Plant Health Progress最新文献

Avocado scab caused by Elsinoe perseae: A diagnostic guide 由 Elsinoe perseae 引起的鳄梨疮痂病：诊断指南

IF 2.3

Plant Health Progress Pub Date : 2023-12-19 DOI: 10.1094/php-10-23-0084-dg

Christ Mane Belizaire, Lederson Gañán-Betancur, Romina Gazis

引用次数: 0

Subsurface Seep Irrigation Effects on Omnivorous Nematode Vertical Distribution in Lysimeters 地下渗灌对溶胞器中杂食线虫垂直分布的影响

IF 2.3

Plant Health Progress Pub Date : 2023-12-19 DOI: 10.1094/php-08-23-0070-rs

Benjamin Waldo, Maria Mendes, William T. Crow

引用次数: 0

First report of mixed infection of jasmine mosaic associated virus (JMaV) and jasmine virus H (JaVH) in Jasmine spp. in Florida, USA 首次报告美国佛罗里达州茉莉花属植物混合感染茉莉花花叶病毒 (JMaV) 和茉莉花病毒 H (JaVH) 的情况

IF 2.3

Plant Health Progress Pub Date : 2023-11-27 DOI: 10.1094/php-08-23-0073-br

K. Dey, M. Velez-Climent, Patricia Soria, John D. McVay, Scott Adkins

{"title":"First report of mixed infection of jasmine mosaic associated virus (JMaV) and jasmine virus H (JaVH) in Jasmine spp. in Florida, USA","authors":"K. Dey, M. Velez-Climent, Patricia Soria, John D. McVay, Scott Adkins","doi":"10.1094/php-08-23-0073-br","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/php-08-23-0073-br","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past 24 years, virus-like symptoms have been observed on Jasminum spp. in Florida. In September 2018, symptomatic Angelwing jasmine leaves from a hedge in Alachua, Florida were tested for jasmine mosaic-associated virus (JMaV) and jasmine virus H (JaVH). Identification of expected size amplicons was confirmed by sequencing (Accession No. MN245037, MT559755). In December 2018, symptomatic samples from two Gold Coast jasmine plants from St. Lucie County, Florida were similarly tested. Only JaVH tested positive (Accession No. MN442626). In July 2019, Angelwing jasmine hedge in Orange County, Florida, exhibiting similar symptoms tested positive only for JaVH (GenBank accession MN442627). In April 2023, samples from a symptomatic Gold Coast jasmine hedge in Indian River County, Florida, also tested positive only for JaVH. In May 2023, a symptomatic Angelwing jasmine sample from Miami-Dade County tested positive for both JMaV and JaVH. This is the first report of JMaV and JaVH in single or mixed infections in jasmine in Florida, adding to the known virus species infecting jasmine in the state. Since jasmine is propagated vegetatively, it is likely that dissemination of cuttings made from infected plants is responsible for widespread distribution of these viruses.","PeriodicalId":20251,"journal":{"name":"Plant Health Progress","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139230731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating the utilization of synthetic oligonucleotides as a positive control in the detection of ToBRFV in pepper seeds 评估利用合成寡核苷酸作为阳性对照检测辣椒种子中的 ToBRFV

IF 2.3

Plant Health Progress Pub Date : 2023-11-21 DOI: 10.1094/php-07-23-0064-sc

Zen McKenzie, Max Sturdivant, Jake Ueckert, Kevin L. Ong

{"title":"Evaluating the utilization of synthetic oligonucleotides as a positive control in the detection of ToBRFV in pepper seeds","authors":"Zen McKenzie, Max Sturdivant, Jake Ueckert, Kevin L. Ong","doi":"10.1094/php-07-23-0064-sc","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/php-07-23-0064-sc","url":null,"abstract":"A constant challenge experienced by plant diagnostic laboratories is having reliable and readily available controls. Often, requests must be made from colleagues to obtain materials for use as controls. This can be problematic if the pathogen is not present in the country and/or is subject to regulations. gBlocks™ are synthetic oligonucleotides that are widely used in genomic-based applications and studies. We evaluated the use of synthesized gBlocks™ as a positive control for tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) in a seed extraction PCR (SE-PCR) assay. ToBRFV is a highly virulent Tobamovirus that expresses symptoms of mosaic patterns, browning, and undersized wrinkled fruits in tomatoes, peppers, and other solanaceous plants. Transmission occurs in the seeds and can spread via mechanical contamination of equipment, humans, and other infected plants. Regulations with ToBRFV in the US makes it difficult to obtain a positive biological control for use in diagnostic clinics. Therefore, we wanted to assess if this synthetic oligonucleotide could serve as a process control. In our study, pepper (Capsicum annuum) seeds were “spiked” with synthesized oligonucleotides, which were then used as a point of comparison to biologically positive seeds and negative controls by way of quantifying viral titer. The stability of these synthesized oligonucleotides was evaluated over several temperatures and temporal parameters. Our results suggest that the oligonucleotides are suitable for use in the production of synthetically contaminated seeds that are to be used as a positive control in the validation of the diagnostic process for ToBRFV.","PeriodicalId":20251,"journal":{"name":"Plant Health Progress","volume":"1 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139253125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Distribution and frequency of little cherry virus 2 genotypes in both production and ornamental fruit trees in the Pacific Northwest 西北太平洋地区生产果树和观赏果树中小樱桃病毒 2 基因型的分布和频率

