Phytotherapy Research最新文献_第10页

Geniposidic Acid Attenuates Chronic Tubulointerstitial Nephropathy Through Regulation of the NF‐ƙB/Nrf2 Pathway Via Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Signaling 京尼平苷酸通过芳基烃受体信号调节 NF-ƙB/Nrf2 通路减轻慢性肾小管间质性肾病的病情

IF 7.2 2区医学

Phytotherapy Research Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8324

Yan‐Ni Wang, Xiao‐Jun Li, Wen‐Feng Wang, Liang Zou, Hua Miao, Ying‐Yong Zhao

{"title":"Geniposidic Acid Attenuates Chronic Tubulointerstitial Nephropathy Through Regulation of the NF‐ƙB/Nrf2 Pathway Via Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Signaling","authors":"Yan‐Ni Wang, Xiao‐Jun Li, Wen‐Feng Wang, Liang Zou, Hua Miao, Ying‐Yong Zhao","doi":"10.1002/ptr.8324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.8324","url":null,"abstract":"Renal fibrosis is an outcome of chronic kidney disease, independent of the underlying etiology. Renal fibrosis is caused primarily by oxidative stress and inflammation. We identified the components of Plantaginis semen and elucidated their anti‐fibrotic and anti‐inflammatory mechanisms. The renoprotective components and underlying molecular mechanisms of P. semen were investigated in rats with adenine‐induced chronic tubulointerstitial nephropathy (TIN) and in idole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA)–stimulated NRK‐52E cells. Acetate and n‐butanol extracts were found to be the bioactive fractions of P. semen. A total of 65 compounds including geniposidic acid (GPA), apigenin (APG), and acteoside (ATS) were isolated and identified. Among the seven main extract components, treatment with GPA, APG, and ATS reduced the serum levels of creatinine and urea in TIN rats. Mechanistically, GPA ameliorated renal fibrosis through repressing aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) signaling and regulating redox signaling including inhibiting proinflammatory nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐ƙB) and its target gene products as well as activated antioxidative nuclear factor‐erythroid‐2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its downstream target gene products in both TIN rats and IAA‐stimulated NRK‐52E cells. The inhibitory effect of GPA on AHR, NF‐Ƙb, and Nrf2 signaling were partially abolished in IAA‐stimulated NRK‐52E cells treated with CH223191 compared with untreated IAA‐stimulated NRK‐52E cells. These data demonstrated that GPA alleviates oxidative stress and inflammation partly by suppressing AHR signaling.","PeriodicalId":20110,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapy Research","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142255115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ruscogenin Exerts Anxiolytic‐Like Effect via Microglial NF‐κB/MAPKs/NLRP3 Signaling Pathways in Mouse Model of Chronic Inflammatory Pain Ruscogenin 通过小胶质细胞 NF-κB/MAPKs/NLRP3 信号通路在慢性炎症性疼痛小鼠模型中发挥类似抗焦虑的作用

IF 7.2 2区医学

Phytotherapy Research Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8325

Jing‐yu Qi, Yu‐chen Jin, Xin‐shang Wang, Liu‐kun Yang, Liang Lu, Jiao Yue, Fan Yang, Yong‐sheng Liu, Yong‐li Jiang, Da‐ke Song, Tao Lv, Xu‐bo Li, Kun Zhang, Shui‐bing Liu

