Physics Letters B最新文献

{"title":"Probing late-stage hadronic interactions at high baryon density via K⁎0 production in the RHIC beam energy scan program","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140389","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140389","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A precision measurement of the <em>K</em>^⁎0 meson yield is reported in Au+Au collisions at <span><math><mrow><msqrt><msub><mi>s</mi><mrow><mi>N</mi><mi>N</mi></mrow></msub></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>7.7</mn><mo>,</mo><mspace></mspace><mn>11.5</mn><mo>,</mo><mspace></mspace><mn>14.6</mn><mo>,</mo><mspace></mspace><mn>19.6</mn><mo>,</mo></mrow></math></span> and 27 GeV using the high-statistics data sample collected by the STAR experiment during the Beam Energy Scan II (BES-II) program at RHIC. The transeverse momentum (<em>p_T</em>)-integrated yield ratios <span><math><mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><msup><mi>K</mi><mrow><mo>*</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></msup><mo>+</mo><mover><mrow><msup><mi>K</mi><mrow><mo>*</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></msup></mrow><mo>‾</mo></mover><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>/</mo><mrow><mo>(</mo><msup><mi>K</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><mo>+</mo><msup><mi>K</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> in central collisions show a suppression relative to peripheral collisions at the (1.7–3.6) <em>σ</em> level, while a thermal model without final-stage rescattering overpredicts this ratio with a deviation of (6.9–8.2) <em>σ</em>. These results indicate a loss of the measured <em>K</em>^⁎0 signal in central collisions due to re-scattering of its hadronic decay products in the hadronic phase. The <em>p_T</em>-integrated yield of charged kaons exhibits an approximate scaling with charged-particle multiplicity, independent of collision energy and system size. A similar trend is observed for the short-lived <em>K</em>^⁎0 resonance, although significant deviations emerge at lower energies. At BES energies, the <em>K</em>^⁎0/<em>K</em> ratio shows stronger suppression than at the highest RHIC and LHC energies within a given multiplicity bin, particularly in central and mid-central collisions. This behavior is consistent with changes in the effective hadronic interaction cross section and is supported by transport model calculations, which indicate dominant meson–baryon interactions at lower energies and meson–meson interactions at higher energies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"876 ","pages":"Article 140389"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147680873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collectivity of the deformed structure in 96Zr from complementary Coulomb-excitation and β-decay measurements","authors":"M. Zielińska, P.E. Garrett, M. Rocchini, S. Pannu, A. Bergmaier, V. Bildstein, A.B. Calder, S.R. Dworatzek, V. Vedia, Z.T. Ahmed, C. Andreoiu, D.W. Annen, H. Asch, S. Buck, R.J. Coleman, A. Diaz Varela, D.T. Doherty, A.A. Avaa, G.C. Ball, J. T H Dowie, T. Faestermann, A.B. Garnsworthy, E.D. Geerlof, B. Greaves, A.L. Grimes, G. Hackman, R. Hertenberger, S.F. Hicks, D. Kalaydjieva, V. Karayonchev, T. La Marca, S. Lange, B. Lenardo, L. Maqungo, N. Marchini, B. Marlow, M.S. Martin, K.R. Mashtakov, E. Mccourt, J.R. Murias, S. Murillo-Morales, A. Nannini, E.E. Peters, C.M. Petrache, C. Porzio, G. Richardson, M. Scheck, P. Spagnoletti, K. Stoychev, C.E. Svensson, E. Taddei, G. Tocabens, S. Triambak, M. Vandebrouck, R. Umashankar, S. Valbuena, K. Wrzosek-Lipska, f