Psychopharmacology & biological narcology最新文献

{"title":"Aquarium fish and temperature neuropharmacology. Update.","authors":"Alexander L. Urakov, Evgeny L. Fisher, Andrey А. Lebedev, P. Shabanov","doi":"10.17816/phbn625545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/phbn625545","url":null,"abstract":"It is shown that at the end of the 20th century in Russia studies of temperature dependence of specific pharmacological activity of antihypoxants and some neurotropic drugs under normo- and hypothermia of various biological objects in experimental and clinical conditions were started. At the beginning of the 21st century, an original biological model of acute hypoxia in aquarium fish was developed. This model made it possible to start the study of fish resistance to hypoxia, to screen biologically active substances and to evaluate the activity of antihypoxants under normo- and hypothermia. The first results of using this model allowed to conclude that the dynamics of motor activity of fish under conditions of acute hypoxia is similar to the dynamics of motor activity of fetuses inside the uterus under diagnostic intrauterine hypoxia created by voluntary apnea in a pregnant woman. It was found that the value of the duration of the period of immobile state of fish and fetuses under hypoxia is directly proportional to the value of their resistance to hypoxia. It was found that the reduction in conditions of acute hypoxia water temperature with floating fish in it on 10 °C lengthens the duration of the period of immobile state of fish and the period of preservation of their viability more than 2 times, and the preliminary introduction of hydrogen peroxide in the water in the therapeutic dose in combination with hypothermia lengthens the corresponding periods by 4 times. It has also been found that such neurotropic drugs as ethyl alcohol, local and general anesthetics will completely eliminate the pain syndrome that develops during local hypothermia in normal. In addition, it has been shown that immersing the hands of people under alcohol intoxication and/or surgical anesthesia in water with melting ice for 2 minutes eliminates the feeling of pain in the hands and accelerates the development of subsequent hyperemia in the skin of the hands by 2 times compared to the norm.","PeriodicalId":203264,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology & biological narcology","volume":"1 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139683435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of experimental therapy on the gas and acid-base composition of blood in the dynamics of toxic pulmonary edema","authors":"Torkunov Torkunov, Zemlyanoy Zemlyanoy, Torkunova Torkunova, Shabanov Shabanov","doi":"10.17816/phbn569238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/phbn569238","url":null,"abstract":"The present work is part of an extended research, which consisted in finding ways to prevent and treat toxic pulmonary edema. The purpose of this study was to study the gas transport function, acid-base state and gas composition of blood in the dynamics of experimental toxic pulmonary edema and the effect on them of experimental therapy with a combination of drugs that have shown their effectiveness in preliminary studies. Methods. The toxic edema of the lungs was modelled in mice by inhalation of toxic doses of phosgene LСt50. The parameters of the gas and acid-base composition of the blood were determined using a gas analyzer 3 and 24 hours after poisoning. Parts of the animals, 30 minutes after the poisoning, were injected intraperitoneally with a complex of drugs consisting of natrii dimercaptopropansulfonas (unitiol) 150 mg / kg, diclofenac sodium 35.0 mg / kg, and аprotinin (contrikal) 250 IU / kg. Results. It was found that 3 hours after poisoning in the blood of poisoned animals, changes in the gas composition of blood, parameters of the gas transport function of blood were detected, and 24 hours after poisoning a violation of the acid-base state. The use of a therapeutic combination of drugs consisting of sodium dimercaptopropanesulfonate (unithiol), sodium diclofenac and aprotinin (kontrikal) led to partial normalization of the altered parameters of the blood gas composition and parameters of the blood gas transport function, but was not accompanied by normalization of the acid-base state of the blood. The study of the effect of the formulation itself on the studied parameters of intact animals demonstrated a pronounced negative effect on the blood gas composition. Treatment of pulmonary edema with the comparison drug unithiol was not accompanied by normalization of the gas composition and acid-base state of the poisoned animals. Conclusion. Treatment of toxic pulmonary edema with a combination of medications led to an improvement in the gas composition and gas transport function of the blood. Keywords: pulmonary edema, phosgene, poisoning, blood gases, acid-base composition of blood, experimental treatment, unithiol, diclofenac sodium, aprotinin.","PeriodicalId":203264,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology & biological narcology","volume":"29 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139270502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kisspeptin reduces sexual dysfunction in a rat model of post-traumatic stress disorder","authors":"I. Thyssen, Andrey А. Lebedev","doi":"10.17816/phbn623033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/phbn623033","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Sexual dysfunction is not a specific symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but it is a common clinical complaint. Rodents exposed to a single traumatic event exhibit behavioral disturbances in tests designed to measure emotional behavior, the study shows. In relation to sexual behavior, exposure to acute stress leads to a decrease in the frequency of ejaculation, as well as an increase in latency to first intercourse, first intromission and ejaculation. Kisspeptin is a neuropeptide that plays an important role in the functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. It also plays a role in sexual behavior. