Revue Paralia最新文献

{"title":"Une nouvelle approche pour la protection des plages : Application à la plage du lido de Sète","authors":"Damien Isèbe, F. Bouchette, Bijan Mohammadi, P. Azerad, A. Lambert, Nans Bujan, F. Grasso, H. Michallet","doi":"10.5150/JNGCGC.2008.025-I","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5150/JNGCGC.2008.025-I","url":null,"abstract":"Shape optimization techniques, focusing on coastal structures design, are used to solve coastal engineering problem. In collaboration with the Bas-Rhone Languedoc engineering Company, a actual development plan concerning the beach of the Lido of Sete has been studied. Optimal solutions, aimed at reducing sediments suspended, for defense structures have been obtained with a hydrodynamic water wave model. An additional study using a circulation model and experimental works in flume tend to validate optimal numerical results. Mots-cles : Genie Cotier – Optimisation de formes – Hydrodynamique littorale – Impact sur","PeriodicalId":202784,"journal":{"name":"Revue Paralia","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115492081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrodynamique sédimentaire sur le plateau continental du golfe du Lion","authors":"Yann Leredde, Héloïse Michaud","doi":"10.5150/JNGCGC.2008.011-L","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5150/JNGCGC.2008.011-L","url":null,"abstract":"Resume : L’hydrodynamique du plateau continental du Golfe du Lion est generalement induite par les vents. Les simulations numeriques realisees par les modeles numeriques de circulation oceanique cotiere aux equations primitives sont en general coherentes avec les observations in-situ. Tres peu d’observations etaient toutefois disponibles pendant les episodes de tempetes mediterraneennes. Aussi, la station BESSete (Bottom Experimental Station Sete), equipee d’un ADCP mesurant en continu les caracteristiques de houle et les profils verticaux de courants, a ete implantee sur le plateau sous 70 m. Les premieres donnees issues de cette station, acquises en fevrier-mars 2007, confirment les schemas de circulations induits par les vents de Nord (Mistral, Tramontane). Un episode de tempete (Hs>5m) a aussi pu etre observe le 18 fevrier 2007. De forts courants dont l’intensite peut atteindre 0,7 ms -1 y sont associes. Cette serie de donnees est ensuite utilisee pour calculer les tensions de cisaillements induites sur le fond. Sous 70 m, elles sont en general quasi-nulles excepte pendant l’episode de tempete ou l’action conjuguee des houles et des courants peut induire des contraintes susceptibles de mobiliser et deplacer le sediment fin present dans la zone. La tres forte intensite des courants mesures pendant la tempete amenent ensuite a reconsiderer les processus de transferts de quantite de mouvement entre atmosphere, ocean et sediments. Tres schematiquement, sur le plateau, des que la houle interagit avec le fond, la houle se transforme (refraction, dissipation) et transmettrait de la quantite de mouvement a l’echelle des courants moyens. Cette hypothese est retenue pour expliquer ces forts courants observes et pourrait etre confirmee par d’autres travaux theoriques et numeriques.","PeriodicalId":202784,"journal":{"name":"Revue Paralia","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129574093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caractérisation hydrodynamique sur un littoral à barres festonnées du golfe du Lion (Leucate, France) : mesures in- situ et modélisation.","authors":"Pierre Ferrer, Nans Bujan, R. Certain, Yann Leredde","doi":"10.5150/JNGCGC.2008.007-F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5150/JNGCGC.2008.007-F","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the hydrodynamic study of a microtidal double crescentic bars system. To understand the coastal evolution of Leucate-Plage (LanguedocRoussillon, France), a hydrodynamic survey has been realized, added to numerical studies with Q-3D SHORECIRC model for more dynamic unobserved conditions. Hydrodynamic maps with observed data have been produced. The numeric hydrodynamic maps show good analogies in the shoaling zone but some difference in the surf zone.","PeriodicalId":202784,"journal":{"name":"Revue Paralia","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128066021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is phytoextraction a suitable green treatment for metal contaminated sediments","authors":"S. Huguet, G. Sarret, V. Bert, M. Isaure, O. Proux, A. Flank, V. Hammade, D. Bulteel, A. Laboudigue","doi":"10.5150/REVUE-PARALIA.2010.