Wu, T. Zidar","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140481","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147756096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Universal quantum dimensions: γ-dependent factors","authors":"M.Y. Avetisyan, R.L. Mkrtchyan","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140466","url":null,"abstract":"We develop an approach for computing the universal, in Vogel’s sense, quantum dimensions. In a previous work a method for calculation of <ce:italic>γ</ce:italic>-independent part of these dimensions for universal multiplets with nonzero associated members for classical algebras was proposed. In the present paper, this approach is extended to the <ce:italic>γ</ce:italic>-dependent factors. In particular, we derive these contributions for the <ce:italic>E</ce:italic> universal multiplet, which appears in the universal decomposition of the fourth power of the adjoint representation, thereby obtaining its universal quantum dimension for the first time.","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147736365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late-Time Cosmic Acceleration in Ricci-Gauss-Bonnet Gravity via Gradient Descent Optimization","authors":"Santosh V. Lohakare, B. Mishra, S.K. Maurya","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140461","url":null,"abstract":"We study the late-time evolution of the Universe within the <mml:math altimg=\"si3.svg\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>f</mml:mi><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mi>R</mml:mi><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant=\"script\">G</mml:mi><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math> gravity framework, where <ce:italic>R</ce:italic> is the Ricci scalar and <mml:math altimg=\"si4.svg\"><mml:mi mathvariant=\"script\">G</mml:mi></mml:math> is the Gauss-Bonnet term. To make the model tractable, we propose a parametrization scheme and determine its parameters using Gradient Descent, with constraints coming from the latest Cosmic Chronometer (CC) and Pantheon<mml:math altimg=\"si2.svg\"><mml:msup><mml:mrow></mml:mrow><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:math> supernovae data. Key cosmological indicators-the deceleration parameter (<ce:italic>q</ce:italic>) and the equation of state (<ce:italic>ω</ce:italic>)-show a clear shift from past deceleration to the present accelerated expansion. Interestingly, the EoS parameter <ce:italic>ω</ce:italic> remains above the phantom divide, indicating quintessence-like behavior in agreement with current observations. Energy condition assessments reinforce this framework: the strong energy condition is violated, which is consistent with models permitting cosmic acceleration, whereas both the weak and null energy conditions hold true. To check consistency, we also apply the Om(<ce:italic>z</ce:italic>) diagnostic, which separates this model from the simple cosmological constant case and highlights its favoring of a quintessence-dominated future. Using the best-fit values, we estimate the age of the Universe, which comes out in close agreement with independent astrophysical measurements. Taken together, the results suggest that <mml:math altimg=\"si3.svg\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>f</mml:mi><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mi>R</mml:mi><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant=\"script\">G</mml:mi><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math> gravity provides a credible and self-consistent route to explain