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a single traumatic event caused by a predator on sexual behavior and motivation in male rats and to correct them using hormonal and non-hormonal regulators. Methods. We used 60 copulatory naive male Wistar rats aged 90-100 days weighing 220-230 g, divided into 6 groups of 10 animals each. Animals of group 1 were intact; in the remaining groups, post-traumatic stress disorder was modeled by exposure to a predator (tiger python). In the experimental groups, animals received buserelin, kisspeptin-10 and yohimbine. An unattainable reinforcement chamber was used to assess sexual motivation. Free locomotor activity of animals was studied in the open field test. The elevated plus maze test was used to assess stress effects. Blood and brain samples were collected for testosterone and corticosterone ELISA. Results. Acute predator stress, as an animal model of post-traumatic stress disorder, significantly reduces several components of sexual motivation in male rats and increases serum corticosterone levels. Both intranasal and systemic administration of kisspeptin increases sexual motivation in male rats after chronic stress. Buserelin has a significant effect on testosterone secretion, but has little effect on sexual motivation. Systemic administration of kisspeptin partially restores testosterone production in a rat model of stress disorder. Yohimbine does not affect hormonal levels and has a disruptive effect on sexual motivation in rats. None of the hormonal and non-hormonal regulators used had an effect on corticosterone levels. Conclusion. The findings indicate that exposure to predator stress has a greater impact on sexual motivation and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis than on sex hormone production. This creates the prerequisites for the search for new mechanisms underlying the regulation of reproductive behavior and the influence of stress factors on its implementation.","PeriodicalId":203264,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology & biological narcology","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139266840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The developing brain as an object of study of the formation of oxidant and antioxidant systems","authors":"P. Shabanov, I. Zarubina","doi":"10.17816/phbn623031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/phbn623031","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Differentiation of structures, tissues and systems of the brain occurs gradually. The values of individual biochemical constants vary depending on the timing of the embryonic, early and late postnatal period of development. In this respect, of interest are oxidation/antioxidation systems that are multicomponent and therefore do not mature at the same time. The aim is to study the processes of lipid peroxidation by the level of malonic dialdehyde and antioxidant protection (superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione) in the brain of embryos and offspring of rats at different periods of pre- and postnatal development of rats. Methods. 39 pregnant female Wistar rats weighing 220-250 g were selected, from which 176 embryos and rat pups of different sex and age were obtained, including embryos of the 3rd trimester of pregnancy (13-17 days of gestation) and rat pups aged from 1 to 14 weeks. The concentration of malonic dialdehyde (indicator of lipid peroxidation) was determined in the brain tissue, as well as the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and the level of reduced glutathione as indicators of antioxidant defense systems. Results. It was found that the brain of embryos is characterized by low levels of malonic dialdehyde, the concentration of which sharply increases immediately after the birth of rat pups. A similar, but less pronounced pattern is also recorded for indicators of antioxidant protection (superoxide dismutase activity and the level of reduced glutathione). The opposite reaction was observed in the case of catalase, whose activity in the brain in the prenatal period was high, and after birth it was significantly decreased. In the period of further postnatal development up to sexual maturity (14 weeks, or 3 months of age), there was no significant change in the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and the concentration of reduced glutathione, but a 2-fold drop in the level of malonic dialdehyde in brain. Conclusion. It is concluded that already in the first months of life in rats, a quite stable status of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense systems of the brain tissue develops.","PeriodicalId":203264,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology & biological narcology","volume":"21 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139268843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opioid, cannabinoid, cocaine and methamphetamine epidemics. History, risk factors associated with them and characteristics of drugs action","authors":"Alexander L. Urakov, P. Shabanov","doi":"10.17816/phbn568586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/phbn568586","url":null,"abstract":"It is shown that in the last century mankind has made significant progress in the search and study of new pain-relieving drugs through the targeted synthesis of chemical analogs of natural opioids, cannabinoids, cocaine and amphetamines. Experience with the medical use of new synthetic opioids, cannabinoids and amphetamines has shown not only their high analgesic efficacy in disease, but also their high danger due to the risks of drug dependence and addiction that have caused drug epidemics. The history of relevant drug epidemics is described, and the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of the most dangerous drugs, as well as the risks associated with drug epidemics, are outlined. In particular, it is pointed out that the risk of drug dependence to opioids, cannabinoids, amphetamine and cocaine was not recognized until too late. The drug crisis was therefore initially largely iatrogenic in nature. In recent decades, however, controls on the prescription of narcotic drugs have tightened, so drug addiction as iatrogeny occurs less frequently. But criminal elements of society were able to establish clandestine production of drugs and their realization in the youth and LGBT community under the guise of new, fashionable designer drugs and devices for their use. Moreover, the new synthetic drugs differ from natural drugs in their stronger psychostimulant effects, their ability to cause addiction after the first use and their high risk of fatal poisoning. It has been reported that there are no approved drugs for the treatment of drug abusers of opioids, cannabinoids, amphetamines and cocaine. However, the development of specific vaccines for these drugs has begun in recent years. Active immunization of drug abusers with specially created vaccines is expected to assist doctors in treating drug abusers in the future.","PeriodicalId":203264,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology & biological narcology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139285141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uridine increases endurance and improves the rehabilitation of experimental animals after physical performance","authors":"I. B. Krylova, E. N. Selina","doi":"10.17816/phbn501570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/phbn501570","url":null,"abstract":"BACKCROUND: Pharmacological correction of metabolic processes, providing an increase in the efficiency and duration of the physical performance and contributing to the rapid rehabilitation, is an important component of the regulation of adaptation. Previously, we found that the pyrimidine nucleoside uridine exhibits antihypoxic properties, activates mitochondrial K+ATP channels (mitoKATP), normalizes energy metabolism, reduces lipid peroxidation, activates the antioxidant system, and also increases glycogen content. It can be assumed that the substance with such properties will increase endurance and improve recovery after physical performance. \u0000AIM is to study the effect of uridine on the endurance of experimental animals in the forced swimming test under physical performance of different intensity and on their rehabilitation. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: Experiments were performed on male Wistar rats (350-380 g) and male outbred mice (25-30 g). In the 1st series the effect of uridine on the rats endurance was studied in the forced swimming test with a load of 5%, 7%, or 10% of the animal weight. In the second series, the effect of uridine on the first phase of recovery processes was evaluated in a three-load swimming test. Mice with a 10% load were subjected to a swimming test three times, after which the trail index - the ratio of time of trail 3rd to trail 1st - was determined. The frequency of occurrence of animals with low, medium and high recovery ability was estimated. Uridine 30 mg/kg or physiological saline (control) was administered 30 min before, 5-hydroxidecanoate (5-HD, mitoKATP blocker) 5 mg/kg - 45 min before, and mexidol (reference drug) 200 mg/kg 50 min before testing. \u0000RESULTS. Uridine increased critical swimming duration (CSD) by 58% and 44% at 5% and 7% exercise, respectively in comparison with controle. At 7% load the drug increased the period before the appearance of the first signs of fatigue by 100%. Effect of uridine decreased by 40% in the case of fatigue and by 24% in the case of CSD when injected after the blockade of mitoKATP channels. In the three-load swimming test, uridine increased the trail index by 1.5 times, which was comparable to the effect of mexidol, and increased the number of animals with a high ability to recover by 2.6 times. The use of the drug after mitoKATP channels blockade did not lead to a decrease of its positive effect, and also the blockade of channels with 5-HD did not affect the rehabilitation. \u0000CONCLUSIONS. Uridine increases the endurance of rats with medium load in forced swimming test and the rehabilitation of mice in three-load swimming test. It