deaths from injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes, which is common for the population of Ukraine, is also observed among the PACL. However, issues with respect to prevention of deaths among the PACL from injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes still remain topical, it especially concerns deaths due to asphyxiation and the toxic effect of alcohol.</p>","PeriodicalId":20491,"journal":{"name":"Problemy radiatsiinoi medytsyny ta radiobiolohii","volume":" 29","pages":"92-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142896997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANALYSIS OF DNA METHYLATION CHANGES IN MANIFESTATION OF DIRECT AND RESCUE BYSTANDER EFFECTS.","authors":"D A Kurinnyi, O V Zemskova, M G Romanenko, L V Neumerzhitska, M Yu Makarchuk, O E Kutsyk, S R Rushkovsky","doi":"10.33145/2304-8336-2024-29-199-212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33145/2304-8336-2024-29-199-212","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;to investigate changes in DNA methylation in bystander and inducer cells during the manifestation ofdirect and rescue bystander effects.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Separate and co-cultivation of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of 10 conditionally healthy individuals; γ-quantum irradiation (IBL-237C emitter); modified comet electrophoresis method (Comet assay) under neutralconditions using the methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme HpaII; fluorescence microscopy with an automatedcomputer software system for analyzing the results; statistical methods.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The level of DNA methylation in PBL was quantitatively assessed using DNA migration parameters inagarose gel: the length of the comet tail (in μm), the percentage of DNA in the tail part of the comet, and TailMoment (TM), which simultaneously takes into account both the amount of DNA in the tail part of the comet andthe length of the tail. In separate cultivation of PBL irradiated with γ-quanta (dose 1.0 Gy, power 2.34 Gy/min),a reliable decrease in the average values compared to the non-irradiated control was noted for the length of the«comet» tail ((57.03 ∓ 1.17) μm versus (66.64 ∓ 2.03) μm; p &lt; 0.001) and Tail Moment (67.77 ∓ 1.22 versus85.06 ∓ 2.30; p &lt; 0.001), which may indicate a decrease in the number of restriction sites of the methyl-sensitiverestriction enzyme HpaII and, as a consequence, an increase in the level of global DNA methylation. When thebystander effect is realized, the level of DNA damage in bystander cells increases, while there is a significantdecrease in the average values of the following parameters: the percentage of DNA in the tail part of the «comets»(p&lt;0.001), the length of the tail part (p&lt;0.001) and TailMoment (p&lt;0.001) compared to both the non-irradiatedcontrol and irradiated PBLs in separate cultivation, and indicates an increase in the level of global DNA methylation.As in irradiated lymphocyte cultures cultured separately, in inducer cells a reliable decrease in the mean values oftail length (p &lt; 0.01) and TailMoment (p &lt; 0.001) was observed compared to the control, which may indicate adecrease in the number of restriction sites and an increase in the level of global DNA methylation as a result of irradiation. Between inducer cells and irradiated cells that were cultured separately, no difference was found in themean values of all the studied parameters: the percentage of DNA in the tail part of comets (p &gt; 0.05), tail length(p &gt; 0.05) and TailMoment (p 0.05), which may indicate the absence of changes in the level of DNA methylationwhen a non-irradiated culture is exposed to an irradiated one during co-cultivation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The development of the direct bystander effect is accompanied by epigenetic changes, which are characterized by an increase in the level of DNA methylation in bystander cells. At the same time, in inducer cells,changes in the level of DNA methylatio","PeriodicalId":20491,"journal":{"name":"Problemy radiatsiinoi medytsyny ta radiobiolohii","volume":" 29","pages":"199-212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142896998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS OF MISCARRIAGE ASSOCIATED WITH THE INTRAPLACENTAL ACCUMULATION OF 137Cs.","authors":"A A Zhyvetska-Denysova, I I Vorobiova, L A Lozova, O V Shamaieva, S K Stryzhak","doi":"10.33145/2304-8336-2024-29-447-464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33145/2304-8336-2024-29-447-464","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The impact of the environment on human health in modern conditions cannot be underestimated. The study of thepathogenesis of disease is impossible without establishing the factors of destabilization of biological membranes.The article highlighted the problem of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense associated with the accumulationof radiocesium in the placenta.