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Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases - versatile biocatalysts 细胞色素P450单加氧酶-多功能生物催化剂
Postepy biochemii Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.18388/pb.2021_464
Agata Wszołek
{"title":"Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases - versatile biocatalysts","authors":"Agata Wszołek","doi":"10.18388/pb.2021_464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18388/pb.2021_464","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advances in biochemistry have helped to understand the structure and function of enzymes, which in turn has led to an increase in their stability, activity and substrate specificity. Today, biocatalysis provides more sustainable, efficient and less polluting methods for the production of fine chemicals and advanced pharmaceutical intermediates. This paper presents the structure and the mechanism of action of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and their use in the effective synthesis of biologically active compounds, which is more ecological, less time-consuming and cheaper compared to chemical synthesis. The pharmaceutical industry should take advantage of the advances in biochemistry to obtain biocatalysts for the production of fine chemicals on an industrial scale, improving the quality of end products while saving costs.</p>","PeriodicalId":20335,"journal":{"name":"Postepy biochemii","volume":"68 4","pages":"399-409"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9094818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The role of alternative electron pathways in the photosynthetic chain in higher plants 高等植物光合链中可选电子通路的作用
Postepy biochemii Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.18388/pb.2021_465
Aleksandra Urban, Marta Galas, Paweł Rogowski
{"title":"The role of alternative electron pathways in the photosynthetic chain in higher plants","authors":"Aleksandra Urban,&nbsp;Marta Galas,&nbsp;Paweł Rogowski","doi":"10.18388/pb.2021_465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18388/pb.2021_465","url":null,"abstract":"Light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis takes place in the thylakoids of chloroplasts where light energy harvested from the sun drives the synthesis of ATP and NADPH. The major pathway of photosynthetic chain is the linear electron transport (LET), in which both photosystems (PSI and PSII) are involved, and ATP and NADPH are produced. However, ratio in production of those components is insufficient to cover the Calvin cycle energy requirements, depending on the metabolism of the cell. Moreover, disturbance in metabolism homeostasis, caused by environmental stress conditions, increases ATP demand, which cannot be covered by LET. Thus, in photosynthetic apparatus must exist alternative electron transport pathways, these include: cyclic electron transport (CET) mediated by NDH complex or PGR5/PGRL1 proteins, water-water cycle and PTOX enzyme. Activity of alternative pathways can optimize ratio in production of ATP/NADPH, appropriately to requirements, which allows to achieve redox balance and ATP contents.","PeriodicalId":20335,"journal":{"name":"Postepy biochemii","volume":"68 4","pages":"366-374"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10554441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Molecular mechanism of progesterone action in the female reproductive system 黄体酮在女性生殖系统中作用的分子机制
Postepy biochemii Pub Date : 2022-09-14 Print Date: 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.18388/pb.2021_458
Karolina Dobrzyń, Magdalena K Kowalik
{"title":"Molecular mechanism of progesterone action in the female reproductive system","authors":"Karolina Dobrzyń,&nbsp;Magdalena K Kowalik","doi":"10.18388/pb.2021_458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18388/pb.2021_458","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Progesterone (P4) is a steroid hormone which participate in many processes in the female reproductive system. The hormone is produced mainly by the corpus luteum (CL), however, also the ovarian follicles, uterine tissues and placenta are able to produce P4. Progesterone is involved in the regulation of the sexual cycle, as well as in the initiation and maintenance of pregnancy. The hormone may affect cell function by genomic mechanism, through nuclear P4 receptors (PGR), and via nongenomic mechanism, through the membrane P4 receptors, such as progesterone receptor membrane component (PGRMC) 1 and 2, and membrane progestin receptors (mPR) α, β and γ. The genomic mechanism of P4 action leads to the expression of target genes and the synthesis of new proteins, while the nongenomic mechanism modifies various intracellular signaling pathways. The integration of these two mechanisms of P4 activity leads to the suitable regulation of the cell, tissue and, consequently, the response of organism to the hormone.</p>","PeriodicalId":20335,"journal":{"name":"Postepy biochemii","volume":"68 3","pages":"336-343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40660467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stimulating effects of metals on biosynthesis of plant bioactive compounds. 金属对植物生物活性化合物生物合成的刺激作用。
Postepy biochemii Pub Date : 2022-09-05 Print Date: 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.18388/pb.2021_447
Jagna Chmielowska-Bąk, Aleksandra Grzesik
