Physics Letters B最新文献

{"title":"Useful trick to compute correlation functions of composite operators","authors":"Giovani Peruzzo","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139491","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139491","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In general, in gauge field theories, physical observables are represented by gauge-invariant composite operators, such as the electromagnetic current. As we recently demonstrated in the context of the <span><math><mi>U</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mi>S</mi><mi>U</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> Higgs models <span><span>[1]</span></span>, <span><span>[2]</span></span>, <span><span>[3]</span></span>, correlation functions of gauge-invariant operators exhibit very nice properties. Besides the well-known gauge independence, they do not present unphysical cuts, and their Källén-Lehmann representations are positive, at least perturbatively. Despite all these interesting features, they are not employed as much as elementary fields, mainly due to the additional complexities involved in their computation and renormalization. In this article, we present a useful trick to compute loop corrections to correlation functions of composite operators. This trick consists of introducing an additional field with no dynamics, coupled to the composite operator of interest. By using this approach, we can employ the traditional algorithms used to compute correlation functions of elementary fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"865 ","pages":"Article 139491"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gaussian tripartite steering in Schwarzschild black hole","authors":"Shu-Min Wu ,&nbsp;Hao-Yu Wu ,&nbsp;Yu-Xuan Wang ,&nbsp;Jieci Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139493","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139493","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multipartite steering is a fundamental quantum resource that is uniquely suited to tackling complex relativistic quantum information challenges, but its properties in the gravitational field context remain to be elucidated. We study the distribution of Gaussian tripartite steering in the background of a Schwarzschild black hole. Our results show that physically accessible <span><math><mn>2</mn><mo>→</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span> steerability remains robust at any Hawking temperature, which contrasts with the behavior of <span><math><mn>1</mn><mo>→</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span> steering that experiences “sudden death” as the Hawking temperature increases, making <span><math><mn>2</mn><mo>→</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span> steerability a more reliable candidate for relativistic quantum information tasks. Notably, we observe that the sudden death of quantum steering is accompanied by a peak in steering asymmetry, signifying a critical transition from two-way steering to one-way steering in the relativistic three-mode system. We find that the Hawking effect can generate inaccessible two-way steering of a bipartite system in both directions, as shown in Wang et al. (2016) <span><span>[73]</span></span>, while it can only generate physically inaccessible one-way <span><math><mn>2</mn><mo>→</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span> steering in tripartite systems. These insights enhance our understanding of the redistribution of multipartite steering near the event horizon of the black hole.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"865 ","pages":"Article 139493"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143878754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High precision X-ray spectroscopy of kaonic neon","authors":"F. Sgaramella ,&nbsp;D. Sirghi ,&nbsp;K. Toho ,&nbsp;F. Clozza ,&nbsp;L. Abbene ,&nbsp;C. Amsler ,&nbsp;F. Artibani ,&nbsp;M. Bazzi ,&nbsp;G. Borghi ,&nbsp;D. Bosnar ,&nbsp;M. Bragadireanu ,&nbsp;A. Buttacavoli ,&nbsp;M. Cargnelli ,&nbsp;M. Carminati ,&nbsp;A. Clozza ,&nbsp;R. Del Grande ,&nbsp;L. De Paolis ,&nbsp;K. Dulski ,&nbsp;L. Fabbietti ,&nbsp;C. Fiorini ,&nbsp;C. Curceanu","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139492","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139492","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The high-precision kaonic neon X-ray transitions measurement performed by the SIDDHARTA-2 collaboration at the DAΦNE collider is reported. Both the X-ray energies and yields for high-n transitions were measured, demonstrating the feasibility of sub-eV X-ray spectroscopy for kaonic atoms using low-Z gaseous targets. The measurement provides valuable insights into the de-excitation processes in kaonic atoms, providing new input data for the refinement of the corresponding theoretical models, and a framework for testing Quantum Electrodynamics in strange exotic atoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"865 ","pages":"Article 139492"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143867682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primordial black hole reformation in the early Universe","authors":"TaeHun Kim,&nbsp;Philip Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139488","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139488","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Primordial black holes (PBH) can arise in a wide range of scenarios, from inflation to first-order phase transitions. Light PBHs, such as those produced during preheating, in bounce cosmologies, or at the GUT scale, could induce an early matter-dominated phase given a moderate initial abundance. During the early matter domination, the growth of initial PBH density perturbations can trigger collapse on horizon scales, producing much heavier PBHs. While the remaining original PBHs evaporate and reheat the Universe, these massive reformed PBHs survive for an extended period of time, producing potentially observable signatures at the present. We study this PBH reformation scenario and show that those reformed PBHs can emit significant quantities of <em>γ</em>-rays detectable by the next generation of experiments. The rapid reheating after matter domination generates a coincident stochastic gravitational wave background, which could be within the range of the upcoming CMB-S4 experiment. The PBH reformation scenario provides an intriguing possibility of decoupling the current PBH population and the initial formation mechanism from early Universe physics, while providing opportunities for observation through multi-messenger astronomy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"865 ","pages":"Article 139488"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143878753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to: “Evidence of off-shell Higgs boson production from ZZ leptonic decay channels and constraints on its total width with the ATLAS detector” [Phys. Lett. B 846 (2023) 138223]","authors":"The ATLAS Collaboration","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139449","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139449","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"865 ","pages":"Article 139449"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143867689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Super-Hamiltonians for super-Macdonald polynomials","authors":"Dmitry Galakhov ,&nbsp;Alexei Morozov ,&nbsp;Nikita Tselousov","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139481","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139481","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Macdonald finite-difference Hamiltonian is lifted to a super-generalization. In addition to canonical bosonic time variables <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> new Grassmann time variables <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>θ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> are introduced, and the Hamiltonian is represented as a differential operator acting on a space of functions of both types of