late-time cosmic acceleration, especially when tested against the combined CC and Pantheon<mml:math altimg=\"si2.svg\"><mml:msup><mml:mrow></mml:mrow><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:math> datasets.","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147736430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Search for a resonance decaying into a scalar particle and a Higgs boson in the final state with two bottom quarks and two photons with 199 fb[formula omitted] of data collected at [formula omitted]=13 and 13.6 TeV with the ATLAS detector","authors":"The Atlas Collaboration, G. Aad, E. Aakvaag, B. Abbott, S. Abdelhameed, K. Abeling, N.J. Abicht, S.H. Abidi, M. Aboelela, A. Aboulhorma, H. Abramowicz, Y. Abulaiti, B.S. Acharya, A. Ackermann, C. Adam Bourdarios, L. Adamczyk, S.V. Addepalli, M.J. Addison, J. Adelman, A. Adiguzel, T. Adye, A.A. Affolder, Y. Afik, M.N. Agaras, A. Aggarwal, C. Agheorghiesei, F. Ahmadov, S. Ahuja, X. Ai, G. Aielli, A. Aikot, M. Ait Tamlihat, B. Aitbenchikh, M. Akbiyik, T. P A Åkesson, A.V. Akimov, D. Akiyama, N.N. Akolkar, S. Aktas, G.L. Alberghi, J. Albert, U. Alberti, P. Albicocco, G.L. Albouy, S. Alderweireldt, Z.L. Alegria, M. Aleksa, I.N. Aleksandrov, C. Alexa, T. Alexopoulos, F. Alfonsi, M. Algren, M. Alhroob, B. Ali, H.M.J. Ali, S. Ali, S.W. Alibocus, M. Aliev, G. Alimonti, W. Alkakhi, C. Allaire, B. M M Allbrooke, J.S. Allen, J.F. Allen, P.P. Allport, A. Aloisio, F. Alonso, C. Alpigiani, Z. M K Alsolami, A. Alvarez Fernandez, M. Alves Cardoso, M.G. Alviggi, M. Aly, Y. Amaral Coutinho, A. Ambler, C. Amelung, M. Amerl, C.G. Ames, T. Amezza, D. Amidei, B. Amini, K. Amirie, A. Amirkhanov, S.P. AmorDos Santos, K.R. Amos, D. Amperiadou, S. An, C. Anastopoulos, T. Andeen, J.K. Anders, A.C. Anderson, A. Andreazza, S. Angelidakis, A. Angerami, A.V. Anisenkov, A. Annovi, C. Antel, E. Antipov, M. Antonelli, F. Anulli, M. Aoki, T. Aoki, M.A. Aparo, L. Aperio Bella, M. Apicella, C. Appelt, A. Apyan, M. Arampatzi, S.J. Arbiol Val, C. Arcangeletti, A. T H Arce, J-F Arguin, S. Argyropoulos, J.-H Arling, O. Arnaez, H. Arnold, G. Artoni, H. Asada, K. Asai, S. Asatryan, N.A. Asbah, R. A Ashby Pickering, A.M. Aslam, K. Assamagan, R. Astalos, K. S V Astrand, S. Atashi, R.J. Atkin, H. Atmani, P.A. Atmasiddha, K. Augsten, A.D. Auriol, V.A. Austrup, A.S. Avad, G. Avolio, K. Axiotis, A. Azzam, D. Babal, H. Bachacou, K. Bachas, A. Bachiu, E. Bachmann, M.J. Backes, A. Badea, T.M. Baer, P. Bagnaia, M. Bahmani, D. Bahner, K. Bai, J.T. Baines, L. Baines, O.K. Baker, E. Bakos, D. Bakshi Gupta, L. E Balabram Filho, V. Balakrishnan, R. Balasubramanian, E.M. Baldin, P. Balek, E. Ballabene, F. Balli, L.M. Baltes, W.K. Balunas, J. Balz, I. Bamwidhi, E. Banas, M. Bandieramonte, A. Bandyopadhyay, S. Bansal, L. Barak, M. Barakat, E.L. Barberio, D. Barberis, M. Barbero, M.Z. Barel, T. Barillari, M-S Barisits, T. Barklow, P. Baron, D.A. Baron Moreno, A. Baroncelli, A.J. Barr, J.D. Barr, F. Barreiro, J. Barreiro Guimarães da Costa, M.G. Barros Teixeira, S. Barsov, F. Bartels, R. Bartoldus, A.E. Barton, P. Bartos, M. Baselga, S. Bashiri, A. Bassalat, M.J. Basso, S. Bataju, R. Bate, R.L. Bates, S. Batlamous, M. Battaglia, D. Battulga, M. Bauce, M. Bauer, P. Bauer, L.T. Bayer, L.T. Bazzano Hurrell, J.B. Beacham, T. Beau, J.Y. Beaucamp, P.H. Beauchemin, P. Bechtle, H.P. Beck, K. Becker, A.J. Beddall, V.A. Bednyakov, C.P. Bee, L.J. Beemster, M. Begalli, M. Begel, J.K. Behr, J.F. Beirer, F. Beisiegel, M. Belfkir, G. Bella, L. Bellagamba, A. Bellerive, C.D. Bellgraph, P. Bellos, K. Beloborodov, I. Benaoumeur, D. Benchekroun, F. Bendebba, Y. Benhammou, K.C. Benkendorfer, L. Beresford, M. Beretta, E. Bergeaas