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2019 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)最新文献

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Electronic Waste and the Special Case of Lead-Free Piezoelectrics: A Call for Legislative Action 电子废物和无铅压电材料的特殊情况:呼吁立法行动
2019 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS) Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/istas48451.2019.8937866
H. Hsain
{"title":"Electronic Waste and the Special Case of Lead-Free Piezoelectrics: A Call for Legislative Action","authors":"H. Hsain","doi":"10.1109/istas48451.2019.8937866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/istas48451.2019.8937866","url":null,"abstract":"The United States is one of the world's largest producers of electronic waste (e-waste) but has no current federal framework for its management or recycling. Recent European e-waste legislation has motivated scientific researchers to develop lead-free materials for electronic devices, such as lead-free piezoelectric alternatives to Lead zirconate titanate (PZT). Motivated by the case study of PZT alternatives, three major issues surrounding US e-waste regulation are identified: the current patchwork of state-by-state recycling policy, the lack of academic and industry cooperation to introduce lead-free alternative electronics, and the failure to manage and classify hazardous electronic materials and their alternatives through a full life-cycle perspective. A targeted, three-pronged solution toward more comprehensive federal e-waste policy is proposed: (1) Re-introduce S. 1397 Electronic Device Recycling Research and Development Act to enable the National Academy of Science to research effective ways of establishing a federal recycling program; (2) Propose the National Science Foundation submit a proposal for a “lead-free electronics and sustainable materials for the 21st century” Industry-University Cooperation Research Center (IUCRC); and (3) Work with international standards development organizations to manage and classify e-waste using life-cycle analysis.","PeriodicalId":201396,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","volume":"975 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116214789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Ethical Considerations in AI-Based Recruitment 人工智能招聘中的伦理考虑
2019 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS) Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/istas48451.2019.8937920
Dena F. Mujtaba, N. Mahapatra
{"title":"Ethical Considerations in AI-Based Recruitment","authors":"Dena F. Mujtaba, N. Mahapatra","doi":"10.1109/istas48451.2019.8937920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/istas48451.2019.8937920","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past few years, machine learning and AI have become increasingly common in human resources (HR) applications, such as candidate screening, resume parsing, and employee attrition and turnover prediction. Though AI assists in making these tasks more efficient, and seemingly less biased through automation, it relies heavily on data created by humans, and consequently can have human biases carry over to decisions made by a model. Several studies have shown biases in machine learning applications such as facial recognition and candidate ranking. This has spurred active research on the topic of fairness in machine learning over the last five years. Several toolkits to mitigate biases and interpret black box models have been developed in an effort to promote fair algorithms. This paper presents an overview of fairness definitions, methods, and tools as they relate to recruitment and establishes ethical considerations in the use of machine learning in the hiring space.","PeriodicalId":201396,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131098561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 47
Making Use of Foresight to Capture the Co-Evolution of Security Technologies and Societal Development 利用预见捕捉安全技术与社会发展的共同演变
2019 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS) Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/istas48451.2019.8937996
L. Gerhold, Tatjana Schmidt, Edda Brandes
{"title":"Making Use of Foresight to Capture the Co-Evolution of Security Technologies and Societal Development","authors":"L. Gerhold, Tatjana Schmidt, Edda Brandes","doi":"10.1109/istas48451.2019.8937996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/istas48451.2019.8937996","url":null,"abstract":"The following contribution focuses on the question of how emerging security technologies might influence the way people live in the future. Rapidly evolving security technologies come with new opportunities for the security sector on the one hand, but on the other lead to new threats related to privacy and a potential lack of democratic control. Using a foresight approach based on the concept of sociotechnical imaginaries, this paper offers a new approach to consider emerging technologies in the field of public security and reflect their potential impacts on society in Germany. By using storytelling in scenarios, a methodological approach is offered to capture potential future developments and make them accessible in a broader negotiation process about the pros and cons of implementing new security technologies. Referring to the concept of “security culture”, means ideas, norms, and practices of individuals and organizations about why and how security technologies will be implemented in understandable and comprehensible pictures of public security in Germany in the next ten to fifteen years. Those possible scenarios were developed based on data from qualitative content analyses of tech publications and policy papers that focus on emerging security technologies. With this foresight approach, it is possible to provide insight into the impact of security technology and initiate a reflection on current trends.","PeriodicalId":201396,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123864690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Toward Upcycled and Sustainable Robotics: Developing an Accessible, Flexible, and Environmentally Friendly Robotics Platform 迈向升级循环和可持续机器人:开发一个可访问的、灵活的和环保的机器人平台
