Photosynthesis ResearchPub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2023-11-29DOI: 10.1007/s11120-023-01060-8
Maxim Y Gorbunov, Paul G Falkowski
{"title":"Using picosecond fluorescence lifetime analysis to determine photosynthesis in the world's oceans.","authors":"Maxim Y Gorbunov, Paul G Falkowski","doi":"10.1007/s11120-023-01060-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11120-023-01060-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phytoplankton in the ocean account for less than 1% of the global photosynthetic biomass, but contribute about 45% of the photosynthetically fixed carbon on Earth. This amazing production/biomass ratio implies a very high photosynthetic efficiency. But, how efficiently is the absorbed light used in marine photosynthesis? The introduction of picosecond and then femtosecond lasers for kinetic measurements in mid 1970s to 90 s was a revolution in basic photosynthesis research that vastly improved our understanding of the energy conversion processes in photosynthetic reactions. Until recently, the use of this technology in the ocean was not feasible due to the complexity of related instrumentation and the lack of picosecond lasers suitable for routine operation in the field. However, recent advances in solid-state laser technology and the development of compact data acquisition electronics led to the application of picosecond fluorescence lifetime analyses in the field. Here, we review the development of operational ultrasensitive picosecond fluorescence instruments to infer photosynthetic energy conversion processes in ocean ecosystems. This analysis revealed that, in spite of the high production/biomass ratio in marine phytoplankton, the photosynthetic energy conversion efficiency is exceptionally low-on average, ca. 50% of its maximum potential, suggesting that most of the contemporary open ocean surface waters are extremely nutrient deficient.</p>","PeriodicalId":20130,"journal":{"name":"Photosynthesis Research","volume":" ","pages":"253-259"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138452139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Photosynthesis ResearchPub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2023-06-27DOI: 10.1007/s11120-023-01034-w
Alexander N Tikhonov
{"title":"The cytochrome b<sub>6</sub>f complex: plastoquinol oxidation and regulation of electron transport in chloroplasts.","authors":"Alexander N Tikhonov","doi":"10.1007/s11120-023-01034-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11120-023-01034-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In oxygenic photosynthetic systems, the cytochrome b<sub>6</sub>f (Cytb<sub>6</sub>f) complex (plastoquinol:plastocyanin oxidoreductase) is a heart of the hub that provides connectivity between photosystems (PS) II and I. In this review, the structure and function of the Cytb<sub>6</sub>f complex are briefly outlined, being focused on the mechanisms of a bifurcated (two-electron) oxidation of plastoquinol (PQH<sub>2</sub>). In plant chloroplasts, under a wide range of experimental conditions (pH and temperature), a diffusion of PQH<sub>2</sub> from PSII to the Cytb<sub>6</sub>f does not limit the intersystem electron transport. The overall rate of PQH<sub>2</sub> turnover is determined mainly by the first step of the bifurcated oxidation of PQH<sub>2</sub> at the catalytic site Q<sub>o</sub>, i.e., the reaction of electron transfer from PQH<sub>2</sub> to the Fe<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub> cluster of the high-potential Rieske iron-sulfur protein (ISP). This point has been supported by the quantum chemical analysis of PQH<sub>2</sub> oxidation within the framework of a model system including the Fe<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub> cluster of the ISP and surrounding amino acids, the low-potential heme b<sub>6</sub><sup>L</sup>, Glu78 and 2,3,5-trimethylbenzoquinol (the tail-less analog of PQH<sub>2</sub>). Other structure-function relationships and mechanisms of electron transport regulation of oxygenic photosynthesis associated with the Cytb<sub>6</sub>f complex are briefly outlined: pH-dependent control of the intersystem electron transport and the regulatory balance between the operation of linear and cyclic electron transfer chains.</p>","PeriodicalId":20130,"journal":{"name":"Photosynthesis Research","volume":" ","pages":"203-227"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9695927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Photosynthesis ResearchPub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2023-07-22DOI: 10.1007/s11120-023-01039-5
