Photosynthesis Research最新文献

{"title":"Relationship between non-photochemical quenching efficiency and the energy transfer rate from phycobilisomes to photosystem II.","authors":"Igor N Stadnichuk, Pavel M Krasilnikov","doi":"10.1007/s11120-023-01031-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11120-023-01031-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The chromophorylated PBLcm domain of the ApcE linker protein in the cyanobacterial phycobilisome (PBS) serves as a bottleneck for Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) from the PBS to the antennal chlorophyll of photosystem II (PS II) and as a redirection point for energy distribution to the orange protein ketocarotenoid (OCP), which is excitonically coupled to the PBLcm chromophore in the process of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) under high light conditions. The involvement of PBLcm in the quenching process was first directly demonstrated by measuring steady-state fluorescence spectra of cyanobacterial cells at different stages of NPQ development. The time required to transfer energy from the PBLcm to the OCP is several times shorter than the time it takes to transfer energy from the PBLcm to the PS II, ensuring quenching efficiency. The data obtained provide an explanation for the different rates of PBS quenching in vivo and in vitro according to the half ratio of OCP/PBS in the cyanobacterial cell, which is tens of times lower than that realized for an effective NPQ process in solution.</p>","PeriodicalId":20130,"journal":{"name":"Photosynthesis Research","volume":" ","pages":"177-189"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9635001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photogeneration and quenching of singlet molecular oxygen by bacterial C₄₀ carotenoids with long chain of conjugated double bonds.","authors":"A S Benditkis, A A Ashikhmin, A A Moskalenko, A A Krasnovsky","doi":"10.1007/s11120-023-01070-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11120-023-01070-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Measurement of photosensitized luminescence of singlet oxygen has been applied to studies of singlet oxygen generation and quenching by C₄₀ carotenoids (neurosporene, lycopene, rhodopin, and spirilloxanthin) with long chain of conjugated double bonds (CDB) using hexafluorobenzene as a solvent. It has been found that neurosporene, lycopene, and rhodopin are capable of the low efficient singlet oxygen generation in aerated solutions upon photoexcitation in the spectral region of their main absorption maxima. The quantum yield of this process was estimated to be (1.5-3.0) × 10^-2. This value is near the singlet oxygen yields in solutions of ζ-carotene (7 CDB) and phytoene (3 CDB) and many-fold smaller than in solutions of phytofluene (5 CDB) (Ashikhmin et al. Biochemistry (Mosc) 85:773-780, https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006297920070056 , 2020, Biochemistry (Mosc) 87:1169-1178, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1134/S00062979221001082022 ). Photogeneration of singlet oxygen was not observed in spirilloxanthin solutions. A correlation was found between the singlet oxygen yields and the quantum yields and lifetimes of the fluorescence of the carotenoid molecules. All carotenoids were shown to be strong physical quenchers of singlet oxygen. The rate constants of ¹O₂ quenching by the carotenoids with long chain of CDB (9-13) were close to the rate constant of the diffusion-limited reactions ≈10¹⁰ M^-1 s^-1, being many-fold greater than the rate constants of ¹O₂ quenching by the carotenoids with the short chain of CDB (3-7) phytoene, phytofluene, and ζ-carotene studied in prior papers of our group (Ashikhmin et al. 2020, 2022). To our knowledge, the quenching rate constants of rhodopin and spirilloxanthin have been obtained in this paper for the first time. The mechanisms of ¹O₂ photogeneration by carotenoids in solution and in the LH2 complexes of photosynthetic cells, as well as the efficiencies of their protective action are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":20130,"journal":{"name":"Photosynthesis Research","volume":" ","pages":"291-301"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139692678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and characterization of the low molecular mass ferredoxins involved in central metabolism in Heliomicrobium modesticaldum","authors":"Karim A. Walters, Kevin E. Redding, John H. Golbeck","doi":"10.1007/s11120-023-01069-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-023-01069-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The homodimeric Type I reaction center (RC) from <i>Heliomicrobium modesticaldum</i> lacks the PsaC subunit found in Photosystem I and instead uses the interpolypeptide [4Fe–4S] cluster F_X as the terminal electron acceptor. Our goal was to identify which of the small mobile dicluster ferredoxins encoded by the <i>H. modesticaldum</i> genome are capable of accepting electrons from the heliobacterial RC (HbRC) and pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR), a key metabolic enzyme. Analysis of the genome revealed seven candidates: HM1_1462 (PshB1), HM1_1461 (PshB2), HM1_2505 (Fdx3), HM1_0869 (FdxB), HM1_1043, HM1_0357, and HM1_2767. Heterologous expression in <i>Escherichia coli</i> and studies using time-resolved optical spectroscopy revealed that only PshB1, PshB2, and Fdx3 are capable of accepting electrons from the HbRC and PFOR. Modeling studies using AlphaFold show that only PshB1, PshB2, and Fdx3 should be capable of docking on PFOR at a positively charged patch that overlays a surface-proximal [4Fe–4S] cluster. Proteomic analysis of wild-type and gene deletion strains <i>ΔpshB1</i>, <i>ΔpshB2</i>, <i>ΔpshB1pshB2,</i> and Δ<i>fdx3</i> grown under nitrogen-replete conditions revealed that Fdx3 is undetectable in the wild-type, <i>ΔpshB1, and</i> Δ<i>fdx3</i> strains, but it is present in the <i>ΔpshB2</i> and <i>ΔpshB1pshB2</i> strains, implying that Fdx3 may substitute for PshB2. When grown under nitrogen-deplete conditions, Fdx3 is present in the wild-type and all deletion strains except for Δ<i>fdx3.