Geological Curator最新文献_第6页

Anoxic storage for 'pyrite decay' at Oxford University Museum of Natural History - an exercise in cost-efficiency as well as long-term preservation 牛津大学自然历史博物馆对“黄铁矿腐烂”进行缺氧储存，这是一种既节约成本又能长期保存的做法

Geological Curator Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.55468/gc407

Joy Irving, Philip Hadland

引用次数: 1

UK and Irish locations from which geological or palaeontologcal specimens are known to be prone to pyrite oxidation 英国和爱尔兰的地质或古生物标本已知容易发生黄铁矿氧化的地点

Geological Curator Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.55468/gc404

N. Larkin, C. Buttler, K. Miles

{"title":"UK and Irish locations from which geological or palaeontologcal specimens are known to be prone to pyrite oxidation","authors":"N. Larkin, C. Buttler, K. Miles","doi":"10.55468/gc404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55468/gc404","url":null,"abstract":"Pyrite oxidation (or pyrite decay) has been a problem in museum collections for many years. The damage to specimens can include total loss of the object and its label. There is no cure: the changes cannot be reversed but the process can be halted. Preventing pyrite oxidation in the first place is obviously preferable but maintaining the appropriate environmental conditions in a large storage area can be very difficult to achieve and monitoring the whole collection regularly for signs of pyrite decay may not be practicable. Therefore it would be useful for curators to know which specimens in their collection are most likely to suffer from pyrite decay. Whilst there is a great deal of literature published on the mechanisms of pyrite oxidation and its treatment, there has been very little describing which sorts of specimens are prone to the process. Alist of sites in the UK and Ireland from which problematic material is known is presented, with indications of what specimens from these sites are likely to suffer the most. This data has been crowd-sourced from curators, conservators, collectors and enthusiasts from around the UK and further afield. It is not definitive but is a starting point and can be added to over time. The most important specimens from sites identified on this list can be stored in appropriate environmental conditions and/or regularly monitored. They can also be digitally imaged or physically replicated through casting or 3D printing to preserve a record in case the worst should happen in the future.","PeriodicalId":203203,"journal":{"name":"Geological Curator","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128915161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pyrite oxidation: a history of treatments at the Natural History Museum, London 黄铁矿氧化:伦敦自然历史博物馆的治疗史

Geological Curator Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.55468/gc403

Anna Fenlon, L. Petrera

{"title":"Pyrite oxidation: a history of treatments at the Natural History Museum, London","authors":"Anna Fenlon, L. Petrera","doi":"10.55468/gc403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55468/gc403","url":null,"abstract":"Whilst surveying the palaeontology collections at the Natural History Museum London (NHM), a team of Conservation Technicians working on 'Project Airless' (a re-storage project for actively deteriorating pyritic specimens) kept a record of specimen labels describing past methods for treating pyrite oxidation, ranging from 'boiling in common soda' to treating with 'Savlon'. This prompted further research into the thinking behind these approaches, and resulted in a historical review of treatments used at the NHM and how they compare to current methods. The oxidisation of unstable pyritic material became a prominent issue during the development of geological collections in the 19th Century, when early collectors provided most insight into best practice storage of affected specimens, although it was not until the 20th century when more intensive research was conducted and recommended treatments for deteriorating pyritic material began to circulate. Regardless of the treatment, however, once specimens were returned to storage conditions of high relative humidity (RH) the reaction would often recur; this instigated the need for a more preventative approach focussing on reducing, if not eliminating, the key agents involved in the oxidation process: oxygen and high RH. Project Airless is the latest attempt at the NHM to combat pyrite oxidation on a large scale by storing affected specimens in anoxic microenvironments to prevent further deterioration. Severely affected specimens are also exposed to ammonia vapour in a method which has evolved from earlier treatments. Although commonly referred to as The Natural History Museum London, the museum was officially known as The British Museum (Natural History) until 1992, so for the purposes of this article the 'BM(NH)' will be referred to until this date, and the 'NHM' thereafter.","PeriodicalId":203203,"journal":{"name":"Geological Curator","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128387418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Counting the costs (of low-oxygen storage projects) 计算成本(低氧储存项目)

Geological Curator Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.55468/gc405

L. Allington-Jones

引用次数: 1

The Excavation of high Arctic, Late Jurassic - Early Cretaceous marine reptiles and their virtual and manual preparation 高北极晚侏罗世-早白垩世海生爬行动物的发掘及其虚拟和人工制备

Geological Curator Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.55468/gc410

A. Roberts, Manfred Funke, V. Engelschiøn, J. Hurum

{"title":"The Excavation of high Arctic, Late Jurassic - Early Cretaceous marine reptiles and their virtual and manual preparation","authors":"A. Roberts, Manfred Funke, V. Engelschiøn, J. Hurum","doi":"10.55468/gc410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55468/gc410","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The recent excavation of nearly 60 marine reptile specimens from the Slottsm�ya Member, central Spitsbergen (Svalbard, Norway) straddling the Late Jurassic- early Cretaceous boundary, has led to the testing of numerous novel excavation techniques in the field and developed preparatory methods in the laboratory. Key results of this laboratory work show that the use of the adhesive Mowilith, a polyvinylacetate dissolved in alcohol, represents a good alternative to paraloid-type adhesives for temporarily stabilizing extremely fractured material during preparation. Permanent cyanoacryoloid adhesives used on the material in the laboratory have successfully stabilized the specimens from further deterioration, although thorough cleaning prior to the application is required for a lasting effect. Finally, we present the case study of a plesiosaur skull, where computed tomography is utilised to support further preparation of the specimen. Computed tomography images were used as aid to locate the borders of the bone material, allowing for more of the surrounding matrix to be removed without causing damage to the specimen. We show utilisation of computer tomography provides a virtual preparation alternative for particularly fragile specimens.","PeriodicalId":203203,"journal":{"name":"Geological Curator","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121104070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Publish before they perish: Dealing with privately-owned specimens in palaeontology 在它们灭亡之前发表:处理古生物学中私人拥有的标本

