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Flavonoids – natural compounds with antiviral and anticancer potential 类黄酮——具有抗病毒和抗癌潜力的天然化合物
Postepy biochemii Pub Date : 2024-12-02 Print Date: 2024-12-31 DOI: 10.18388/pb.2021_563
Iwona Sergiel
{"title":"Flavonoids – natural compounds with antiviral and anticancer potential","authors":"Iwona Sergiel","doi":"10.18388/pb.2021_563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18388/pb.2021_563","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Flavonoids are a group of plant secondary metabolites that have a number of health-promoting properties and have both preventive and therapeutic effects. Research confirms that flavonoids work, among others: antiviral and anticancer. Apigenin, luteolin, isorhamnetin, kaempferol, myricetin, quercetin, hesperetin, naringenin, epicatechin and genistein have documented antiviral activity. The discovery of the anticancer activity of flavonoids (including apigenin, naringenin, hesperetin) initiated a number of studies to identify the most active compounds against various cancers and to understand the mechanism of their action. However, the relationship between flavonoid intake and cancer risk appears to be non-linear. Available literature data suggest that flavonoids may act as therapeutic agents in the early stages of virus infection and as an anticancer agent and should be included in the daily diet by increasing the consumption of primarily fruit (chokeberry, elderberry, cherry, mandarin), vegetables (parsley, celery, onion) and herbs and spices (mint, oregano, lovage, moringa, saffron). Flavonoids present in food are transported by passive diffusion (hydrophobic aglycones) and by active transport (hydrophilic glycosides). Individual classes of flavonoids differ in the amount they appear in food, the metabolites they produce and their possible impact on health. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on the potential use of selected flavonoids in the treatment of diseases of various etiologies, with an indication of their anticancer and antiviral effects. The perspectives and possibilities of using these compounds are presented, taking into account the problems resulting from their bioavailability.</p>","PeriodicalId":20335,"journal":{"name":"Postepy biochemii","volume":"70 4","pages":"474-482"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142953820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From bench to beadside: experimental animal models in ischemic stroke research 从工作台到码头：缺血性脑卒中研究的实验动物模型
Postepy biochemii Pub Date : 2024-12-02 Print Date: 2024-12-31 DOI: 10.18388/pb.2021_570
Sylwia Piątek, Paulina Milewska, Ewelina Ziemlińska, Anna Malik
{"title":"From bench to beadside: experimental animal models in ischemic stroke research","authors":"Sylwia Piątek, Paulina Milewska, Ewelina Ziemlińska, Anna Malik","doi":"10.18388/pb.2021_570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18388/pb.2021_570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stroke is a devastating cardiovascular disease with a high mortality rate, leading to a significant reduction in quality of life and life expectancy. Due to the complexity of the pathophysiological processes following stroke in humans, the use of animal models of stroke, in particular rodent models, is essential for the development of treatments for patients. Transient or permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) and photothrombotic models are the most commonly used to simulate ischemic stroke and are discussed in this review in detail. Furthermore, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on the inflammatory and regenerative responses to stroke, executed mainly by glial cells but also by macrophages infiltrating the post-ischemic brain. Understanding the advantages and disadvantages of different animal models is the basis for their further refinement, allowing for better simulation of post-stroke events and the development of new therapeutic approaches for cerebral ischemia in humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":20335,"journal":{"name":"Postepy biochemii","volume":"70 4","pages":"497-507"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142953821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Vitamin C and its derivatives in maintaining the good skin condition 维生素 C 及其衍生物在保持良好皮肤状态方面的作用
Postepy biochemii Pub Date : 2024-09-17 Print Date: 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.18388/pb.2021_554
Urszula Goik
{"title":"Vitamin C and its derivatives in maintaining the good skin condition","authors":"Urszula Goik","doi":"10.18388/pb.2021_554","DOIUrl":"10.18388/pb.2021_554","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vitamin C is one of the most important and necessary nutrient for human health, which has great potential as cosmeceutic, which protects health and the skin good condition. Thru the collagen biosynthesis stimulation it affects to the physiology of human skin, participating in the hydroxylation process of proline and lysine, and participates in tissue reconstruction while wound healing. Deficiency of vitamin C causes irregularities in the blood vessels functioning, epidermis and dermis. Is an effective antioxidant neutralizing free radicals, prevents inflammatory and carcinogenic processes. The epidermis and dermis are most exposed to free radicals from the external environment and from the inside of the body. In inflammatory diseases of the skin, such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, in the proper skin the levels of vitamin C are reduced. Therefore, delivering it to the skin using cosmetic preparations is important not only for cosmetic, but also health effect. The problem associated with the introduction of vitamin C in cosmetics is its limited penetration through the stratum corneum. Current studies are focused on searching for stable compounds of ascorbic acid and new media, which will allow for better way of delivery of ascorbic acid to the dermis in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":20335,"journal":{"name":"Postepy biochemii","volume":"70 3","pages":"307-314"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142372667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The role of the U1 snRNP complex in the regulation of gene expression: recent reports U1 snRNP 复合物在基因表达调控中的作用：最新报道