</i> None of the knockout strains demonstrated significant impairment during chemotrophic dark growth on pyruvate, photoheterotrophic light growth on pyruvate, or phototrophic growth on acetate+CO₂, indicating a high degree of redundancy among these three electron transfer proteins. Loss of both PshB1 and PshB2, but not FdxB, resulted in poor growth under N₂-fixing conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20130,"journal":{"name":"Photosynthesis Research","volume":"294 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139662191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reinvestigation on primary processes of PSII-dimer from Thermosynechococcus vulcanus by femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy.","authors":"Daisuke Kosumi, Miki Bandou-Uotani, Shunya Kato, Keisuke Kawakami, Koji Yonekura, Nobuo Kamiya","doi":"10.1007/s11120-024-01076-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11120-024-01076-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cyanobacterial photosynthetic apparatus efficiently capture sunlight, and the energy is subsequently transferred to photosystem I (PSI) and II (PSII), to produce electrochemical potentials. PSII is a unique membrane protein complex that photo-catalyzes oxidation of water and majorly contains photosynthetic pigments of chlorophyll a and carotenoids. In the present study, the ultrafast energy transfer and charge separation dynamics of PSII from a thermophilic cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus vulcanus were reinvestigated by femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopic measurements under low temperature and weak intensity excitation condition. The results imply the two possible models of the energy transfers and subsequent charge separation in PSII. One is the previously suggested \"transfer-to-trapped limit\" model. Another model suggests that the energy transfers from core CP43 and CP47 antennas to the primary electron donor Chl_D1 with time-constants of 0.71 ps and 3.28 ps at 140 K (0.17 and 1.33 ps at 296 K), respectively and that the pheophytin anion (Pheo_D1^-) is generated with the time-constant of 43.0 ps at 140 K (14.8 ps at 296 K) upon excitation into the Q_y band of chlorophyll a at 670 nm. The secondary electron transfer to quinone Q_A: Pheo_D1^-Q_A → Pheo_D1Q_A^- is observed with the time-constant of 650 ps only at 296 K. On the other hand, an inefficient β-carotene → chlorophyll a energy transfer (33%) occurred after excitation to the S₂ state of β-carotene at 500 nm. Instead, the carotenoid triplet state appeared in an ultrafast timescale after excitation at 500 nm.</p>","PeriodicalId":20130,"journal":{"name":"Photosynthesis Research","volume":" ","pages":"79-91"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139741713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological and biochemical study of the drought tolerance of 14 main olive cultivars in the Mediterranean basin.","authors":"Elena Illana Rico, Genoveva Carmen Martos de la Fuente, Ainhoa Ortega Morillas, Ana Maria Fernández Ocaña","doi":"10.1007/s11120-023-01052-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11120-023-01052-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A complete study of 14 olive cultivars of great economic importance was carried out. These cultivars are Arbequina, Arbosana, Chemlali, Cornicabra, Cornezuelo de Jaén, Empeltre, Frantoio, Hojiblanca, Koroneiki, Manzanilla de Sevilla, Martina, Picual, Sikitita1 and Sikitita 2. All of them are certified by the World Olive Germplasm Bank of Córdoba (Spain). They are predominant cultivars in the olive groves of different locations throughout the Mediterranean basin, and they were subjected to total water deficit for a minimum of 14 days and a maximum of 42 days in the present study. Data such as chlorophyll content, soil moisture and specific leaf area were gathered. Photosynthetic parameters measured at the respective saturation irradiance of each cultivar were also analysed: assimilation rate, transpiration, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic efficiency, photochemical and non-photochemical quenching, photonic flux density, electron transference ratio, efficient use of water and amount of proline and malondialdehyde as indicators of oxidative stress. In addition to the control, two different experimental conditions were analysed: moderate drought, after 14 days of lack of irrigation, and severe drought, after 28-42 days of total absence of irrigation, depending on the tolerance of each cultivar. Based on the results, the cultivars were characterised and divided into four groups according to their drought tolerance: tolerant, moderately tolerant, moderately sensitive and sensitive to drought. This work represents the first contribution of drought tolerance of a considerable number of olive cultivars, with all of them being subjected to the same criteria and experimental conditions for their classification.