Photochemistry and Photobiology最新文献

{"title":"Targeting the m⁶A RNA demethylase FTO enhances UVB-induced DNA damage repair and suppresses skin tumor growth.","authors":"Zizhao Yang, Michelle Verghese, Yan-Hong Cui, Jiangbo Wei, Seungwon Yang, Chuan He, Yu-Ying He","doi":"10.1111/php.70060","DOIUrl":"10.1111/php.70060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nonmelanoma skin cancers are rising in incidence and are largely driven by solar ultraviolet B radiation (UVB) exposure. A growing body of evidence suggests that m⁶A RNA methylation plays a critical role in regulating the DNA damage response to UVB. Here, we identify a novel function for the m⁶A demethylase FTO in modulating the UVB damage response and skin carcinogenesis. We show that FTO loss enhances the repair of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD), the major DNA lesions induced by UV radiation, in a METTL14-dependent manner, at least in part by promoting protein translation of the global genome repair (GGR) factor DDB2 through increased m⁶A methylation of DDB2 mRNA. These effects were recapitulated using two small-molecule FTO inhibitors, CS1 and FB23-2. Furthermore, loss of FTO reduced tumor growth in mice and FTO expression was upregulated in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) compared with normal skin. Together, these findings uncover a critical role for FTO in regulating post-transcriptional gene expression in the UVB damage response and suggest that FTO may be a therapeutic target in skin cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13006996/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145708920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioinspired chitosan-zeolite composite: A green photocatalyst for water purification and energy-relevant oxidation reactions.","authors":"Anupma Yadav, Rajesh K Yadav, Arvind K Yadav, Kanchan Sharma, Shaifali Mishra, Rehana Shahin, Surendra K Jaiswal, Vinay K Mishra, Jin OoK Baeg","doi":"10.1111/php.70061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/php.70061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing contamination of aquatic systems by synthetic dyes such as methylene blue (MB) underscores the urgent need for sustainable and cost-effective wastewater treatment technologies. In this study, a novel biocomposite photocatalyst composed of chitosan and thermally treated ZSM-5 zeolite, denoted as ZSM-5 (800)/CS, was synthesized and systematically evaluated for its environmental remediation potential. The ZSM-5 (800)/CS composite exhibited superior photocatalytic activity, achieving 63% MB degradation within 210 min-significantly higher than pure chitosan, which achieved only 21% removal under identical conditions. The reduced optical bandgap (2.24 eV) of the biocomposite enhanced visible-light absorption, thereby improving its photocatalytic performance. Moreover, under aerobic conditions, ZSM-5 (800)/CS demonstrated excellent catalytic efficiency for the selective oxidation of organic sulfides to sulfoxides, achieving up to 96% yield and selectivity. These results highlight the dual functionality of the biocomposite for both wastewater detoxification and valuable chemical transformation. The study emphasizes the potential of integrating biopolymeric and zeolitic frameworks to develop sustainable photocatalysts that contribute to cleaner water resources and greener environmental technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145701574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct evidence of singlet molecular oxygen [O₂ (¹Δg)] production from UVA excited 6-thioguanine.","authors":"André L Lopes, Fernanda M Prado, Helena C Junqueira, Marisa H G Medeiros, Graziella E Ronsein, Jean Cadet, Paolo Di Mascio","doi":"10.1111/php.70044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/php.70044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>6-Thioguanine (6-TGua) is one of the thiopurines used as a cytostatic drug. When internalized by cells, 6-TGua is metabolized through the purine salvage pathway and readily incorporated into DNA. Patients treated with these thiopurines are more prone to develop squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. The absorbance spectrum of 6-TGua, in contrast to guanine (Gua) or any other canonical base, has a maximum absorbance at 342 nm. Therefore, 6-TGua undergoes photoexcitation upon exposure to UVA radiation, with maximum absorption at 340 nm. In this study, the used approach unequivocally demonstrates the generation and quenching of ¹O₂ by 6-TGua via the direct spectroscopic detection of ¹O₂ monomol light emission at 1270 nm. Chemiluminescence-based methods were employed for the determination of the ¹O₂ generation quantum yield (Φ¹O₂) and the total ¹O₂ quenching rate constant (k_t). For the ¹O₂ quantum yield, we found values of 0.22 ± 0.03 for 6-TGua and 0.12 ± 0.03 for 2'-deoxy-6-thioguanosine (6-TdGuo). These compounds presented k_t values of 1.5 × 10⁷ L mol^-1 s^-1 and 1.1 × 10⁷ L mol^-1 s^-1, respectively. Through the comparison of these values with the ones obtained for 2'-deoxyguanosine (dGuo) and its oxidation product 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodGuo), we aim to provide new insights into the 6-TGua-containing DNA (DNA-6-TGua) reactivity towards ¹O₂ in a biological context.