{"title":"Ruscogenin Exerts Anxiolytic‐Like Effect via Microglial NF‐κB/MAPKs/NLRP3 Signaling Pathways in Mouse Model of Chronic Inflammatory Pain","authors":"Jing‐yu Qi, Yu‐chen Jin, Xin‐shang Wang, Liu‐kun Yang, Liang Lu, Jiao Yue, Fan Yang, Yong‐sheng Liu, Yong‐li Jiang, Da‐ke Song, Tao Lv, Xu‐bo Li, Kun Zhang, Shui‐bing Liu","doi":"10.1002/ptr.8325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.8325","url":null,"abstract":"Long‐term inflammation can cause chronic pain and trigger patients' anxiety by sensitizing the central nervous system. However, effective drugs with few side effects for treating chronic pain‐induced anxiety are still lacking. The anxiolytic and anti‐inflammatory effects of ruscogenin (RUS), an important active compound in Ophiopogon japonicus, were evaluated in a mouse model of chronic inflammatory pain and N9 cells. RUS (5, 10, or 20 mg/kg/day, i.g.) was administered once daily for 7 days after CFA injection; pain‐ and anxiety‐like behaviors were assessed in mice. Anti‐inflammatory effect of RUS (0.1, 1, 10 μM) on N9 microglia after LPS treatment was evaluated. Inflammatory markers (TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐6, CD86, IL‐4, ARG‐1, and CD206) were measured using qPCR. The levels of IBA1, ROS, NF‐κB, TLR4, P‐IKK, P‐IκBα, and P65, MAPKs (ERK, JNK, and P38), NLRP3 (caspase‐1, ASC, and NLRP3) were detected by Western blotting or immunofluorescence staining. The potential target of RUS was validated by molecular docking and adeno‐associated virus injection. Mice in CFA group exhibited allodynia and anxiety‐like behaviors. LPS induced neuroinflammation in N9 cells. Both CFA and LPS increased the levels of IBA1, ROS, and inflammatory markers. RUS (10 mg/kg in vivo and 1 μM in vitro) alleviated these alterations through NF‐κB/MAPKs/NLRP3 signaling pathways but had no effect on pain hypersensitivity. TLR4 strongly interacted with RUS, and TLR4 overexpression abolished the effects of RUS on anxiety and neuroinflammation. RUS exerts anti‐inflammatory and anxiolytic effects via TLR4‐mediated NF‐κB/MAPKs/NLRP3 signaling pathways, which provides a basis for the treatment of chronic pain‐induced anxiety.","PeriodicalId":20110,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapy Research","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142255117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

5,7,3′,4′,5′‐Pentamethoxyflavone, a Flavonoid Monomer Extracted From Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack, Alleviates Anxiety Through the A2AR/Gephyrin/GABRA2 Pathway 5,7,3′,4′,5′-五甲氧基黄酮--一种从 Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack 提取的黄酮类单体--通过 A2AR/Gephyrin/GABRA2 途径缓解焦虑症

IF 7.2 2区医学

Phytotherapy Research Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8327

Wenli Ma, Dayun Sui, Weilun Sun, Ping Yu, Yuangeng Li, Meiqi Guo, Huifeng Wang, Xiaoze Zhang, Xiaofeng Yu, Wenwen Fu, Huali Xu

{"title":"5,7,3′,4′,5′‐Pentamethoxyflavone, a Flavonoid Monomer Extracted From Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack, Alleviates Anxiety Through the A2AR/Gephyrin/GABRA2 Pathway","authors":"Wenli Ma, Dayun Sui, Weilun Sun, Ping Yu, Yuangeng Li, Meiqi Guo, Huifeng Wang, Xiaoze Zhang, Xiaofeng Yu, Wenwen Fu, Huali Xu","doi":"10.1002/ptr.8327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.8327","url":null,"abstract":"The sedative and hypnotic properties of 5,7,3′,4′,5′‐pentamethoxyflavone (PMF), a monomer extracted from the leaves of Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack, have been reported. However, the role of PMFs in the development of anxiety remains uncertain. An anxiety model was developed using chronic unpredictable mild stimulation (CUMS). Kunming mice were randomly allocated to the following groups: control, CUMS, PMF (50 mg/kg), PMF (100 mg/kg), and diazepam (3 mg/kg). The anxiolytic effects of PMFs were evaluated using elevated plus maze (EPM) test and open field test (OFT). Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were used to analyze the serum levels of corticosterone (CORT), 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT), gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA), and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the hippocampus. High‐throughput‐16S rRNA sequencing was performed to investigate its effect on the composition of the gut microbiota. Subsequently, western blotting was performed to assess the expression of GABAergic synaptic‐associated proteins. PMF effectively mitigated CUMS‐induced anxiety‐like behavior. Further examination revealed that PMF treatment ameliorated dysfunction of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and increased 5‐HT and GABA levels in the hippocampus. Notably, the ability of PMF to maintain the stability of GABAergic synapses by enhancing the species composition of the gut microbiota and acting on the adenosine a2a receptor (A2AR)/gephyrin/gamma‐aminobutyric acid A receptor alpha 2 (GABRA2) pathway revealed a previously unrecognized mechanism for the anxiolytic effect of PMF. These findings suggest that PMF enhances the expression of A2AR, preserves GABAergic synaptic stability, and reduces anxiety by modulating the microbiota composition. Thus, it holds promise as an anxiolytic agent.","PeriodicalId":20110,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapy Research","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142198663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Limitations and Challenges of Antioxidant Therapy 抗氧化疗法的局限与挑战

