Land Degradation & Development最新文献

{"title":"Optimal Level of Straw Addition After the Autumn Harvest for Black Soil Aggregate Stability","authors":"Yu Li, Yu Fu, Jinzhong Xu, Chen Zhang, Yupeng Zhang, Hanzhe Lei, Xiaoya Zhang","doi":"10.1002/ldr.5514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.5514","url":null,"abstract":"In Northeast China, straw residues are integrated into fields to improve the soil structure and fertility after the autumn harvest. However, the optimal amount of straw addition is unclear. To determine whether an increase in straw addition is correlated with an increase in soil aggregate stability, the study focused on black cropland soil and was conducted through field incubation experiment (lasting 150 days) during seasonal freeze–thaw periods, implemented six different straw treatments: CK (0%), SA1 (1%, i.e., 10 g of straw per kg of soil), SA3 (3%), SA5 (5%), SA7 (7%), and SA9 (9%). The results revealed that under freeze–thaw conditions, aggregate stability significantly increased only when the straw addition amount was ≥ 5%. At this straw addition level, straw residues enhanced aggregate stability in two ways. First, the straw decomposition significantly increased SOC content, which serves as a binding substance for aggregates and promotes the formation of aggregates > 0.25 mm. Second, straw particles combined with soil particles to form straw-soil composite macro-aggregates that exhibited high water stability. However, aggregate stability was not positively correlated with the straw addition amount. This was because 5% straw addition was sufficient for the soil to reach carbon saturation, and the SOC content showed no significant change with further increasing straw addition. Moreover, excessive straw addition not only led to nitrogen limitation and slowed down the straw decomposition rate but also wasted straw resources. Therefore, 5% straw addition is optimal for improving soil aggregate stability. These findings provide a theoretical basis for how to improve the soil structure and fertility through the rational design of autumn straw return measures, thereby improving soil conditions for spring sowing and seedling emergence in Northeast China.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143385829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality Indicators to Subsidize Soil Conservation Under Pasture in Brazil","authors":"Adriana Monteiro da Costa, Luís Filipe Sanches Fernandes, Fernando António Leal Pacheco, Carlos Alberto Valera","doi":"10.1002/ldr.5504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.5504","url":null,"abstract":"The management of cultivated areas has been the subject of scientific and political debate because of its adverse effects on soil health and associated ecosystem services. A route to bring degraded cultivated areas back to sustainable production systems includes implementing adequate management practices and, in parallel, monitor their results. Monitoring must be based on the periodical evaluation of soil quality indicators. The selection of indicators is, however, a challenge, because suited indicators must be simultaneously rigorous and practical to assess in the field. Thus, the aim and novelty of this study was to summarize soil quality indicators dispersed in the scientific literature, and propose an assortment of those capable of being used in soil conservation policies and management plans considering the aforementioned requisites. To our best knowledge, this kind of exhaustive summary with focus on policy and management is lacking. To accomplish the proposed goal, a systematic literature review was carried out using the Scopus database. The selection of articles followed the guidelines of PRISMA methodology (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). The results revealed that, indicators such as organic carbon, soil structure assessments, and erosion monitoring are practical for public policy due to their cost-effectiveness and ease of field application. Besides, they are suited for evaluation through technologies like remote sensing and portable sensors. Additional results from the review exposed that the current understanding of soil quality across the various Brazilian biomes is limited by geographic and methodological biases in the existing studies, and that it is essential to invest in infrastructure, methodological standardization and stakeholder training to fill in those gaps. Finally, the present review emphasized the need to conduct future studies based on interdisciplinary collaboration, as measure to reach a common language a view over how to assess and use indicators as proxies of soil quality and health, and ultimately to promote sustainable land use and soil conservation in Brazil.