Plant Health Progress最新文献_第8页

Fine fescue species vary in their susceptibility to snow molds 细羊茅对雪霉菌的易感性各不相同

IF 2.3

Plant Health Progress Pub Date : 2023-07-19 DOI: 10.1094/php-06-23-0056-rs

P. Koch, M. Chou, James Murphy, Kyle Genova, James W. Hempfling, B. Clarke

引用次数: 0

Prevalence, spatial distribution, and population density of plant-parasitic nematodes in vegetable fields of North Carolina, South Carolina, and Tennessee counties 北卡罗莱纳州、南卡罗来纳州和田纳西州菜地植物寄生线虫的流行、空间分布和种群密度

IF 2.3

Plant Health Progress Pub Date : 2023-07-16 DOI: 10.1094/php-05-23-0044-s

Adrienne M. Gorny, E. Reeves, Andrew Scruggs, I. Meadows

{"title":"Prevalence, spatial distribution, and population density of plant-parasitic nematodes in vegetable fields of North Carolina, South Carolina, and Tennessee counties","authors":"Adrienne M. Gorny, E. Reeves, Andrew Scruggs, I. Meadows","doi":"10.1094/php-05-23-0044-s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/php-05-23-0044-s","url":null,"abstract":"Plant-parasitic nematodes are a diverse group of soilborne plant pathogens that limit the yield of numerous vegetable crops globally. Few studies have investigated nematode populations affecting vegetable crops in Tennessee and North and South Carolinas. Between December 2020 and October 2022, vegetable fields in selected counties of these states were sampled for plant-parasitic nematodes. Data on the prevalence, spatial distribution, and population density of seven genera of plant-parasitic nematodes, identified via morphology, were collected. Root-knot nematodes were identified in 60% of the total fields sampled, with population densities ranging from 10 to 10,400 nematodes per 500 cc soil. Detection rates of other genera as percentage of total fields sampled were as follows: spiral (42%), stubby root (32%), stunt (21%), ring (13%), and lesion (8%) nematodes. Out of eight crops sampled, fields either currently or formerly planted to tomato or pepper were the most frequently sampled in the survey (77% of total fields). This is the first survey to collect data on populations of plant-parasitic nematodes in this region, and results highlight the need for continued surveillance and study of their impact in vegetable production.","PeriodicalId":20251,"journal":{"name":"Plant Health Progress","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46334294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diet and injection, important recommendations to characterize Clavibacter michiganensis-tomato interactions 饮食和注射，重要的建议，以表征密歇根州克拉维杆菌与番茄的相互作用

IF 2.3

Plant Health Progress Pub Date : 2023-07-13 DOI: 10.1094/php-04-23-0040-rs

Annie Brochu, Jeanne Durivage, Dagoberto Torres Garcia, E. Pérez-López

{"title":"Diet and injection, important recommendations to characterize Clavibacter michiganensis-tomato interactions","authors":"Annie Brochu, Jeanne Durivage, Dagoberto Torres Garcia, E. Pérez-López","doi":"10.1094/php-04-23-0040-rs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/php-04-23-0040-rs","url":null,"abstract":"Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most important vegetables in the world. Its extensive cultivation has made this plant the target of many viral, fungal, and bacterial diseases. Among them, the bacterial canker of tomato caused by Clavibacter michiganensis (Cm) has been named one of the most devastating diseases affecting the tomato industry worldwide. It can significantly reduce the yields and profitability of this crop. One of the big challenges we found when working with Cm and trying to characterize the virulence of different isolates was the lack of a consensus methodology to inoculate tomato plants, how to fertilize them and characterize Cm virulence. This research aimed to identify an artificial inoculation method to induce bacterial canker on tomato plants in greenhouse conditions to homogenize the results of different studies with Cm. We compared two inoculation methods, including the scalpel and syringe method with two levels of fertilization, low and high fertilization. After evaluating several variables like the percentage of necrotic leaves and the height of the plants, the results showed that the syringe inoculation with low fertilization was the most effective inoculation method allowing the development of a multilevel scale that can be used to study the interaction between tomato plants and Cm isolates.","PeriodicalId":20251,"journal":{"name":"Plant Health Progress","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44793576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fusarium species recovered from postharvest hemp materials from Kentucky fields 从肯塔基州收获后的大麻材料中发现镰刀菌