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;to determine the biochemical markers of miscarriage associated with the accumulation of 137Cs in the placenta.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;According to the research design, pregnant women were divided into groups. Group 1included 153 women with reproductive losses in anamnesis and signs of termination of the current pregnancy.Group 2 (control) included 30 women with an uncomplicated pregnancy and medical history. The women of Group1 were divided into subgroups: 1a - in which the pregnancy ended with timely delivery, despite threatening signsof termination; 1b - pregnancy ended in late premature birth; 1c - pregnancy ended in early premature birth.Accumulation of 137Cs with different activity was detected in the placentas of both groups by β-spectrometry. Theeffect of 137Cs is the activation of free radical processes. The strength of oxidative stress was studied by the contentof diene conjugates (DC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the blood. The antioxidant capacity was determined by theactivity of catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Biochemical studies were performed using a spectrophotometer «Specol-11» (Germany).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The increase of DC in the 1st trimester by 2.25 times, in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters by 1.25 and 1.5 times indicates the activation of free radical reactions. The trigger for late preterm births is an increase in MDA in the 1sttrimester by 17.4 %. An increase in MDA by 23.4 % in the 1st trimester indicates the risk of early premature birth andintrauterine death of the fetus. A decrease in the activity of SOD in the 1st trimester by 13.0 % can be a predictor ofpremature birth. Decreased activity of SOD by 18.2 % in the 1st trimester indicates decompensation of adaptationmechanisms. As a result of oxidative stress caused by the accumulation of 137Cs in the placenta, the activity of GSTdecreases almost 2 times. In the 1st trimester, catalase activity in the blood of pregnant women of the 1b and 1csubgroups was reduced by 39.2 % and 44.9 %. The dynamics of catalase in the 2nd trimester indicate the activationof adaptive reactions. After 25 weeks, catalase activity is inhibited in pregnant women of subgroups 1b and 1c dueto depletion of antioxidant protection mechanisms. The activity of 137Cs in the placenta above 4.5 Bq/kg causesdepletion of antioxidant mechanisms, which is confirmed by persistent inhibition of catalase and SOD activityagainst the background of high levels of DC and MDA in the blood. Critical for pregnancy is the activity of 137Cs inthe place","PeriodicalId":20491,"journal":{"name":"Problemy radiatsiinoi medytsyny ta radiobiolohii","volume":" 29","pages":"447-464"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142897039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PATHOGENESIS OF RADIATION COMPLICATIONS IN NORMAL TISSUES SURROUNDING AN IRRADIATED TUMOUR (review).","authors":"E A Domina","doi":"10.33145/2304-8336-2024-29-34-43","DOIUrl":"10.33145/2304-8336-2024-29-34-43","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The introduction of new radiation technologies in modern radiotherapy of cancer patients is still in some cases associated with the risk of developing early and distant complications in healthy tissues surrounding the tumour. The causes of their occurrence, pathogenesis and radiobiological characteristics are reviewed and briefly described. The rate of the manifestation of complications depends on the radiosensitivity of tissues and is determined by the amount of absorbed dose of ionizing radiation. In contrast to early complications, the development of distant radiation effects is irreversible and progressive. The features of early radiation complications are considered on the example of patients with gynaecological oncology, the incidence of which has been rapidly increasing in recent years. The interest of researchers in this pathology is due to the danger of developing complications from critical pelvic organs. Attention is focused on determining the individual radiosensitivity of the patients' body using the chromosomal G2 test to predict the development of post-radiation complications. The paper advocates for the necessity of developing nontoxic radioprotectors that would show affinity only to healthy tissues, would not require additional concomitant therapy and would definitely improve the quality of life of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":20491,"journal":{"name":"Problemy radiatsiinoi medytsyny ta radiobiolohii","volume":" 29","pages":"34-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142896593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}