Soil Forming Factors and Processes from the Temperate Zone最新文献

{"title":"PROFILUL PLAJELOR ŞI MODIFICAREA MEDIULUI NATURAL COSTIER ÎN SECTORUL SULINA (DELTA DUNĂRII) CA URMARE A LUCRĂRILOR CU CARACTER HIDROTEHNIC","authors":"Gheorghe Romanescu","doi":"10.15551/FPPZT.V2I1.400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15551/FPPZT.V2I1.400","url":null,"abstract":"In perioada anilor 1992-1996 s-au intreprins mai multe deplasări in zona Deltei Dunării, de unde s-au prelevat probe de nisip din sectorul de plajă. Ne-a interesat in primul rând sectorul Sulina-Gârla Impuțită deoarece in acest loc au avut loc si cele mai importante schimbări de morfologie litorală impuse de lucrări cu caracter hidrotehnic.\u0000Pe lângă măsurătorile de planimetrie si altimetrie făcute in sectorul cuprins intre orasul Sulina si gura Gârlei Impuțita, (S) s-au prelevat si esantioane de nisip de pe plajă, mai ales din punctele lor caracteristice: la linia de țărm – 0m, zona de spargere a valurilor, berm, baza dunelor, dune.\u0000Pe lângă morfologia de ansamblu care a fost scoasă in evidență, in două puncte distincte, s-a căutat a se pune in evidenţă si modificarea de granulometrie pe forme caracteristice si linii de „ruptură\" specifice zonelor nisipoase.\u0000Fenomenele de propagare si abraziune, granulometria, natura apei freatice etc. au permis o modificare a mediului natural existent in zonă. Repercutarea principală s-a manifestat atât in ceea ce priveste raportul suprafaţă deltaică-suprafaţă marină, cât si in plan vegetal. In sectoarele de propagare (acumulare) se instalează o vegetaţie pionieră de genul celor specifice zonelor de sărătură, in timp ce pe sectoarele de abraziune (eroziune) vegetaţia existentă este distrusă ca urmare a avansării nisipului spre sectorul deltaic, a influenţei marine prin intermediul apei freatice sau prin formarea deltelor de furtună.","PeriodicalId":202276,"journal":{"name":"Soil Forming Factors and Processes from the Temperate Zone","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114511780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AN ATTEMPT TO ASSESS LAND SUITABILITY FOR AGRICULTURAL PURPOSES ON THE BASIS OF PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS ANALYSIS","authors":"C. Patriche","doi":"10.15551/FPPZT.V2I1.403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15551/FPPZT.V2I1.403","url":null,"abstract":"The spatial fluctuations of the integrated complex of soil - climatic variables controls, more or less, the territorial variability of agricultural production and productivity. The latter also depends on the interference intensity of the economical and social variables. Principal components analysis provides a rigorous and objective quantification of these fluctuations, by means of selecting the relevant variables and assessing their relative significance in respect to the land utilization type. In this way, principal components analysis may be able to successfully solve the main problem which has hindered the elaboration of a land evaluation system with global applicability, that is the problem of production factor's quantitative (number) and qualitative (type, suitability thresholds) regional specificity. The present article attempts to demonstrate, by means of an guiding application, that this methodological path is worth exploring.","PeriodicalId":202276,"journal":{"name":"Soil Forming Factors and Processes from the Temperate Zone","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126138066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASPECTE NOI REFERITOARE LA EVOLUŢIA FIZICO-CHIMICĂ A SEDIMENTELOR DIN FOSTUL LAC DE ACUMULARE BELCI - JUDEŢUL BACĂU","authors":"M. Mară, V. Trofin, M. Gălățeanu, Suzana Stan","doi":"10.15551/FPPZT.V1I1.413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15551/FPPZT.V1I1.413","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":202276,"journal":{"name":"Soil Forming Factors and Processes from the Temperate Zone","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124422646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RARE OCCURRENCES OF PODZOLS FROM THE CARPATHIANS","authors":"N. Băcăinţan, Vl. Perepeliță, Gh. Șandor","doi":"10.15551/FPPZT.V3I1.393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15551/FPPZT.V3I1.393","url":null,"abstract":"The occurrence of a soil type in a