IF 2.3

Plant Health Progress Pub Date : 2023-07-10 DOI: 10.1094/php-06-23-0054-rs

D. Szarka, Henry S. Smith, E. Dixon, M. Munir, M. Rahnama, N. Gauthier

{"title":"Fusarium species recovered from postharvest hemp materials from Kentucky fields","authors":"D. Szarka, Henry S. Smith, E. Dixon, M. Munir, M. Rahnama, N. Gauthier","doi":"10.1094/php-06-23-0054-rs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/php-06-23-0054-rs","url":null,"abstract":"As hemp becomes established as a commodity in the U.S., continued cultivation demands a greater understanding of the pathogens that affect the consumable portions such as flowers and grain. Four Fusarium spp. have been confirmed to cause Fusarium head blight on hemp in Kentucky. Several Fusarium species, including F. graminearum, that are known to produce mycotoxins have been confirmed pathogenic on hemp. Fusarium mycotoxins are regulated in grains used for human and animal consumption. Determining which Fusarium species infect hemp is the first step to producing safe material. While field disease is under investigation, there have been no studies regarding stored hemp. Harvested and stored floral material for production of cannabidiol (CBD) were collected from seven Kentucky producers from 2019 and 2020 harvests. Material was screened using a Fusarium-selective medium and DNA sequencing. At least 12 different species were isolated, most from the Incarnatum-equiseti species complex (75.6%). Species from the Sambucinum (16.3%), Oxysporum (0.8%), Fujikuroi (5.7%), and Solani (1.6%) species complexes were also identified. Additional research is essential to determine whether these Fusarium species are pathogenic or saprophytic, and if they can produce toxins dangerous for humans and animals. Such information is crucial to determine how to store hemp, manage infected material, and promote successful production of hemp products.","PeriodicalId":20251,"journal":{"name":"Plant Health Progress","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48282102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of fungicides on dual-purpose and brown midrib Zea mays hybrids used for silage in Wisconsin 杀菌剂对威斯康星州用于青贮饲料的玉米-玉米两用和褐色杂交种的影响

IF 2.3

Plant Health Progress Pub Date : 2023-07-10 DOI: 10.1094/php-04-23-0036-rs

M. Chibuogwu, B. Mueller, C. Groves, Damon L. Smith

{"title":"Impact of fungicides on dual-purpose and brown midrib Zea mays hybrids used for silage in Wisconsin","authors":"M. Chibuogwu, B. Mueller, C. Groves, Damon L. Smith","doi":"10.1094/php-04-23-0036-rs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/php-04-23-0036-rs","url":null,"abstract":"Decisions about hybrid choice and fungicide application when growing corn (Zea mays L.) for silage are important considerations to maximize sustainable production. The objective of the research was to evaluate how brown midrib (BMR) hybrids compare to dual-purpose hybrids and how fungicides interact with these two classes of corn hybrids. To explore this, field research trials were conducted in Arlington, Wisconsin, in 2020 and 2021. In both years, the trials were arranged in a randomized complete block design and included one brown midrib hybrid, one dual-purpose hybrid, and seven fungicide application regimes. In-field disease rating was done for tar spot (caused by Phyllachora maydis), ear rot and stalk rot (caused by Gibberella zeae). Harvested silage was analyzed for yield, quality, and deoxynivalenol (DON) concentration. The selection of hybrid significantly (P < 0.01) influenced the silage quality parameters like starch and total tract neutral detergent fiber digestibility (TTNDFD), a measure of fiber digested throughout the tract of a cow. Fungicide use influenced dry matter yield (P < 0.05), tar spot severity (P < 0.01), and deoxynivalenol concentration (P = 0.05). Our findings suggest that using appropriate fungicides improves yield and reduces disease severity and DON contamination. Better quality silage could be obtained from BMR hybrids at the expense of yield. Therefore, Wisconsin farmers are encouraged to primarily utilize a dual-purpose class of corn hybrids to ensure optimal milk production and secondarily apply fungicides to reduce DON levels in corn chopped for silage.","PeriodicalId":20251,"journal":{"name":"Plant Health Progress","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46857141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

First Report of Cockscomb Root Rot Caused by Fusarium solani in Iraq 伊拉克鸡冠根部腐病枯萎病初报