2019 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS) Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/istas48451.2019.8937945
Eric Williams, Michael Swindon, Jenario Johnson, M. Acvecedo, E. Araiza, B. Garcia, Kendon Ricketts, B. Chandrasekaran, E. Elibol, M. Morris, R. Integlia
{"title":"Toward Upcycled and Sustainable Robotics: Developing an Accessible, Flexible, and Environmentally Friendly Robotics Platform","authors":"Eric Williams, Michael Swindon, Jenario Johnson, M. Acvecedo, E. Araiza, B. Garcia, Kendon Ricketts, B. Chandrasekaran, E. Elibol, M. Morris, R. Integlia","doi":"10.1109/istas48451.2019.8937945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/istas48451.2019.8937945","url":null,"abstract":"The development of an environmentally aware and accessible robotic platform that has the flexibility to be used in multiple applications is described. The robot utilizes upcycled components and serves as an economical robotic platform whose sensor loadout can easily be tailored for mission-specific needs. The robot can serve as an intelligent system applied to education, safety, environmental remediation, stewardship, physical rehabilitative services, service, or active sanitation applications. A sample of undergraduate student projects using this platform is discussed. These can lead to increased access to robotics, societal aid, and reduced waste.","PeriodicalId":201396,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125159636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Sustainable Engineering Ethics: Teaching Sustainability as a Macroethical Issue 可持续工程伦理:作为宏观伦理问题的可持续性教学
2019 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS) Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/istas48451.2019.8937862
A. Bielefeldt, M. Polmear, D. Knight, Chris Swan, N. Canney
{"title":"Sustainable Engineering Ethics: Teaching Sustainability as a Macroethical Issue","authors":"A. Bielefeldt, M. Polmear, D. Knight, Chris Swan, N. Canney","doi":"10.1109/istas48451.2019.8937862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/istas48451.2019.8937862","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores how sustainability issues have been integrated into the education of engineering and computing students, as one among many important macroethical issues. Based on surveys of educators focused primarily in the U.S., other Anglo countries, and Western Europe, 673 individuals reported teaching sustainability in their courses. These responses were examined for trends in teaching and assessment methods for ethics and societal impacts (ESI), and compared to those who teach ESI but not including sustainability. Follow-up interviews provided six more detailed examples of teaching practices specific to sustainability in courses where sustainability was a primary focus for integration. The results illustrate sustainability practices that include a macroethics lens, and could inspire educators to increase the integration of sustainability into their teaching.","PeriodicalId":201396,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","volume":"131 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120973962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Using Sustainable Robotics in an Intelligent Robotic Gardening System for Education 可持续机器人技术在教育用智能机器人园艺系统中的应用
2019 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS) Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/istas48451.2019.8937955
E. Araiza, M. Morris, R. Integlia
{"title":"Using Sustainable Robotics in an Intelligent Robotic Gardening System for Education","authors":"E. Araiza, M. Morris, R. Integlia","doi":"10.1109/istas48451.2019.8937955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/istas48451.2019.8937955","url":null,"abstract":"The project presented here intends to bring together robotics and gardening in a fun and interactive game. This game will become an educational tool to teach users about horticulture as well as sustainable practices in agriculture. Additionally, repurposed electronics including discarded robotic vacuums and laptop computers are utilized to facilitate the reduction of electronic waste and sustainability of the system. The combination of complex robotics and the simplicity of nature's plants can appeal to a wide audience and give widespread access to human-machine interaction. The learning activity is open source and will eventually be expanded to be used for intelligent urban gardening.","PeriodicalId":201396,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","volume":"235 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121420879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Renewable Energy Hybrid Grid-Connected System Sensitivity Analysis, Integration, and System Flexibility 可再生能源混合并网系统敏感性分析、集成和系统灵活性
2019 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS) Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/istas48451.2019.8938011