</p>","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145637517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Possible involvement of keratinocyte-derived microvesicle particles in human photosensitivity disorders.","authors":"Risha Annamraju, Madison S Owens, Anita Thyagarajan, Danielle A Corbin, Catherine M T Sherwin, Jade Bryant, Garrett W Fisher, Winston R Owens, Alycia Ketter, Aadil Umerani, Craig A Rohan, Michael G Kemp, Robyn K Crow, Jeffrey B Travers","doi":"10.1111/php.70058","DOIUrl":"10.1111/php.70058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous murine studies have implicated acid sphingomyelinase (aSMase)-generated subcellular microvesicle particles (MVP) in photosensitivity. Objective: The current double-blinded placebo-controlled studies examined if a single localized ultraviolet B radiation (UVB) treatment generated more MVP in human subjects with self-identified photosensitivity versus normal controls. A topical 4% formulation of the aSMase inhibitor imipramine applied immediately after UVB blocked the MVP release and erythema responses. Erythema responses at 24 and 72 h in response to multiple UVB fluences and minimal erythema doses (MED) at 24 h and effects of imipramine were also tested. Small cohorts of 10 adult self-identified photosensitive subjects and 12 controls were enrolled in these pilot studies which revealed increased levels of skin MVP in UVB-treated photosensitive subjects over controls which correlated with MED values. Moreover, post-UVB application of imipramine blunted UVB-induced MVP responses as well as tended to diminish erythema levels at 4 h but not at 24 or 72 h in photosensitive patients. Though limited by low numbers of self-identified subjects, these pilot studies provide some support for the hypothesis that MVP could be involved in multiple types of human photosensitivity responses and suggest aSMase inhibition as a potential therapeutic strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145605439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptional benchmark dose modeling of ultraviolet radiation-induced genomic activation in mouse skin.","authors":"Sami S Qutob, Samantha P M Roesch, Sandy Smiley, Pascale V Bellier, Andrew Williams, Kate B Cook, Matthew J Meier, Andrea Rowan-Carroll, Carole L Yauk, James P McNamee, Vinita Chauhan","doi":"10.1111/php.70059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/php.70059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The in vivo transcriptional response of mouse skin to ultraviolet radiation (UV-R) exposure reveals key genomic alterations associated with UV-R-induced damage but it does not provide precise dose thresholds for these effects. These initial findings provided the impetus to advance dose-response characterization by integrating benchmark dose (BMD) modeling with transcriptomic data, aiming to identify biologically relevant points of departure for gene and pathway activation. To accomplish this, mice were exposed to five erythemally weighted UV-R doses (0-40 mJ/cm²) emitted from a UV-emitting tanning device, across six post-exposure timepoints (0-96 h). Four analytical methods were used to estimate BMDs, with the lowest consistent response dose (LCRD) approach yielding the most sensitive estimates (1.21-3.44 mJ/cm²). Transcriptomic responses revealed activation of shared pathways related to DNA damage and cancer, oxidative stress and metabolism, inflammation and immunity, and hormonal disruption. Notably, the majority of LCRD BMD estimates (1.21-3.44 mJ/cm²) were lower than the International Electrotechnical Commission standard actinic exposure limit (3 mJ/cm² (erythemally weighted)) for broadband UV-R (200-400 nm) for unprotected skin and the eye for an 8 h period. These findings suggest that transcriptomic BMD modeling can detect early biological responses to UV-R at doses lower than current exposure limits.