Phytotherapy Research最新文献

{"title":"Nuciferine Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Mice With Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis by Regulating the miR-23a-3p-SIRT1-NF-κB Pathway and Akkermansia muciniphila-Extracellular Vesicles.","authors":"Shengnan Zhu, Weijia Xu, Zhaowen Chen, Xuanhao Lei, Feng Guan, Jian Ge","doi":"10.1002/ptr.8528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.8528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nuciferine, a lotus leaf extract with low bioavailability, shows beneficial effects on hepatic metabolism and gut microbiota, but its anti-inflammatory mechanisms in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are unclear. This study aimed to clarify how nuciferine mitigates hepatic inflammation in NASH by exploring its interactions with immune pathways and gut microbiota. Initially, a NASH mouse model was induced using a methionine- and choline-deficient diet, with nuciferine administered orally. Furthermore, liver damage was assessed, and hepatic M1 (CD11B⁺ pro-inflammatory) and M2 (CD163⁺ anti-inflammatory) macrophages were quantified. Molecular assays measured SIRT1 gene expression, while miRNA sequencing and dual-luciferase assays explored its role in the SIRT1/NF-κB pathway. Additionally, gut microbiota were analyzed via 16S rRNA sequencing, and fluorescently labeled Akkermansia muciniphila-derived extracellular vesicles (Akk-EVs) were tracked in vivo and in vitro. Treatment with nuciferine reduced liver injury, decreasing pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages and increasing anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages. Meanwhile, it upregulated hepatic SIRT1, suppressing miR-23a-3p to inhibit the NF-κB pathway and promote M1-to-M2 polarization. Gut microbiota analysis showed nuciferine enriched Akkermansia muciniphila, and fluorescent imaging confirmed Akk-EVs entered liver tissues and macrophages, exerting direct anti-inflammatory effects. In conclusion, nuciferine protects against NASH through dual mechanisms: modulating the SIRT1/NF-κB pathway to reduce hepatic inflammation and enhancing Akk-EVs. These findings highlight its therapeutic potential for NASH, linking host immune responses with gut microbiota interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20110,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapy Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Plant-Derived Dietary Supplements on Lipid Profiles in Menopausal Women: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trials.","authors":"Soo-Hyun Park, Mi-Ra Oh, Jangho Lee, Hyo-Kyoung Choi, Jin-Taek Hwang","doi":"10.1002/ptr.8511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.8511","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A Comprehensive evaluation of plant-derived supplements for hypolipidemic effects in menopausal women requires robust clinical trials and integrated analysis of diverse research findings. To address this, we conducted a systematic review and meta - analysis to evaluate the effects of plant-derived supplements on lipid profiles in menopausal women. Relevant studies were identified through systematic searches in MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and CENTRAL until June 2022. Randomized controlled trials assessing the effects of plant-derived supplements on lipid profiles in menopausal women were included. A total of 61 studies were reviewed, and 60 studies with 6127 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Study quality was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool, and pooled data were analyzed with a random effects model for meta-analysis. The analysis revealed significant reductions in total cholesterol (SMD = -0.17, 95% CI: -0.26 to -0.08), triglycerides (SMD = -0.16, 95% CI: -0.26 to -0.05), and LDL-cholesterol (SMD = -0.19, 95% CI: -0.27 to -0.10). Subgroup analysis revealed that phytoestrogens, particularly from soy, were especially effective. Favorable outcomes were also observed in postmenopausal women with amenorrhea for over 1 year and in interventions lasting 3-12 months. However, variations in supplement formulations and insufficient dosage-specific data limited the findings. Further clinical research on plant-derived supplements should be accumulated to clarify their effects. Despite these limitations, this review provides updated evidence and highlights promising materials for improving blood lipid profiles. It also offers insights into optimizing clinical trial designs for dietary supplements, paving the way for more targeted and effective interventions. The study protocol (CRD42022383752) was registered in the PROSPERO database.</p>","PeriodicalId":20110,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapy Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the Molecular Mechanisms of Natural Triterpenoids From Mushrooms Against Type 2 Diabetes: A Critical Review.","authors":"Nidesha Randeni, Jinhai Luo, Baojun Xu","doi":"10.1002/ptr.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The exploration of triterpenoids derived from medicinal mushrooms presents an emerging frontier in managing type 2 diabetes (T2D). Triterpenoids achieve their therapeutic potential by targeting multiple pathways implicated in T2D pathology, including insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, and oxidative stress. This review critically summarizes the mechanisms by which mushroom-derived triterpenoids, such as ganoderic acid, betulinic acid, and pachymic acid, exert anti-diabetic effects. The molecular mechanisms of triterpenoids derived from medicinal mushrooms include the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3kinase (PI3K-Akt) signaling pathways, enhancing insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake, as well as the inhibition of α-glucosidase activity, thereby reducing postprandial hyperglycemia. Additionally, triterpenoids can alleviate insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction through modulating oxidative stress and inflammation. Notably, triterpenoids influence gut microbiota composition, promoting a healthier microbial balance that supports glucose metabolism and overall metabolic health. While preclinical studies underscore the promising potential of triterpenoids in T2D intervention, further high-quality clinical trials are needed to validate the mushroom-derived triterpenoids' clinical efficacy firmly. This review synthesizes these findings to establish a comprehensive framework for further research and product development of medical mushrooms.