PrimatesPub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-10-19DOI: 10.1007/s10329-024-01165-1
Jake A Funkhouser, Stephanie Musgrave, David Morgan, Severin Ndassoba Kialiema, Delon Ngoteni, Sean Brogan, Philip McElmurray, Crickette Sanz
{"title":"Chimpanzees employ context-specific behavioral strategies within fission-fusion societies.","authors":"Jake A Funkhouser, Stephanie Musgrave, David Morgan, Severin Ndassoba Kialiema, Delon Ngoteni, Sean Brogan, Philip McElmurray, Crickette Sanz","doi":"10.1007/s10329-024-01165-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10329-024-01165-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fission-fusion social systems allow individuals to make flexible choices about where, with whom, and in what contexts to spend their time in response to competing social and ecological pressures. The ability for fission-fusion societies to support individual behavioral strategies that vary across contexts has been suggested, but the potential function of such context-specific social choices remains largely understudied. We adopted the concept of social niche construction to explore possible differences in social complexity at the individual and group level across feeding contexts. Specifically, we examined patterns of co-attendance across two common ecological contexts in wild Central African chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) in the Goualougo Triangle, Republic of Congo. From data compiled over 6 years, we used multidimensional social network analysis to study the patterns of co-attendance generated from 436 group scans at Ficus and 4527 visits to termite mounds. These two contexts were chosen, because they are both fixed spatial features across the landscape that serve as well-defined points to compare association patterns. We identified context-specific social niche construction in a fission-fusion chimpanzee society that produce different patterns of relationships and social complexity that are consistent in their expression over many years, and offer functional benefits. While enhancing our understanding of chimpanzee behavioral strategies, culture, and conservation, our investigation also indicates that the social niche construction framework aids in elucidating the evolutionary advantages of fission-fusion sociality by accounting for intra- and interindividual variability, cognition, and choice in newfound ways.</p>","PeriodicalId":20468,"journal":{"name":"Primates","volume":" ","pages":"541-555"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11561109/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142473145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PrimatesPub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2023-01-19DOI: 10.1007/s10329-022-01045-6
Kristena E Cooksey, Crickette Sanz, Jean Marie Massamba, Thierry Fabrice Ebombi, Prospère Teberd, Gaston Abea, Gaeton Mbebouti, Ivonne Kienast, Sean Brogan, Colleen Stephens, David Morgan
{"title":"Predictors of respiratory illness in western lowland gorillas.","authors":"Kristena E Cooksey, Crickette Sanz, Jean Marie Massamba, Thierry Fabrice Ebombi, Prospère Teberd, Gaston Abea, Gaeton Mbebouti, Ivonne Kienast, Sean Brogan, Colleen Stephens, David Morgan","doi":"10.1007/s10329-022-01045-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10329-022-01045-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infectious disease is hypothesized to be one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in wild great apes. Specific socioecological factors have been shown to influence incidences of respiratory illness and disease prevalence in some primate populations. In this study, we evaluated potential predictors (including age, sex, group size, fruit availability, and rainfall) of respiratory illness across three western lowland gorilla groups in the Republic of Congo. A total of 19,319 observational health assessments were conducted during daily follows of habituated gorillas in the Goualougo and Djéké Triangles over a 4-year study period. We detected 1146 incidences of clinical respiratory signs, which indicated the timing of probable disease outbreaks within and between groups. Overall, we found that males were more likely to exhibit signs than females, and increasing age resulted in a higher likelihood of respiratory signs. Silverback males showed the highest average monthly prevalence of coughs and sneezes (Goualougo: silverback Loya, 9.35 signs/month; Djéké: silverback Buka, 2.65 signs/month; silverback Kingo,1.88 signs/month) in each of their groups. Periods of low fruit availability were associated with an increased likelihood of respiratory signs. The global pandemic has increased awareness about the importance of continuous monitoring and preparedness for infectious disease outbreaks, which are also known to threaten wild ape populations. In addition to the strict implementation of disease prevention protocols at field sites focused on great apes, there is a need for heightened vigilance and systematic monitoring across sites to protect both wildlife and human populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":20468,"journal":{"name":"Primates","volume":" ","pages":"557-569"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9849104/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9984045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PrimatesPub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-10-08DOI: 10.1007/s10329-024-01158-0
David Morgan, Richard Malonga, Marcellin Agnagna, Jean Robert Onononga, Valentin Yako, Jerome Mokoko Ikonga, Emma J Stokes, Crepin Eyana Ayina, Jake A Funkhouser, Kathryn Judson, Jakob Villioth, Tomoaki Nishihara, Crickette Sanz