Kuutmann, N. Berger, B. Bergmann, J. Beringer, G. Bernardi, C. Bernius, F.U. Bernlochner, A. Berrocal Guardia, T. Berry, P. Berta, A. Berthold, A. Berti, R. Bertrand, S. Bethke, A. Betti, A.J. Bevan, L. Bezio, N.K. Bhalla, S. Bharthuar, S. Bhatta, P. Bhattarai, Z.M. Bhatti, K.D. Bhide, V.S. Bhopatkar, R.M. Bianchi, G. Bianco, O. Biebel, M. Biglietti, C.S. Billingsley, Y. Bimgdi, M. Bindi, A. Bingham, A. Bingul, C. Bini, G.A. Bird, M. Birman, M. Biros, S. Biryukov, T. Bisanz, E. Bisceglie, J.P. Biswal, D. Biswas, I. Bloch, A. Blue, U. Blumenschein, V.S. Bobrovnikov, L. Boccardo, M. Boehler, B. Boehm, D. Bogavac, A.G. Bogdanchikov, L.S. Boggia, V. Boisvert, P. Bokan, T. Bold, M. Bomben, M. Bona, M. Boonekamp, A.G. Borbély, I.S. Bordulev, G. Borissov, D. Bortoletto, D. Boscherini, M. Bosman, K. Bouaouda, N. Bouchhar, L. Boudet, J. Boudreau, E.V. Bouhova-Thacker, D. Boumediene, R. Bouquet, A. Boveia, J. Boyd, D. Boye, I.R. Boyko, L. Bozianu, J. Bracinik, N. Brahimi, G. Brandt, O. Brandt, B. Brau, J.E. Brau, R. Brener, L. Brenner, R. Brenner, S. Bressler, G. Brianti, D. Britton, D. Britzger, I. Brock, R. Brock, G. Brooijmans, A.J. Brooks, E.M. Brooks, E. Brost, L.M. Brown, L.E. Bruce, T.L. Bruckler, P.A. Bruckman De Renstrom, B. Br, A. Bruni, G. Bruni, D. Brunner, M. Bruschi, N. Bruscino, T. Buanes, Q. Buat, D. Buchin, A.G. Buckley, O. Bulekov, B.A. Bullard, S. Burdin, C.D. Burgard, A.M. Burger, B. Burghgrave, O. Burlayenko, J. Burleson, J.C. Burzynski, E.L. Busch, V. Büscher, P.J. Bussey, J.M. Butler, C.M. Buttar, J.M. Butterworth, W. Buttinger, C.J. Buxo Vazquez, A.R. Buzykaev, S. Cabrera Urbán, L. Cadamuro, H. Cai, Y. Cai, Y. Cai, V.M.M. Cairo, O. Cakir, N. Calace, P. Calafiura, G. Calderini, P. Calfayan, L. Calic, G. Callea, L.P. Caloba, D. Calvet, S. Calvet, R. Camacho Toro, S. Camarda, D. Camarero Munoz, P. Camarri, C. Camincher, M. Campanelli, A. Camplani, V. Canale, A.C. Canbay, E. Canonero, J. Cantero, Y. Cao, F. Capocasa, M. Capua, A. Carbone, R. Cardarelli, J.C.J. Cardenas, M.P. Cardiff, G. Carducci, T. Carli, G. Carlino, J.I. Carlotto, B.T. Carlson, E.M. Carlson, J. Carmignani, L. Carminati, A. Carnelli, M. Carnesale, S. Caron, E. Carquin, I.B. Carr, S. Carrá, G. Carratta, C. Carrion Martinez, A.M. Carroll, M.P. Casado, P. Casolaro, M. Caspar, W.R. Castiglioni, F.L. Castillo, L. Castillo Garcia, V. Castillo Gimenez, N.F. Castro, A. Catinaccio, J.R. Catmore, T. Cavaliere, V. Cavaliere, L.J. Caviedes Betancourt, E. Celebi, S. Cella, V. Cepaitis, K. Cerny, A.S. Cerqueira, A. Cerri, L. Cerrito, F. Cerutti, B. Cervato, A. Cervelli, G. Cesarini, S.A. Cetin, P.M. Chabrillat, R. Chakkappai, S. Chakraborty, A. Chambers, J. Chan, W.Y. Chan, J.D. Chapman, E. Chapon, B. Chargeishvili, D.G. Charlton, C. Chauhan, Y. Che, S. Chekanov, S.V. Chekulaev, G.A. Chelkov, B. Chen, B. Chen, H. Chen, H. Chen, J. Chen, J. Chen, M. Chen, S. Chen, S.J. Chen, X. Chen, X. Chen, Z. Chen, C.L. Cheng, H.C. Cheng, S. Cheong, A. Cheplakov, E. Cherepanova, R. Cherkaoui El Moursli, E. Cheu, K. Cheung, L. Chevalier, V. Chiarella, G. Chiarelli, G. Chiodini, A.S. Chisholm, A. Chitan, M. Chitishvili, M.V. Chizhov, K. Choi, Y. Chou, E. Y S Chow, K.L. Chu, M.C. Chu, X. Chu, Z. Chubinidze, J. Chudoba, J.J. Chwastowski, D. Cieri, K.M. Ciesla, V. Cindro, A. Ciocio, F. Cirotto, Z.H. Citron, M. Citterio, D.A. Ciubotaru, A. Clark, P.J. Clark, N. Clarke Hall, C. Clarry, S.E. Clawson, C. Clement, Y. Coadou, M. Cobal, A. Coccaro, R.F. Coelho Barrue, R. Coelho Lopes De Sa, S. Coelli, L.S. Colangeli, B. Cole, P. Collado Soto, J. Collot, M.R. Coluccia, P. Conde Muiño, M.P. Conde Muiño, S.H. Connell, E.I. Conroy, M. Contreras