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143385832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adjusted ∆NBR Index Thresholds for Forest Fire Severity Mapping: A Study in Central Amazonia","authors":"Camila Julia Pacheco Ramos, Paulo Maurício Lima de Alencastro Graça, Philip Martin Fearnside","doi":"10.1002/ldr.5466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.5466","url":null,"abstract":"The 2006 study of fire severity in coniferous forest by Key and Benson derived threshold values of the Delta Normalized Burn Ratio (∆NBR) for interpreting satellite imagery of fire scars, and ∆NBR has been widely used for forest fire severity worldwide. We hypothesized that these thresholds underestimate the severity of fires of tropical forests. Our goal was to find appropriate thresholds to map fire severities in the central Amazon and evaluate trends in recent years. These forests are increasingly threatened by deforestation, severe droughts and wildfires. We adjusted the ∆NBR decision thresholds using new methods that are relatively fast and cheap, with a combination of field data, hemispherical photographs of the opening of the forest canopy with different fire severities, and the use of Landsat data for fires that occurred in 2015 images. The agreement between the classification of severity in the field and the classification by the adjusted ∆NBR thresholds was satisfactory (overall accuracy = 74.2%; Kappa coefficient = 0.635). Using the Key & Benson thresholds resulted in a Kappa value of only 0.184, and the severity classification would be underestimated. We applied the new threshold values to map forest fire severity in the central Amazon from 1995 to 2017. The year 2015 had the greatest area of fire, of which 60.7% was classified as moderate, 19% as high, and 20% as low severity. The results corroborate the importance of adjusting decision thresholds for each study area to classify fire severity using ∆NBR.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Soil Properties, Organic Carbon, and Nutrient Stocks After Land‐Use Change From Forests to Grasslands in Kumaun Himalaya, India","authors":"Archana Fartyal, Surendra Singh Bargali, Kiran Bargali, Bhawna Negi","doi":"10.1002/ldr.5507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.5507","url":null,"abstract":"Land‐use changes are anticipated to be a substantial contributor to global change climate, substantially causing significant modifications in soil characteristics. This study addressed the impact of land‐use change from native forests to grasslands on the soil physico‐chemical properties in entirely replicated grasslands of three different forest zones (Oak, Pine and Cypress) in temperate region of Kumaun Himalaya. A total of 162 soil samples (6 sites × 3 plots × 3 seasons × 3 depths = 162 samples) were randomly collected from each site in triplicates from depths. The soil texture, bulk density (bD), porosity, water holding capacity, soil moisture content, pH, organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (P) and available potassium (K) were determined at different depths in forest and grassland sites. Results showed that soil bD, pH, SOC, TN, P and K significantly (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) decreased with increasing depth. Moreover, conversion of forests into grassland reduced nutrient concentrations, physical qualities (bD and porosity), and pH levels. The decreasing trend of nutrient along the soil depth explains that the zone of nutrient accumulation is not well established in these grasslands because of the substantial leaching effect. Our findings indicate that conversion of natural forests into grasslands resulted in significant losses of SOC and TN stocks which can be attributed to the disturbance of natural forests. Therefore, while making land‐use change plans, the impact of these alterations on soil nutrients must be considered. These findings emphasize the value of establishing natural vegetation (forests) in these areas to retain nutrients and safeguard soil against runoff and erosion. However, anticipating the physico‐chemical impacts of land‐use alteration necessitates a better comprehension of its relations with other drivers of global change, such as changing climate and nitrogen deposition.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"164 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissolved Organic Matter Within Soil Aggregates in Forest Restoration: Insights From Optical Properties","authors":"Gui-bang Zhang, Qing-wei Zhang, Wen-xuan Kuan, Jian Wang, Jun'e Liu, Hao Wang, Ming Li","doi":"10.1002/ldr.5509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.5509","url":null,"abstract":"Forest restoration with <i>Robinia pseudoacacia</i> L. has many benefits, and dynamics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) might provide insight into soil restoration. Nevertheless, studies regarding the changes in the DOM within soil aggregates during artificial forest restoration are relatively limited in semiarid regions. Soil aggregates were collected from the topsoil, middle soil, and subsoil layers (i.e., 0–20, 30–50, and 80–100 cm) at six forests (i.e., <i>R. pseudoacacia</i> L.) lands with various restoration ages in a typical semiarid region. The variations of DOM properties in silt + clay size classes, microaggregates and macroaggregates (i.e., &lt; 0.053 mm, 0.053–0.25 mm, and &gt; 0.25 mm) were explored by UV–visible and three-dimensional excited emission matrix spectral. Overall, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content (41.24–119.82 mg kg⁻¹) of soil aggregates generally increased with restoration age. The DOC content in topsoil aggregates was 3.11–7.13 times larger than those from the other two soil layers. The molecular weight, aromaticity degree, and humification degree had the same trends as that of DOC content with soil depth. The DOC content and aromaticity degree of DOM in macroaggregates were 1.26–4.27 times and 1.01–1.18 times higher than those in microaggregates and silt + clay size classes at most soil layers, respectively. These variations in DOM within soil aggregates were primarily attributed to the changes in soil texture and the densities of plant roots and litter during the forest restoration. The study reveals the positive impact of forest restoration on the increase of DOC content, providing scientific evidence for soil management.