</p>","PeriodicalId":20130,"journal":{"name":"Photosynthesis Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71485033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extra O₂ evolution reveals an O₂-independent alternative electron sink in photosynthesis of marine diatoms.","authors":"Ginga Shimakawa, Yusuke Matsuda","doi":"10.1007/s11120-023-01073-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11120-023-01073-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Following the principle of oxygenic photosynthesis, electron transport in the thylakoid membranes (i.e., light reaction) generates ATP and NADPH from light energy, which is subsequently utilized for CO₂ fixation in the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle (i.e., dark reaction). However, light and dark reactions could discord when an alternative electron flow occurs with a rate comparable to the linear electron flow. Here, we quantitatively monitored O₂ and total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) during photosynthesis in the pennate diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, and found that evolved O₂ was larger than the consumption of DIC, which was consistent with ¹⁴CO₂ measurements in literature. In our measurements, the stoichiometry of O₂ evolution to DIC consumption was always around 1.5 during photosynthesis at different DIC concentrations. The same stoichiometry was observed in the cells grown under different CO₂ concentrations and nitrogen sources except for the nitrogen-starved cells showing O₂ evolution 2.5 times larger than DIC consumption. An inhibitor to nitrogen assimilation did not affect the extra O₂ evolution. Further, the same physiological phenomenon was observed in the centric diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana. Based on the present dataset, we propose that the marine diatoms possess the metabolic pathway(s) functioning as the O₂-independent electron sink under steady state photosynthesis that reaches nearly half of electron flux of the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle.</p>","PeriodicalId":20130,"journal":{"name":"Photosynthesis Research","volume":" ","pages":"61-68"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139692677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jasmonic acid improves barley photosynthetic efficiency through a possible regulatory module, MYC2-RcaA, under combined drought and salinity stress.","authors":"Massume Aliakbari, Sirous Tahmasebi, Javad Nouripour Sisakht","doi":"10.1007/s11120-023-01074-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11120-023-01074-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The combined stress of drought and salinity is prevalent in various regions of the world, affects several physiological and biochemical processes in crops, and causes their yield to decrease. Photosynthesis is one of the main processes that are disturbed by combined stress. Therefore, improving the photosynthetic efficiency of crops is one of the most promising strategies to overcome environmental stresses, making studying the molecular basis of regulation of photosynthesis a necessity. In this study, we sought a potential mechanism that regulated a major component of the combined stress response in the important crop barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), namely the Rubisco activase A (RcaA) gene. Promoter analysis of the RcaA gene led to identifying Jasmonic acid (JA)-responsive elements with a high occurrence. Specifically, a Myelocytomatosis oncogenes 2 (MYC2) transcription factor binding site was highlighted as a plausible functional promoter motif. We conducted a controlled greenhouse experiment with an abiotic stress-susceptible barley genotype and evaluated expression profiling of the RcaA and MYC2 genes, photosynthetic parameters, plant water status, and cell membrane damages under JA, combined drought and salinity stress (CS) and JA + CS treatments. Our results showed that applying JA enhances barley's photosynthetic efficiency and water relations and considerably compensates for the adverse effects of combined stress. Significant association was observed among gene expression profiles and evaluated physiochemical characteristics. The results showed a plausible regulatory route through the JA-dependent MYC2-RcaA module involved in photosynthesis regulation and combined stress tolerance. These findings provide valuable knowledge for further functional studies of the regulation of photosynthesis under abiotic stresses toward the development of multiple-stress-tolerant crops.