{"title":"Stimulating effects of metals on biosynthesis of plant bioactive compounds.","authors":"Jagna Chmielowska-Bąk,&nbsp;Aleksandra Grzesik","doi":"10.18388/pb.2021_447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18388/pb.2021_447","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Secondary metabolites produced by plants are a rich group of bioactive compounds with many health-promoting properties, which can be used in various sectors of industry including pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. One of the problems with application of plant derived compounds are their low levels in plant tissues. Thus, new methods aiming at stimulation of the biosynthesis of plant metabolites are being investigated. In recent years several articles on the use of metals as elicitors have been published. Present review presents the examples of the application of copper (Cu), zin (Zn), cadmium (Cd) and selected nanoparticles as elicitors.</p>","PeriodicalId":20335,"journal":{"name":"Postepy biochemii","volume":"68 3","pages":"300-309"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40674383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
ARGONAUTE proteins in cell biology and plant development. ARGONAUTE蛋白在细胞生物学和植物发育中的作用。
Postepy biochemii Pub Date : 2022-09-01 Print Date: 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.18388/pb.2021_450
Anna Sokołowska, Maciej Rugała, Krystyna Oracz
{"title":"ARGONAUTE proteins in cell biology and plant development.","authors":"Anna Sokołowska,&nbsp;Maciej Rugała,&nbsp;Krystyna Oracz","doi":"10.18388/pb.2021_450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18388/pb.2021_450","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ARGONAUTE (AGO) proteins are integral parts of regulatory pathways under the control of small RNA (sRNA) that are fundamental for the proper functioning of eukaryotic cells. AGOs, as highly specialized platforms binding specific sRNA, coordinate gene silencing through interaction with other protein factors (forming the RNA-induced silencing complex, RISC), contributing to endonucleolytic cleavage of the target mRNA and/or influencing the translation process. The increasing number of evidence confirms the participation of AGO proteins in several other cellular processes, such as i.e.: transcription regulation, sequestration, RNA-dependent methylation of DNA, repair of DNA damages, synthesis of siRNA independent of DCL (DICER-like) proteins, or co-transcriptional regulation of MIRNA genes expression and intron splicing. Particular plant species are characterized by the presence of a different number of AGO proteins, in many cases of yet unknown regulatory and/or biological function. This review article covers the current knowledge about the functions of AGOs in cell biology and plant development.</p>","PeriodicalId":20335,"journal":{"name":"Postepy biochemii","volume":"68 3","pages":"310-320"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40674381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Parental ageing and Assisted Reproduction Technologies: analysis of risk of chronic diseases in the progeny 父母老龄化和辅助生殖技术:后代慢性疾病风险分析
Postepy biochemii Pub Date : 2022-08-23 Print Date: 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.18388/pb.2021_457
Maria Florencia Heber, Hafsa Gulzar, Richard Musson, Simona Bisogno, Kinga Fic, Grażyna Ewa Ptak
{"title":"Parental ageing and Assisted Reproduction Technologies: analysis of risk of chronic diseases in the progeny","authors":"Maria Florencia Heber,&nbsp;Hafsa Gulzar,&nbsp;Richard Musson,&nbsp;Simona Bisogno,&nbsp;Kinga Fic,&nbsp;Grażyna Ewa Ptak","doi":"10.18388/pb.2021_457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18388/pb.2021_457","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conception of a child at advanced parental age (> 35 years) has been steadily increasing in recent decades, especially in developed countries. Socio-economic factors, effective contraceptives, and the availability of Assisted Reproduction Technologies (ART) have a direct impact on postponing the decision to have a baby. ART enables reproductive success for people diagnosed as infertile or with reduced possibilities of becoming pregnant due to concomitant pathologies. Epidemiological studies indicate that both advanced parental age and ART are associated with pathologies of pregnancy, such as gestational diabetes, risk of pre-eclampsia, miscarriage, placental abruption, preterm labor, stillbirth, neurodevelopmental disorders and chronic disease of the offspring. In our work, we will focus on the available information on metabolic changes that increase the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases in the offspring of parents at an advanced age and conceived through ART. Finally, we will address the sources of the observed disturbances at the gamete and embryo level, related to oxygen stress, epigenetic modifications and DNA damage, considering possible rescue actions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20335,"journal":{"name":"Postepy biochemii","volume":"68 3","pages":"321-335"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40660468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
DNA-based prediction of human phenotypic traits for the medico-legal and forensic purposes. 基于dna的人类表型性状预测，用于医学法律和法医目的。
Postepy biochemii Pub Date : 2022-07-21 Print Date: 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.18388/pb.2021_449
Maria Agnieszka Kaczmarek, Wojciech Zysek
{"title":"DNA-based prediction of human phenotypic traits for the medico-legal and forensic purposes.","authors":"Maria Agnieszka Kaczmarek,&nbsp;Wojciech Zysek","doi":"10.18388/pb.2021_449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18388/pb.2021_449","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to present the current state of knowledge on the DNA-based prediction of human externally visible characteristics of an unknown person based on the crime scene biological material left behind. This DNA sample is referred to as a “biological witness” and the procedure itself is called forensic DNA phenotyping (FDP). The analytic part of this work is based on scholarly articles published between 2015 and 2021. The electronic search of relevant references was conducted according to the PRISMA methodology in March 2021 at EBSCO Discovery Service (EDS) at the Adam Mickiewicz University library and Google Scholar. The molecular basis of FDP, DNA markers used to predict sex, age, biogeographic origin and externally visible traits such as pigmentation (skin, eye and hair colour), hair morphology, facial morphology, presence of freckles, body height, body weight (obesity), male pattern baldness and myopia were described. Furthermore, methodological difficulties resulting from the polygenic inheritance of the studied traits, as well as social and ethical problems accompanying forensic DNA phenotyping were discussed. Finally, key themes for future research related to forensic DNA phenotyping were outlined.</p>","PeriodicalId":20335,"journal":{"name":"Postepy biochemii","volume":"68 3","pages":"264-287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40674382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
