Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
Role of interleukin-36γ induced by ultraviolet radiation in chronic actinic dermatitis. 紫外线诱导的白细胞介素-36γ在慢性光化性皮炎中的作用。
IF 2.6 4区 医学
Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-06 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12903
Li Wang, Yunhua Tu, Wenjuan Wu, Ying Tu, Zhenghui Yang, Yanjie Chai, Xinwang Yang, Li He
{"title":"Role of interleukin-36γ induced by ultraviolet radiation in chronic actinic dermatitis.","authors":"Li Wang, Yunhua Tu, Wenjuan Wu, Ying Tu, Zhenghui Yang, Yanjie Chai, Xinwang Yang, Li He","doi":"10.1111/phpp.12903","DOIUrl":"10.1111/phpp.12903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic actinic dermatitis (CAD) is an immune-mediated photodermatosis characterized by a high eosinophil count and total immunoglobulin E (IgE) in the peripheral blood of patients. At present, however, the reasons for their elevation remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The current study aimed to detect changes in inflammatory cytokines in CAD and explore their role in this disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Luminex assay were conducted to measure inflammatory factor levels. Immunohistochemical analysis and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were performed to evaluate the expression levels of interleukin-36γ (IL-36γ), IL-8, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 17 (CCL17), and CCL18. CCK8 kits were used to assess cell proliferation. Immunofluorescence was used to detect nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) p65 nuclear translocation. Western blot analysis was performed to detect the protein expression level of phosphorylated NF-κB (p-NF-κB) p65. Hematoxylin and eosin and Masson trichrome staining were applied to observe histological changes in a chronic photo-damaged mouse model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eosinophils, total IgE, IL-36γ, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor α, CCL17, and CCL18 were elevated in CAD. Of note, IL-36γ promoted the proliferation of eosinophilic cells (EOL-1) and the production of IgE in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. IL-36γ also promoted the production of IL-8 and CCL18 in immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells), while ultraviolet radiation (UVR)-induced IL-36γ via activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>IL-36γ was involved in the pathogenesis of CAD and UVR contributed to the production of IL-36γ, which may provide a novel therapeutic target for CAD.</p>","PeriodicalId":20123,"journal":{"name":"Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine","volume":" ","pages":"598-606"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10302834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Progressive nonsegmental vitiligo successfully treated with oral tofacitinib and narrow-band UVB: A case report of 2-year follow-up. 口服托法替尼联合窄带UVB治疗进展性非节段性白癜风2年随访1例。
IF 2.6 4区 医学
Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-06 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12900
Zhongyi Xu, Xiaoxue Xing, Yijie Xuan, Leihong Flora Xiang, Chengfeng Zhang
{"title":"Progressive nonsegmental vitiligo successfully treated with oral tofacitinib and narrow-band UVB: A case report of 2-year follow-up.","authors":"Zhongyi Xu, Xiaoxue Xing, Yijie Xuan, Leihong Flora Xiang, Chengfeng Zhang","doi":"10.1111/phpp.12900","DOIUrl":"10.1111/phpp.12900","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20123,"journal":{"name":"Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine","volume":" ","pages":"663-666"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9758884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Chronic actinic dermatitis and fragrance sensitization: Case report with good response to dupilumab. 慢性光化性皮炎和芳香致敏:dupilumab反应良好的病例报告。
IF 2.6 4区 医学
Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-23 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12902
Laura Taboada Paz, Verónica Sánchez García, Ángela María García Miñarro, Juan Manuel Ramos Rincón, Pedro Gil Pallares, Elena Vicente Basanta, Juan Francisco Silvestre Salvador
{"title":"Chronic actinic dermatitis and fragrance sensitization: Case report with good response to dupilumab.","authors":"Laura Taboada Paz, Verónica Sánchez García, Ángela María García Miñarro, Juan Manuel Ramos Rincón, Pedro Gil Pallares, Elena Vicente Basanta, Juan Francisco Silvestre Salvador","doi":"10.1111/phpp.12902","DOIUrl":"10.1111/phpp.12902","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20123,"journal":{"name":"Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine","volume":" ","pages":"670-672"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9858787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Proteomics analysis to investigate the potential mechanism of theacrine against UV-induced skin photodamage. 蛋白质组学分析探讨抗紫外线皮肤光损伤的潜在机制。