Geological Curator Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.55468/gc312

O. Rauhut

引用次数: 1

Why palaeontologists must break the law: a polemic from an apologist. 为什么古生物学家必须违反法律:辩护者的辩论。

Geological Curator Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.55468/gc322

D. Martill

{"title":"Why palaeontologists must break the law: a polemic from an apologist.","authors":"D. Martill","doi":"10.55468/gc322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55468/gc322","url":null,"abstract":"This essay, opinion piece - rant, even - is my personal protest about ill-conceived legislation enacted by national governments to 'protect' fossils (e.g. Germany, Brazil, Australia, Canada and China to name but a few ). Legislation that renders fossil collecting illegal is not actually about protecting fossils because it rarely achieves this aim. What it does do is curtail people's freedom to collect and own fossils� surely a thoroughly harmless pastime. Such legislation also stifles the assembly of aesthetically appealing, and potentially scientifically important collections that, over time, become part of the fabric of our scientific and cultural heritage (e.g. the fabulous Etches collection on the UK's Jurassic Coast World Heritage Site (Williams 2017)), and it surely stifles scientific endeavour: the fewer fossils that come out of the ground, the fewer there are for palaeontologists to work on, or the public to admire (in museums or in their own collections). Fossils are not part of any nation's heritage, palaeontological or cultural while they remain undiscovered in the ground. As a jobbing palaeontologist I want fossil collecting to be a pastime enjoyed by all, and it will only do so if everyone is permitted to collect, not just a privileged few.","PeriodicalId":203203,"journal":{"name":"Geological Curator","volume":"s3-47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130213346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Palaeontological heritage: why legislate for it? 古生物学遗产:为什么要立法?

Geological Curator Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.55468/gc321

J. P. Abaide

{"title":"Palaeontological heritage: why legislate for it?","authors":"J. P. Abaide","doi":"10.55468/gc321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55468/gc321","url":null,"abstract":"The current emergence of new legal situations arising from the arising of new rights which, in turn, bring new interpretations to the discussion of concepts and theories relating to ethical values that involve humans and a modern capitalist society. The legal relationship between the state and the property included in its field in the past have been easily identified. Today, as government intervention in the economy contracts, questions arise about the relevance of their essential presence in the administration of this estate. So, in the list of new rights, environmental law comes with its various nuances. Standards have been studied that involve environmental protection in an almost coded manner, and arise because of an individualized area of study. However, as it is necessarily involved in other areas of law, this must lead again to rethinking and revisiting for a new theory. The enrichment of minorities to the detriment of the loss of public goods involves the loss of portions of national sovereignty and the citizenship of individuals. From the new Brazilian Constitutional Charter, whose state will be more vigilant compared to the assets that constitute their heritage, however, there is still no law regulating the updated protection and/or fossil trade, the consequences and reasons for which are explored. After consideration of the relevant legal articles pertaining to fossils, a classification scheme of fossils as public domain assets is proposed.","PeriodicalId":203203,"journal":{"name":"Geological Curator","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130978857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

"The extreme always seem to make an impression" : Conflict in palaeontology and suggestions for a solution (*Waters 1988) “极端似乎总能给人留下深刻印象”:古生物学中的冲突和解决方案的建议(*Waters 1988)

Geological Curator Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.55468/gc316

A. Maltese

引用次数: 1

Fighting about Fossils (again)? - A History of Science View of a Contemporary Controversy in Palaeontology 又在为化石吵架了?——当代古生物学争论的科学史观点

Geological Curator Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.55468/gc317

E. D. Jones

{"title":"Fighting about Fossils (again)? - A History of Science View of a Contemporary Controversy in Palaeontology","authors":"E. D. Jones","doi":"10.55468/gc317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55468/gc317","url":null,"abstract":"Dinosaur fossils are a simultaneous source of interest to palaeontologists and the public for their scientific, educational, entertainment, and commercial value. They are also a serious source of controversy. Specifically, this article addresses the story of \"Sue\" - the most complete Tyrannosaurus rex ever excavated. Sue, discovered by the Black Hills Institute of Geological Research in 1990, was confiscated by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, then auctioned and purchased for over eight million dollars by the Field Museum of Natural History with finances from McDonald's and Disney. One of the most well-known legal scandals in palaeontology today, Sue has been widely discussed, debated, and written about over the decades. Although Sue is the epitome of a contemporary palaeontological controversy, she is not the final word, and her story serves as a departure point for examining the broader debate over fossil ownership in the United States throughout the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. This paper's purpose is two-fold. First, this paper is from the perspective of a historian of science and explores the issues around the legal and illegal trading of fossils in contemporary palaeontology. In the process, I argue the importance of celebrity and the need to see it as an influential force in mobilising as well as destabilising scientific research. I also argue the importance of assumptions of authority in terms of who can access then analyse vertebrate fossil material, especially exceptional fossil finds like Sue with high media and monetary value. Overall, celebrity and assumptions of authority are underlying but unexamined causes of controversy that affect the production of knowledge in palaeontology, not only in the case of Sue, but throughout the history of palaeontology. Second, this paper only provides a snapshot of a complex issue. As such, it marks the start of a comprehensive historical, philosophical, and sociological project on what I view as a debate over fossil ownership that needs to be studied on both a national and international level.","PeriodicalId":203203,"journal":{"name":"Geological Curator","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122056571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0