Vladimir Z Paschenko, Eugene P Lukashev, Mahir D Mamedov, Daniil A Gvozdev, Peter P Knox
{"title":"Effect of cationic antiseptics on fluorescent characteristics and electron transfer in cyanobacterial photosystem I complexes.","authors":"Vladimir Z Paschenko, Eugene P Lukashev, Mahir D Mamedov, Daniil A Gvozdev, Peter P Knox","doi":"10.1007/s11120-023-01039-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11120-023-01039-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, the effects of cationic antiseptics such as chlorhexidine, picloxidine, miramistin, and octenidine at concentrations up to 150 µM on fluorescence spectra and its lifetimes, as well as on light-induced electron transfer in protein-pigment complexes of photosystem I (PSI) isolated from cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 have been studied. In doing so, octenidine turned out to be the most \"effective\" in terms of its influence on the spectral and functional characteristics of PSI complexes. It has been shown that the rate of energy migration from short-wavelength forms of light-harvesting chlorophyll to long-wavelength ones slows down upon addition of octenidine to the PSI suspension. After photo-separation of charges between the primary electron donor P<sub>700</sub> and the terminal iron-sulfur center(s) F<sub>A</sub>/F<sub>B</sub>, the rate of forward electron transfer from (F<sub>A</sub>/F<sub>B</sub>)<sup>-</sup> to the external medium slows down while the rate of charge recombination between reduced F<sub>A</sub>/F<sub>B</sub><sup>-</sup> and photooxidized P<sub>700</sub><sup>+</sup> increases. The paper considers the possible causes of the observed action of the antiseptic.</p>","PeriodicalId":20130,"journal":{"name":"Photosynthesis Research","volume":" ","pages":"241-251"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9853711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Photosynthesis ResearchPub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2024-03-12DOI: 10.1007/s11120-024-01090-w
Harvey J M Hou, Suleyman I Allakhverdiev
{"title":"Photo-induced processes in photosynthesis-from femtoseconds to seconds.","authors":"Harvey J M Hou, Suleyman I Allakhverdiev","doi":"10.1007/s11120-024-01090-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11120-024-01090-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Photosynthesis nourishes nearly all life on Earth. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the processes by which sunlight is converted into stored chemical energy presents an important and continuing challenge for fundamental scientific research. This Special Issue is dedicated to academician Vladimir A. Shuvalov (1943-2022). We are delighted to present 15 manuscripts in the Special Issue, including two review articles and 13 research papers. These papers are contributed by 67 authors from 8 countries, including China (9), Germany (8), Hungary (4), Italy (6), Japan (2), Russia (24), Taiwan (9), and USA (5). This Special Issue provides some of the recent updates on the dynamical aspects of the initial steps of photosynthesis, including excitation energy transfer, electron transport, and dissipation of energy across time domains from femtoseconds to seconds. We hope that the readers will benefit from the work presented in this Special Issue in honor of Prof. Shuvalov in many ways. We hope that the Special Issue will provide a valued resource to stimulate research efforts, initiate potential collaboration, and promote new directions in the photosynthesis community.</p>","PeriodicalId":20130,"journal":{"name":"Photosynthesis Research","volume":" ","pages":"93-95"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140111144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Photosynthesis ResearchPub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2023-04-24DOI: 10.1007/s11120-023-01019-9
Irina V Elanskaya, Alexander A Bulychev, Evgeny P Lukashev, Elena M Muronets, Eugene G Maksimov