CRISPR/Cas as the intelligent immune system of bacteria and archea CRISPR/Cas作为细菌和古细菌的智能免疫系统
Postepy biochemii Pub Date : 2022-07-21 Print Date: 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.18388/pb.2021_453
Dalia Blicharska, Izabela Szućko-Kociuba, Ewa Filip, Lidia Skuza
{"title":"CRISPR/Cas as the intelligent immune system of bacteria and archea","authors":"Dalia Blicharska,&nbsp;Izabela Szućko-Kociuba,&nbsp;Ewa Filip,&nbsp;Lidia Skuza","doi":"10.18388/pb.2021_453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18388/pb.2021_453","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The invention of CRISPR is considered to be one of the most breakthrough discoveries in recent years in the history of biology, biotechnology, medicine, as well as the pharmaceutical and agricultural industries. The methods developed using CRISPR create new, previously unattainable possibilities that can significantly improve the quality of life. From the invention of this intelligent immune system to the present day, much research has been done using the CRISPR/Cas systems. The result of these studies was the development of a modern tool for genetic manipulation, which allows for the introduction of many modifications within the DNA, which may contribute to the silencing of the expression of given genes or their overexpression through e.g. mutations or deletions. The paper describes the application of the method for genetic manipulation with the use of the second class system – CRISPR/Cas9 and the advantages of this method and its advantage over the previously used genetic engineering tools, as well as its limitations and disadvantages, which significantly limit the possibility of its application. The potential use of the method was also presented as well as the research carried out with the use of CRSPR/Cas9.</p>","PeriodicalId":20335,"journal":{"name":"Postepy biochemii","volume":"68 3","pages":"235-245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40660469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pharmacological chaperone therapy for the treatment of inborn errors of metabolism 药物伴侣疗法治疗先天性代谢缺陷
Postepy biochemii Pub Date : 2022-07-20 Print Date: 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.18388/pb.2021_451
Patryk Lipiński, Aleksandra Jezela-Stanek, Anna Tylki-Szymańska
{"title":"Pharmacological chaperone therapy for the treatment of inborn errors of metabolism","authors":"Patryk Lipiński,&nbsp;Aleksandra Jezela-Stanek,&nbsp;Anna Tylki-Szymańska","doi":"10.18388/pb.2021_451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18388/pb.2021_451","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article describes the mechanism of molecular and pharmacological chaperones in the treatment of inborn errors of metabolism. The literature review of the usage of ambroxol acting as a pharmacological chaperone for beta-glucocerebrosidase in Gaucher disease and Parkinson’s disease associated with GBA variants has been reviewed.</p>","PeriodicalId":20335,"journal":{"name":"Postepy biochemii","volume":"68 3","pages":"255-263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40660470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Role of MCPIP1 protein in lipid metabolism, liver homeostasis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease MCPIP1蛋白在脂质代谢、肝脏稳态和非酒精性脂肪性肝病中的作用
Postepy biochemii Pub Date : 2022-07-15 Print Date: 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.18388/pb.2021_446
Natalia Pydyn, Jerzy Kotlinowski
{"title":"Role of MCPIP1 protein in lipid metabolism, liver homeostasis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","authors":"Natalia Pydyn,&nbsp;Jerzy Kotlinowski","doi":"10.18388/pb.2021_446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18388/pb.2021_446","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by excessive accumulation of lipids in hepatocytes. Among NAFLD patients, in 25% of them this disease progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, which is characterized additionally by the development of inflammation and fibrosis of liver. Currently, it is estimated that 24% of the world’s population suffers from NAFLD. MCPIP1 protein is an RNase described as a negative regulator of inflammation. Also, MCPIP1 plays a role in lipid metabolism because it inhibits the process of adipogenesis and mice with a deletion of Zc3h12a gene are characterized by dyslipidemia and reduced body fat content. In the case of ischemia-reperfusion injury in liver, MCPIP1 is protective against the inflammation and damage of this organ. Lipid accumulation by hepatocytes is associated with a decrease of Mcpip1 level. In addition, MCPIP1 may influence the PPARγ-mediated lipogenesis process. Presence of Mcpip1 in both myeloid leukocytes and liver epithelial cells is crucial for the maintenance of liver homeostasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20335,"journal":{"name":"Postepy biochemii","volume":"68 3","pages":"246-254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40674384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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