Postepy biochemii Pub Date : 2024-09-17 Print Date: 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.18388/pb.2021_566
Mikołaj Kiraga, Monika Zakrzewska-Płaczek
{"title":"The role of the U1 snRNP complex in the regulation of gene expression: recent reports","authors":"Mikołaj Kiraga, Monika Zakrzewska-Płaczek","doi":"10.18388/pb.2021_566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18388/pb.2021_566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>U1 snRNP (U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein) is a nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex involved mainly in pre-mRNA splicing, which is a key regulatory process in the eukaryotic gene expression pathway, but also in the process of preventing premature transcription termination (telescripting). U1 snRNP interacts directly with RNA polymerase II, thereby influencing the synthesis and maturation of transcripts in the cell nucleus, including the formation of the 3' end of mRNA and polyadenylation. At the level of cell physiology, it regulates the functioning of mitochondria and energy metabolism. The core of the U1 snRNP complex is U1 snRNA, encoded by many copies of genes that differ in sequence and expression level, and the expression of some of them leads to the formation of defective products. According to current reports, U1 snRNA can be used for therapeutic purposes to regulate gene expression and improve mRNA splicing defects, which are the cause of many diseases. Here we present selected recent discoveries and achievements related to U1 snRNP.</p>","PeriodicalId":20335,"journal":{"name":"Postepy biochemii","volume":"70 3","pages":"348-357"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142372666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Characterization of KPC-type drug resistance in bacteria 细菌的 KPC 型耐药性特征
Postepy biochemii Pub Date : 2024-09-17 Print Date: 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.18388/pb.2021_555
Michalina Gniewosz, Sylwia Andrzejczak-Grządko
{"title":"Characterization of KPC-type drug resistance in bacteria","authors":"Michalina Gniewosz, Sylwia Andrzejczak-Grządko","doi":"10.18388/pb.2021_555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18388/pb.2021_555","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the main problems of modern medicine is the phenomenon of drug resistance. Inappropriate use of antibiotics is considered to be the most important reason for the emergence of new resistance mechanisms in microorganisms. Carbapenems, which belong to the β-lactams, are considered the most effective group of antimicrobial agents. Unfortunately, as a result of prolonged exposure to the aforementioned drugs, bacteria have developed several mechanisms for survival. The most important of these is the production of hydrolytic enzymes (carbapenemases), which cleave the β-lactam ring and inactivate the antibiotics. The mentioned enzymes are encoded by blaKPC genes, which are located in so-called mobile genetic elements (i.e. plasmids and transposons). Such localization is associated with their ease of transfer between different bacterial species in the process of horizontal gene transfer.</p>","PeriodicalId":20335,"journal":{"name":"Postepy biochemii","volume":"70 3","pages":"315-324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142372662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Heme-based aquareceptors 基于血红素的水生受体
Postepy biochemii Pub Date : 2024-09-17 Print Date: 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.18388/pb.2021_551
Savani Anbalagan
{"title":"Heme-based aquareceptors","authors":"Savani Anbalagan","doi":"10.18388/pb.2021_551","DOIUrl":"10.18388/pb.2021_551","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>How cells sense water is of fundamental importance in biology. Hygrosensation has been demonstrated in specialized sensory cells that sense extracellular moisture. Even in microorganisms, osmosensors do not sense water per se. Water-sensing mechanisms would have been necessary for organisms to migrate and survive in water-poor conditions and to evolve into multicellular organisms. Due to the potential ability of water molecules to bind to gas-binding sites in the heme-based sensing domains of gasoreceptors, I suggest that some of them could have a parallel role as protein aquareceptors. Just as gasoreceptors function in almost every cell, aquareceptors must also function in almost every cell. I think that aquareceptors must be present in the cell membrane, cytoplasm, and every organelle. I also wonder if hemoglobin could also be considered a putative aquareceptor.</p>","PeriodicalId":20335,"journal":{"name":"Postepy biochemii","volume":"70 3","pages":"420-423"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142372664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Heavy metal tolerance in crop plants: an in silico comprehensive analysis of Metal- tolerance gene family in barley 作物对重金属的耐受性：对大麦耐金属基因家族的硅学综合分析
Postepy biochemii Pub Date : 2024-09-17 Print Date: 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.18388/pb.2021_559
Magda Grabsztunowicz, Ewelina Stolarska, Umesh Kumar Tanwar, Magdalena Arasimowicz-Jelonek, Ewa Sobieszczuk-Nowicka
{"title":"Heavy metal tolerance in crop plants: an in silico comprehensive analysis of Metal- tolerance gene family in barley","authors":"Magda Grabsztunowicz, Ewelina Stolarska, Umesh Kumar Tanwar, Magdalena Arasimowicz-Jelonek, Ewa Sobieszczuk-Nowicka","doi":"10.18388/pb.2021_559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18388/pb.2021_559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heavy metal contamination in soil is a global concern due to its harmful effect to all living organisms. Phytoremediation is an emerging cost- effective technology, which utilizes different types of hyperaccumulator plants for the removal of heavy metal pollutants. Crop plants have been suggested as a good candidate for recultivation of agricultural soil in phytoremediation process, however the molecular mechanisms responsible for the crop tolerance to heavy metals is still unknown. Metal-tolerance proteins (MTPs) are divalent cation transporters that play critical roles in metal tolerance and ion homeostasis in plants. The current study identified 12 HvMTPs in the barley (Hordeum vulgare, Hv) genome; the majority of MTPs were hydrophobic proteins found in the vacuolar membrane. Gene expression profiling suggests that HvMTPs play an active role in maintaining barley nutrient homeostasis throughout its life cycle. The expression of barley HvMTP genes in the presence of heavy metals revealed that these MTPs were induced by at least one metal ion, implying their involvement in metal tolerance.</p>","PeriodicalId":20335,"journal":{"name":"Postepy biochemii","volume":"70 3","pages":"358-370"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142372663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Polyploidy as an outcome of anticancer therapies and a contributing cause of their lack of efficacy 多倍体是抗癌疗法的一个结果，也是其缺乏疗效的一个原因