Yahya Z. Alharthi, M. Siddiki, G. Chaudhry
{"title":"Renewable Energy Hybrid Grid-Connected System Sensitivity Analysis, Integration, and System Flexibility","authors":"Yahya Z. Alharthi, M. Siddiki, G. Chaudhry","doi":"10.1109/istas48451.2019.8938011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/istas48451.2019.8938011","url":null,"abstract":"Clean energy is the key starting to be used as to solve the climate change or global warming problems. However, having intelligent, sustainable, and robust systems is a global challenge, specifically for renewable energy grid connected systems. One of the most important aspects is investigating the changes in load demand and electricity prices over the project lifetime and the possible impact on the system's performance. This paper continued work on a previous study and illustrates the importance of sensitivity analysis and system flexibility for RE systems connected to utility grid. Net present cost (NPC), levelized cost of energy (LCOE), system environmental impacts were investigated using HOMER software to do the analysis of this study. The simulation results showed that changes in load demand and electricity prices can have a significant impact on system's performance and integration to the power systems.","PeriodicalId":201396,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132650029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
mHealth4Afrika - Lessons Learnt and Good Practices from Validation of a Comprehensive Healthcare Solution for Resource Constrained Environments mHealth4Afrika——资源受限环境下综合医疗保健解决方案验证的经验教训和良好做法
2019 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS) Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/istas48451.2019.8937991
Paul M. Cunningham, M. Cunningham
{"title":"mHealth4Afrika - Lessons Learnt and Good Practices from Validation of a Comprehensive Healthcare Solution for Resource Constrained Environments","authors":"Paul M. Cunningham, M. Cunningham","doi":"10.1109/istas48451.2019.8937991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/istas48451.2019.8937991","url":null,"abstract":"Supported by the European Commission, mHealth4Afrika has co-designed and validated a modular, multilingual, comprehensive and state of the art health information system to support strengthening primary healthcare delivery in resource constrained environments. This work was carried out in partnership with Ministries of Health, district health officers, healthcare facility managers and healthcare workers from urban, rural and deep rural primary healthcare facilities in Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi and South Africa. This paper shares lessons learnt and good practices from validation of a comprehensive healthcare solution in challenging resource constrained environments during 2017 - 2019.","PeriodicalId":201396,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127039060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Prospect of the Internet of Renewable Energy (IoRE) in Electricity Networks 电力网络中可再生能源互联网(IoRE)的前景
2019 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS) Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/istas48451.2019.8937918
Famous O. Igbinovia, J. Krupka
{"title":"The Prospect of the Internet of Renewable Energy (IoRE) in Electricity Networks","authors":"Famous O. Igbinovia, J. Krupka","doi":"10.1109/istas48451.2019.8937918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/istas48451.2019.8937918","url":null,"abstract":"There is a global drive towards a complete renewable electricity system. A purely renewable electricity system with the Internet of Renewable Energy (IoRE) is a promising solution for providing efficient, reliable and comprehensive environmentally friendly services to electricity consumers. The internet technology is fundamental in the architecture of an Internet of Renewable Energy (IoRE) system. This paper proposes an Internet of Renewable Energy platform for electricity networks. The concept of IoRE has been introduced for a pollution free electricity grid architecture, which will bring about a total environmentally friendly electricity grid.","PeriodicalId":201396,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116838302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Active Transportation and the Performance of Passive Infrared Sensors: A Functional Test Case Scenario in Winnipeg, Canada 主动交通和被动红外传感器的性能:在加拿大温尼伯的一个功能测试案例
2019 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS) Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/istas48451.2019.8937935
Nini Nytepchuk
{"title":"Active Transportation and the Performance of Passive Infrared Sensors: A Functional Test Case Scenario in Winnipeg, Canada","authors":"Nini Nytepchuk","doi":"10.1109/istas48451.2019.8937935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/istas48451.2019.8937935","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses some of the results obtained after a multi-seasonal operational test on two commercially available passive infrared counters (PICs), and their use as pedestrians counting sensors as a function of site. In addition, a sensitivity evaluation was performed to determine various properties and effects during extreme conditions. Three sites were selected for field analysis in Winnipeg, Canada. Potential applications on active transportation are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":201396,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122568923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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