{"title":"Roles of ApcD and orange carotenoid protein in photoinduction of electron transport upon dark-light transition in the Synechocystis PCC 6803 mutant deficient in flavodiiron protein Flv1.","authors":"Irina V Elanskaya, Alexander A Bulychev, Evgeny P Lukashev, Elena M Muronets, Eugene G Maksimov","doi":"10.1007/s11120-023-01019-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11120-023-01019-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Flavodiiron proteins Flv1/Flv3 accept electrons from photosystem (PS) I. In this work we investigated light adaptation mechanisms of Flv1-deficient mutant of Synechocystis PCC 6803, incapable to form the Flv1/Flv3 heterodimer. First seconds of dark-light transition were studied by parallel measurements of light-induced changes in chlorophyll fluorescence, P700 redox transformations, fluorescence emission at 77 K, and OCP-dependent fluorescence quenching. During the period of Calvin cycle activation upon dark-light transition, the linear electron transport (LET) in wild type is supported by the Flv1/Flv3 heterodimer, whereas in Δflv1 mutant activation of LET upon illumination is preceded by cyclic electron flow that maintains State 2. The State 2-State 1 transition and Orange Carotenoid Protein (OCP)-dependent non-photochemical quenching occur independently of each other, begin in about 10 s after the illumination of the cells and are accompanied by a short-term re-reduction of the PSI reaction center (P700<sup>+</sup>). ApcD is important for the State 2-State 1 transition in the Δflv1 mutant, but S-M rise in chlorophyll fluorescence was not completely inhibited in Δflv1/ΔapcD mutant. LET in Δflv1 mutant starts earlier than the S-M rise in chlorophyll fluorescence, and the oxidation of plastoquinol (PQH<sub>2</sub>) pool promotes the activation of PSII, transient re-reduction of P700<sup>+</sup> and transition to State 1. An attempt to induce state transition in the wild type under high intensity light using methyl viologen, highly oxidizing P700 and PQH<sub>2</sub>, was unsuccessful, showing that oxidation of intersystem electron-transport carriers might be insufficient for the induction of State 2-State 1 transition in wild type of Synechocystis under high light.</p>","PeriodicalId":20130,"journal":{"name":"Photosynthesis Research","volume":" ","pages":"97-114"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9394688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Plant morphology, secondary metabolites and chlorophyll fluorescence of Artemisia argyi under different LED environments.","authors":"Pengfei Su, Shuangshuang Ding, Dacheng Wang, Wenjie Kan, Meng Yuan, Xue Chen, Caiguo Tang, Jinyan Hou, Lifang Wu","doi":"10.1007/s11120-023-01026-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11120-023-01026-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Different light spectra from light-emitting diodes (LEDs) trigger species-specific adaptive responses in plants. We exposed Artemisia argyi (A. argyi) to four LED spectra: white (the control group), monochromatic red light (R), monochromatic blue light (B), or a mixture of R and B light of photon flux density ratio is 3 (RB), with equivalent photoperiod (14 h) and light intensity (160 μmol s<sup>-1</sup> m<sup>-2</sup>). R light accelerated photomorphogenesis but decreased biomass, while B light significantly increased leaf area and short-term exposure (7 days) to B light increased total phenols and flavonoids. HPLC identified chlorogenic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, gallic acid, jaceosidin, eupatilin, and taxol compounds, with RB and R light significantly accumulating chlorogenic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, and gallic acid, and B light promoting jaceosidin, eupatilin, and taxol. OJIP measurements showed that B light had the least effect on the effective quantum yield ΦPSII, with higher rETR(II), Fv/Fm, qL and PIabs, followed by RB light. R light led to faster photomorphology but lower biomass than RB and B lights and produced the most inadaptability, as shown by reduced ΦPSII and enlarged ΦNPQ and ΦNO. Overall, short-term B light promoted secondary metabolite production while maintaining effective quantum yield and less energy dissipation.</p>","PeriodicalId":20130,"journal":{"name":"Photosynthesis Research","volume":" ","pages":"153-164"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10197053/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9502724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Photosynthesis ResearchPub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2023-11-30DOI: 10.1007/s11120-023-01059-1
M Kis, T Szabó, J Tandori, P Maróti
