Physics Letters B最新文献

{"title":"Employing shadow radius to constrain extra dimensions in black string space-time with dark matter halo","authors":"Zening Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139950","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139950","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate the shadow of five-dimensional black strings immersed in a dark matter environment. In particular, we demonstrate the influence of the momentum characteristic parameter <span><math><mover><mrow><msub><mi>P</mi><mi>y</mi></msub></mrow><mo>˜</mo></mover></math></span> associated with the compact extra dimension on the shadow radius. Based on the observational data, we provide the constraint range of <span><math><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>≤</mo><mover><mrow><msub><mi>P</mi><mi>y</mi></msub></mrow><mo>˜</mo></mover><mo>≲</mo><mn>0.1712</mn></mrow></math></span> for the static Schwarzschild black string solution with a confidence level of <span><math><mrow><mn>97.5</mn><mspace></mspace><mo>%</mo></mrow></math></span>. Furthermore, we derive the valid range <span><math><mrow><mn>2.16138</mn><mspace></mspace><mtext>mm</mtext><mo>≲</mo><mi>ℓ</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>2.6</mn><mspace></mspace><mtext>mm</mtext></mrow></math></span> for the length of the compact extra dimension <span><math><mi>ℓ</mi></math></span>, and the valid range of <span><math><mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow><mo>≲</mo><mn>0.07398</mn></mrow></math></span> for the compactness parameter <span><math><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></math></span> in the vicinity of a black hole, with confidence levels of <span><math><mrow><mn>84</mn><mspace></mspace><mo>%</mo></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mn>97.5</mn><mspace></mspace><mo>%</mo></mrow></math></span>, respectively. Our results also reveal that the parameter <span><math><mover><mrow><msub><mi>P</mi><mi>y</mi></msub></mrow><mo>˜</mo></mover></math></span> significantly influences the effective range of dark matter related parameters when the shadow radius is employed as a constraint tool.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"870 ","pages":"Article 139950"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145333681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Null geodesics and shadows of Dekel-Zhao-type dark matter black holes with a quintessential field: Constraints from EHT observations of M87* and Sgr A*","authors":"A. Errehymy","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139945","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139945","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One compelling way to probe dark matter is by looking for its gravitational effects on black holes. Inspired by the study of Cardoso et al. (Phys. Rev. D 105, 6, L061501 (2022)) on black holes in galaxies, this work investigates static, spherically symmetric black holes surrounded by Dekel-Zhao-type dark matter halos and influenced by a quintessential field. By adopting a double power-law profile, we derive explicit expressions for the cumulative mass, tangential velocity, and the modified metric, providing a coherent description of the horizon structure and thermodynamic properties. Depending on the core density, the spacetime may feature multiple horizons or even a naked singularity. Our analysis of null geodesics reveals that both dark matter and quintessence significantly affect photon trajectories and the resulting black hole shadow. By combining theoretical modeling with EHT observations of Sgr A<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mo>*</mo></msup></math></span> and M87<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mo>*</mo></msup></math></span>, we place constraints on the halo density and quintessence parameter, directly connecting them to observable features. However, a stability analysis of circular photon orbits confirms that the photon sphere is inherently unstable, with its location and sensitivity strongly influenced by the surrounding matter. Finally, we analyze how the impact parameter <span><math><mover><mi>b</mi><mo>˜</mo></mover></math></span> shapes photon trajectories around a black hole, determining the bending of null geodesics, the photon sphere location, and the event horizon structure, thereby illustrating the influence of spacetime geometry on light paths. This work highlights the intricate interplay between dark matter, quintessence, and black hole observables, bridging theoretical predictions with astrophysical measurements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"870 ","pages":"Article 139945"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145333683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probing the sensitivity of anisotropic flow coefficients to the initial nuclear structure in pO and OO collisions at the LHC","authors":"Aswathy Menon Kavumpadikkal Radhakrishnan ,&nbsp;Suraj Prasad ,&nbsp;Neelkamal Mallick ,&nbsp;Raghunath Sahoo ,&nbsp;Gergely Gábor Barnaföldi","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139941","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>RHIC and LHC have injected <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow></mrow><mn>16</mn></msup><mrow><mi>O</mi></mrow></mrow></math></span> nuclei in their accelerator complexes with a focus on investigating collectivity and the origin of quark-gluon plasma signatures in small collision systems. The <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow></mrow><mn>16</mn></msup><mrow><mi>O</mi></mrow></mrow></math></span> nuclei are known to possess clusters of <span><math><mi>α</mi></math></span>-particles (<span><math><mrow><msup><mrow></mrow><mn>4</mn></msup><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow></math></span>) inside the nucleus. This paper attempts to study the clustered-nuclear-geometry dependence of anisotropic flow coefficients such as elliptic flow (<span><math><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span>) and triangular flow (<span><math><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math></span>), which are sensitive to the nuclear geometry of colliding nuclei. The study is performed in pO and OO collisions at <span><math><mrow><msqrt><msub><mi>s</mi><mrow><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow></msub></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>9.61</mn></mrow></math></span> TeV and 7 TeV respectively, employing a hybrid model encompassing IP-Glasma + MUSIC + iSS + UrQMD. The results of the clustered nuclear geometry are compared with those of the Woods–Saxon nuclear profile. Both initial and final state anisotropies are estimated. This study is thus one of its first kind, where the study of anisotropic flow coefficients for pO and OO collisions is presented using a hybrid hydrodynamics model. While the effect of <span><math><mi>α</mi></math></span>-clustering in pO is found to be small, it is significant for each observable studied in OO collisions. It is also observed that the magnitude of this effect has a noteworthy dependence on the size of the ⁴He.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"870 ","pages":"Article 139941"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145333609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generalized symmetries in shallow water","authors":"V. Taghiloo ,&nbsp;M.H. Vahidinia","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139934","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139934","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent developments have extended the concept of global symmetries in several directions, offering new perspectives across a wide range of physical systems. This work shows that generalized global symmetries naturally emerge in shallow water systems. In particular, we demonstrate that two subsystem symmetries—previously studied primarily in exotic field theories—arise intrinsically in the dynamics of shallow water flows. A central result is that the <em>local</em> conservation of <em>potential vorticity</em> follows directly from the first subsystem symmetry, revealing that the classic Kelvin circulation theorem is rooted in these symmetries. Notably, the associated charge algebra forms a Kac-Moody current algebra, with the level determined by the spatial variation of the Coriolis parameter. Beyond the first subsystem symmetry, we also identify a second one, construct the corresponding Noether charges, and explore their potential applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"870 ","pages":"Article 139934"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145333705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A holographic realization of correlation and mutual information","authors":"Ashis Saha,&nbsp;Anirban Roy Chowdhury,&nbsp;Sunandan Gangopadhyay","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The status of the inequality existing between mutual information and (normalized) thermal two-point connected correlation function, namely, <span><math><mrow><mi>I</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>:</mo><mi>B</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>≥</mo><mfrac><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mo>〈</mo><mrow><msub><mi>O</mi><mi>A</mi></msub><msub><mi>O</mi><mi>B</mi></msub></mrow><mo>〉</mo></mrow><mi>β</mi></msub><mo>−</mo><msub><mrow><mo>〈</mo><msub><mi>O</mi><mi>A</mi></msub><mo>〉</mo></mrow><mi>β</mi></msub><msub><mrow><mo>〈</mo><msub><mi>O</mi><mi>B</mi></msub><mo>〉</mo></mrow><mi>β</mi></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow><mn>2</mn></msup><mrow><mn>2</mn><msub><mrow><mo>〈</mo><msubsup><mi>O</mi><mrow><mi>A</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></msubsup><mo>〉</mo></mrow><mi>β</mi></msub><msub><mrow><mo>〈</mo><msubsup><mi>O</mi><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></msubsup><mo>〉</mo></mrow><mi>β</mi></msub></mrow></mfrac></mrow></math></span> has been explicitly probed by using the gauge/gravity correspondence. In the holographic analysis, the geodesic approximation for heavy operators (<span><math><mrow><mstyle><mi>Δ</mi></mstyle><mo>∼</mo><mi>m</mi><mi>R</mi></mrow></math></span>) has been used. We observe that the study leads to some non-trivial insights depending upon the method of calculating the thermal object <span><math><msub><mrow><mo>〈</mo><msup><mi>O</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>〉</mo></mrow><mi>β</mi></msub></math></span>. For a particular computed result of <span><math><msub><mrow><mo>〈</mo><msup><mi>O</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>〉</mo></mrow><mi>β</mi></msub></math></span> we propose that all of the existing quantum mechanical dependencies (correlations) and classical correlations between the subsystems <span><math><mi>A</mi></math></span> and <span><math><mi>B</mi></math></span> vanishes at two different separation lengths, namely, <span><math><mrow><mi>s</mi><mi>T</mi><mo>|</mo><mi>c</mi></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>s</mi><mi>T</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mi>I</mi></msub></math></span> where <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>s</mi><mi>T</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mi>I</mi></msub><msub><mrow><mo>&gt;</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>T</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mi>c</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"870 ","pages":"Article 139933"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145333755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lam-Tung relation breaking effects and weak dipole moments at lepton colliders","authors":"Guanghui Li ,&nbsp;Xu Li ,&nbsp;Bin Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139931","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139931","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The breaking of the Lam-Tung relation in the Drell-Yan process at the LHC exhibits a long-standing tension with the Standard Model (SM) prediction at <span><math><mrow><mi>O</mi><mo>(</mo><msubsup><mi>α</mi><mi>s</mi><mn>3</mn></msubsup><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> accuracy. This tension could be explained by weak dipole interactions of leptons and quarks, associated with the <span><math><mi>Z</mi></math></span>-boson within the framework of the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT). In this paper, we propose to cross-check these weak dipole interactions by measuring the violation effects of the Lam-Tung relation at future lepton colliders through the processes <span><math><mrow><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><mo>→</mo><mi>Z</mi><mi>γ</mi><mo>→</mo><mi>ℓ</mi><mover><mi>ℓ</mi><mo>¯</mo></mover><mi>γ</mi></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><mo>→</mo><mi>Z</mi><mi>γ</mi><mo>→</mo><mi>q</mi><mover><mi>q</mi><mo>¯</mo></mover><mi>γ</mi></mrow></math></span>. By considering different decay modes of the <span><math><mi>Z</mi></math></span>-boson, these channels exhibit distinct sensitivities to various dipole operators, providing a way to disentangle their individual effects. Additionally, the high flavor-tagging efficiencies at lepton colliders could provide strong constraints on the dipole interactions of heavy quarks, such as <span><math><mi>b</mi></math></span> and <span><math><mi>c</mi></math></span> quarks, which are challenging to probe in the Drell-Yan process at the LHC due to the suppression of parton distribution functions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"870 ","pages":"Article 139931"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145333597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamical dark energy in the no-scale Brans–Dicke gravity","authors":"Muzi Hong ,&nbsp;Kyohei Mukaida ,&nbsp;Tsutomu T. Yanagida","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139932","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139932","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We add a new scalar field in the no-scale Brans-Dicke gravity and require it to have a global O(2) symmetry with the original scalar field in the Brans-Dicke gravity. This gives us a new massless scalar field in the Einstein frame due to the SO(2) symmetry. We then explicitly break the O(2) symmetry to a <span><math><msub><mi>D</mi><mn>4</mn></msub></math></span> symmetry, and this scalar field gains a periodic potential. This scalar field can serve as the quintessence field to explain dark energy. If we further add the <span><math><msup><mi>R</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></math></span> term and the non-minimal coupling to the Higgs field, we can realize inflation and reheating, and this leads to a super-Planckian decay constant of the quintessence potential. The super-Planckian decay constant is consistent with the newly released observational data according to a recent analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"870 ","pages":"Article 139932"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145269207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symmetric-asymmetric collision comparison: Disentangling nuclear structure and subnucleonic structure effects for small system flow","authors":"Shengli Huang ,&nbsp;Jiangyong Jia ,&nbsp;Chunjian Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139926","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139926","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous flow measurements in small collision systems were mostly based on highly asymmetric collisions (<span><math><mi>p</mi></math></span>+Pb, <span><math><mi>p</mi></math></span>+Au, <span><math><mi>d</mi></math></span>+Au, <span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mn>3</mn></msup></math></span>He+Au), where both nuclear structure and subnucleonic fluctuations are important. Comparing these asymmetric systems with the newly available symmetric <span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mn>16</mn></msup></math></span>O+<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mn>16</mn></msup></math></span>O collisions at RHIC and LHC provides a unique opportunity to disentangle these two contributions. Using Glauber models incorporating both nucleon and quark-level substructure, we analyze multiplicity distributions and initial-state estimators: eccentricities <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ε</mi></mrow><mi>n</mi></msub></math></span> for anisotropic flow <span><math><msub><mi>v</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></math></span> and inverse transverse size <span><math><msub><mi>d</mi><mo>⊥</mo></msub></math></span> for radial flow. We find that subnucleonic fluctuations impact O+O collisions differently from asymmetric systems, creating specific patterns in flow observables that enable disentangling the competing contributions. Such experimental comparisons will reduce uncertainties in the initial conditions and improve our understanding of the properties of the QGP-like medium produced in small systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"870 ","pages":"Article 139926"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145269183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Search for CP violation in events with top quarks and Z bosons at s=13 and 13.6 TeV","authors":"The CMS Collaboration","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139857","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139857","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A search for the violation of the charge-parity (<em>CP</em>) symmetry in the production of top quarks in association with Z bosons is presented, using events with at least three charged leptons and additional jets. The search is performed in a sample of proton-proton collision data collected by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC in 2016–2018 at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and in 2022 at 13.6 TeV, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 173 <span><math><msup><mrow><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow><mi>b</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>. For the first time in this final state, observables that are odd under the <em>CP</em> transformation are employed. Also for the first time, physics-informed machine-learning techniques are used to construct these observables. While for standard model (SM) processes the distributions of these observables are predicted to be symmetric around zero, <em>CP</em>-violating modifications of the SM would introduce asymmetries. Two <em>CP</em>-odd operators <span><math><msubsup><mi>O</mi><mrow><mrow><mi>t</mi></mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>I</mi></mrow></msubsup></math></span> and <span><math><msubsup><mi>O</mi><mrow><mrow><mi>t</mi></mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>I</mi></mrow></msubsup></math></span> in the SM effective field theory are considered that may modify the interactions between top quarks and electroweak bosons. The obtained results are consistent with the SM prediction within two standard deviations, and exclusion limits on the associated Wilson coefficients of <span><math><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>2.7</mn><mo>&lt;</mo><msubsup><mi>c</mi><mrow><mrow><mi>t</mi></mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>I</mi></mrow></msubsup><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>2.5</mn></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>0.2</mn><mo>&lt;</mo><msubsup><mi>c</mi><mrow><mrow><mi>t</mi></mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>I</mi></mrow></msubsup><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>2.0</mn></mrow></math></span> are set at 95 % confidence level. The largest discrepancy is observed in <span><math><msubsup><mi>c</mi><mrow><mrow><mi>t</mi></mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>I</mi></mrow></msubsup></math></span>where data is consistent with positive values, with an observed local significance with respect to the SM hypothesis of 2.5 standard deviations, when only linear terms are considered.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"869 ","pages":"Article 139857"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring nuclear structure with multiparticle azimuthal correlations at the LHC","authors":"ALICE Collaboration","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139855","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139855","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Details of the nuclear structure of <span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mn>129</mn></msup></math></span>Xe, such as the quadrupole deformation and the nuclear diffuseness, are studied by extensive measurements of anisotropic-flow-related observables in Xe–Xe collisions at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair <span><math><mrow><msqrt><msub><mi>s</mi><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>NN</mi></mrow></msub></msub></msqrt><mspace></mspace><mo>=</mo><mspace></mspace><mn>5.44</mn></mrow></math></span> TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The results are compared with those from Pb–Pb collisions at <span><math><mrow><msqrt><msub><mi>s</mi><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>NN</mi></mrow></msub></msub></msqrt><mspace></mspace><mo>=</mo><mspace></mspace><mn>5.02</mn></mrow></math></span> TeV for a baseline, given that the <span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mn>208</mn></msup></math></span>Pb nucleus exhibits a very weak deformation. Furthermore, comprehensive comparisons are performed with a state-of-the-art hybrid model using IP-Glasma+MUSIC+UrQMD. It is found that among various IP-Glasma+MUSIC+UrQMD calculations with different values of nuclear parameters, the one using a nuclear diffuseness parameter of <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>0.492</mn></mrow></math></span> and a nuclear quadrupole deformation parameter of <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>β</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>0.207</mn></mrow></math></span> provides a better description of the presented flow measurements. These studies represent the first systematic exploration of nuclear structure at TeV energies, utilizing a comprehensive set of anisotropic flow observables. The measurements serve as a critical experimental benchmark for rigorously testing the interplay between nuclear structure inputs and heavy-ion theoretical models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"869 ","pages":"Article 139855"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145182897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}