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"79 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143258370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Ecological Barrier Area Sustainability Integrating Ecosystem Service Interaction and Social–Ecological System Coupling","authors":"Sinan Li, Junwei Pu, Xiaodong Deng, Baiyu Dong, Yue Su","doi":"10.1002/ldr.5506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.5506","url":null,"abstract":"Ecological barrier areas are the natural area with special ecological functions, and play a vital role in maintaining the global ecological balance, protecting biodiversity, and regulating climate. They also profoundly affect the local social system and the inhabitants' lifestyle. Mitigating trade-offs between distinct ecosystem services and enhancing social–ecological system coupling are essential for the sustainable development of ecological barrier areas. However, the lack of integrating them on topographical gradient features compromises our ability to design precise interventions for regional sustainability. Taking the Sichuan-Yunnan Ecological Barrier area as a case area, this study developed a management approach by integrating ecosystem service interactions and social–ecological system coupling under multidimensional topographical gradients to provide a reference for assessing and improving the sustainability of the ecological barrier area. The results demonstrated that during 2010–2020, topography played a key role in shaping ecosystem service interactions, with the hilly area showing the highest synergistic level for multiple service pairs. The high and highest relief mountain areas had the lowest coupling index of the social–ecological system; this coupling index decreased rapidly in the flatter areas, while it increased in the low and middle relief mountain areas. Based on the above multi-dimensional characteristics, six sustainable development zones were subdivided for formulating differentiated management strategies and improving regional sustainability. This research provides essential insights for improving the sustainability of ecological barrier area regarding differentiated territorial spatial management strategies, and delivers guidance for coordinating relationships between social and ecological systems in other similar areas.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"140 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143258321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Evaluation Approach for Land Sustainable Management and Carrying Capacity of Clustered Mining Area in the Cement City of South India","authors":"E. Kumar, T. Subramani, P. Gopinathan","doi":"10.1002/ldr.5501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.5501","url":null,"abstract":"In today's global context, sustainability is a crucial factor for both emerging and established industries, including mining. The sector significantly affects social, economic, and environmental dimensions, creating job opportunities that can boost regional income while also contributing to adverse environmental consequences such as air and water pollution, land degradation, and soil contamination. This study employs dynamic modelling and evaluation techniques to examine the interplay between social, economic, and environmental factors, focusing on the sustainability of mining in Ariyalur district, Tamil Nadu. The findings indicate that Ariyalur district has achieved a nearly optimal state of sustainability, with the sustainable development index rising from 0.880 in 2016–0.921 by 2030. The sustainable development index intends to provide a holistic view on the social, economic, and environmental status of the region. This increase underscores the potential for enhanced carrying capacity in the region, allowing for future mineral production without compromising sustainability. These results provide valuable insights for policymakers and industry stakeholders aiming to balance economic growth with environmental stewardship. The proposed model serves as a framework for evaluating sustainability across various industries, highlighting the importance of integrated approaches in resource management.