{"title":"Roadmap of electrons from donor side to the reaction center of photosynthetic purple bacteria with mutated cytochromes.","authors":"M Kis, T Szabó, J Tandori, P Maróti","doi":"10.1007/s11120-023-01059-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11120-023-01059-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In photosynthetic bacteria, the absorbed light drives the canonical cyclic electron transfer between the reaction center and the cytochrome bc<sub>1</sub> complexes via the pools of mobile electron carriers. If kinetic or structural barriers hinder the participation of the bc<sub>1</sub> complex in the cyclic flow of electrons, then the pools of mobile redox agents must supply the electrons for the multiple turnovers of the reaction center. These conditions were achieved by continuous high light excitation of intact cells of bacterial strains Rba. sphaeroides and Rvx. gelatinosus with depleted donor side cytochromes c<sub>2</sub> (cycA) and tetraheme cytochrome subunit (pufC), respectively. The gradual oxidation by ferricyanide further reduced the availability of electron donors to pufC. Electron transfer through the reaction center was tracked by absorption change and by induction and relaxation of the fluorescence of the bacteriochlorophyll dimer. The rate constants of the electron transfer (~ 3 × 10<sup>3</sup> s<sup>‒1</sup>) from the mobile donors of Rvx. gelatinosus bound either to the RC (pufC) or to the tetraheme subunit (wild type) were similar. The electrons transferred through the reaction center dimer were supplied entirely by the donor pool; their number amounted to about 5 in wild type Rvx. gelatinosus and decreased to 1 in pufC oxidized by ferricyanide. Fluorescence yield was measured as a function of the oxidized fraction of the dimer and its complex shape reveals the contribution of two competing processes: the migration of the excitation energy among the photosynthetic units and the availability of electron donors to the oxidized dimer. The experimental results were simulated and rationalized by a simple kinetic model of the two-electron cycling of the acceptor side combined with aperiodic one-electron redox function of the donor side.</p>","PeriodicalId":20130,"journal":{"name":"Photosynthesis Research","volume":" ","pages":"261-272"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10991045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138461794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Photosynthesis ResearchPub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2024-01-10DOI: 10.1007/s11120-023-01064-4
Franz-Josef Schmitt, Anne Hüls, Marcus Moldenhauer, Thomas Friedrich
{"title":"How electron tunneling and uphill excitation energy transfer support photochemistry in Halomicronema hongdechloris.","authors":"Franz-Josef Schmitt, Anne Hüls, Marcus Moldenhauer, Thomas Friedrich","doi":"10.1007/s11120-023-01064-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11120-023-01064-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Halomicronema hongdechloris, the first cyanobacterium reported to produce the red-shifted chlorophyll f (Chl f) upon acclimation to far-red light, demonstrates remarkable adaptability to diverse light conditions. The photosystem II (PS II) of this organism undergoes reversible changes in its Chl f content, ranging from practically zero under white-light culture conditions to a Chl f: Chl a ratio of up to 1:8 when exposed to far-red light (FRL) of 720-730 nm for several days. Our ps time- and wavelength-resolved fluorescence data obtained after excitation of living H. hongdechloris cells indicate that the Soret band of a far-red (FR) chlorophyll involved in charge separation absorbs around 470 nm. At 10 K, the fluorescence decay at 715-720 nm is still fast with a time constant of 165 ps indicating an efficient electron tunneling process. There is efficient excitation energy transfer (EET) from 715-720 nm to 745 nm with the latter resulting from FR Chl f, which mainly functions as light-harvesting pigment upon adaptation to FRL. From there, excitation energy reaches the primary donor in the reaction center of PS II with an energetic uphill EET mechanism inducing charge transfer. The fluorescence data are well explained with a secondary donor P<sub>D1</sub> represented by a red-shifted Chl a molecule with characteristic fluorescence around 715 nm and a more red-shifted FR Chl f with fluorescence around 725 nm as primary donor at the Chl<sub>D1</sub> or P<sub>D2</sub> position.</p>","PeriodicalId":20130,"journal":{"name":"Photosynthesis Research","volume":" ","pages":"273-289"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139404076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Photosynthesis ResearchPub Date : 2024-03-01Epub Date: 2023-07-07DOI: 10.1007/s11120-023-01035-9
Sarah M Mäusle, Neva Agarwala, Viktor G Eichmann, Holger Dau, Dennis J Nürnberg, Gary Hastings