also increases the number of animals with a high ability to recover after swimming performance. The mechanism of its effects is realized both through the activation of mitoKATP channels and, probably, through the stimulation of glycogenesis.","PeriodicalId":203264,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology & biological narcology","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128766072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Orostachys spinosa dry extract on the white rats behaviorin tests with positive reinforcement","authors":"Y. Razuvaeva","doi":"10.17816/phbn501755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/phbn501755","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study to determine the Orostachys spinosa dry extract effect on the white rats behavior in tests with positive reinforcement. \u0000Materials and methods. The experiments were carried out on Wistar rats. The O. spinosa dry extract effect at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg on animal behavior was assessed in the hypophagy and T-maze tests. \u0000Results. Against the background of the O. spinosa extract introductionat doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg, the number of animals fed in the hypophagy test was 1.6 and 1.8 times greater than in the control; the feed volume exceeded by 94 and 78%, respectively, the indicator in control group animals. On the 4th day of training, a conditioned reflex was formed in 100% of the animals treated with O. spinosa extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg. Against the background of the O. spinosa extract introduction at a dose of 100 mg/kg and the reference drug, a conditioned reflex was formed in 63 and 71% of the animals, respectively, which is 2.0 times higher than in the control. \u0000Conclusions. The O. spinosa dry extract in doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg has a positive effect on the removal of the anxiety level, promotes an increase in orienting-exploratory activity, and thereby accelerates a conditioned reflex development in white rats.","PeriodicalId":203264,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology & biological narcology","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114951436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Department of Pharmacology of the Imperial Medical and Surgical (Military Medical) Academy: the History of the second century of existence (1899-2000)","authors":"P. Shabanov","doi":"10.17816/phbn501756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/phbn501756","url":null,"abstract":"The article continues the consideration of the history of the development of the Department of Pharmacology of Medical and Surgical (since 1881 Military Medical) Academy with an emphasis on the second century of its existence (1899-2000). This period was marked by the improvement of both the teaching of the discipline, based on new pharmacological data, and the introduction of new methods of drug research. A significant event was the release of a 2-volume edition of N.P. Kravkov's Fundamentals of Pharmacology in 1904-1905, based on the introduction of the latest achievements of scientific knowledge in the field of pharmacology. Textbook N.P. Kravkov withstood 14 editions (the last one was published in 1936, 12 years after the author's death) and served as a model for the creation of all subsequent domestic textbooks and manuals on pharmacology in the twentieth century. In experimental pharmacology, the method of isolated organs (N.P. Kravkov and co-workers) has been widely used as a universal method for quantifying the pharmacological effect. In the 1920s, ideas about the synaptic effect of drugs were actively introduced (S.V. Anichkov and co-workers), the effects of N-cholinergic drugs realized through the sinocarotid zone of the carotid artery were discovered and studied. Biochemical studies began to be widely used, starting with the works of N.P. Kravkov, continued by N.V. Lazarev, V.M. Vinogradov, A.V. Smirnov. In fact, clinical pharmacology was created and promoted after the discovery and first use of the intravenous anesthetic hedonal (N.P. Kravkov), especially developed in the studies of N.V. Lazarev and V.M. Vinogradov. New ideas about antihypoxants and actoprotectors were formulated (V.M. Vinogradov) as necessary means of increasing combat capability, successfully used in military pharmacology at the end of the twentieth century (V.M. Vinogradov, A.V. Smirnov). All these achievements allow us to conclude about the unconditional success of the department both in academic and scientific terms.","PeriodicalId":203264,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology & biological narcology","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125087269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of synthetic folic acid surplus on neurological symptoms in offspring","authors":"D. Kachanov, А. Tikchonova, V. Orlova","doi":"10.17816/phbn501754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/phbn501754","url":null,"abstract":"Background. It has long been known about the need for folic acid for the vital activity of both macro-and microorganisms. It is necessary for the processes of methylation, nucleotide synthesis and also the formation of methionine and reducing the toxic effect of homocysteine. The addition of synthetic folic acid to the diet of pregnant women, as well as at the stage