IF 2.6 4区 医学
Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-29 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12908
Yong He, Xinkai Zheng, Yunfeng Hu, Liehua Deng, Jin Xu, Shi Wu
{"title":"Proteomics analysis to investigate the potential mechanism of theacrine against UV-induced skin photodamage.","authors":"Yong He, Xinkai Zheng, Yunfeng Hu, Liehua Deng, Jin Xu, Shi Wu","doi":"10.1111/phpp.12908","DOIUrl":"10.1111/phpp.12908","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to explore the underlying mechanism of theacrine treatment of UV-induced skin photodamage.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) relative quantitative proteomics analysis was used to characterize the proteins and pathways associated with the ability of theacrine to combat photodamage in mouse skin by modeling UV irradiation of the backs of ICR mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Apoptosis-related proteins and signaling pathways play a key role in the ability of theacrine to protect against skin photodamage, according to proteomic and bioinformatics analysis; molecular docking and Western blotting further revealed that theacrine was associated with apoptosis-related proteins (p53, Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3, and cleaved-caspase-3) with strong binding affinity, which can significantly reduce skin cell apoptosis induced by UV exposure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings revealed that theacrine can reduce UVB-induced epidermal damage by controlling the apoptosis signaling pathway, implying that theacrine could be a useful anti-UVB damage agent.</p>","PeriodicalId":20123,"journal":{"name":"Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine","volume":" ","pages":"620-632"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10114176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Photopatch testing in Singapore: A 10-year retrospective study. 新加坡的Photopatch测试:一项为期10年的回顾性研究。
IF 2.6 4区 医学
Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12912
Shi Yu Derek Lim, Anthony Teik-Jin Goon, Yung Hian Leow, Tricia Yi Rui Chong, Eugene Sern-Ting Tan, Wei Na Suzanne Cheng
{"title":"Photopatch testing in Singapore: A 10-year retrospective study.","authors":"Shi Yu Derek Lim, Anthony Teik-Jin Goon, Yung Hian Leow, Tricia Yi Rui Chong, Eugene Sern-Ting Tan, Wei Na Suzanne Cheng","doi":"10.1111/phpp.12912","DOIUrl":"10.1111/phpp.12912","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Photopatch testing represents the gold standard for the diagnosis of photoallergic contact dermatitis (PACD). We aimed to identify common photoallergens in our tertiary dermatological referral centre from 2012 to 2021, to compare this to the preceding period studied, and data from other communities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective review of all 90 patients who underwent photopatch testing at the National Skin Centre, Singapore, between 2012 and 2021.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 90 patients, 19 (21.1%) were male, and the mean age was 41.6 years. Eighty-four (93.3%) underwent testing to our standard sunscreen series, 10 (11.1%) to our extended series, and 73 (81.1%) to their own items. Seventeen (18.9%) were diagnosed with PACD (i.e., photocontact allergy with present or past relevance), 12 (13.3%) with ACD, and 4 (4.4%) with photoaugmented ACD. Relevant reactions were commonest to oxybenzone (8, 9.5%) and mexenone (3, 3.6%). Eleven (15.1%) had PACD to their own items, with 3 of 4 (75%) tested to ketoprofen diagnosed with PACD and the remaining 1 (25%) with photoaugmented ACD. Age, race, sex, atopy, and site of involvement were not associated with photocontact allergy. Compared to the preceding time period, the overall frequency of photocontact allergy and PACD decreased, but rates of photoallergic reactions to individual photoallergens were not significantly different.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Organic ultraviolet absorbers such as oxybenzone and mexenone remained the most relevant photoallergens. Personal item testing was valuable, and testing to ketoprofen should be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":20123,"journal":{"name":"Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine","volume":" ","pages":"642-647"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41140345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A novel treatment for Riehl's melanosis targeting both dermal melanin and vessels. 一种针对皮肤黑色素和血管的里尔黑素病的新治疗方法。
IF 2.6 4区 医学
Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12907