certain area may be predicted satisfactorily if the characteristics of the environmental conditions are well known. The accuracy of the prediction is altered - among other things - by the fact that, sometimes, some soils appear in atypical conditions, rarely met. These unexpected occurrences are drawing our attention to the insufficient understanding of the way some factors of soil genesis function and to the role of the hazard in the building of soil covering. For a better understanding of the genesis of the podzols from the Carpathians we are going to present two cases of rare occurrences: podzols on moderate - steep slopes and podzols on limestone. In the Vrancea Mountains (the Eastern Carpathians) we found podzols (on sandstones) on slopes of 20 - 35 %, at 1400 - 1500 m a.s.l; in the Bucegi Mountains (the Meridional Carpathians) we found podzols on limestone, at about 2120 m a.s.l.","PeriodicalId":202276,"journal":{"name":"Soil Forming Factors and Processes from the Temperate Zone","volume":"314 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133625861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROCESELE DE DEGRADARE A SOLURILOR DIN SERE ŞI SOLARII","authors":"F. Filipov, O. Tomiță, Angela Lupașcu","doi":"10.15551/FPPZT.V3I1.391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15551/FPPZT.V3I1.391","url":null,"abstract":"Tehnologiile intensive de cultivare a plantelor, folosirea dozelor mari de ingrăsăminte organice (gunoi de grajd, turbă, compost), aplicarea unor norme de irigaţie supradimensionate si menţinerea solului la o umiditate mai ridicată, favorizează o degradare mai rapidă a insusirilor fizice si chimice ale solurilor din sere mai ales in condiţiile unui drenaj defectuos. Degradarea insusirilor fizice si chimice ale solurilor din sere are loc chiar si in condiţiile in care drenabilitatea iniţială este bună deoarece prin exploatarea intensivă se micsorează stabilitatea agregatelor structurale, iar datorită alternanţelor frecvente de umezire-uscare se realizează o impachetare mai densă a solului determinând o reducere a permeabilităţii. La formarea orizontului impermeabil contribuie si materia organică. In urma descompunerii materiei organice se formează acizi organici care sunt levigaţi in profilul solului. in urmă combinării acestor acizi cu diferiţi cationi aflaţi in soluţia solului se formează compusi noi cu insusiri de lianţi care precipită inglobând si particule solide. Se formează astfel un orizont impermeabil pentru apă si aer având aspectul unei gresii. impermeabilizarea solului din partea superioară a profilului (0-2 cm) se datorează si folosirii ingrăsămintelor minerale de azot care favorizează formarea unui compost mai lipicios datorită dezvoltării mai intense a fungilor faţă de bacterii. in condiţiile prezenţei carbonatului de calciu si a exudării rapide si puternice a apei se favorizează acumularea la suprafaţa solului a carbonatului de calciu. Formarea unui orizont impermeabil la adâncimea de circa 40 cm impiedică circulaţia apei si pătrunderea rădăcinilor favorizând manifestarea excesului de umiditate, acumularea sărurilor usor solubile si formarea unor compusi toxici pentru plante in urma transformării materiei organice in condiţii anaerobe.","PeriodicalId":202276,"journal":{"name":"Soil Forming Factors and Processes from the Temperate Zone","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131297607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANSAMBLAJUL PEDOGEOGRAFIC DIN BAZINUL HIDROGRAFIC BAŞEU (JUDEŢUL BOTOŞANI)","authors":"C. Secu, R. Dughilă, V. Revnic, C. Petrișor","doi":"10.15551/FPPZT.V3I1.381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15551/FPPZT.V3I1.381","url":null,"abstract":"Pour dresser la carte des sols nous avons pris en consideration trois elements: la publication du Systeme Roumain de Taxonomie des Sols (2003), la possibilite d'utiliser les systemes informatiques geographiques (le logiciel TNT mips 6.4) et le fait que jusqu a ce moment aucune carte des sol a l'echelle 1:50.000 n'a pas ete publiee. Pour realiser la carte des sols du bassin du Baseu nous avons utilise les cartes des sols deja existantes: les cartes a l'echelle 1:10.000 realisees par O.J.S.P.A. Botosani et les cartes publiees a l'echelle 1:200.000, realisees par I.C.P.A. Bucuresti.