Cossio, F. Conventi, A.M. Cooper-Sarkar, L. Corazzina, F.A. Corchia, A. Cordeiro Oudot Choi, L.D. Corpe, M. Corradi, F. Corriveau, A. Cortes-Gonzalez, M.J. Costa, F. Costanza, D. Costanzo, J. Couthures, G. Cowan, K. Cranmer, L. Cremer, D. Cremonini, S. Crépé-Renaudin, F. Crescioli, T. Cresta, M. Cristinziani, M. Cristoforetti, E. Critelli, V. Croft, G. Crosetti, A. Cueto, H. Cui, Z. Cui, B.M. Cunnett, W.R. Cunningham, F. Curcio, J.R. Curran, M.J. Da Cunha Sargedas De Sousa, J.V. Da Fonseca Pinto, C. Da Via, W. Dabrowski, T. Dado, S. Dahbi, T. Dai, D. Dal Santo, C. Dallapiccola, M. Dam, G. D’amen, V. D’amico, J. Damp, J.R. Dandoy, M. D’Andrea, D. Dannheim, G. D’anniballe, M. Danninger, V. Dao, G. Darbo, S.J. Das, F. Dattola, S. D’auria, A. D’Avanzo, T. Davidek, J. Davidson, I. Dawson, K. De, C. De Almeida Rossi, R. De Asmundis, N. De Biase, S. De Castro, N. De Groot, P. De Jong, H. De La Torre, A. De Maria, A. De Salvo, U. De Sanctis, F. De Santis, A. De Santo, J.B. De Vivie De Regie, J. Debevc, D.V. Dedovich, J. Degens, A.M. Deiana, J.Del Peso, L. Delagrange, F. Deliot, C.M. Delitzsch, M. Della Pietra, D. Della Volpe, A. Dell’acqua, L. Dell’asta, M. Delmastro, C.C. Delogu, P.A. Delsart, S. Demers, M. Demichev, S.P. Denisov, H. Denizli, L. D’eramo, D. Derendarz, F. Derue, P. Dervan, A.M. Desai, K. Desch, F.A. Di Bello, A. Di Ciaccio, L. Di Ciaccio, A. Di Domenico, C. Di Donato, A. Di Girolamo, G. Di Gregorio, A. Di Luca, B. Di Micco, R. Di Nardo, K.F. Di Petrillo, M. Diamantopoulou, F.A. Dias, M.A. Diaz, A.R. Didenko, M. Didenko, S.D. Diefenbacher, E.B. Diehl, S. Díez Cornell, C. Diez Pardos, C. Dimitriadi, A. Dimitrievska, A. Dimri, Y. Ding, J. Dingfelder, T. Dingley, I.-M. Dinu, S.J. Dittmeier, F. Dittus, M. Divisek, B. Dixit, F. Djama, T. Djobava, C. Doglioni, A. Dohnalova, Z. Dolezal, K. Domijan, K.M. Dona, M. Donadelli, B. Dong, J. Donini, A. D’onofrio, M. D’Onofrio, J. Dopke, A. Doria, N. Dos Santos Fernandes, I.A. 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Zorbas, O. Zormpa, L. Zwalinski","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140425","url":null,"abstract":"A search for the resonant production of a heavy scalar <ce:italic>X</ce:italic> decaying into a lighter scalar <ce:italic>S</ce:italic> and a Higgs boson, through the process <mml:math altimg=\"si13.svg\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>X</mml:mi><mml:mo>→</mml:mo><mml:mi>S</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mo>→</mml:mo><mml:mi>b</mml:mi><mml:mover accent=\"true\"><mml:mi>b</mml:mi><mml:mo>¯</mml:mo></mml:mover><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow><mml:mi>H</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mo>→</mml:mo><mml:mi>γ</mml:mi><mml:mi>γ</mml:mi><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math>, where the two photons are consistent with the Higgs boson decay, is performed. The search is conducted using integrated luminosities of 140 and 59 fb<mml:math altimg=\"si11.svg\"><mml:msup><mml:mrow></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:math> of proton–proton collision data at centre-of-mass energies of 13 and 13.6 TeV, respectively, recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The search is performed over the mass ranges of 170 ≤ <ce:italic>m<ce:inf loc=\"post\">X</ce:inf></ce:italic> ≤ 1000 GeV and 15 ≤ <ce:italic>m<ce:inf loc=\"post\">S</ce:inf></ce:italic> ≤ 500 GeV. No significant excess over the Standard Model background predictions is observed and limits at 95% confidence level are set on the product of cross section and branching fraction for the process <mml:math