Postepy biochemii Pub Date : 2024-09-17 Print Date: 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.18388/pb.2021_557
Kinga Kołacz, Karolina Gronkowska, Magdalena Strachowska, Agnieszka Robaszkiewicz
{"title":"Polyploidy as an outcome of anticancer therapies and a contributing cause of their lack of efficacy","authors":"Kinga Kołacz, Karolina Gronkowska, Magdalena Strachowska, Agnieszka Robaszkiewicz","doi":"10.18388/pb.2021_557","DOIUrl":"10.18388/pb.2021_557","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In addition to innate and gained resistance poliploidy of cancer cells is described as a mechanism responsible for lack of response or cancer relapses after initial patient recovery. Formation of these cells is induced by cyto- and genotoxic agents, which trigger endoreduplication, cytokinesis failure, cell fusion or canibalism. These processes lead to amplification of DNA, cell cycle arrest and escape from death. Cancer reinitiation results from depolyploidization by neosis, amitotic and meiotic-like divisions. In this paper we review the known mechanisms, which drive cancer cell transition to poliploidy, major features of these cells and their role in cancer progression. We also depict the current approaches, which target metabolic and signaling pathways that are crucial for survival and functioning of polyploid cells. The combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy with agents capable of inhibiting or eliminating polyploid cells could substantially improve the success rate and efficacy of anticancer therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20335,"journal":{"name":"Postepy biochemii","volume":"70 3","pages":"325-335"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142372665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Biosynthesis and metabolic inactivation of auxins 辅酶的生物合成和代谢失活
Postepy biochemii Pub Date : 2024-09-17 Print Date: 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.18388/pb.2021_549
Aleksandra Sobiech, Alicja Banasiak
{"title":"Biosynthesis and metabolic inactivation of auxins","authors":"Aleksandra Sobiech, Alicja Banasiak","doi":"10.18388/pb.2021_549","DOIUrl":"10.18388/pb.2021_549","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Auxins are a phytohormones that regulates of processes related to plant growth and morphogenesis, therefore their deficiency or excess results in severe developmental disorders. Plants have developed mechanisms aimed at regulating the level of the active form of these hormones, including their: directional transport, local biosynthesis, and degradation, as well as reversible and irreversible inactivation by binding to additional chemical groups. Despite almost a hundred years since the discovery of auxins, the functioning of these mechanisms, especially at the level of metabolism, is still not fully understood. In recent years, thanks to the development of new research methods, significant progress has been made in this field. This applies to both the identification of auxin biosynthetic pathways and the genes involved in them, as well as the detection of new auxin metabolites, their mutual connections and enzymes involved in their biosynthesis, transformation, and degradation. This work focuses on summarizing the current knowledge on this topic, considering the relationship of auxin metabolism with developmental processes and the response to changing environmental conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20335,"journal":{"name":"Postepy biochemii","volume":"70 3","pages":"297-306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142372661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Can the laws of physics be circumvented? On methods of super-resolution fluorescence microscopy 物理定律可以规避吗？关于超分辨率荧光显微镜的方法
Postepy biochemii Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.18388/pb.2021_527
Adrian Rüfli
{"title":"Can the laws of physics be circumvented? On methods of super-resolution fluorescence microscopy","authors":"Adrian Rüfli","doi":"10.18388/pb.2021_527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18388/pb.2021_527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biological sciences are increasingly uncovering the foundations of life in greater detail, made possible by the development of research methods enabling exploration at the nanometer scale. Optical microscopy, a field with a significant contribution to current knowledge, is inherently limited by the Abbe limit, stemming from the fundamental wave properties of light. Through the efforts of scientists, this limit can be circumvented, as evidenced by STED and MINFLUX techniques. STED allows imaging with a resolution down to 40 nm, while MINFLUX enables resolution as fine as 2 nm. Both techniques require labelling of biological molecular targets with fluorescent markers and enable imaging in living cells, facilitating the study of dynamic biological processes. This article provides an introduction to super-resolution techniques STED and MINFLUX, demonstrating their utility through the example of studying kinesin movement along microtubules using the MINFLUX technique.</p>","PeriodicalId":20335,"journal":{"name":"Postepy biochemii","volume":"70 2","pages":"139-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141860684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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