IF 7.2 2区医学

Phytotherapy Research Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8335

Haitham Al‐Madhagi, Anwar Masoud

{"title":"Limitations and Challenges of Antioxidant Therapy","authors":"Haitham Al‐Madhagi, Anwar Masoud","doi":"10.1002/ptr.8335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.8335","url":null,"abstract":"Our bodies are constantly exposed to or producing free radicals nearly on a daily basis. These highly reactive molecules are generated through a variety of internal and external processes and pathways within the body. If these free radicals are not neutralized by antioxidants, they can lead to a state of oxidative stress, which has been linked to a wide range of severe and debilitating disorders affecting various systems in the human body. This involves neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, atherosclerosis, fatty liver, inflammation, and aging. Thankfully, the human body is armed with a repertoire of powerful antioxidants with different natures and modes of action. The recent decades witnessed the publication of enormous papers proving antioxidant activity of a novel synthesized compound, plant extract, or a purified drug in vitro, in vivo, and even on human beings. However, the efficacy of antioxidant therapies in clinical trials, including selenium, vitamin C, vitamin E, and vitamin A, has been notably inconsistent. This inconsistency can be primarily ascribed to different factors related to the nature of free radical generation, purpose and the specific type of therapy employed, and the intricate oxidative stress connected network, among others. Collectively, these factors will be explored in this review article to decipher the observed shortcomings in the application of antioxidant therapies within clinical settings.","PeriodicalId":20110,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapy Research","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142198638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Organosulfur Compounds, S-Allyl-L-Cysteine and S-Ethyl-L-Cysteine, Target PCSK-9/LDL-R-Axis to Ameliorate Cardiovascular, Hepatic, and Metabolic Changes in High Carbohydrate and High Fat Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Rats. 有机硫化合物 S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸和 S-乙基-L-半胱氨酸靶向 PCSK-9/LDL-R-Axis，改善高碳水化合物和高脂肪饮食诱发的大鼠代谢综合征的心血管、肝脏和代谢变化。

IF 6.1 2区医学

Phytotherapy Research Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8323

Parvej Ahmad, Arunim Shah, Mohd Waiz, Chandra P Chaturvedi, Sahir Sultan Alvi, M Salman Khan