IF 2.3

Plant Health Progress Pub Date : 2023-11-21 DOI: 10.1094/php-09-23-0077-s

Madalyn K. Shires, C. Molnar, Alice A. Wright, G. Bishop, Scott Harper

{"title":"Distribution and frequency of little cherry virus 2 genotypes in both production and ornamental fruit trees in the Pacific Northwest","authors":"Madalyn K. Shires, C. Molnar, Alice A. Wright, G. Bishop, Scott Harper","doi":"10.1094/php-09-23-0077-s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/php-09-23-0077-s","url":null,"abstract":"Little cherry virus 2 (LChV2) is the causal agent of little cherry disease, a recurring problem affecting cherry production the U.S. Pacific Northwest. Previous research has shown that there are two genotypes (LC5 and Rube-74) of LChV2 present in Washington. Here we used data and samples from 2017-2022 to determine the incidence of each genotype in the PNW, their distribution in cultivated vs. ornamental host systems, and for evidence of co-infection of both genotypes in individual plants. We found that there was no geographic pattern in Washington, as both genotypes are distributed throughout the state, while in Oregon LChV2 positives were concentrated on one region. In both states, the LC5 genotype was the most common and widespread of the two genotypes, suggesting the Rube-74-like isolates found are more recently introduced, but are being actively transmitted. There were no host-specific patterns found as both genotypes were found in cultivated and ornamental cultivars. Co-infection of a single plant by both genotypes was common in both states, with no evidence of superinfection-exclusion, although interestingly, LChV2 titer and frequency decreased in the presence of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni’. Cumulatively, these data will help us better understand the epidemiology of this pathogen in the Pacific Northwest.","PeriodicalId":20251,"journal":{"name":"Plant Health Progress","volume":"305 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139253921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of preharvest polyoxin-D applications with or without spray oils on brown rot development and tree health of peach 采收前施用多杀菌素-D（喷油或不喷油）对桃褐腐病发展和桃树健康的影响

IF 2.3

Plant Health Progress Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.1094/php-09-23-0075-rs

William P. Gura, J. Gelain, Guido Schnabel

{"title":"Influence of preharvest polyoxin-D applications with or without spray oils on brown rot development and tree health of peach","authors":"William P. Gura, J. Gelain, Guido Schnabel","doi":"10.1094/php-09-23-0075-rs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/php-09-23-0075-rs","url":null,"abstract":"Polyoxin-D is a microbial fermentation product registered to control multiple crop diseases. However, there is limited knowledge of the effect of polyoxin-D against peach brown rot or potential efficacy improvements through combinations with essential or mineral oils. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of polyoxin-D with or without thyme oil or mineral oil to control brown rot on peach caused by Monilinia frucicola in a multiyear study. Treatments were applied preharvest and included OSO 5% (polyoxin-D), OSO 5% + ThymeGuard 0.25% (polyoxin-D + thyme oil), and OSO 5% + PureSpray Green 0.5% (polyoxin-D + mineral oil). Assessment of preharvest brown rot revealed that the OSO 5% treatment had less disease incidence (9.4% on average) compared to the untreated control (20.0% on average), but no significant differences were found between OSO 5% + PureSpray Green (11.8% on average) and OSO 5% + ThymeGuard (11.4% on average). All three OSO 5% treatments reduced postharvest brown rot compared to the untreated control, but there were no significant differences in disease incidence between experimental treatments. Phytotoxicity was observed in the form of premature leaf drop. The greatest leaf drop was recorded for OSO 5% + PureSpray Green with 36.5% blind nodes on average. In summary, polyoxin D (OSO 5%), when applied by handgun to runoff using 1870 L/ha water volume, significantly reduced preharvest and postharvest brown rot disease but caused some premature leaf drop. The addition of thyme oil or mineral oil did not improve its efficacy.","PeriodicalId":20251,"journal":{"name":"Plant Health Progress","volume":"13 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139267376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Potential for Cultural Management of Lettuce Drop (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) in High Tunnels through Modification of Soil Moisture, Planting Date, and Cultivar 通过土壤湿度、种植日期和品种的调整对高隧道莴苣落瘤的栽培管理潜力

