Preventive medicine最新文献

{"title":"Assessing the association between cigarette smoking and blood C-reactive protein levels using restructured cohort data","authors":"Dong-Hee Koh ,&nbsp;Sangjun Choi ,&nbsp;Ju-Hyun Park ,&nbsp;Sang-Gil Lee ,&nbsp;Hwan-Cheol Kim ,&nbsp;Inah Kim ,&nbsp;Soon-Sil Han ,&nbsp;Dong-Uk Park","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108151","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Cigarette smoke exposure is known to induce inflammation, leading to elevated levels of inflammatory markers such as white blood cell (WBC) count and C-reactive protein (CRP). Despite extensive research on this relationship, longitudinal studies are limited. We aimed to explore the association between cigarette smoke exposure and WBC count and CRP levels by restructuring community cohort data.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from a community cohort of the Korean population, followed biennially from 2001 to 2018, were utilized. Smoking status was determined through self-administered questionnaires. WBC and CRP levels were measured in a central laboratory with stringent quality control. Cohort data were restructured into pairs representing before and after measurements. We analyzed smoking effects on WBC and CRP using pairwise before-after tests based on changes in smoking status. Furthermore, parallel group analyses comparing changes in smoking status to no change were conducted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Analysis included 4336 pairs for WBC and 3068 pairs for CRP from 10,030 participants. Pairwise analysis showed a significant decrease in WBC transitioning from current smoker to non-smoker and an increase from non-smoker to current smoker. Parallel group analysis demonstrated a significant decrease in WBC transitioning from current smoker to non-smoker compared to remaining current smoker, and an increase from non-smoker to current smoker compared to remaining non-smoker. CRP did not exhibit significant associations in either analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In a community cohort, cigarette smoking was associated with elevated WBC count. However, CRP levels did not consistently reflect inflammation associated with cigarette smoking.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 108151"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142446448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organized cervical cancer screening: A randomized controlled trial assessing the effect of sending invitation letters","authors":"Delphine Teigné ,&nbsp;Anne-Sophie Banaszuk ,&nbsp;Charlotte Grimault ,&nbsp;Aline Lebon ,&nbsp;France Nanin ,&nbsp;Aurélie Gaultier ,&nbsp;Cédric Rat","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the effect of implementing two modalities of organized Cervical Cancer Screening (CCS) program on screening uptake after a six-month delay.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A three-armed cluster randomized control trial was conducted in France between January 8 and July 2, 2021, involving148 510 women aged 40 to 65 and 1070 general practitioners.</div><div><em>In the Optimized screening group</em>, an invitation letter was posted to non-adherent women, and general practitioners were sent a list of their non-adherent patients.</div><div><em>In the Organized screening group,</em> an invitation letter was posted to non-adherent women.</div><div><em>In the Usual care group,</em> no invitation was sent.</div><div>The endpoint was cervical cancer screening uptake after a six months period a) among all eligible women (primary endpoint); and b) among initially non-adherent women (<em>post-hoc</em> analysis).</div><div>Statistical analysis was based on a logistic mixed model that compared between-group percentages of adherent women. A hierarchical comparison successively tested differences between the three arms (alpha 5 % risk).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among all 148,510 eligible women, screening uptake was 63.6 % (31,731/49910) in the Optimized screening group <em>vs</em> 61.8 % (30,210/48847) in the Usual care group (OR [IC95 %] = 1.05[0.93; 1.18]).</div><div>Among the 64,370 initially non-adherent women, screening uptake was 17.9 % (3955/22134) in the Optimized screening group <em>vs</em> 11.6 % (5321/20995) in the Usual care group (OR [IC95 %] = 1.70[1.56;1.86]). There was no significant difference between Optimized and Organized screening groups (17.2 % <em>vs</em> 17.9 %; OR [IC95 %] = 1.02[0.94; 1.11]).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The implementation of an organized screening based on an invitation letter resulted in a modest increase in participation among non-adherent women six months later.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 108150"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142472920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secular trends of physical fitness in Austrian children attending sports schools: An analysis of repeated cross-sections from 2006 to 2023","authors":"Alexandra Unger ,&nbsp;Walter Reichel ,&nbsp;Katrin Röttig ,&nbsp;Jan Wilke","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108149","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Physical fitness (PF) offers numerous physical and mental health benefits, especially during childhood. Previous studies investigating trends in children's PF over the years reported contradictory findings.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To identify and analyse secular trends in PF among Austrian schoolchildren from 2006 to 2023.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A repeated cross-sections design was used to examine the PF of children enrolling in sports schools between 2006 and 2023. During this period, a standardized eight-item motor performance testing battery was administered yearly to capture markers of strength, speed, endurance, agility and reaction time in Austrian schools.