{"title":"Organosulfur Compounds, S-Allyl-L-Cysteine and S-Ethyl-L-Cysteine, Target PCSK-9/LDL-R-Axis to Ameliorate Cardiovascular, Hepatic, and Metabolic Changes in High Carbohydrate and High Fat Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Rats.","authors":"Parvej Ahmad, Arunim Shah, Mohd Waiz, Chandra P Chaturvedi, Sahir Sultan Alvi, M Salman Khan","doi":"10.1002/ptr.8323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.8323","url":null,"abstract":"Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an ever-evolving set of diseases that poses a serious health risk in many countries worldwide. Existing evidence illustrates that individuals with MetS have a 30%-40% higher chance of acquiring type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular disease (CVD), or both. This study was undertaken to uncover the regulatory role of natural organosulfur compounds (OSCs), S-allyl-L-cysteine (SAC), and S-ethyl-L-cysteine (SEC), in targeting high carbohydrate high fat (HCHF)-diet-induced MetS-associated risk management. Our findings suggested that SAC and SEC ameliorated HCHF-diet-induced diabetic profiles, plasma lipid and lipoprotein level, liver function, oxidative-stress, inflammatory cytokines, and chemokines including monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), lipid peroxidation, plasma proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type-9 (PCSK-9), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). Moreover, the assessment of the hepatic mRNA expression of the key genes involved in cholesterol homeostasis depicted that SAC and SEC downregulated the PCSK-9 mRNA expression via targeting the expression of HNF-1α, a transcriptional activator of PCSK-9. On the other hand, the LDL-receptor (LDL-R) expression was upregulated through the activation of its transcriptional regulator sterol regulatory element binding protein-2 (SREBP-2). In addition, the activity and the mRNA expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme-A reductases (HMG-R) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) were also improved by the treatment of SAC and SEC. We concluded that SAC and SEC can protect against MetS via improving the lipid and lipoprotein content, glycemic indices, hepatic function, targeting the inflammatory cascades, and oxidative imbalance, regulation of the mRNA expression of PCSK-9, LDL-R, SREBP-2, HNF-1α, PPARs, and inflammatory biomarkers.","PeriodicalId":20110,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapy Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142120450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

miRNA, phytometabolites and disease: Connecting the dots. miRNA、植物代谢物与疾病：连接点。

IF 6.1 2区医学

Phytotherapy Research Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8287

Srutee Ramprosand, Joyce Govinden-Soulange, Vijayanti Mala Ranghoo-Sanmukhiya, Neeti Sanan-Mishra

{"title":"miRNA, phytometabolites and disease: Connecting the dots.","authors":"Srutee Ramprosand, Joyce Govinden-Soulange, Vijayanti Mala Ranghoo-Sanmukhiya, Neeti Sanan-Mishra","doi":"10.1002/ptr.8287","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ptr.8287","url":null,"abstract":"miRNAs are tiny noncoding ribonucleotides that function as critical regulators of gene-expression in eukaryotes. A single miRNA may be involved in the regulation of several target mRNAs forming complex cellular networks to regulate diverse aspects of development in an organism. The deregulation of miRNAs has been associated with several human diseases. Therefore, miRNA-based therapeutics is gaining interest in the pharmaceutical industry as the next-generation drugs for the cure of many diseases. Medicinal plants have also been used for the treatment of several human diseases and their curative potential is attributed to their reserve in bioactive metabolites. A role for miRNAs as regulators of the phytometabolic pathways in plants has emerged in the recent past. Experimental studies have also indicated the potential of plant encoded secondary phytometabolites to act as cross-regulators of mammalian miRNAs and transcripts to regulate human diseases (like cancer). The evidence for this cross-kingdom gene regulation through miRNA has gathered considerable enthusiasm in the scientific field, even though there are on-going debates regarding the reproducibility and the effectiveness of these findings. In this review, we provide information to connect the medicinal and gene regulatory properties of secondary phytometabolites, their regulation by miRNAs in plants and their effects on human miRNAs for regulating downstream metabolic or pathological processes. While further extensive research initiatives and good clinical evidence are required to prove or disapprove these findings, understanding of these regulations will have important implications in the potential use of synthetic or artificial miRNAs as effective alternatives for providing health benefits.","PeriodicalId":20110,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapy Research","volume":" ","pages":"4570-4591"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141788854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fisetin disrupts mitochondrial homeostasis via superoxide dismutase 2 acetylation in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. 鱼腥草素通过超氧化物歧化酶 2 乙酰化破坏胰腺腺癌线粒体稳态

IF 6.1 2区医学

Phytotherapy Research Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8296

Yimin Ding, Dafei Xie, Chengjie Xu, Wenyi Hu, Binyue Kong, Shengnan Jia, Liping Cao