Yul Hee Kim, Young Joon Park, Du Jin Baek, Ji Eun Kwon, Hee Young Kang
{"title":"A novel treatment for Riehl's melanosis targeting both dermal melanin and vessels.","authors":"Yul Hee Kim, Young Joon Park, Du Jin Baek, Ji Eun Kwon, Hee Young Kang","doi":"10.1111/phpp.12907","DOIUrl":"10.1111/phpp.12907","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/purpose: </strong>Riehl's melanosis is a difficult-to-treat condition characterized by persisting dermal hyperpigmentation. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a histology-specific targeted therapy for Riehl's melanosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Skin biopsy samples of Riehl's melanosis were assessed to identify histology-specific targets for treatment. Subsequently, the efficacy of a combination involving a fractional picosecond laser and a pulsed dye laser (PDL) targeting the dermal melanin and vessels, respectively, was evaluated. Clinical improvement was assessed using the dermal pigmentation area and severity index (DPASI). The treatment outcomes were compared to those of a control, in this case a single laser treatment solely targeting pigmentation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Histological and immunohistochemical analyses identified dermal melanin pigment and dilated vessels as treatment targets for Riehl's melanosis. The combined treatment of the fractional picosecond laser and PDL showed a significant reduction of the DPASI scores, which was significantly better than the control group. Patients who underwent the combined laser treatment indicated high levels of satisfaction with no adverse events except of transient erythema and oedema.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combined treatment of a fractional picosecond laser and a PDL was more effective for Riehl's melanosis compared to single laser treatment. The treatment targets both dermal pigmentation and dilated vessels, offering promising results for those working to manage Riehl's melanosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20123,"journal":{"name":"Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine","volume":" ","pages":"613-619"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10049800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Efficacy and safety of offline extracorporeal photopheresis in cutaneous T-cell lymphomas: A retrospective study. 体外脱机光疗治疗皮肤t细胞淋巴瘤的疗效和安全性:一项回顾性研究。
IF 2.6 4区 医学
Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-19 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12901
Carlos Moreno-Vílchez, Cristina Muniesa, Eva González-Barca, Nadia García-Muñoz, Sandra Ortega-Sánchez, Octavio Servitje
{"title":"Efficacy and safety of offline extracorporeal photopheresis in cutaneous T-cell lymphomas: A retrospective study.","authors":"Carlos Moreno-Vílchez, Cristina Muniesa, Eva González-Barca, Nadia García-Muñoz, Sandra Ortega-Sánchez, Octavio Servitje","doi":"10.1111/phpp.12901","DOIUrl":"10.1111/phpp.12901","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20123,"journal":{"name":"Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine","volume":" ","pages":"667-669"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9834750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A decrease of mitochondrial ubiquitin ligase increases the secretion of matrix metalloproteinase-1 by dermal fibroblasts through the induction of ER stress. 线粒体泛素连接酶的降低通过内质网应激诱导真皮成纤维细胞分泌基质金属蛋白酶-1。
IF 2.6 4区 医学
Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-19 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12897
Yushi Katsuyama, Yuri Okano, Hitoshi Masaki
{"title":"A decrease of mitochondrial ubiquitin ligase increases the secretion of matrix metalloproteinase-1 by dermal fibroblasts through the induction of ER stress.","authors":"Yushi Katsuyama, Yuri Okano, Hitoshi Masaki","doi":"10.1111/phpp.12897","DOIUrl":"10.1111/phpp.12897","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We previously reported that the level of mitochondrial ubiquitin ligase (MITOL) protein in fibroblasts was decreased by UVA and that the knock-down (KD) of MITOL increased the secretion of matrix metalloprotease-1 (MMP-1) by fibroblasts. A recent study reported that MITOL suppresses endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by stabilizing the interaction between ER and mitochondria (MT) through the ubiquitination of mitofusin 2. These facts suggest that a decrease of MITOL would increase the secretion of MMP-1 through ER stress, but the detailed mechanism of that process in dermal fibroblasts remains unclear. Thus, this study was conducted to clarify the involvement of ER stress in the oversecretion of MMP-1 induced by the decreased MT quality caused