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of <em>n</em> = 3827 children (996 girls) with a mean age of 9.9 ± 1.0 years were included. Linear mixed models indicated significant declines in sprint performance (5, 10, 20 m), tapping, jump (long jump and drop jump), throwing (medicine ball), and agility (snake run). No changes were observed in cardiorespiratory fitness (8 min run) or reaction time.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>There has been a steady decline in PF among Austrian children attending sports schools. This finding underscores the need for enhanced PF monitoring and training in schools to improve public health outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 108149"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142401085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food insecurity and substance use among young adults in the United States","authors":"Sarah A. Pitman ,&nbsp;Keryn E. Pasch ,&nbsp;Natalie S. Poulos ,&nbsp;Cayley E. Velazquez","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The purpose of this study was to examine the association between food insecurity and substance use among young adults aged 18–25 in the U.S.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional online survey was completed by a diverse sample of 1024 young adults (50.2 % female; 62 % non-white; <em>m</em> age = 21.7[<em>SD</em> = 2.26]) between January–April 2022. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association between food insecurity and current cigarette use, Electronic Nicotine Delivery System (ENDS) use, cannabis use, alcohol use, and binge drinking controlling for socio-demographic and economic factors, mental health, and experiences of discrimination.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Nearly 70 % of participants reported being food insecure over the past year. Substance use was also common: 45.9 % of participants reported current cigarette use, 50.9 % ENDS use, 57 % cannabis use, 65.9 % alcohol use, and 50.4 % engaged in binge drinking in the past two weeks. Being food insecure was associated with greater odds of cigarette use (OR = 2.49, 95 % CI = [1.77, 3.50]), ENDS use (OR = 2.18, 95 % CI = [1.58, 3.01]), cannabis use (OR = 1.73, 95 % CI = [1.26, 2.37]), alcohol use (OR = 1.60, 95 % CI = [1.16, 2.19]) and binge drinking (OR = 1.98, 95 % CI = [1.44, 2.72]), controlling for all other factors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Food insecurity may serve as an important indicator of substance use among young adults. Practitioners should consider screening for food insecurity, providing information about food access, and developing interventions to address food insecurity among the young adults with whom they work. Future research should examine these associations prospectively to better understand how food insecurity may contribute to the initiation and/or escalation of substance use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 108148"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142381525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An atlas on risk factors for gastrointestinal cancers: A systematic review of Mendelian randomization studies","authors":"Yi-Xuan Huang ,&nbsp;Jun-Hua Wu ,&nbsp;Yu-Qiang Zhao ,&nbsp;Wan-Nian Sui ,&nbsp;Tian Tian ,&nbsp;Wen-Xiu Han ,&nbsp;Jing Ni","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108147","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108147","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Gastrointestinal cancers are one of the most frequent cancer types and seriously threaten human life and health. Recent studies attribute the occurrence of gastrointestinal cancers to both genetic and environmental factors, yet the intrinsic etiology remains unclear. Mendelian randomization is a powerful well-established statistical method that is based on genome-wide association study (GWAS) to evaluate the causal relationship between exposures and outcomes. In the present study, we aimed to conduct a systematic review of Mendelian randomization studies investigating any causal risk factors for gastrointestinal cancers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We systematically searched Mendelian randomization studies that addressed the associations of genetically predicted exposures with five main gastrointestinal cancers from September 2014 to March 2024, as well as testing the research quality and validity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our findings suggested robust and consistent causal effects of body mass index (BMI), basal metabolic rate, fatty acids, total cholesterol, total bilirubin, insulin like growth factor-1, eosinophil counts, interleukin 2, alcohol consumption, coffee consumption, apolipoprotein B on colorectal cancer risks, BMI, waist circumference, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total testosterone, smoking on gastric cancer risks, BMI, fasting insulin, LDL, waist circumference, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), immune cells, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on pancreatic cancer risks, waist circumference, smoking, T2DM on esophageal adenocarcinoma risks, and VAT, ferritin, transferrin, alcohol consumption, hepatitis B virus infection, rheumatoid arthritis on liver cancer risks, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Larger, well-designed Mendelian randomization studies are practical in determining the causal status of risk factors for diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 108147"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moral values and vaccination behavior in Russia during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Dmitry Kislitsyn ,&nbsp;Peter Meylakhs ,&nbsp;Dmitry Schapov ,&nbsp;Dmitry Kurakin ,&nbsp;Ekaterina Aleksandrova","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108143","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Effective persuasive communication necessitates message matching; the conveyed message should resonate with the recipient's characteristics, including individual moral values. While studies examining the relationship between moral values and vaccination behavior have been conducted in a limited number of countries, this study seeks to provide evidence on this relationship beyond Western democracies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional online survey was conducted from November 4 to December 17, 2021, in Russia. Participants reported their COVID-19 vaccination behavior and completed the Moral Foundations Questionnaire, designed to measure the endorsement of moral values (<em>n</em> = 415). Regression analysis was employed to assess the association between each moral foundation and COVID-19 vaccination behavior.