{"title":"A brief history of primate research in the Ndoki forest.","authors":"David Morgan, Richard Malonga, Marcellin Agnagna, Jean Robert Onononga, Valentin Yako, Jerome Mokoko Ikonga, Emma J Stokes, Crepin Eyana Ayina, Jake A Funkhouser, Kathryn Judson, Jakob Villioth, Tomoaki Nishihara, Crickette Sanz","doi":"10.1007/s10329-024-01158-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10329-024-01158-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Nouabalé-Ndoki National Park (NNNP) in Republic of Congo has become a beacon for conservation in Central Africa. This manuscript documents the arrival of primatologists, the establishment of field stations and major discoveries in primate behavior and ecology. Field stations were strategically established to study primate behavior in a variety of different contexts from stationary platforms to forest follows of habituated groups. The implementation of new technologies and analyses have also been a hallmark of research at Ndoki. Scientists are shaping a new era in primatology at NNNP by building on past successes and promoting the next generation of Congolese conservationists to address environmental challenges. Results have proven crucial in discussions with government and industry and led to conservation gains such as the inclusion of the intact forests of the Goualougo and Djéké Triangles into the NNNP. The research stations have also become essential for developing a long-term certified sustainable international gorilla tourism program. Despite the many advancements for conservation such as increased protection of forests, development of internationally recognized protocols and large-scale capacity building initiatives, there are reasons for considerable concern in the near- and long-term for primates and their forest habitats in the Ndoki landscape. To address these concerns, we emphasize the long history of forming partnerships with local communities. We also discuss shared overlap featuring multicultural and environmental use of forest resources that is likely to be crucial in championing the conservation of the Ndoki forests for the next 25 years and beyond.</p>","PeriodicalId":20468,"journal":{"name":"Primates","volume":" ","pages":"439-456"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142392683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PrimatesPub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-10-16DOI: 10.1007/s10329-024-01159-z
David Morgan, Claudia Stephan, Crickette Sanz
{"title":"Twenty-five years of primate research in the Ndoki forest, Republic of Congo.","authors":"David Morgan, Claudia Stephan, Crickette Sanz","doi":"10.1007/s10329-024-01159-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10329-024-01159-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20468,"journal":{"name":"Primates","volume":" ","pages":"433-438"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142473148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PrimatesPub Date : 2024-09-17DOI: 10.1007/s10329-024-01155-3
Frederic Gnepa Mehon, Klaus Zuberbühler, Claudia Stephan
{"title":"Population differences in putty-nosed monkey (Cercopithecus nictitans) call order","authors":"Frederic Gnepa Mehon, Klaus Zuberbühler, Claudia Stephan","doi":"10.1007/s10329-024-01155-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10329-024-01155-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Non-human primates generally lack the ability to learn new call structures or to substantially modify existing ones, suggesting that callers need alternative mechanisms to convey information. One way to escape the constraints of limited vocal control is by assembling calls into variable sequences, as has been documented in various animal species. Here, we were interested in the flexibility with which different calls might be assembled in a species known for its meaningful call order, putty-nosed monkeys (<i>Cercopithecus nictitans</i>). Since most information comes from studies conducted at Gashaka Gumti National Park (Nigeria), we tested two further populations in the Nouabalé-Ndoki National Park (Republic of the Congo) and Taï National Park (Côte d’Ivoire) in how males responded to common threats, leopards, and crowned eagles. As predicted, callers produced the same basic call types as seen elsewhere—long ‘pyow’, short ‘pyow’ (‘kek’), ‘hack’—but populations differed in how males assembled calls. To leopards, males from both populations started with ‘pyows’ and ‘keks’, with occasional hacks later, as already reported from Gashaka. To crowned eagle, however, Nouabalé-Ndoki males consistently initiated their responses with ‘pyows’, whereas neither Taï nor Gashaka males ever did, demonstrating that nonhuman primates have some control over sequence production. We discuss possible mechanisms to account for the population differences, predation pressure, and male–male competition, and address implications for linguistic theories of animal call order, notably the Urgency and Informativity Principles.</p>","PeriodicalId":20468,"journal":{"name":"Primates","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142265951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PrimatesPub Date : 2024-09-16DOI: 10.1007/s10329-024-01153-5
Frédéric Gnepa Mehon, Daniel N’zoulou Kiminou, Claudia Stephan
