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Formation of densely branched lateral roots in Sesbania cannabina triggered by patchily distributed phosphorus in andosolic soils 斑块状分布磷对大麻叶侧根形成的影响
IF 0.6
Plant Root Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.3117/PLANTROOT.9.24
Y. Funakoshi, H. Daimon, A. Matsumura
{"title":"Formation of densely branched lateral roots in Sesbania cannabina triggered by patchily distributed phosphorus in andosolic soils","authors":"Y. Funakoshi, H. Daimon, A. Matsumura","doi":"10.3117/PLANTROOT.9.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3117/PLANTROOT.9.24","url":null,"abstract":"Phosphorus (P) is patchily distributed in soil because of its slow diffusion, especially in soil with a high phosphate absorption coefficient (PAC). Root responses to localized supply of phosphate were studied in Sesbania cannabina grown in volcanic andosol, which has a high PAC. Seedlings were grown in soil that was supplied with 0, 10, 100, 500, or 1000 mg P kg. After 30 days, analyses of plant P and root morphological were conducted. Further rhizobox experiments were also conducted. Seedlings were grown with layered P sources or localized P patches. Densely branched lateral roots (DBLRs) developed only in the 10 and 100 mg P kg treatments. Although an increase in shoot dry weight (DW) was observed in the 500 and 1000 mg P kg treatments, DBLRs were not observed. The number of DBLRs was positively correlated with shoot DW, root DW, and number of nodules, and negatively correlated with phosphorus use efficiency of shoots and roots. The rhizobox experiment showed that most DBLRs were observed in the layer with added P and in the position where P fertilizer was present. DBLRs developed so as to monopolize the P fertilizer by completely enveloping the area around it. The results suggest that DBLR formation is one of S. cannabina’s P acquisition strategies.","PeriodicalId":20205,"journal":{"name":"Plant Root","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3117/PLANTROOT.9.24","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69622293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
The concept of the quiescent centre and how it found support from work with X-rays. I. Historical perspectives 静止中心的概念以及它如何从x射线的工作中得到支持。一、历史视角
IF 0.6
Plant Root Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.3117/PLANTROOT.9.43
P. Barlow
{"title":"The concept of the quiescent centre and how it found support from work with X-rays. I. Historical perspectives","authors":"P. Barlow","doi":"10.3117/PLANTROOT.9.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3117/PLANTROOT.9.43","url":null,"abstract":"Within the tip of roots meristems of angiosperms and gymnosperms there is a small group of cells known as the quiescent centre (QC). The concept of the QC was developed 60 years ago by FAL Clowes, working in the Botany School, Oxford University, UK. To celebrate the Jubilee of the QC, a brief outline of the work that led to its demonstration by autoradiography was presented by Dubrovsky and Barlow (2015). The present article traces Clowes's subsequent experimental studies of the QC, especially with regard to how X-irradiation became an important tool for elucidating the properties and significance of the QC for root development. Also reviewed are some of the consequences that subsequently arose from this work with radiation, in particular the concerns over the use of radioisotopes in attempts to describe the kinetics of cell proliferation in the root meristem.","PeriodicalId":20205,"journal":{"name":"Plant Root","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3117/PLANTROOT.9.43","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69622808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
The concept of the quiescent centre and how it found support from work with X-rays. II. The molecular aftermath 静止中心的概念以及它如何从x射线的工作中得到支持。2分子后果
IF 0.6
Plant Root Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.3117/PLANTROOT.9.56
P. Barlow
{"title":"The concept of the quiescent centre and how it found support from work with X-rays. II. The molecular aftermath","authors":"P. Barlow","doi":"10.3117/PLANTROOT.9.56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3117/PLANTROOT.9.56","url":null,"abstract":"With the advent of the molecular era of plant biology, the location and activity of the quiescent centre (QC) within the root meristem were reappraised with respect to the transport and distribution of hormones, especially auxin. Later, when methods for probing gene activity became established, the genes and their regulators that were identifiably specific to the QC were also actively studied, at first in relation to the establishment of the root and its QC in the proembryo and later in relation to the interaction of the QC with neighbouring meristem cells. Auxin distribution in and around the QC was found to be associated with co-located oxidative enzymes which established a redox system within the root apex. This system is pivotal in both maintenance of quiescence and the activation of cell proliferation in the QC via the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their interaction with mitochondria. These and other features of QC biology are summarised.","PeriodicalId":20205,"journal":{"name":"Plant Root","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3117/PLANTROOT.9.56","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69622826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Which is the best indicator for distinguishing between fine roots with primary and secondary development in Cryptomeria japonica D. Don: Diameter, branching order, or protoxylem groups? 在柳杉(Cryptomeria japonica D.)中，区分初生和次生细根的最佳指标是什么?直径、分枝顺序还是原木质部群?