altimg=\"si13.svg\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>X</mml:mi><mml:mo>→</mml:mo><mml:mi>S</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mo>→</mml:mo><mml:mi>b</mml:mi><mml:mover accent=\"true\"><mml:mi>b</mml:mi><mml:mo>¯</mml:mo></mml:mover><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow><mml:mi>H</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mo>→</mml:mo><mml:mi>γ</mml:mi><mml:mi>γ</mml:mi><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math> at 13 TeV, ranging from 9 fb to 0.06 fb.","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147680870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modular Zeros","authors":"Xiang-Gan Liu,&nbsp;Michael Ratz","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140372","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Modular symmetries are known to be powerful and have various remarkable properties. We point out that the structure of vector-valued modular forms (VVMFs) space leads to the absence of couplings which cannot be explained in terms of the usual symmetries. These modular zeros, which correspond to gaps in spaces of VVMFs, have the power of explaining certain stringy zeros, and to explain the renowned Weinberg texture that relates the Cabibbo angle to the hierarchies of the light down and strange quarks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"875 ","pages":"Article 140372"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147502117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The stealth Kerr solution in the bumblebee gravity","authors":"Rui Xu ,&nbsp;Zhan-Feng Mai ,&nbsp;Dicong Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140364","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140364","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we find Kerr solution accompanied with a nontrivial vector field as a solution to one of the simplest vector-tensor theories of gravity, namely the bumblebee model with an intriguing coupling constant between the Ricci curvature tensor and the vector field. We also demonstrate that the accompanied vector field can be generated via the Newman-Janis algorithm from a simple spherical vector field, which together with the Schwarzschild metric constitutes a solution to the same bumblebee model. It is probably the simplest example of a theory and its black-hole solutions for the Newman-Janis algorithm to hold except for general relativity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"875 ","pages":"Article 140364"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147495440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Entropy and Non-Collapse in Lorentzian Geometry","authors":"Rohit Dhormare","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we establish a geometric correspondence between the Lorentzian Raychaudhuri equation and Perelman’s non-collapsing theorem for the Ricci flow. By interpreting the Raychaudhuri equation as a Lorentzian analogue of Ricci flow, we connect geodesic focusing in general relativity to the monotonicity and entropy functionals in geometric analysis. Through this correspondence, we derive a Lorentzian non-collapsing theorem and introduce a covariant entropy functional governing causal volume evolution. Finally, we propose the concept of geodesic entropy capacity-a curvature-bounded limit on the information that can be stored in spacetime regions-which unifies geometric, thermodynamic, and informational aspects of gravity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"875 ","pages":"Article 140355"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147495446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The