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5150/REVUE-PARALIA.2010.004","url":null,"abstract":"The cleaning of waterways by regular dredging generates great volumes of sediments and, owing to human activities, these sediments often contain large amounts of metals. For some of these contaminated sediments, a treatment by phytoextraction could be considered. To our knowledge, phytoextraction with hyperaccumulating plants has been rarely tested on heavily contaminated sediments. This work consisted in a preliminary study of Cd phytoextraction potentialities and focused on the fate of Cd present in a metal-polluted dredged sediment during the culture of Arabidopsis halleri, a Zn and Cd hyperaccumulating plant. In this purpose, a five month pot experiment was achieved; results obtained for the first four months of monitoring are presented here. Cd contents in the sediment, in the aerial parts of plant and in the leachates were measured each month. Cd speciation in the sediment was studied by EXAFS and µXANES spectroscopy, Cd localization by SEM-EDX and µXRF. Before culture, Cd was present as mixed Zn, Cd and Fe sulphide in the sediment. Version traduite : La phytoextraction est-elle un traitement \"vert\" approprie pour les sediments contamines en metaux ? La maintenance des voies navigables par dragages reguliers genere de grands volumes de sediment et, suite aux activites humaines, ces sediments contiennent souvent de grandes quantites de metaux. Pour certains de ces sediments contamines, un traitement par phytoextraction pourrait etre envisage. A notre connaissance, la phytoextraction utilisant des plantes hyperaccumulatrices a rarement ete testee sur des sediments contamines en metaux. Ce travail est une etude preliminaire sur le potentiel de la phytoextraction du cadmium (Cd). Il porte sur le devenir du Cd present dans un sediment de curage contamine par des metaux lors de la culture d’Arabidopsis halleri, plante hyperaccumulatrice de Zn et de Cd. Dans ce but, une experience de culture en pot de cinq mois est realisee ; les resultats obtenus pendant les quatre premiers mois du suivi de culture sont presentes ici. Les teneurs en Cd contenues dans le sediment, dans les parties aeriennes de la plante et dans les lixiviats sont mesurees chaque mois. La speciation du Cd present dans le sediment est etudiee par spectroscopie EXAFS et µXANES et la localisation par MEB-EDX et µXRF. Mots-cles: Arabidopsis halleri; Cadmium (Cd); Hyperaccumulation; Phytoextraction; Sediment; Speciation.","PeriodicalId":202784,"journal":{"name":"Revue Paralia","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130976938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Etude de la répartition des vitesses interstitielles au sein d’un lit perméable sous un écoulement à surface libre","authors":"Mustapha Kamel Mihoubi, M. Bélorgey, D. Levacher, A. Kettab","doi":"10.5150/REVUE-PARALIA.2008.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5150/REVUE-PARALIA.2008.001","url":null,"abstract":"Les processus physiques associes au transport sedimentaire n’ont ete abordes jusqu’a maintenant qu’a partir d’analyses du champ de vitesses au sein d’une veine fluide. La plupart des modeles ont ete etablis pour des ecoulements sur des fonds impermeables. L’objectif de cette etude a ete d’exploiter la technique ultrasonore VDU pour l’analyse du champ de vitesses au sein d’un ecoulement permanent sur un fond sedimentaire poreux. Les vitesses sont mesurees pour differents lits sedimentaires; et ce; dans la veine fluide et au sein du sediment. Les resultats acquis mettent en evidence : (i) une repartition exponentielle des vitesses a l’interieur du sediment ; (ii) une discontinuite de vitesse a l’interface eau-sediment; entre la vitesse dans l’ecoulement libre et la vitesse au sein du sediment. Ces resultats suggerent la necessite d’une nouvelle approche d’analyse du transport sedimentaire qui doit tenir compte de la realite des processus physiques qui regissent la phase d’interface eau/sediment. Translated version: Analysis of the velocity field inside a sedimentary bed associated to a free surface steady flow The physical processes associated with the sedimentary transport were approached until now only starting from analyses of the velocity field within the fluid vein.  The majority of the models were established for flows on impermeable bottoms. The purpose of our technical study is to exploit the ultrasonic technique UDV to analyze the velocities field within a permanent flow on a porous sedimentary bottom. Velocities are measured for several sedimentary beds; both within the fluid flume and the sediment. Our results highlight: (i) An exponential velocities distribution inside the sediment, (ii) A velocity discontinuity of the interface water/sediment; between velocity in the free flow and velocity within the sediment. These results highlight the need for basing the analysis of sedimentary transport which must consider the reality of the physical processes at the interface water/sediment. Keywords: Alveolar foam; Interface; Ultrasonic Doppler Velocimetry (UDV); Porosity; Sediment; Reynolds number; Shear stress.","PeriodicalId":202784,"journal":{"name":"Revue Paralia","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130366331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mud and sand effects on wave propagation over the French Guiana coasts","authors":"H. Michaud, O. Morio, E. Gensac, R. Osinski, A. Dalphinet, S. Casitas, A. Pasquet","doi":"10.5150/jngcgc.2018.