of pre-pregnancy preparation, significantly reduces the risks of fetal neural tube defects, heart defects, and possibly other organs and systems of the body. In addition, folic acid can help improve fertility potential. However, there is evidence of adverse effects of folic acid proficite on the health of older adults (hiding B12-deficient status) and the offspring of mothers taking high doses prescribed by medical specialists like a risks of infectious-inflammatory and allergic diseases of the upper respiratory tract in children, eczema, also disorders of psychomotor development and insulin resistance. In 1980, the direct excitatory effect of folic acid on synaptic transmission in the central nervous system was proved. This is due to the molecular structure, it contains L-glutamate. \u0000Therefore, the aim of the work was trying to prove the existing correlation data on probable neuropathologies, including a reduced threshold of seizures, a high risk of epilepsy in a model of offspring of Wistar rats with an increased dosage of folate throughout gestation and including at the stage of pre-gravidar preparation. \u0000Methods. We have determined the ability to the first convulsive act by introducing a 20% solution of caffeine at the rate of 100 mg/kg of weight intraperitoneally. \u0000Results. In the control group, the average clonus time was 1779.6 seconds, in the experimental group with a 1 mg/kg folic acid per diet dosage of 797.3 seconds, and in the second group with a 5 mg/kg folic acid per diet 439.7 seconds (p 0,01). \u0000Conclusion. The obtained results of the difference in the convulsive threshold may be due to changes in synaptic density as a result of an excess of synthetic folic acid during the formation of NT and subsequently during the differentiation of nervous tissue in the central nervous system (in particular, in the 3rd trimester with a massive appearance of glutamatergic receptors), which can affect the processes of neurogenesis and the formation of neural networks.","PeriodicalId":203264,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology & biological narcology","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127153458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of anxiolytic effects of mammalian and bony fish kisspeptins in Danio rerio","authors":"V. A. Goltz, A. Lebedev, A. A. Blazhenko, V. Lebedev, A. A. Bayramov, P. Khokhlov, E. Bychkov, S. S. Pyurveev, S. V. Kazakov, P. Shabanov","doi":"10.17816/phbn501442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/phbn501442","url":null,"abstract":"In our previous work, we suggested that analogues of mammalian kisspeptin Kiss1 reduce anxiety-phobic reactions to novelty in Danio rerio. The most effective dose for the action of the studied analogues of kisspeptin corresponded to 0.1 mg per 1000 ml of water. In this work, it was shown that other analog of mammalian kisspeptin Kiss1 at a dose of 0.1 mg per 1000 ml of water also reduced the anxious behavior of Danio fish. The effect of Kiss 1 and Kiss 2 kisspeptins on the behavior of Danio rerio was also evaluated. In the novel test it was revealed that the number of freezings decreased by 2 times against the background of the introduction of kisspeptin 10, and by 3 times after the introduction of the analogue of kisspepin. An analogue of mammalian kisspeptin reduced the freezing time by 2 times. The length of the trajectory decreased by 2 times under the influence of the mammalian Kiss 1 analogue of kisspeptin. Also, against the background of the action of kisspeptin 10, the number of transitions to the upper part of the tank increased by 2 times. After the introduction of the kisspeptin analogue, the number of transitions to the upper part of the aquarium increased by 3 times. In the predator test, the number and time of freezings decreased by 1.5 times against the background of the action of mammalian kisspeptins. The length of the trajectory after the introduction of kisspeptin bony fish and kisspeptin 10 mammals increased. The length of the trajectory after the introduction of Kiss1 increased by 1.5 times. The length of the trajectory after the introduction of Kiss2 increased by 3 times. After the introduction of kisspeptin 10, the trajectory increased by 2 times, and the time spent in the lower part of the tank decreased by 2 times. Kisspeptins of bony fish also reduced anxiety-phobic reactions in fish, but to a lesser extent. Thus, kisspeptin 10 and an analogue of mammalian kisspeptin in response to the presentation of a predator had more significant effects on anxiety in Danio rerio compared to the action of kisspeptin bony fish Kiss 1 and Kiss 2. It is concluded that bony fish kisspeptins and mammalian kisspeptins can reduce anxiety-phobic reactions in Danio rerio, but mammalian kisspeptins are most effective. Bony fish kisspeptin Kiss 1 has an anxiolytic effect in contrast to Kiss 2, which suggests that it affects the reduction of fear, and Kiss 2 seems to be responsible for social and sexual behavior. The results support the hypothesis that kisspeptins may be involved in the regulation of anxiety-phobic states, apparently to maintain the emotional aspects of reproductive behavior, such as sexual motivation and arousal.","PeriodicalId":203264,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology & biological narcology","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129654775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}