\u0000Dans le bassin du Baseu nous avons identifie deux «pedoassemblages» principaux (Florea, 1989, 1994, 2001): «cernisoletea» et «luvisoletea» et deux autres secundaires: «pelisoletea» qui sont repandus en masaique, et « protisoletea » ayant une forme dendritique, similaire au reseau hydrographique. Dans le premier pedoanssemblage nous avons constate que les tchernozems typiques occupaient le sud du bassin tandis que les tchernozioms cambiques sont disperse dans la partie moyenne du bassin et aux altitudes maximales (230-250 m). Le deuxieme pedoassemblage este forme par les preluvosols, trouves dans le secteur oriental de la Colline Ibănesti, et par louvosols que occupent le secteur plus haut de l 'ouest de la Colline Ibănesti.\u0000A cote des deux pedoassemblages naturels nous avons trouve des pedodiscontinutees naturelles (etang) et anthropiques (routes, chemin de fer etc.).","PeriodicalId":202276,"journal":{"name":"Soil Forming Factors and Processes from the Temperate Zone","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121760240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CLASSIFICATION AND TAXONOMY OF SOILS AND SOILSCAPES","authors":"N. Florea","doi":"10.15551/FPPZT.V3I1.371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15551/FPPZT.V3I1.371","url":null,"abstract":"Pedology, as any field of geography, deals with both elementary territorial entities and\u0000aggregates (juxtapositions) of elementary entities that form unitary (genetically and\u0000functionally) territorial units known in last time as soilscapes.\u0000The classification of the elementary (territorial) soil entities can be achieved by different\u0000criteria. The most important systematization from scientific point of view is the natural\u0000classification, based on the essential characteristics of soils, reflection of soil genesis and\u0000evolution, named now soil taxonomy\u0000The soil taxonomy is therefore a generalization and systematization of soils based on main\u0000soil properties that reflect in the same time also the vertical organization of the threedimensional\u0000soils bodies. Depending on some differences of the manner of approach, several\u0000soil taxonomies where realized, national and international.\u0000Besides soil taxonomy, one utilize in practice soil systematization for different purposes;\u0000these ones represents technical or pragmatic classification that have for an object, known as\u0000land classification because also the terrain conditions are taken into consideration (soil -\u0000terrain).\u0000Unlike the elementary soil entities, the soilscapes have been not enough studied as natural\u0000segments of soil cover or systematized on the base of their spatial organization expressed by\u0000their pedogeographical assemblage, although the soils regions and soil zones represent\u0000aggregates of soilscapes at high levels.\u0000Elementary or low level soilscapes, as functional and natural territorial entities, can be\u0000generalized and systematized; a special taxonomy for soil landscapes can be developed. The\u0000soilscapes, being an ensemble of soils and land forms, may not be studied, systematized and\u0000characterized without the approach of the previous and present pedogenetic and reliefogenetic\u0000processed, in the correlation.\u0000Also the soilscapes can be classified according to pragmatic criteria (technical classification)\u0000in different purposes (agriculture, forestry, land improvement, erosion control).\u0000The studies of the soilscapes with their spatial organization and the soilscape classifications\u0000represent a new field of the pedogeography that must be developed.","PeriodicalId":202276,"journal":{"name":"Soil Forming Factors and Processes from the Temperate Zone","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115200944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CEREAL CROP RESIDUE AS AN ALLELOCHEMICAL SOURCE AND THE IMPORTANCE OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS IN ITS DEGRADATION","authors":"G. Lixandru","doi":"10.15551/FPPZT.V3I1.379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15551/FPPZT.V3I1.379","url":null,"abstract":"The authors has made several experiments, in pots and in the field, for studying the effect of wheat and barley straw applied in soils in normal and excessive quantities over the growth of bean, beet and parsley. The experiments showed that when