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5150/jngcgc.2018.011","url":null,"abstract":"The dampening effect of waves by soft mud layers is observed throughout the spectrum, in laboratory (WELLS & KEMP, 1986) as on the Louisiana or Guyana coasts (WINTERWERP et al., 2007; GENSAC, 2012). Since the bi-layer theoretical approach of GADE (1958), multi parameterizations have been proposed and implemented in wave numerical models (e.g. ROGERS & HOLLAND, 2009) but many efforts of calibrations and additional works are still required to obtain realistic representations of in situ processes. The Guyanese's coast are impacted by the Amazon sediments discharge whose 20 to 30 % migrate longshore either in turbid or in mud banks forms due to the waves and current combined actions (BISCARA, 2016). These mud banks cause rapid coastline variations, leading to accretion, erosion and submersion risks. The French operational wave forecasting system at coastal scale is based on WAVEWATCH III ® (WW3, TOLMAN, 2016), using an unstructured grid that covers Guiana with a resolution of 200 m nearshore. An implementation has been realized in 2017 in the framework of the HOMONIM project (History, Observation, Modeling sea levels, joint SHOM and Meteo-France project) for the French Guiana coasts however this version didn't include the effects of the mud and sand banks on waves. In this paper, we evaluate the mud effect on the wave propagation in order to improve the future version of the operational French Guiana configuration. Numerical tests on different parameterizations are performed on a laboratory case, to assess the behaviour of WW3. A more specific application on Guiana is carried out via the creation of a seabed map (grain size) as well as a fine description of the characteristics and location of the mud banks, thanks to high resolution satellite imagery and in-situ data. 1. Introduction Guyana shoreline is characterised by muddy sedimentation fed continuously by deposits brought to the ocean by the Amazon, 800 km further south. At the mouth of the river, this intense sediment load is set in motion by the North Brazilian current and swell, and spread along the coast of Guyana during its ascent to the north. The sediments that are deposited form huge mud banks (up to 5 m thick, 10 to 60 km long, 20 to 30 km wide and 15 to 25 km apart) that migrate rapidly (1 to 5 km.y-1) in low water depth (< 20 m) causing rapid coastline morphological changes which are difficult to predict. The mud banks present on the entire coast of Guyana quickly absorb and dissipate wave energy across the full spectrum (about 70% and more, (WELLS & KEMP, 1986)) and in particular short waves to long waves as long as they pass through the sedimentary body. In the HOMONIM project, the objective is to develop a wave forecasting model in order to better anticipate flooding from the sea and to improve warning systems on French metropolitan and overseas coasts. Initial configurations have been delivered since 2014. For Guiana, a first version was produced in 2016 (V1), based on the WAVEWATC","PeriodicalId":202784,"journal":{"name":"Revue Paralia","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127653287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Un programme opérationnel d'identification des modes de gestion durable des sédiments marins : le projet SEDI.MAR.D. 83","authors":"Jean-Luc Aqua, Pierre Boissery, C. Alzieu","doi":"10.5150/REVUE-PARALIA.2009.S01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5150/REVUE-PARALIA.2009.S01","url":null,"abstract":"Pour permettre le fonctionnement et le developpement des etablissements portuaires mais egalement participer a l’entretien et la restauration des milieux naturels aquatiques, les gestionnaires de ces derniers doivent entreprendre des operations de dragage. Les pratiques systematiques de rejet en mer presentent un risque fort de dispersion de produits ecotoxiques pour ce milieu tres sensible. Elles sont, de fait, soumises a des legislations nationales, europeennes et internationales de plus en plus contraignantes. Concernant le dragage portuaire, la procedure reglementaire francaise est adaptee a une gestion aquatique (immersion) des sediments. A l’inverse, l’encadrement juridique relatif a une gestion a terre des sediments reste a preciser. Du fait du niveau de contamination de leurs sediments, de nombreux ports de la cote mediterraneenne ont a trouver une alternative aux immersions. Ils sont donc confrontes au double probleme de l'absence de solutions techniques suffisantes et de l’absence d’un contexte reglementaire precis sur le devenir a terre des sediments. Le projet SEDI.MAR.D. 83 lance par le Conseil General du Var s’inscrit dans son contexte et a eu pour objectif d’apporter des elements de reponses sur les points suivants : caracterisation de ce nouveau dechet \"sediments non immergeables\", definition et evaluation de sa dangerosite, recherche et evaluation des filieres terrestre de valorisation et essais de traitements. Translated version: Identification of modalities for marine sediments sustainable management – An operational program unit: the SEDI.MAR.D. 83 project Dredged operations are necessary to maintain and develop the economical activities of harbours and to restore the natural aquatic areas. These dredging operations are conducted under the authority of the port managers. The systematic habit of dumping dredged sediments at sea presents an important risk of dispersion of ecotoxic