by MITOL-KD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MITOL-KD normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDFs) were prepared by treating them with MITOL-small interfering RNA, after which their MMP-1 protein levels were measured. ER stress in NHDFs was evaluated by measuring the mRNA levels of spliced X-box binding protein 1 (sXBP1) and the protein levels of inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MITOL-KD NHDFs enhanced the secretion of MMP-1 via interleukin-6 (IL-6) elicited by the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). The secretion of MMP-1 could be abrogated by a neutralizing IL-6 antibody and by JSH23, which is an inhibitor of NF-κB activation. Furthermore, MITOL-KD NHDFs as well as UVA-irradiated NHDFs showed increased ER stress levels. In addition, tunicamycin, which is an inducer of ER stress, also increased MMP-1 secretion.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results suggested that the decrease of MITOL caused the oversecretion of MMP-1 via NF-κB-IL-6 signaling through the activation of ER stress in fibroblasts.</p>","PeriodicalId":20123,"journal":{"name":"Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine","volume":" ","pages":"582-588"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9664264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Generalized lichen sclerosus responding to UVA1 phototherapy and methotrexate treatment: A case report. UVA1光疗和甲氨蝶呤治疗引起的全身性硬化性苔藓:一例报告。
IF 2.6 4区 医学
Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-20 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12917
Yusuf Can Edek, Sheyda Gharadaeghi, Esra Adışen
{"title":"Generalized lichen sclerosus responding to UVA1 phototherapy and methotrexate treatment: A case report.","authors":"Yusuf Can Edek, Sheyda Gharadaeghi, Esra Adışen","doi":"10.1111/phpp.12917","DOIUrl":"10.1111/phpp.12917","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20123,"journal":{"name":"Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine","volume":" ","pages":"684-686"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49681071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The effects of infrared radiation on the human skin. 红外线辐射对人体皮肤的影响。
IF 2.6 4区 医学
Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-11 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12899
Luke Horton, Joshua Brady, Colin M Kincaid, Angeli Eloise Torres, Henry W Lim
{"title":"The effects of infrared radiation on the human skin.","authors":"Luke Horton, Joshua Brady, Colin M Kincaid, Angeli Eloise Torres, Henry W Lim","doi":"10.1111/phpp.12899","DOIUrl":"10.1111/phpp.12899","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Infrared radiation (IR) is the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum between visible light (VL) and microwaves, with wavelengths between 700 nm and 1 mm. Humans are mainly exposed to ultraviolet (UV) radiation (UVR) and IR through the sun. Unlike UVR which is well known for its carcinogenic properties, the relationship between IR and skin health has not been as extensively studied; as such, we gather the available published evidence here to better elucidate this relationship.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Several databases including Pubmed, Google Scholar, and Embase were searched for articles relating to infrared radiation and the skin. Articles were selected for their relevance and novelty.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Detrimental effects such as thermal burns, photocarcinogenesis, and photoaging have been reported, though evidence suggests that these may be due to the thermal effects produced secondary to IR exposure rather than the isolated effect of IR. There are currently no chemical or physical filters specifically available for protection against IR, and existing compounds are not known to have IR-filtering capacity. Interestingly, IR may have some photoprotective properties against the carcinogenic effects of UVR. Furthermore, IR has been used with encouraging results in skin rejuvenation, wound healing, and hair restoration when given at an appropriate therapeutic dose.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A better understanding of the current landscape of research surrounding IR can help illuminate its effects on the skin and highlight areas for further research. Here, we review relevant data on IR to assess its deleterious and beneficial effects on human skin, along with possible means for IR photoprotection.</p>","PeriodicalId":20123,"journal":{"name":"Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine","volume":" ","pages":"549-555"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9764396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信