</p>","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145596912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photoswitching, aggregation, and negative photochromism in ionic arylazoisoxazolium photoswitches.","authors":"Gayathri Parthiban, Himanshu Kumar, Anees Rahman Parambattummal, Sugumar Venkataramani","doi":"10.1111/php.70056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/php.70056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The direct introduction of ionic character in azoheteroarenes led to the generation of azopyridinium, azoimidazolium, and azopyrazolium photoswitches, which have previously garnered intriguing application prospects due to their varied Z-E thermal relaxation properties. We leveraged this foundation to design and synthesize three azoisoxazolium-based ionic photoswitches, aiming to expand their application scope and tailor their properties. The investigations on their photoswitching characteristics in different solvents, including water, revealed a solvent-dependent aggregation that competes with isomerization, although their thermal relaxations slow down the aggregation. Also, spectroscopic and dynamic light scattering (DLS) studies showed that the azoisoxazolium ionic photoswitches can exhibit negative photochromism, light-induced disaggregation at low concentrations in one of the derivatives, and significantly fluorescence emission in water. In addition, microscopic studies using scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), polarized optical microscope (POM), and confocal microscope revealed the size and structural morphology and mesophase changes of the aggregates. Overall, our comprehensive investigation has positioned azoisoxazolium salts as a new class of ionic photoswitches characterized by several intriguing properties and a pronounced tendency to aggregate.</p>","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145534582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination of iron chelator deferoxamine and ABCG2 transporter inhibitor lapatinib for therapeutic enhancement of 5-aminolevulinic acid.","authors":"Jordyn Olsen, Sharayu Chandratre, Lolwah Alsalamah, Daniel Merenich, Kenneth A Myers, Bin Chen","doi":"10.1111/php.70057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/php.70057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA)-induced protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) for tumor fluorescence imaging and photodynamic therapy (PDT) may be limited by intrinsic PpIX-reducing mechanisms including PpIX bioconversion and efflux transport. The effectiveness of targeting these PpIX-reducing mechanisms was evaluated in glioblastoma cell lines. Although either inhibiting PpIX bioconversion by an iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO) or suppressing PpIX efflux by an ABCG2 transporter inhibitor lapatinib (Lap) significantly increased ALA-PpIX and PDT effect in the A172 cell line with weak ABCG2 activity, DFO in combination with Lap led to significantly greater enhancement effects. However, DFO did not significantly enhance ALA in H4, U-87, and U-118 cell lines with robust ABCG2 activities, whereas Lap showed effective enhancement effects. The combination of DFO and Lap enhanced ALA-induced PpIX and PDT in these three cell lines. Not just increasing ALA-PpIX levels, Lap enhanced PpIX localization in the mitochondria and promoted mitochondria-mediated apoptosis after PDT in the H4 cell line with strong ABCG2 activities. Our results demonstrate that blocking ABCG2-mediated PpIX efflux is critical for the enhancement of ALA and, in tumor cells with ABCG2 activities, inhibiting PpIX bioconversion by DFO needs to be combined with PpIX efflux suppression for effective enhancement of ALA.</p>","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145541823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of the larvae of the sea urchin Centrostephanus rodgersii under light and polarization conditions.","authors":"Ben Li, Matthew Clements, Paulina Selvakumaraswamy, Zhenxu Yang, Ken-Tye Yong, Maria Byrne, Céline Bœhm","doi":"10.1111/php.70055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/php.70055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper, we investigated the response of the larvae of the sea urchin Centrostephanus rodgersii to unpolarized halogen light, darkness as well as polarized (linear, circular and elliptical) halogen light presented in side view to observation chambers. The larvae exhibited positive phototaxis when exposed to unpolarized, horizontally polarized, elliptically polarized, and circularly polarized light. However, they did not respond to vertically polarized light. In fact, larval swimming behavior after exposure to vertically polarized light was the same as keeping them in the dark. These findings indicate that not only may the larvae of C. rodgersii have photoreceptors capable of detecting light in the visible spectrum but they may also possess the capacity to differentiate between horizontally and vertically polarized light, which might help them navigate. These findings suggest the possibility of aligned photoreceptors in these larvae. In addition, we found that the larvae respond to circularly polarized light. This result is notable as there are few documented cases of circular polarization sensitivity in animals. As they did not appear to have a preference between the left- and right-handed polarizations, one would need to study their photoreceptor cells to determine the mechanism by which they can detect circular polarization. This could pave the way to the development of new polarization