IF 2.3

Plant Health Progress Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.1094/php-05-23-0048-br

Safa J. Shehan, R. G. Abdalmoohsin, Z. M. A. Jeddoa, A. Lahuf

{"title":"First Report of Cockscomb Root Rot Caused by Fusarium solani in Iraq","authors":"Safa J. Shehan, R. G. Abdalmoohsin, Z. M. A. Jeddoa, A. Lahuf","doi":"10.1094/php-05-23-0048-br","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/php-05-23-0048-br","url":null,"abstract":"Cockscomb (Celosia argentea L.) is one of the most important ornamental plants in Iraq. In August 2021, severe root rot of cockscomb plants was observed with an incidence of 30% in all of the nurseries surveyed in Karbala and Babylon Provinces, Iraq. The symptoms appeared as severe leaf chlorosis and wilting with brown discoloration of the stem vascular bundle associated with dark brown lesions on the root that extended to the root collar and became extensive rot. Morphological features of 50% of the fungal colonies were identical and similar to Fusarium spp. The internal transcribed spacer, translation elongation factor, RNA polymerase I, and II, beta-tubulin 1, and the mitochondrial small-subunit ribosomal RNA genes were amplified, and sequenced. BLASTn analysis of these genetic marker’s sequences exhibited 99.84 to 100 % similarity with the corresponding global sequences of the Fusarium solani (Mart.). This identification was confirmed by the phylogenetic analysis of the concatenated sequences of the genetic markers. Although F. solani has caused economic damage to a broad range of commercially important plants in Iraq, to our knowledge, this is the first report of F. solani causing root rot of Cockscomb (C. argentea) in Iraq.","PeriodicalId":20251,"journal":{"name":"Plant Health Progress","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61309964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Distribution and incidence of watermelon crinkle leaf-associated virus 1, watermelon crinkle leaf-associated virus 2, and other viruses in cucurbits in South Florida 西瓜皱叶病毒1、西瓜皱叶病毒2和其他病毒在南佛罗里达葫芦中的分布和发病率

IF 2.3

Plant Health Progress Pub Date : 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.1094/php-02-23-0014-s

K. Hendricks, P. Roberts

{"title":"Distribution and incidence of watermelon crinkle leaf-associated virus 1, watermelon crinkle leaf-associated virus 2, and other viruses in cucurbits in South Florida","authors":"K. Hendricks, P. Roberts","doi":"10.1094/php-02-23-0014-s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/php-02-23-0014-s","url":null,"abstract":"A survey of cucurbits grown in South Florida was conducted from 2020-2022 for viruses. A total of 481 plant samples (470 cucurbit and 11 non-cucurbit) included watermelon, squash, cantaloupe, cucumber, zucchini, five weeds commonly found in cucurbit fields, cowpea, and two vegetable volunteer plants growing in a watermelon field. Samples were tested for cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (CCYV), squash vein yellowing virus (SqVYV), papaya ringspot virus-W (PRSV-W), watermelon crinkle leaf-associated virus 1 (WCLaV-1), watermelon crinkle leaf-associated virus 2 (WCLaV-2), cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (CYSDV), and cucurbit leaf crumple virus (CuLCrV). All seven viruses were detected with WCLaV-1 as the predominant virus found in cucurbits, followed by CYSDV and WCLaV-2. The majority of samples were mixed infections containing two or more viruses. Host tissue testing found the peduncle was a good source for testing for all viruses. Host symptoms were variable on leaves for WCLaV-1 and WCLaV-2 and in mixed infections with the other five viruses. More studies are required to ascertain the role of WCLaV-1 and WCLaV-2 in mixed infections and their effect on plant health, fruit quality, and yield.","PeriodicalId":20251,"journal":{"name":"Plant Health Progress","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47433949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Diagnostic Guide to Phytopythium helicoides and Phytopythium vexans causing Root and Crown Rot Diseases 引起根腐病和冠腐病的螺旋藻和涡旋藻诊断指南