Plant Health Progress Pub Date : 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.1094/php-07-23-0069-rs

Rachel E. Rudolph, Ed Dixon, Misbakhul Munir, Kimberly Leonberger, Kathryn Pettigrew, Martin Polo, Henry S. Smith, Victoria Bajek, Lauren Irwin, Nicole Ward Gauthier

{"title":"Potential for Cultural Management of Lettuce Drop (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) in High Tunnels through Modification of Soil Moisture, Planting Date, and Cultivar","authors":"Rachel E. Rudolph, Ed Dixon, Misbakhul Munir, Kimberly Leonberger, Kathryn Pettigrew, Martin Polo, Henry S. Smith, Victoria Bajek, Lauren Irwin, Nicole Ward Gauthier","doi":"10.1094/php-07-23-0069-rs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/php-07-23-0069-rs","url":null,"abstract":"Lettuce is a high-value crop commonly grown in high tunnels. However, lettuce drop, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, can greatly impact lettuce production and profitability. Crop loss from S. sclerotiorum can be especially severe in high tunnels because of intensive cropping and limited options for non-host rotations. A study was conducted in a Kentucky high tunnel infested with S. sclerotiorum to determine if soil moisture, planting date, and host resistance can successfully manage lettuce drop. The experiment was arranged in a split-split plot design with soil moisture (high: 60-100%, low: 40-80% plant available water), planting date (early, mid, and late spring), and lettuce cultivar (Galactic, Harmony, Pirat, and Vulcan) being the main plot, subplot, and sub-subplot factors, respectively. In year one, lettuce drop incidence was significantly lower in the low soil moisture and early planting date, and significantly higher in ‘Pirat’ lettuce. Marketable lettuce weight was significantly higher in the late planting and ‘Vulcan’ treatments. In year two, lettuce drop incidence was significantly lower in the late planting and ‘Galactic’ lettuce compared to all other treatments. There was no significant difference in lettuce drop incidence between the high and low soil moisture in year two. Harmony and Vulcan had significantly higher marketable weight compared to all cultivars. Planting date and lettuce cultivar had the strongest effect on lettuce drop incidence. Although mid-spring is considered the ideal time to plant lettuce in Kentucky, growers managing lettuce drop should consider planting earlier or later and selecting resistant cultivars appropriate for their markets.","PeriodicalId":20251,"journal":{"name":"Plant Health Progress","volume":" 20","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135241206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development and Validation of a Taq-man Multiplex qPCR Assay for High-Throughput Quantification of Fusarium graminearum Biomass in Barley Spikes and Grains Taq-man多重qPCR高通量定量测定大麦穗部和籽粒镰刀菌生物量的建立与验证

Plant Health Progress Pub Date : 2023-11-05 DOI: 10.1094/php-07-23-0065-rs

Abbeah Mae Navasca, Sandesh Dangi, Suzette Arcibal Baldwin, Zhao Jin, Thomas Baldwin

{"title":"Development and Validation of a Taq-man Multiplex qPCR Assay for High-Throughput Quantification of <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> Biomass in Barley Spikes and Grains","authors":"Abbeah Mae Navasca, Sandesh Dangi, Suzette Arcibal Baldwin, Zhao Jin, Thomas Baldwin","doi":"10.1094/php-07-23-0065-rs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/php-07-23-0065-rs","url":null,"abstract":"Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) is a devastating disease commonly affecting North American small grains, primarily caused by Fusarium graminearum. Although the disease causes visible symptoms, the more pressing concern is the contamination of grain with trichothecene toxins, especially deoxynivalenol (DON), which can cause toxicity in humans and animals by inhibiting protein biosynthesis. The DON levels are more critical when breeding for resistance, but it does not account for pathogen infection and disease severity. To link DON and Fusarium infection, we optimized and validated a real-time multiplex quantitative PCR (qPCR) protocol for high-throughput quantification of Fusarium biomass based on the Tri5 gene, which encodes trichodiene synthase, the first enzyme involved in trichothecene toxin production. The primers and probes were designed to measure the abundance of Tri5 and normalized to the barley actin gene. The assay is repeatable, robust, and sensitive, up to 0.003 ng/ul of F. graminearum and 0.3 ng/ul of barley DNA. The method is cost-effective and has the potential to quantify Fusarium biomass, monitor disease progression, and determine DON levels in barley spikes and harvested grains.","PeriodicalId":20251,"journal":{"name":"Plant Health Progress","volume":"134 31","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135724772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimizing Integrated Pest Management in Mesotunnels for Organic Acorn Squash in New York 纽约有机壁球中洞害虫综合治理优化