detectors based on biological mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145534633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in UV radiation and ozone in South America and Antarctica.","authors":"Bruna Cogo Borin, James Eduardo Lago Londero, Maurício Beux Dos Santos, Lucas Vaz Peres, André Passaglia Schuch","doi":"10.1111/php.70054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/php.70054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation and atmospheric ozone are critical determinants of ecosystem dynamics and human health. This study aimed to assess the terrestrial profile of solar UV radiation and its genotoxic risk in the South American subtropical region (29° S 53° W). From 2005 to 2021, ground-based physical sensors showed an increase of approximately 50% in UVB (280-315 nm; +0.28 kJ/m² per year), but no significant trend in UVA (315-400 nm). Despite the existence of four defined climatic seasons, simultaneous measurements using UVA, UVB, and DNA-based sensors revealed two distinct UV seasons: a high-UV season encompassing spring and summer, and a low-UV season encompassing winter and autumn. Notably, spring sunlight was found to be as genotoxic as summer sunlight, and even winter and autumn sunlight may pose a genotoxic risk on cloudless days, as indicated by measurements of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and oxidized bases. Given the rising UVB levels without an increase in UVA, we investigated satellite-derived ozone data from NASA's ozone monitoring instrument (OMI) and total ozone mapping spectrometer (TOMS) sensors across South America and Antarctica. Overall, analysis from 1979 to 2021 showed negative ozone trends at 2° S 54° W (Santarém), 23° S 46° W (São Paulo), and 29° S 53° W (Santa Maria) even after the onset of the Montreal Protocol, while positive trends were observed at 53° S 70° W (Punta Arenas) and 62° S 58° W (Brazilian Antarctic Station) following the protocol. Strikingly, the UVB and ozone trends observed across seasons suggest that ozone is being transported poleward persistently rather than seasonally, possibly driven by a climate change-induced acceleration of the Brewer-Dobson Circulation. This persistent pattern demonstrates that ozone depletion at low and mid-latitudes is not limited to springtime but persists throughout the year. Our findings indicate that low- and mid-latitudes in South America are experiencing climate changes, stratospheric ozone depletion, and increased UVB incidence, resulting in heightened genotoxic risks, highlighting the urgent need for monitoring and mitigation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145506353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photophobotaxis of single-celled and filamentous cyanobacteria.","authors":"Maria Sinetova, Nina Spohrer, David Gabrielyan, Luke Lehmann, Julian Breinich, Dmitry Los, Tilman Lamparter","doi":"10.1111/php.70051","DOIUrl":"10.1111/php.70051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phototaxis refers to an organism's movement toward a light source, while photophobotaxis involves movement into illuminated regions. Although phototaxis in cyanobacteria has been widely studied, photophobotaxis has been investigated in only a few species. In this study, we examined photophobotaxis of 7 single-celled and 11 filamentous cyanobacterial species, among them 3 Nostocales (filaments with heterocysts) and 5 Oscillatoriales and 1 Desertifiliales member. All single-celled species and all Oscillatoriales/Desertifiliales exhibited photophobotaxis, whereas no evidence of photophobotaxis was found for the Nostocales and two other species. A pilus-free mutant of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 did not display this behavior. The photosystem II inhibitor DCMU disrupted photophobotaxis in single-celled and filamentous cyanobacteria at a concentration of 10 μM; only the filamentous Phormidium lacuna (P. lacuna) required 100 μM DCMU for inhibition. This points to PS II as a sensor of photophobotaxis. The widespread occurrence of photophobotaxis aligns with the universality of photosystems. Previous studies on spectral sensitivity and the cyanobacteriochrome PixJ in P. lacuna identified PixJ as a negative regulator of photophobotaxis. In pixJ mutants, light sensitivity was increased compared with the wild-type. Dual-wavelength experiments confirmed that yellow light induces PixJ to downregulate photophobotaxis. Our experiments also show that P. lacuna moves faster in darkness than in light and that a temporal change of light intensity from light to dark can induce a change of movement direction. Both findings support the light trap model which is based on random movement and a change of movement direction at the light-dark border.</p>","PeriodicalId":20133,"journal":{"name":"Photochemistry and Photobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145506280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}