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our findings indicate that the moral foundations of Care, Loyalty, Fairness, and Sanctity significantly influence vaccination behavior. Individuals who strongly endorse Fairness (AME = −0.019; 95 % CI = −0.033, −0.005) and Sanctity (AME = −0.016; 95 % CI = −0.031, −0.002) were less likely to be vaccinated. Conversely, individuals endorsing Care (AME = −0.018; 95 % CI = −0.031, −0.005) and Loyalty (AME = −0.015; 95 % CI = −0.028, −0.001) were less likely to report refusal of vaccination. These results remain robust after adjusting for sociodemographic variables related to vaccination barriers.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings carry public health implications; an understanding of the moral psychology underlying vaccination behavior can facilitate more targeted and effective health communication. Employing skillfully crafted moral appeals may mitigate negative attitudes toward vaccination and enhance vaccination rates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 108143"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142375834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic review of the evidence on physical activity prescriptions for youth","authors":"Elizabeth L. Budd ,&nbsp;Esmeralda Castro ,&nbsp;Heather F. Terral ,&nbsp;Zachary S. Farley ,&nbsp;Nichole R. Kelly","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108145","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Despite the well-documented benefits of physical activity (PA), globally, only 20 % of youth engage in sufficient PA. Reviews support the benefits of PA prescriptions on promoting adults' PA, but no comparable reviews exist on studies among youth. This systematic review 1) assesses the state of the evidence regarding PA prescriptions from healthcare practitioners on youths' PA; and 2) identifies gaps to inform future research and practice.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A search of five databases in October 2023 identified 3067 articles. After title and/or abstract reviews, 64 full articles were reviewed for inclusion criteria. Study, sample, and PA prescription characteristics and findings regarding youths' PA were extracted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Nine articles published 2001–2023 from the United States (<em>n</em> = 6), Spain (<em>n</em> = 1), Northern Ireland (<em>n</em> = 1), and the United States and Mexico (<em>n</em> = 1) were identified. Seven occurred in medical settings and two in schools. Study designs were generally strong (e.g., randomized controlled trials) and study durations were generally short (3–4 months). All but two studies measured youths' PA with self-report questionnaires. Most PA prescriptions were provided in verbal and written forms and tailored based on youths' baseline PA. Overall, healthcare practitioner-delivered PA prescriptions show minimal effects on youths' PA. Neither of the two studies that objectively measured PA found significant PA increases in objectively measured PA.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>There is insufficient research on healthcare practitioner delivered PA prescriptions to promote youths' PA to determine effectiveness. Future research with objectively measured PA and more diverse youth samples would advance the evidence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 108145"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142366274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inequalities in exposure to second-hand smoke among adolescent boys and girls in 122 countries: Evidence from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey","authors":"Boyi Huai,&nbsp;Kiara C-M Chang,&nbsp;Filippos T. Filippidis","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108146","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108146","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Secondhand smoke exposure (SHS) is a major modifiable risk factor for morbidity and premature mortality. No study has assessed inequalities by sex in SHS exposure among adolescents globally. This study aims to explore the variations in SHS exposure among adolescents globally based on sex.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Most recent data from 122 countries and territories that conducted the Global Youth Tobacco Survey between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2020, comprising 557,332 respondents aged 11–17 years, were used to assess the prevalence of SHS exposure at home, in other enclosed public places, and at school. Multivariable Poisson regression models were performed to investigate the association between sex and SHS exposure in each country.