substances by spreading on the seabed. This explains the more and more restrictive national, European or international recommendations. French regulations in the field of port and harbour sediments management are only adapted to dumping at sea. There are no specific regulations for the deposition of marine sediments on land. Many Mediterranean ports have to deal with highly contaminated sediments the dumping of which is forbidden. So, the port authorities are confronted (i) with finding appropriate technical solutions to treat on land and to eliminate these sediments, and (ii) to propose practical recommendations and regulations for a land management of these types of sediments. In this context, the \"SEDI.MAR.D. 83\" project initiated under the authority of the Conseil General du Var was planned to clarify the following points: (i) characterization of the sediments as waste material, (ii) dangerousness of these sediments, (iii) beneficial uses of such dredged sediments and inherent testing. Keywords: SEDI.MAR.D. 83 project; Marine sediment; Beneficial u","PeriodicalId":202784,"journal":{"name":"Revue Paralia","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121062712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opportunités, limites et frontières de l’évaluation des aléas extrêmes : Plongée au cœur du travail des experts scientifiques de l’IRSN","authors":"Michaël Mangeon, Claire-Marie Duluc, Lise Bardet, Nathalie Giloy, Yasser Hamdi, Olivier Chanton","doi":"10.5150/revue-paralia.2020.s01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5150/revue-paralia.2020.s01","url":null,"abstract":"Cette communication presente un recit et une analyse du travail des experts scientifiques du Bureau d'expertise en hydrogeologie, risques inondation, meteorologiques et geotechniques (BEHRIG) de l’IRSN « en train de se faire ». Le cas presente est celui du developpement, apres l’inondation de la centrale nucleaire du Blayais en 1999, de nouvelles methodes scientifiques visant la prise en compte d’un phenomene maritime nomme « surcote ». A travers cette communication, nous souhaitons interroger les frontieres du travail des experts scientifiques, entre science, incertitude et interpretation.","PeriodicalId":202784,"journal":{"name":"Revue Paralia","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133770086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revue des aspects maritimes du dessalement d'eau de mer","authors":"J. Bougis","doi":"10.5150/revue-paralia.2013.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5150/revue-paralia.2013.001","url":null,"abstract":"Depuis une trentaine d’annees, la production d’eau douce par le dessalement d’eau de mer se developpe rapidement pour differents usages : eau potable, usages domestiques et industriels, irrigation. Apres un bref apercu historique et le rappel des differents procedes industriels disponibles, les differents aspects maritimes sont abordes : modes de prise d’eau indirects et directs, rejet des saumures, contraintes environnementales, tenue a la mer des ouvrages, criteres de choix technologiques et economiques. Translated version: Review of maritime aspects of seawater desalination For around thirty years, the production of fresh water from the desalination of sea water has been quickly developing for various uses: drinking water, domestic and industrial use, irrigation. After a brief historical reminder and an overview of various available industrial processes, the various maritime aspects are approached: indirect or direct sea water intake facilities, brines discharge, environmental requirements, marine structures seaworthiness, technological and economic criteria. Keywords: Sea water desalination; Coastal well; Beach well; Subsurface flow drains; Horizontal directional drains; Seabed intake facility; Brine discharge.","PeriodicalId":202784,"journal":{"name":"Revue Paralia","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115163657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of SfM photogrammetry for morphological changes on gravel beaches: Dugi Rat case study (Croatia)","authors":"K. Pikelj, S. Ilic, M. James, B. Kordić","doi":"10.5150/CMCM.2015.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5150/CMCM.2015.014","url":null,"abstract":"Glavica (natural) and Dugi Rat (artificial) gravel beaches in Croatia were monitored using ground-based photography and structure-from-motion (SfM) photogrammetry, in order to assess morphological changes after storm events. In contrast to stormy waves caused by Bora winds (NE), Sirocco winds (SE) induced waves which initiated morphological changes on both beaches. Beach orientation with respect to the prevailing wind directions is the governing factor determining direction and quantity of sediment transport. We demonstrate that the SfM approach using Agisoft PhotoScan Pro and high accuracy dGPS measurement can give DEMs with error on control points generally <2cm and thus are suitable for assessing morphological changes that exceed ~5 cm.","PeriodicalId":202784,"journal":{"name":"Revue Paralia","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130202538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}