{"title":"Fisetin disrupts mitochondrial homeostasis via superoxide dismutase 2 acetylation in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Yimin Ding, Dafei Xie, Chengjie Xu, Wenyi Hu, Binyue Kong, Shengnan Jia, Liping Cao","doi":"10.1002/ptr.8296","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ptr.8296","url":null,"abstract":"Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal malignant tumors with an urgent need for precision medicine strategies. The present study seeks to assess the antitumor effects of fisetin, and characterize its impact on PDAC. Multi-omic approaches include proteomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses. Further validation includes the assessment of mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species (mtROS), mitochondrial membrane potential, as well as ATP generation. Molecular docking, immunoprecipitation, and proximity ligation assay were used to detect the interactions among fiseitn, superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), and sirtuin 2 (SIRT2). We showed that fisetin disrupted mitochondrial homeostasis and induced SOD2 acetylation in PDAC. Further, we produced site mutants to determine that fisetin-induced mtROS were dependent on SOD2 acetylation. Fisetin inhibited SIRT2 expression, thus blocking SOD2 deacetylation. SIRT2 overexpression could impede fisetin-induced SOD2 acetylation. Additionally, untargeted metabolomic analysis revealed an acceleration of folate metabolism with fisetin. Collectively, our findings suggest that fisetin disrupts mitochondrial homeostasis, eliciting an important cancer-suppressive role; thus, fisetin may serve as a promising therapeutic for PDAC.","PeriodicalId":20110,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapy Research","volume":" ","pages":"4628-4649"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141875619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Natural hypoglycaemic bioactives: Newer avenues and newer possibilities. 天然降血糖生物活性物质：新的途径和新的可能性。

IF 6.1 2区医学

Phytotherapy Research Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-11 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8281

Rakesh Kumar Paul, Kaisar Raza

{"title":"Natural hypoglycaemic bioactives: Newer avenues and newer possibilities.","authors":"Rakesh Kumar Paul, Kaisar Raza","doi":"10.1002/ptr.8281","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ptr.8281","url":null,"abstract":"The incidences of endocrine and metabolic disorders like diabetes have increased worldwide. Several proposed molecular pathways mechanisms for the management of diabetes have been identified, but glycaemic control is still a challenging task in the drug discovery process. Most of the drug discovery processes lead to numerous scaffolds that are prominent in natural products. The review deals with the natural bioactives as an α-amylase inhibitors, α-glucosidase inhibitors, protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B inhibitors, dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitors, G-protein coupled receptors-40 agonists, PPAR-γ agonists and the activators of 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase and glucokinase. So, in this review, we focused on the hypoglycaemic bioactives, which will assist scientific developers, traditional medicinal practitioners, and readers to discover some potent antidiabetic molecules. Strategies like chemometric approaches, scaffold hopping, and total synthesis of natural products by group modification or ring opening/closing mechanism could be useful for the development of novel hit/lead antidiabetic molecules. The study concludes that each phyto molecule inherits a potential to get explored by repurposing techniques for various antidiabetic targets and offer an alternative antidiabetic therapeutic medicinal potential.","PeriodicalId":20110,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapy Research","volume":" ","pages":"4428-4452"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141580533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Carvacrol ameliorates skin allograft rejection through modulating macrophage polarization by activating the Wnt signalling pathway. 香芹酚通过激活 Wnt 信号通路调节巨噬细胞极化，从而改善皮肤异体移植排斥反应。

IF 6.1 2区医学

Phytotherapy Research Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8282

Wentao Zhao, Hong Tang, Zhi Liang, Ning Wang, Ruiqi Sun, Rong Su, Zhentao Yang, Ke Zhou, Yiyang Peng, Shusen Zheng, Haiyang Xie