Plant Health Progress Pub Date : 2023-10-16 DOI: 10.1094/php-08-23-0072-rs

Sarah Jane Pethybridge, Kellie Damann, Sean Murphy, Kaitlin Diggins, Mark L. Gleason

{"title":"Optimizing Integrated Pest Management in Mesotunnels for Organic Acorn Squash in New York","authors":"Sarah Jane Pethybridge, Kellie Damann, Sean Murphy, Kaitlin Diggins, Mark L. Gleason","doi":"10.1094/php-08-23-0072-rs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/php-08-23-0072-rs","url":null,"abstract":"Organic production of cucurbits in New York (NY) is challenged by a complex of biotic stresses, including insect pests, diseases, and weeds. The recent emergence of cucurbit yellow vine disease (CYVD), caused by the bacterium Serratia marcescens and spread by squash bugs (Anasa tristis), in NY is of urgent concern due to the lack of synthetic insecticide alternatives and effective complementary organic management practices. Cucurbit productivity is also related to effective weed management in the furrow (inter-row space between the raised beds) to prevent resource competition for plant growth and ease of harvesting. Field trials were conducted in organic acorn squash (cv. Table Ace) during 2021 and 2022 to evaluate the effect of exclusion netting in a mesotunnel on pest populations, disease incidence, and weed management techniques in the furrow. Treatments were landscape fabric in the furrow with or without a mesotunnel and a mesotunnel with either a ryegrass/white clover or ryegrass cover crop in the furrow. Mesotunnels significantly reduced squash bug populations and CYVD but did not affect the incidence of the predominant foliar diseases, powdery mildew, downy mildew, or Alternaria leaf spot. The ryegrass/white clover and ryegrass cover crops produced equivalent biomass and weed suppression in the furrow. Treatments had no significant effect on fruit number or weight, or the number of marketable fruit, but mesotunnels reduced the incidence of soft and sunburned fruit. The trade-offs and benefits of mesotunnels and furrow management for organic acorn squash production are discussed.","PeriodicalId":20251,"journal":{"name":"Plant Health Progress","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136079740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Scheduling Fungicide Applications for Cucurbit Downy Mildew Control on Pickling Cucumber in Michigan using Disease Forecasters 利用病害预报员对密歇根州酸洗黄瓜进行黄瓜霜霉病防治的杀菌剂调度

Plant Health Progress Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.1094/php-07-23-0066-rs

Matthew Ray Uebbing, Zachary D. Hayden, Mary K. Hausbeck

{"title":"Scheduling Fungicide Applications for Cucurbit Downy Mildew Control on Pickling Cucumber in Michigan using Disease Forecasters","authors":"Matthew Ray Uebbing, Zachary D. Hayden, Mary K. Hausbeck","doi":"10.1094/php-07-23-0066-rs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/php-07-23-0066-rs","url":null,"abstract":"Cucumber production is important to Michigan’s economy and was valued at more than $45 million in 2019. Cucurbit downy mildew (CDM), caused by Pseudoperonospora cubensis, is an annual threat to Michigan’s cucumber production and fungicides must be applied frequently to prevent major yield losses. Our objective was to evaluate the disease forecasting models, TOM-CAST, BLITE-CAST, and DM-CAST, for their application in scheduling fungicide applications for CDM control. Field trials were conducted in 2021 and 2022 to evaluate each disease forecaster at different spray thresholds compared to 7- and 10-day programs, and an untreated control. In 2021, all treatments received applications of cyazofamid alternated with oxathiapiprolin/chlorothalonil alternated with ametoctradin/dimethomorph plus chlorothalonil. The 2022 fungicide program was similar to 2021 except that cyazofamid was tank-mixed with chlorothalonil. Treatment plots were visually assessed for the foliar area (%) with CDM symptoms and relative area under the disease progress curve (rAUDPC) was determined at the end of each season. Results indicate that using DM-CAST or BLITE-CAST to schedule fungicide applications limited CDM and was similar to the 7-day program. The 7-day program received 7 (2021) and 6 (2022) applications whereas DM-CAST and BLITE-CAST required 4 to 8 or 5 to 6 applications, respectively, depending on the threshold and year. This is the first study to evaluate these disease forecasters for scheduling fungicide application intervals for CDM.","PeriodicalId":20251,"journal":{"name":"Plant Health Progress","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136357847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0