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 195,299 (35.0 %) adolescents reported exposure to SHS at home, 256,938 (46.1 %) in other enclosed public places, 258,528 (46.4 %) at school, and 399,644 (71.7 %) in any place. There were important inequalities in the prevalence of SHS exposure between countries. More girls than boys reported exposure to SHS at home in 54 countries (vs. one country with prevalence higher in boys than girls) and in other enclosed public places in 50 countries (vs. six countries). In contrast, the prevalence of SHS exposure at school was significantly higher in boys than girls in 25 countries while the opposite was observed in 14 countries.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings emphasize the disparities in SHS exposure between adolescent boys and girls and, hence, highlight the urgent need to strengthen smoke-free policies and adopt targeted policies to address them.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 108146"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142366273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the effectiveness of minimally supervised home and community exercise interventions in improving physical activity, body adiposity and quality of life in adults living with HIV","authors":"Jeannine Anyingu A. Aminde ,&nbsp;Nicola W. Burton ,&nbsp;Caroline Thng ,&nbsp;Kelly Clanchy","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108144","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108144","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>People living with HIV (PLWH) are physically inactive and risk cardiometabolic dysfunction. Home and community exercise (HCE) is pragmatic, cost-effective and improves health in varied chronic conditions. This review aimed to synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of minimally supervised HCE for physical activity (PA), adiposity, quality of life (QoL), and other physical and psychological health indices for PLWH.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Databases were searched for studies published January 2000 to April 2023. Risk of bias in experimental and quasi-experimental studies was assessed with the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias for Randomized Trials and Risk-of-Bias in Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions tools, respectively. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 9648 records, 13 studies (14 HCE groups) with 857 PLWH (average ages 29-56 years) were included; 12 comparator and one single group trial. Aerobic and strength HCE significantly improved PA relative to control by 0.377 units (95 %CI = 0.097, 0.657; <em>p</em> = 0.008) and 1097steps/day (95 %CI = 39.27, 2156.62; <em>p</em> = 0.042). There was a reduction from baseline in percent body fat of 3.36 % (95 %CI = -6.10, 0.42; <em>p</em> = 0.025), but no change in BMI (−0.21 kg/m2; 95 %CI = -0.67, 0.24; <em>p</em> = 0.351) relative to control. HCE improved QoL relative to control in the physical domain by 13points (95 %CI = 6.15, 19.86; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), but not in other domains like general health (6.6points; 95 %CI = -1.19, 14.36; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.097). HCE completed at moderate intensity or higher was associated with improvement in outcomes more so than lower intensity HCE. Walking-only interventions were at least as beneficial as other activities. No adverse events were recorded.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Minimally supervised HCE can improve PA, body fat, physical QoL and other health indices in PLWH.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 108144"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142366252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“I've been really happy since I got that letter!”: Longitudinal patient perspectives on lung cancer screening communication","authors":"Sara E. Golden ,&nbsp;Liana Schweiger ,&nbsp;Sarah Ono ,&nbsp;Anne C. Melzer ,&nbsp;Santanu Datta ,&nbsp;James Davis ,&nbsp;Christopher Slatore","doi":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Experts recommend structured shared decision making when discussing lung cancer screening (LCS) and reporting low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) results. We examined patients' reactions to pre- and post-LDCT results communication processes at three medical centers in the US with established LCS programs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Multicenter, qualitative, longitudinal study of patients considering and receiving LCS using data from semi-structured interviews guided by a patient-centered communication model using conventional content analysis. We conducted 61 interviews among 32 patients (sixteen of whom had a nodule on their LDCT) at one month and 12 months after an initial LCS decision making interaction.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants were mostly satisfied with LCS communication processes pre- and post-LDCT even though guideline concordant shared decision making was rare. Most participants reported no more than mild distress even if the LDCT detected a pulmonary nodule, felt relief after getting the results, and reported the perceived benefits of LCS outweighed their distress. Nearly all participants were satisfied with recommended follow-up plans. They reported that they trusted their clinicians and health care system to provide appropriate care and recommendations. They did not appear to regret their decision since almost all participants planned to get their next LDCT. However, they were at risk of non-adherence to follow-up recommendations since they often relied on the health care system to ensure they received timely follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Despite receiving guideline discordant decision-making communication, patients seem very satisfied, rarely experience severe distress, and have low decisional regret after LCS decision making and receiving the results of their LDCT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20339,"journal":{"name":"Preventive medicine","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 108142"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}