IF 2.3

Plant Health Progress Pub Date : 2023-06-21 DOI: 10.1094/php-01-23-0003-dg

Bhawana Ghimire, F. Baysal-Gurel

{"title":"A Diagnostic Guide to Phytopythium helicoides and Phytopythium vexans causing Root and Crown Rot Diseases","authors":"Bhawana Ghimire, F. Baysal-Gurel","doi":"10.1094/php-01-23-0003-dg","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/php-01-23-0003-dg","url":null,"abstract":"Phytopythium was initially grouped with closely related species of the Pythium group, which German botanist Nathanael Pringsheium first described in 1858. Later with the progress in studies of this group, the clade K (Ovatisporagnium) of the genus Pythium was concluded to be more closely related to the genus Phytophthora than Pythium. Ovatisporangium in the Pythium group was then replaced by the term Phytopythium. Hence, the genus Phytopythium is relatively new and is different from Pythium (Bala et al. 2010; Lodhi et al. 2020; Tkaczyk 2020). It exhibits intermediate morphological features between Phytophthora and Pythium but is unique in having internally proliferating papillate sporangia and cylindrical or lobate antheridia (De Cock et al. 2015). Phytopythium helicoides (Abad, De Cock, Bala, Robideau, Lodhi & Levesque) and Phytopythium vexans (Abad, De Cock, Bala, Robideau, Lodhi & Levesque) are two closely related emerging oomycete plant pathogens in the Phytopythium group. Several other names have been provided to P. helicoides in the past such as Pythium helicoides (Drechsler 1930) and Ovatisporangium helicoides (Azizi et al. 2013) whereas P. vexans (Ivors et al. 2008) was called Pythium vexans and Ovatisporangium vexans (Uzuhashi et al. 2010).","PeriodicalId":20251,"journal":{"name":"Plant Health Progress","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45921371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of seed treatments and yield potential on infected soybean seed 种子处理和产量潜力对侵染大豆种子的影响

IF 2.3

Plant Health Progress Pub Date : 2023-06-19 DOI: 10.1094/php-03-23-0019-rs

Alexandria Jade Haafke, Y. Kandel, J. Batzer, N. K. Dangal, D. Mueller

{"title":"Effects of seed treatments and yield potential on infected soybean seed","authors":"Alexandria Jade Haafke, Y. Kandel, J. Batzer, N. K. Dangal, D. Mueller","doi":"10.1094/php-03-23-0019-rs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/php-03-23-0019-rs","url":null,"abstract":"Diaporthe seed decay (DSD) is an endemic disease throughout most soybean growing regions. A major outbreak of DSD occurred in 2018 in Iowa and other parts of the U.S. The most prevalent fungi associated with this outbreak in Iowa were Diaporthe longicolla and D. caulivora. We established field experiments in 2019 and 2020 in two central Iowa locations to evaluate the effects of seed treatments and yield potential of Diaporthe-infected seed lots. Seed of the same variety but originating from different sources were categorized as “good” or “bad” seed and depending on percent of Diaporthe-infected seed. Four seed treatments were tested, and results indicated that there were differences in plant stand, plant health (normalized difference vegetation index and canopy coverage) (both years), and yield (2019) between both seed lots. The good seed lot had about 9% greater yield than the bad seed lot (P < 0.001), while seed lots had similar yield in 2020 (P = 0.822). Seed treatments improved stand, canopy greenness, and canopy coverage, but did not affect yield in either year. For the yield potential experiment, there were minimal differences in plant health and no differences in yield between good and bad seed lots thinned to the same plant population in both years. These results suggest Diaporthe-infected seed lots with lower germination and plant stand resulted in less yield, and seed treatments can improve soybean stand, canopy greenness, and coverage. Also, Diaporthe-infected seed did not affect soybean growth and development or yield once plant stand was established.","PeriodicalId":20251,"journal":{"name":"Plant Health Progress","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44368466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Summarized distribution of the southern root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, in field crops in the United States 综述了南方根结线虫(Meloidogyne incognita)在美国大田作物中的分布

IF 2.3

Plant Health Progress Pub Date : 2023-06-05 DOI: 10.1094/php-04-23-0031-br

T. Faske, J. Mueller, J. O. Becker, E. Bernard, C. Bradley, J. Bond, J. Desaeger, J. Eisenback, Z. Grabau, Jiahuai Hu, R. Kemerait, A. Koehler, K. Lawrence, H. Mehl, R. Rudolph, E. Sikora, Steve Thomas, N. Walker, T. Wheeler, J. A. Wrather, W. Ye, Lei Zhang

引用次数: 0