applied in a dosage of over 9 t/ha the straw represented an important source of allelopathic compounds, that significantly decreased the crop yield This decrease was not accompanied by a decrease in the N % percentage in plants, as it usually happens in the case of N deficiency in nutrition, but, on the contrary, the N % content increased while the crop yield decreased. The conclusion was that the yield decrease due to large amount of straw applied to the soil was not generated by N deficiency in nutrition, but to the antiauxinuic action of allelochemicals at root level The N fertilizer favor microorganism’s development and decompose allelochemicals in order to obtain the carbon necessary for their growth Rhizobium was more sensitive at the noxious action of allelochemicals, as compared to the host plant. Cereal crop residue increased the N and organic carbon content in soil and K accessibility.","PeriodicalId":202276,"journal":{"name":"Soil Forming Factors and Processes from the Temperate Zone","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130569553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASPECTE PRIVIND OCROTIREA PLANTELOR RARE IN PĂDURILE CANARAUA FETII ŞI ESECHlOI DIN SILVOSTEPA DOBROGEI DE SUD","authors":"Mariana Arcuș, Angela Lupașcu","doi":"10.15551/FPPZT.V3I1.384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15551/FPPZT.V3I1.384","url":null,"abstract":"The Canaraua Fetii and Esechioi Forests belong to the scientific reserve territories due to the increased number of rare species and the unique aspect of the scenery PER landscape created by the interference of floristic elements from distinct geographic zones. The severe human influence induced in time determined the reduction of forested surfaces and the extinction of numerous floristic species. The Canaraua Fetii and Esechioi Forests include an increased number of rare plant species compared to the whole Romanian flora (some of them are exclusively represented in these forests). Certain species are endangered being on the verge of extinction, growing in isolated spots or restricted populations and some of these species, mentioned before by botanists could be found no more. Consequently it is extremely important to protect these natural perimeters that are still less affected by human activities and to find solutions to maintain the biodiversity and the biological equilibrium.","PeriodicalId":202276,"journal":{"name":"Soil Forming Factors and Processes from the Temperate Zone","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125701647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DES CONSIDERATIONS SUR LES SOLS DU BASSIN DU RUISSEAU „CUNGREA MICA” (PIEMONT COTMEANA)","authors":"Nicoleta Surpanu Neamțu","doi":"10.15551/FPPZT.V3I1.394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15551/FPPZT.V3I1.394","url":null,"abstract":"Le sol este considere comme etant le facteur essentiel de notre existence, car il est capable d’offrir de nourriture aux gens, suite a la culture. Toutefois, pendant les annees dernieres, l’interet pour le principal moyen de production en agriculture, le sol, s’est diminue considerablement. Cela peut etre observe aussi dans le bassin du ruisseau Cungrea Mica, un affluent gauche de l’Olt, pres de Dragasani.\u0000La plupart des sols du bassin hydrographique Cungrea Mica appartiennent a la categorie des argilluvisols, etant representes par des sols bruns lessives pseudogleyfies et par des luvisols albiques pseudogleyfies avec sous-horizon B fonce. Tous ces sols sont caracterises par une differentiation prononcee texturale sur profile, une structure faiblement developpee et une permeabilite extremement reduite. Ils ont une reaction acide forte moderement, sont pauvres en humus (sous 2%) et se presentent sous une forme pauvrement approvisionnee avec des substances nutritives. Les proprietes physiques, chimiques et trophiques peu favorables placent ces sols dans la categorie des sols a fertilite reduite. A present il n’y a aucune preoccupation concernant l 'amelioration de ces sols, et une annee apres l 'autre des surfaces de plus en plus grandes restent incultivees.","PeriodicalId":202276,"journal":{"name":"Soil Forming Factors and Processes from the Temperate Zone","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122401406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}