</p>","PeriodicalId":20130,"journal":{"name":"Photosynthesis Research","volume":" ","pages":"69-78"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139703167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eco-physiological trait variation in widely occurring species of Western Himalaya along elevational gradients reveals their high adaptive potential in stressful conditions.","authors":"Nandita Mehta, Amit Chawla","doi":"10.1007/s11120-023-01071-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11120-023-01071-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Species distributed across a wide elevation range have broad environmental tolerance and adopt specific adaptation strategies to cope with varying climatic conditions. The aim of this study is to understand the patterns of variation in leaf eco-physiological traits that are related to the adaptation of species with a wide distribution in different climatic conditions. We studied the variability in eco-physiological traits of two co-occurring species of Western Himalaya (Rumex nepalensis and Taraxacum officinale), along elevational gradients. We conducted our study in elevations ranging from 1000 to 4000 m a.s.l. in three transects separated in an eco-region spanning 2.5° latitudes and 2.3° longitudes in the Western Himalaya. We hypothesized substantial variation in eco-physiological traits, especially increased net rate of photosynthesis (P_N), Rubisco specific activity (RSA), and biochemicals at higher elevations, enabling species to adapt to varying environmental conditions. Therefore, the photosynthetic measurements along with leaf sampling were carried out during the months of June-August and the variations in photosynthetic performance and other leaf traits were assessed. Data was analyzed using a linear mixed effect model with 'species,' 'elevation' as fixed and 'transect' as random factor. Elevation had a significant effect on majority of traits. It was found that P_N and maximum carboxylation rate of Rubisco (V_cmax) have unimodal or declining trend along increasing elevations. High RSA was observed at higher elevations in all the three transects. Trends for biochemical traits such as total soluble sugars, total soluble proteins, proline, and total phenolics content suggested an increase in these traits for the survival of plants in harsh environments of higher elevations. Our study reveals that although there is considerable variation in the eco-physiological traits of the two species across elevational gradients of different transects, there are certain similarities in the patterns that depict their high adaptive potential in varying climatic conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20130,"journal":{"name":"Photosynthesis Research","volume":" ","pages":"29-59"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139546810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide association study of leaf photosynthesis using a high-throughput gas exchange system in rice","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s11120-023-01065-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-023-01065-3","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>Enhancing leaf photosynthetic capacity is essential for improving the yield of rice (<em>Oryza sativa</em> L.). Although the exploitation of natural genetic resources is considered a promising approach to enhance photosynthetic capacity, genomic factors related to the genetic diversity of leaf photosynthetic capacity have yet to be fully elucidated due to the limitation of measurement efficiency. In this study, we aimed to identify novel genomic regions for the net CO₂ assimilation rate (<em>A</em>) by combining genome-wide association study (GWAS) and the newly developed rapid closed gas exchange system MIC-100. Using three MIC-100 systems in the field at the vegetative stage, we measured <em>A</em> of 168 temperate <em>japonica</em> rice varieties with six replicates for three years. We found that the modern varieties exhibited higher <em>A</em> than the landraces, while there was no significant relationship between the release year and <em>A</em> among the modern varieties. Our GWAS scan revealed two major peaks located on chromosomes 4 and 8, which were repeatedly detected in the different experiments and in the generalized linear modelling approach. We suggest that high-throughput gas exchange measurements combined with GWAS is a reliable approach for understanding the genetic mechanisms underlying photosynthetic diversities in crop species.</p>","PeriodicalId":20130,"journal":{"name":"Photosynthesis Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138742529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controlled electron transfer by molecular wires embedded in ultrathin insulating membranes for driving redox catalysis","authors":"Heinz Frei","doi":"10.1007/s11120-023-01061-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-023-01061-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Organic bilayers or amorphous silica films of a few nanometer thickness featuring embedded molecular wires offer opportunities for chemically separating while at the same time electronically connecting photo- or electrocatalytic components. Such ultrathin membranes enable the integration of components for which direct coupling is not sufficiently efficient or stable. Photoelectrocatalytic systems for the generation or utilization of renewable energy are among the most prominent ones for which ultrathin separation layers open up new approaches for component integration for improving efficiency. Recent advances in the assembly and spectroscopic, microscopic, and photoelectrochemical characterization have enabled the systematic optimization of the structure, energetics, and density of embedded molecular wires for maximum charge transfer efficiency. The progress enables interfacial designs for the nanoscale integration of the incompatible oxidation and reduction catalysis environments of artificial photosystems and of microbial (or biomolecular)-abiotic systems for renewable energy.</p>","PeriodicalId":20130,"journal":{"name":"Photosynthesis Research","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138717137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}