IF 0.6
Plant Root Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.3117/PLANTROOT.9.79
Yusuke Tawa, H. Takeda
{"title":"Which is the best indicator for distinguishing between fine roots with primary and secondary development in Cryptomeria japonica D. Don: Diameter, branching order, or protoxylem groups?","authors":"Yusuke Tawa, H. Takeda","doi":"10.3117/PLANTROOT.9.79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3117/PLANTROOT.9.79","url":null,"abstract":"Fine roots of Cryptomeria japonica were separated into two functional groups: primary roots that serve as the principal agent for water and nutrient absorption and secondary roots that have transport capacity and protect the plant from environmental stress. Individual roots can also be categorized by three characteristics: diameter, branching order, and number of protoxylem groups. We investigated the relationships of these two functional groups with the three categories and evaluated which category was a better index for distinguishing primary from secondary roots by using the Pianka overlap index. Primary and secondary roots showed no exact correspondence to any of the three categories and had overlap in each category. Therefore neither was a useful indicator to distinguish primary from secondary roots. However, in the case of Cryptomeria japonica, we can roughly distinguish primary from secondary roots on the basis of whether root diameter is less than or greater than 0.6 mm.","PeriodicalId":20205,"journal":{"name":"Plant Root","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69622965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Morphology of lateral roots of twelve rice cultivars of Bangladesh: dimension increase and diameter reduction in progressive root branching at the vegetative stage 孟加拉国12个水稻品种侧根的形态:营养期根分枝的尺寸增大和直径减小
IF 0.6
Plant Root Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.3117/PLANTROOT.9.34
Arif Hasan Khan Robin, P. Saha
{"title":"Morphology of lateral roots of twelve rice cultivars of Bangladesh: dimension increase and diameter reduction in progressive root branching at the vegetative stage","authors":"Arif Hasan Khan Robin, P. Saha","doi":"10.3117/PLANTROOT.9.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3117/PLANTROOT.9.34","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding morphology of lateral roots in rice is important in modeling different agricultural management system. The objective of the study was to explore the morphology of lateral roots of lowland transplanted-aman rice cultivars to mechanistically model length, surface area and volume of an individual root. Seedlings of twelve selected rice cultivars at 30 days of age were transplanted and a series of measurements was carried out on 14, 20, 33 and 60 days after transplantation (DAT). Lateral roots and root hairs were studied under a light microscope. Individual main axes produced up to second-order laterals. Mean main axis diameter and length of twelve cultivars measured 0.94 mm and 20.4 cm respectively at 60 days after transplantation. Diameter reduced at the first-order and second-order laterals up to 4.56 and 21.4 times respectively compared to main axis on 60 DAT. Root hair diameter measured 4.0 µm. An individual root on 60 DAT estimated 911 m in the length, 1714 cm 2 in the surface area and in the 467 mm 3 volume. Root hairs had the highest contribution towards total length and surface area of an individual root whereas main axis and first order laterals mostly contributed root volume.","PeriodicalId":20205,"journal":{"name":"Plant Root","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3117/PLANTROOT.9.34","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69622756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Exudation of fumarate from roots contributes to high aluminum resistance in Melaleuca cajuputi 富马酸根的分泌有助于千层树抗铝能力的提高
IF 0.6
Plant Root Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.3117/PLANTROOT.9.15
A. Noguchi, Yoshifumi Houman, F. Shinmachi, R. Chen, X. Zhao, R. Shen, I. Hasegawa
{"title":"Exudation of fumarate from roots contributes to high aluminum resistance in Melaleuca cajuputi","authors":"A. Noguchi, Yoshifumi Houman, F. Shinmachi, R. Chen, X. Zhao, R. Shen, I. Hasegawa","doi":"10.3117/PLANTROOT.9.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3117/PLANTROOT.9.15","url":null,"abstract":"Two Melaleuca species, M. cajuputi and M. bracteata, were compared to identify the factors determining their distinct aluminum (Al) resistance levels. The presence of Al in a liquid culture medium (maximum tested concentration, 2 mM) did not affect the growth of M. cajuputi, but severely inhibited the growth of M. bracteata. The Al content in the roots was 50% higher in Al-sensitive M. bracteata than in Al-resistant M. cajuputi. Al penetration and tissue damage were obvious in the roots of M. bracteata, but only mild in the roots of M. cajuputi. Relatively high levels of fumarate were released by the roots of M. cajuputi, but not by those of M. bracteata. Supplementation of Al-containing liquid media with fumarate resulted in a reduction of Al toxicity on M. bracteata. These results suggest that Al-resistant M. cajuputi releases fumarate from its roots, thereby detoxifying Al.","PeriodicalId":20205,"journal":{"name":"Plant Root","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69622248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Got rice? Several topics related to rice root research 有米饭吗?与水稻根系研究有关的几个课题
IF 0.6
Plant Root Pub Date : 2014-05-10 DOI: 10.3117/PLANTROOT.8.1
I. Karahara
{"title":"Got rice? Several topics related to rice root research","authors":"I. Karahara","doi":"10.3117/PLANTROOT.8.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3117/PLANTROOT.8.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20205,"journal":{"name":"Plant Root","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2014-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69622380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The phenomenon of root elongation and high respiration activity in the rolB-gene-enhanced FSL#35 variant of Lotus corniculatus FOX-SR line rolb基因增强莲藕FOX-SR系FSL#35变异的根伸长和高呼吸活性现象