variables <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>θ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>. Eigenfunctions for this Hamiltonian are a suitable generalization of Macdonald polynomials to super-Macdonald polynomials discussed earlier in the literature. Peculiarities of the construction in comparison to the canonical bosonic case are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"865 ","pages":"Article 139481"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testing neutrino mass hierarchy under type-II seesaw scenario in U(1)X from colliders","authors":"Arindam Das ,&nbsp;Puja Das ,&nbsp;Nobuchika Okada","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The origin of tiny neutrino mass is a long standing unsolved puzzle of the Standard Model (SM), which allows us to consider scenarios beyond the Standard Model (BSM) in a variety of ways. One of them being a gauge extension of the SM that may be realized as in the form of an anomaly free, general <span><math><mi>U</mi><msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> extension of the SM, where an <span><math><mi>S</mi><mi>U</mi><msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> triplet scalar with a <span><math><mi>U</mi><msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> charge is introduced to have Dirac Yukawa couplings with the SM lepton doublets. Once the triplet scalar develops a Vacuum Expectation Value (VEV), light neutrinos acquire their tiny Majorana masses. Hence, the decay modes of the triplet scalar have direct connection to the neutrino oscillation data for different neutrino mass hierarchies. After the breaking of the <span><math><mi>U</mi><msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> gauge symmetry, a neutral <span><math><mi>U</mi><msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> gauge boson <span><math><mo>(</mo><msup><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>′</mo></mrow></msup><mo>)</mo></math></span> acquires mass, which interacts differently with the left and right handed SM fermions. Satisfying the recent LHC bounds on the triplet scalar and <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>′</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> boson productions, we study the pair production of the triplet scalar at LHC, 100 TeV proton proton collider FCC, <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> and <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>μ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>μ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> colliders followed by its decay into dominant dilepton modes whose flavor structure depend on the neutrino mass hierarchy. Generating the SM backgrounds, we study the possible signal significance of four lepton final states from the triplet scalar pair production. We also compare our results with the purely SM gauge mediated triplet scalar pair production followed by four lepton final states, which could be significant only in <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>μ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>μ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> collider.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"865 ","pages":"Article 139475"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143867683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tunneling of Bell particles, page curve and black hole information","authors":"Chong-Sun Chu ,&nbsp;Rong-Xin Miao","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139486","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139486","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We propose that the quantum states of black hole responsible for the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy are given by a thin shell of Bell particles located at the region just underneath the horizon. We argue that the configuration can be stabilized by a new kind of degeneracy pressure which is suggested by a noncommutative geometry in the interior of the black hole. Black hole singularity is avoided. We utilize the work of Parikh and Wilczek <span><span>[1]</span></span> to include the effect of tunneling on the Bell particles. We show that partially tunneled Bell particles give the Page curve of Hawking radiation, and the entirety of information initially stored in the black hole is returned to the outside via the Hawking radiation. In view of entropic force, the location of these Bell states is naturally related to the island and the quantum extremal surface.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"865 ","pages":"Article 139486"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143867685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anomalous collective modes in atomic nuclei within the proton-neutron interacting boson model","authors":"Wei Teng ,&nbsp;Yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Sheng-Nan Wang ,&nbsp;Feng Pan ,&nbsp;Chong Qi ,&nbsp;J.P. Draayer","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139487","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139487","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Novel collective modes characterized by a <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> ratio (<span><math><mo>≡</mo><mi>B</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>E</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>;</mo><msubsup><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msubsup><mo>→</mo><msubsup><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msubsup><mo>)</mo><mo>/</mo><mi>B</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>E</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>;</mo><msubsup><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msubsup><mo>→</mo><msubsup><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msubsup><mo>)</mo></math></span>) less than 1.0 that were observed recently have been identified within the proton-neutron interacting boson model (IBM-2) using the consistent-<em>Q</em> Hamiltonian. These modes are shown to give rise to triaxial spectral features, including significant band mixing. The results provide a compelling explanation for the deeply suppressed <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> ratio observed in ¹⁶⁶W, ^168,170Os, and ¹⁷²Pt, offering new insights into the <span><math><mi>B</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>E</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>)</mo></math></span> anomaly phenomenon in neutron-deficient nuclei.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"865 ","pages":"Article 139487"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143867686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shedding light on naked singularities","authors":"Franco Fiorini ,&nbsp;Santiago M. Hernandez ,&nbsp;Juan Manuel Paez","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electromagnetic waves propagating in the background provided by a spacetime hosting a strong curvature, naked singularity, are fully studied. The analysis is performed not only in the realm of geometrical optics –which, not surprisingly, proves to be inadequate in the strong-field regime characterizing the vicinity of the singularity– but also in the physical one in which the field amplitudes must necessarily be incorporated into the description. In addition to the expected divergent outcome with regard to the field amplitudes and power flux as the waves approach the singularity, we found a number of regular (bounded) solutions which seem to coexist with the unbridled effects of the spacetime curvature. In some of them, the singularity operates as a perfect mirror reflecting the surrounding fields. Strikingly, other solutions exhibit a perfectly well behaved, bounded power flux as they propagate towards the singularity, suggesting thus the possibility of having electromagnetic energy transference through it.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"865 ","pages":"Article 139478"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143867684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}