{"title":"Seasonal variation and group size effects in putty-nosed monkeys’ (Cercopithecus nictitans) heterospecific associations in the Nouabalé-Ndoki National Park","authors":"Frédéric Gnepa Mehon, Daniel N’zoulou Kiminou, Claudia Stephan","doi":"10.1007/s10329-024-01153-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10329-024-01153-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Many non-human primates form heterospecific associations to increase benefits resulting from group living like antipredation defence and increased foraging efficiency while avoiding costly resource competition that usually arises from large conspecific groups. Previous studies provided profound insight into how these benefits are obtained and what behavioural changes might be elicited through association formation. What remains widely unknown are factors that could account for intra-specific variation in association patterns. For instance, we are still widely lacking a comprehensive assessment of how group size and seasonality affect heterospecific associations across larger number of groups within a species. The current study monitored more than 20 groups of putty-nosed monkeys (<i>Cercopithecus nictitans</i>), a forest guenon known to be frequently in association with other monkey species, for 37 months in the Nouabalé-Ndoki National Park, Republic of Congo. Amongst the five primate species observed in association with <i>C. nictitans</i>, grey-cheeked mangabeys (<i>Lophocebus albigena</i>) and crowned monkeys (<i>C. pogonias</i>) were the most frequently encountered association partners. We did not find any effect of seasonality on association rates. However, larger <i>C. nictitans</i> groups were substantially more in association with <i>L. albigena</i> and <i>C. pogonias</i> than smaller groups during the main dry season. We argue that our findings suggest a major impact of antipredation benefits of heterospecific troops including <i>C. nictitans</i> during periods of increased vulnerability. We discuss how knowledge about variations in association patterns may help to adjust conservation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20468,"journal":{"name":"Primates","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142265853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PrimatesPub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2024-06-17DOI: 10.1007/s10329-024-01140-w
Júlia Vieira Herter, Rodrigo Meneses de Barros, Marcelo Ismar Silva Santana, Maria Clotilde Henriques Tavares, Márcio Botelho de Castro, Paula Damasceno Gomes, Líria Queiroz Luz Hirano
{"title":"Analysis of palmprints and soleprints of black-tufted marmosets (Callithrix penicillata): are there similarities to humans?","authors":"Júlia Vieira Herter, Rodrigo Meneses de Barros, Marcelo Ismar Silva Santana, Maria Clotilde Henriques Tavares, Márcio Botelho de Castro, Paula Damasceno Gomes, Líria Queiroz Luz Hirano","doi":"10.1007/s10329-024-01140-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10329-024-01140-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Friction ridges are important and unique biometric features that have been studied in fingerprint science since antiquity and used for human identification. This study aimed to analyze palmprints and soleprints of Callithrix penicillata, including the description of flexion creases, regions, minutiae classification, and delta counting, in order to evaluate the uniqueness of these data and feasibility of using this information as an identification method. Palmprints and footprints were collected using commercial fingerprint ink on A4 size paper. Following image digitalization using the GIMP (2.10.14) image editing program, regions and flexion creases were identified. A total of 600 minutiae were classified in females (288 palms and 312 soles) and 732 in males (360 palms and 372 soles), and all deltas were counted. It was possible to identify three main inconstant flexion creases, in both palmprints and soleprints, with different distribution and orientation when compared to those in humans. Less variety in the types of minutiae and differences in the distribution of deltas were found when compared to human studies. In addition, the hypothesis of non-coincident characteristics in each sample was confirmed.</p>","PeriodicalId":20468,"journal":{"name":"Primates","volume":" ","pages":"421-429"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141331628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PrimatesPub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2024-08-07DOI: 10.1007/s10329-024-01147-3
Malika Gottstein, Citlalli Morelos-Juárez, Colleen M Schaffner, Filippo Aureli
{"title":"Same-sex sexual behavior in brown-headed spider monkeys (Ateles fusciceps fusciceps) during grappling between two subadult males.","authors":"Malika Gottstein, Citlalli Morelos-Juárez, Colleen M Schaffner, Filippo Aureli","doi":"10.1007/s10329-024-01147-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10329-024-01147-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sexual behavior in animals fulfills reproductive and social functions, extending beyond the traditional focus on reproduction. Same-sex sexual behavior, defined as genital contact or manipulation between individuals of the same sex, occurs in various primate species. In spider monkeys, grappling, a behavior involving prolonged mutual embraces, face greeting, tail intertwining, and genital manipulation, occurs primarily between males. Here, we report a novel incidence of same-sex sexual behavior and grappling between two subadult male brown-headed spider monkeys (Ateles fusciceps fusciceps). Our observation contributes to the understanding of the social functions of sexual behavior and to the broader appreciation of primate sexuality.</p>","PeriodicalId":20468,"journal":{"name":"Primates","volume":" ","pages":"379-382"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11335772/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141898102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}