IF 0.6
Plant Root Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.3117/PLANTROOT.8.82
Tsubasa Yano, A. Yamamoto, H. Kunitake, Y. Saeki, R. Akashi
{"title":"The phenomenon of root elongation and high respiration activity in the rolB-gene-enhanced FSL#35 variant of Lotus corniculatus FOX-SR line","authors":"Tsubasa Yano, A. Yamamoto, H. Kunitake, Y. Saeki, R. Akashi","doi":"10.3117/PLANTROOT.8.82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3117/PLANTROOT.8.82","url":null,"abstract":"For systematic functional analysis of genes, we attempted the application of the FOX-hunting system to super growing-roots (SR) of legume species Lotus corniculatus which was previously reported by Himuro et al. (2011). In this study, we investigated the functional analysis of FSL#35, which was expressed by the rolB gene derived from the Agrobacterium rhizogenes Ri plasmid. In monoculture roots grown in liquid media, the FSL#35 showed specific phenotypes that increased root length, lateral root number and root surface area compared with SR. These enhanced phenotypes of FSL#35 were caused by cell profile alteration, while increased total root length and increased lateral root number were caused by the expansion of cortex cells and increased pericycle cells, respectively. In addition, the FSL#35 root showed high and specific respiration activity compared with SR. These results suggest that distinct cell profiles of FSL#35 were induced by the alteration of respiration activity in root tissue. The enhanced root growth in the FSL#35 root might be induced by alteration of ROS metabolisms. Investigating the details of the rolB gene function, for example by phytohormone analysis, will elucidate the novel benefits of the rolB gene for agriculture.","PeriodicalId":20205,"journal":{"name":"Plant Root","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69622667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Identification of nitrogen responsive genes in poplar roots grown under two contrasting nitrogen levels 两种不同氮素水平下杨树根系氮响应基因的鉴定
IF 0.6
Plant Root Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.3117/PLANTROOT.8.42
F. Pitre, J. Cooke, S. Caron, W. Kayal, M. Ouellet, Kim Lam, W. Nissim, J. MacKay
{"title":"Identification of nitrogen responsive genes in poplar roots grown under two contrasting nitrogen levels","authors":"F. Pitre, J. Cooke, S. Caron, W. Kayal, M. Ouellet, Kim Lam, W. Nissim, J. MacKay","doi":"10.3117/PLANTROOT.8.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3117/PLANTROOT.8.42","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the short-term response of poplar roots to low and high nitrogen availability in order to elucidate the mechanisms involved in nutrient acquisition. After 28 days of fertilization with low versus high ammonium nitrate, an increase in aboveground biomass was observed accompanied by a decrease in root biomass, reducing the root: shoot ratio after 28 days. These changes in biomass allocation were accompanied by changes in root architecture and altered gene expression. The gene expression response was evaluated after 7 days using a custom cDNA micrarray following transfer to low and high nitrogen supply. We found that 56 sequences were differentially expressed in poplar roots. Many of these 56 genes could be associated with putative roles in development or response to biotic and abiotic stress. A time course analysis of selected cell wall-related genes by RT-qPCR confirmed the expression patterns obtained by microarray and also showed the timing of this differential response. Our results show that patterns of transcript accumulation in roots of poplars are influenced by nitrogen supply, providing evidence of unique nitrogen-adaptative mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":20205,"journal":{"name":"Plant Root","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3117/PLANTROOT.8.42","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69622498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Waterlogging tolerance and capacity for oxygen transport in Brachypodium distachyon (Bd21) 短叶草(Brachypodium distachyon, Bd21)的耐涝性和氧转运能力
IF 0.6
Plant Root Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.3117/PLANTROOT.8.5
K. Shiono, Sumiyo Yamada
{"title":"Waterlogging tolerance and capacity for oxygen transport in Brachypodium distachyon (Bd21)","authors":"K. Shiono, Sumiyo Yamada","doi":"10.3117/PLANTROOT.8.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3117/PLANTROOT.8.5","url":null,"abstract":"Many crops are sensitive to waterlogging. A small, fast-growing grass, Brachypodium distachyon (Bd21), whose genome has been sequenced, is a new model for studying cereal crops such as wheat and barley, and for developing novel biomass grasses. However, its waterlogging tolerance and oxygen transport properties are not known. Here, we show that in stagnant deoxygenated nutrient solution, which mimics waterlogged soil, B. distachyon grows poorly and does not increase the number of newly formed roots. In both aerated and stagnant conditions, aerenchyma was hardly observed in roots, and root porosities were low. Suberin and lignin, which are thought to be constituents of the barrier to radial oxygen loss, did not develop in the outer part of roots in either aerated or stagnant conditions. Our results suggest that the abilities of oxygen transport in B. distachyon are insufficient to grow and survive in stagnant deoxygenated conditions.","PeriodicalId":20205,"journal":{"name":"Plant Root","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69622510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
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