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143124896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agro-Forestry Integrated Management of Karst Rocky Desertification Control: The Model Establishment and Practices in South China","authors":"Maoyin Sheng, Chunmei Yang, Linjiao Wang","doi":"10.1002/ldr.5503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.5503","url":null,"abstract":"Karst rocky desertification (KRD) has become the most serious ecological environmental problem in South China. Since 2008, the Chinese government has implemented a special project for KRD control. Because there are large populations in KRD areas of South China who need to survive, KRD control must not only pay attention to the ecological effects of vegetation restoration but also take into account the economic benefits and industrial effects of the local populations' survival needs. Agro-forestry integrated management can produce remarkable economic effects in vegetation restorations and can play an important role in KRD control. In this review, firstly, the KRD hazards and control in South China were reviewed. The features and advantages of agro-forestry integrated management were concluded. Then, based on a typical case in South China, the model establishment and practice of agro-forestry integrated management for KRD control were introduced. The case results showed that agro-forestry integrated management achieved remarkable ecological and economic benefits in KRD control. Finally, the existing challenges and their optimization strategies of the agro-forestry integrated management for KRD control were provided. This review provides important clues for scientific KRD control and is of great significance for the sustainable development of the karst region in South China.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143124895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Historical Variation in Carbon Fractions in Permafrost Peatland and Its Effects on Peatland Carbon Pool","authors":"Jinxin Cong, Guangxin Li, Dongxue Han, Guoping Wang, Chuanyu Gao","doi":"10.1002/ldr.5497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.5497","url":null,"abstract":"Permafrost peatlands store high amount of soil carbon. These developed on permafrost layers, which are being endangered increasingly by climate change and wildfires. However, limited data exist on the variation in carbon fractions and their effects on the stability of permafrost peatland carbon pools, despite that carbon fractions are widely used in other ecosystems. Here, we considered that peat soils consist of undecomposed plant litter and separated these into five carbon fractions: macro plant residue carbon (MPRC), coarse particulate organic carbon (cPOC), free particulate organic carbon (fPOC), occluded particulate organic carbon (oPOC), and mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC). We analyzed the historical variation in these fractions over the past 700 years and their effects on the carbon pool in the Hongtu peatland (HT, northern Great Khingan Mountains, China). Our results showed that MPRC comprised 66.7% ± 7.6% of the carbon pool, whereas oPOC and MAOC accounted for less than 1%. Notably, fPOC, which represented 15.6% ± 6.5% of the total carbon, had a high aromatic content. It may serve as an important stable carbon fraction for the peatland carbon pool. Over the past 700 years, the decrease in proportion of MPRC and increase in proportions of cPOC and fPOC have resulted in significant increases in both carbon content and aromaticity. Warm/dry conditions and high-intensity fires reduced the accumulation rates (ARs) of MPRC while increasing those of fPOC and cPOC. The high organic carbon content in the HT peatland limited the availability of mineral elements and resulted in MAOC ARs of approximately 0.01 g m⁻² yr⁻¹. This was strongly influenced by the regional dust deposition. Cold climates and intense fires caused an increase in dust deposition, which also increased the MAOC ARs.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143124395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil Erosion Rates Via 210Pbex, 137Cs and USLE Model in El Rmel Watershed, NE Tunisia","authors":"Lilia Ben Cheikha, Amina Mabrouk El Asmi, Boubaker Askri, Mansour Oueslati, Foued Gharbi, Rafla Attia, Thabet Aouedi","doi":"10.1002/ldr.5488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.5488","url":null,"abstract":"Soil erosion is a severe environmental and agricultural phenomenon which can be accelerated with climate change and land use, particularly in the Mediterranean region. In Tunisia, studies on the spatial distribution of erosion and deposition patterns can help to effectively implement soil and water conservation practices. Accordingly, the main objective of this research was to estimate soil erosion rates in two cultivated soils (SE1 and SE2), at El Rmel watershed of northeastern Tunisia. Three different time scales were observed via three tools, the ¹³⁷Cs, the ²¹⁰Pb_ex radioisotopes and the USLE model. The FRN's conversion mass balance model 2 (MBM2) was used to convert activities into erosion rates. Based on the ¹³⁷Cs, ²¹⁰Pb_ex, and USLE model, the mean erosion rates were, respectively, 37, 52, and 33 t ha⁻¹ year⁻¹, at the cereal cultivated SE1 site and 4, 9, and 6 t ha⁻¹ year⁻¹, at the olive tree cultivated SE2 site. It is supposed that the difference in time scale expressed by the three methods (100 years by ²¹⁰Pb_ex, 60 years by ¹³⁷Cs, and 40 years by USLE), may have had a notable impact on the discrepancy in estimated erosion rates. The mean farm slope for SE1 and SE2 were, respectively, 14% and 8% and tillage was through three operations per year. Furthermore, the cereal crops site characterized by steep slopes show much higher erosion rates. Consequently, planting olive trees will be very helpful in reducing soil erosion and will be of great impact either environmentally and/or economically.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143077294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}