third law of black hole dynamics in Lovelock gravity","authors":"Jyotirmoy De ,&nbsp;Chiranjeeb Singha ,&nbsp;Naresh Dadhich","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140375","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140375","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The third law of black hole dynamics states that it is impossible, through any classical perturbation of a stationary configuration, to reduce the surface gravity of a black hole to zero. In this work, we examine the validity of this law for static, spherically symmetric charged black holes in the Lovelock theory of gravity. By studying infinitesimal variations in mass and charge, we derive a set of inequalities that constrain these variations. Our analysis shows that as the surface gravity approaches zero (<em>κ</em> → 0), the range of admissible perturbations gradually diminishes, thereby forbidding the attainment of extremality through any finite classical process. The saturation of the inequality is interpreted as the emergence of a dynamical barrier near extremality, which prevents further evolution toward the extremal configuration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"875 ","pages":"Article 140375"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147502115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement of kaon directed flow in Au+Au collisions in the high baryon density region","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140353","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140353","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapidity-odd directed flow <em>v</em>₁ measurements are presented for <em>K</em>^± and <span><math><msubsup><mi>K</mi><mi>S</mi><mn>0</mn></msubsup></math></span> in Au + Au collisions for <span><math><msqrt><msub><mi>s</mi><mrow><mi>N</mi><mi>N</mi></mrow></msub></msqrt></math></span> from 3.0 to 3.9 GeV with the STAR experiment. For comparison, <em>v</em>₁ of <em>π</em>^±, protons, and Λ from the same collisions are also discussed. The mid-rapidity <em>v</em>₁ slope <span><math><mrow><mtext>d</mtext><msub><mi>v</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><msub><mrow><mo>/</mo><mtext>d</mtext><mi>y</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> for protons and Λ is positive in these collisions. On the other hand, <em>v</em>₁ slope of kaons exhibits a strong <span><math><msub><mi>p</mi><mtext>T</mtext></msub></math></span> dependence: negative at <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>p</mi><mtext>T</mtext></msub><mo>&lt;</mo></mrow></math></span> 0.6 GeV/<em>c</em> and positive at higher <span><math><msub><mi>p</mi><mtext>T</mtext></msub></math></span>. A similar <span><math><msub><mi>p</mi><mtext>T</mtext></msub></math></span> dependence is also evident for the <em>v</em>₁ slope of charged pions. Compared to the spectator-removed calculations in Au+Au collisions at <span><math><mrow><msqrt><msub><mi>s</mi><mtext>NN</mtext></msub></msqrt><mo>=</mo></mrow></math></span> 3.0–3.9 GeV, the JAM model demonstrates a pronounced shift of the <em>v</em>₁ slopes of mesons towards the negative direction. It suggests that the shadowing effect of the spectators plays an important role in the observed kaon anti-flow at low <span><math><msub><mi>p</mi><mtext>T</mtext></msub></math></span> in the high baryon density region of non-central collisions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"875 ","pages":"Article 140353"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147495434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}