{"title":"Nanosecond time-resolved infrared spectroscopy for the study of electron transfer in photosystem I.","authors":"Sarah M Mäusle, Neva Agarwala, Viktor G Eichmann, Holger Dau, Dennis J Nürnberg, Gary Hastings","doi":"10.1007/s11120-023-01035-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11120-023-01035-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microsecond time-resolved step-scan FTIR difference spectroscopy was used to study photosystem I (PSI) from Thermosynechococcus vestitus BP-1 (T. vestitus, formerly known as T. elongatus) at 77 K. In addition, photoaccumulated (P700<sup>+</sup>-P700) FTIR difference spectra were obtained at both 77 and 293 K. The FTIR difference spectra are presented here for the first time. To extend upon these FTIR studies nanosecond time-resolved infrared difference spectroscopy was also used to study PSI from T. vestitus at 296 K. Nanosecond infrared spectroscopy has never been used to study PSI samples at physiological temperatures, and here it is shown that such an approach has great value as it allows a direct probe of electron transfer down both branches in PSI. In PSI at 296 K, the infrared flash-induced absorption changes indicate electron transfer down the B- and A-branches is characterized by time constants of 33 and 364 ns, respectively, in good agreement with visible spectroscopy studies. These time constants are associated with forward electron transfer from A<sub>1</sub><sup>-</sup> to F<sub>X</sub> on the B- and A-branches, respectively. At several infrared wavelengths flash-induced absorption changes at 296 K recover in tens to hundreds of milliseconds. The dominant decay phase is characterized by a lifetime of 128 ms. These millisecond changes are assigned to radical pair recombination reactions, with the changes being associated primarily with P700<sup>+</sup> rereduction. This conclusion follows from the observation that the millisecond infrared spectrum is very similar to the photoaccumulated (P700<sup>+</sup>-P700) FTIR difference spectrum.</p>","PeriodicalId":20130,"journal":{"name":"Photosynthesis Research","volume":" ","pages":"229-239"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10991071/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9763937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Photo-protection and photo-inhibition during light induction in Barbula indica and Conocephalum conicum under different light gradients.","authors":"Chung-I Chen, Kuan-Hung Lin, Meng-Yuan Huang, Kuei-Yu Yao, Chau-Ching Huang, Tzu-Chao Lin, En-Liang Chu, Jia-Dong Yang, Ching-Wen Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11120-023-01030-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11120-023-01030-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objectives of this study were to measure the chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) parameters of Barbula indica (Hook.) Spreng and Conocephalum conicum (L.) Dumort subjected to various light intensities (LI) as a reflection of their adaptability to their habitats. The electron transport rate (ETR) of all plants under 500 μmol m<sup>-2</sup> s<sup>-1</sup> photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) was significantly higher than other LI treatments, implying that these plants could be grown under a specific and optimal light intensity adapted to 500 PPFD conditions. As LI increased from 50 to 2,000 PPFD, we observed in all plants increased non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) and photo-inhibitory quenching (q<sub>I</sub>) and decreased photosystem II efficiency (ΦPSII), potential quantum efficiency of PSII (F<sub>v</sub>/F<sub>m</sub>), actual PSII efficiency (ΔF/F<sub>m</sub>'%), and F<sub>v</sub>/F<sub>m</sub>%. In addition, energy-dependent quenching (q<sub>E</sub>), the light protection system (q<sub>E</sub> + q<sub>Z</sub> + q<sub>T</sub>), and q<sub>I</sub> increased as ΦPSII decreased and photo-inhibition% increased under 1000, 1500, and 2000 PPFD conditions, suggesting that these plants had higher photo-protective ability under high LI treatments to maintain higher photosynthetic system performance. B. indica plants remained photochemically active and maintained higher q<sub>E</sub> under 300, 500, and 1000 PPFD, whereas C. conicum q<sub>Z</sub> + q<sub>T</sub> exhibited higher photo-protection under 500, 1000, and 1500 PPFD conditions. These ChlF indices can be used for predicting photosynthetic responses to light induction in different bryophytes and provide a theoretical basis for ecological monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":20130,"journal":{"name":"Photosynthesis Research","volume":" ","pages":"191-202"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10037051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}