{"title":"Carvacrol ameliorates skin allograft rejection through modulating macrophage polarization by activating the Wnt signalling pathway.","authors":"Wentao Zhao, Hong Tang, Zhi Liang, Ning Wang, Ruiqi Sun, Rong Su, Zhentao Yang, Ke Zhou, Yiyang Peng, Shusen Zheng, Haiyang Xie","doi":"10.1002/ptr.8282","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ptr.8282","url":null,"abstract":"Post-transplantation immune rejection remains an important factor for transplant patients. However, conventional immunosuppressants are associated with substantial adverse effects. Natural immunosuppressants present a promising alternative to conventional counterparts, boasting exceptional biological activity, minimal toxicity and reduced side effects. We identified carvacrol as a prospective immunosuppressive agent following T cell proliferation experiment and validated carvacrol's immunosuppressive efficacy in the murine allogeneic skin graft model. T cell proliferation assay was used to screen natural small molecule compounds and the immunosuppressive effect of compounds was evaluated in MHC-mismatched murine allogeneic skin graft model. H&E and immunohistochemical staining were applied to evaluate the pathological grade. Furthermore, flow cytometry was uitlized to analyse the immunophenotype changes of immune cells. Western blotting and q-PCR were used to detect the expression of key molecules in macrophages. In vitro, carvacrol demonstrates significant inhibition of the proliferation of CD4+ T and CD8+ T cells. It notably reduces inflammatory factor expression within the allografts, suppresses T cell differentiation toward Th1 phenotype and expansion. Furthermore, carvacrol prominently hinders M1-type macrophages polarization by activating Wnt signaling. Notably, the anti-rejection efficacy of carvacrol was significantly weakened upon the removal of macrophages in mice using chlorophosphate liposomes. Carvacrol could significantly inhibit T cell proliferation, alleviate graft rejection and has outstanding toxicological safety. The molecular mechanism of the anti-rejection effect of carvacrol is closely related to its mediating activation of macrophage Wnt pathway, inhibiting M1 polarization and inducing T cell differentiation.","PeriodicalId":20110,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapy Research","volume":" ","pages":"4675-4694"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141907370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Topical and transdermal botanical formulations of the Chinese pharmacopoeia-A review. 中国药典》中的外用和透皮植物制剂--综述。

IF 6.1 2区医学

Phytotherapy Research Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8286

Jingyi Gu, Majella E Lane, Bruno Da Silva Sil Dos Santos, Michael Heinrich

{"title":"Topical and transdermal botanical formulations of the Chinese pharmacopoeia-A review.","authors":"Jingyi Gu, Majella E Lane, Bruno Da Silva Sil Dos Santos, Michael Heinrich","doi":"10.1002/ptr.8286","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ptr.8286","url":null,"abstract":"In pharmaceutics, ingredients are classified as active ingredients and excipients. In topical/transdermal phytomedicines, an ingredient may serve both functions. Published information on these dual-purpose ingredients and their pharmacological relevance is limited. An intriguing scenario arises in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulations, where active ingredients and excipients are undifferentiated. This study analyzes ingredients in TCM topical/transdermal formulations, aiming at harmonization of understanding of TCMs. The most commonly recorded ingredients from such formulations in the Chinese pharmacopoeia 2020 (ChP 2020) are reviewed, aiming at developing innovative topical/transdermal phytomedicines. Current editions of Chinese historical documents were reviewed to explore the principles underlying the use of these ingredients. TCM formulations containing botanical drugs for topical/transdermal application were selected from the ChP 2020. The use of botanical materials in TCM formulations is guided by the \"Jun-Chen-Zuo-Shi\" principle rooted in Yin-Yang and the five elements' theories. In the ChP 2020, 155 botanical drugs, along with 40 excipients (from the \"procedure\" section, focusing on processing and technical parameters), were identified from 34 botanical formulations intended for topical/transdermal application. Pungent and aromatic botanical materials were the most frequently recorded. Adhesive plasters were the most commonly recorded TCM dosage form, employing specific matrix blends. This new perspective of study reveals the prevalence of pungent and aromatic botanical materials, the common use of adhesive plasters, multifunctional properties of botanical oils, and formulation adaptability in TCM topical/transdermal products. These insights should inform novel formulation designs for both pharmaceutical and phytopharmacological research.","PeriodicalId":20110,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapy Research","volume":" ","pages":"4716-4735"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141907403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0