</p>","PeriodicalId":20110,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapy Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kurarinone Alleviates cGAS-STING-Triggered Inflammatory Diseases by Targeting STING.","authors":"Lu Liu, Zhongxia Wang, Yulin Qi, Ang Huang, Caiping He, Xiaoyan Zhan, Xiaohe Xiao, Zhaofang Bai","doi":"10.1002/ptr.70023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.70023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aberrant activation of the cGAS-STING pathway has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diverse inflammatory diseases. Kurarinone, a flavonoid compound isolated from Sophorae tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma, has been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory effects and is used to treat inflammatory diseases. But the effect of kurarinone on the cGAS-STING pathway has not been well studied. We aimed to investigate the impact of Kurarinone on cGAS-STING pathway activation and its protective effect against cGAS-STING-mediated inflammatory diseases. BMDMs and THP-1 cells pretreated with Kurarinone or vehicle were stimulated with ISD or various STING agonists; the protein level of p-IRF3 was analyzed by western blotting, and the secretion and mRNA level of inflammatory cytokines were detected by ELISA and qPCR, respectively. To further explore the potential targets and molecular mechanisms of Kurarinone, nucleocytoplasmic separation assays, STING oligomerization experiments, cellular thermal shift assays, drug affinity responsive target stability assays, and molecular docking were conducted. Additionally, DSS-induced inflammatory bowel disease and ConA-induced autoimmune hepatitis models were used to evaluate the effects of Kurarinone on cGAS-STING-mediated inflammatory diseases. In vitro, Kurarinone inhibited the phosphorylation of STING and IRF3, reduced IFNβ release, and downregulated the transcription of IFNβ, IL-1β, CXCL10, IL-6, TNF-α, and ISG15, in ISD-stimulated BMDMs and THP-1 cells. Additionally, Kurarinone suppressed IRF3 nuclear translocation, disrupted the interaction between STING and IRF3, but did not affect STING oligomerization. Furthermore, Kurarinone reduced the thermostability of STING while increasing its susceptibility to proteolytic degradation. The molecular docking results indicated a strong interaction between Kurarinone and STING. In vivo, Kurarinone attenuated the inflammatory response in DSS-induced inflammatory bowel disease and ConA-induced autoimmune hepatitis models by inhibiting cGAS-STING signaling activation. In conclusion, Kurarinone targets the STING protein to interfere with the interaction between IRF3 and STING, thereby inhibiting the activation of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway. Additionally, Kurarinone ameliorates inflammatory diseases by suppressing the cGAS-STING pathway. This study provides a potential candidate drug for the clinical treatment of STING-driven inflammatory diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":20110,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapy Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144554154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammatory Bowel Disease Induces Colorectal Cancer: Risk Factors, Triggering Mechanisms, and Treatment With Phyto-Derivatives.","authors":"Yuyu Zhang, Yi Zhang, Shiyi Yao, Liping Chen, Qin Dong, Ranwen Luo, Kaiyue Zheng, Jing Liu, Yiming Liu, Yutong Chen, Yuxin He, Zhejie Chen, Ling Li","doi":"10.1002/ptr.70015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colorectal cancer (CRC), one of the most prevalent malignant neoplasms, ranks as a leading cause of cancer-related mortality on a global scale. A particularly aggressive variant of CRC is colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC). Patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk for CAC. The pathogenesis of CAC is influenced by numerous factors and is highly complex. Due to the complexity of the mechanism by which chronic inflammation of the intestine leads to the transformation of colorectal cancer, there is currently no standardized strategy for the advance prophylaxis of CAC. Significantly, phyto-derivatives exhibit significant potential in the prevention of CAC. Currently, researches have demonstrated that natural products extracted from plants including polyphenols, alkaloids, saponins, terpenoids, polysaccharides, and plant extracellular vesicles can achieve significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and gut microbiota regulating activities through oral administration. It is a valuable opportunity for the application of natural products in chronic intestinal inflammation to inhibit the transformation of intestinal inflammation into malignancy. In this review, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the predisposing factors and pathogenesis of CAC, along with the mechanisms through which various plant-derived compounds inhibit CAC development. This work aims to provide innovative and practical treatment strategies for the prevention of CAC.</p>","PeriodicalId":20110,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapy Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144529291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geniposide Improves Glycolysis Driven Angiogenesis in Experimentary Arthritis by Inhibiting SphK1-PI3K-Akt-PFKFB3 Signal.","authors":"Yanhong Bu, Hong Wu, Ran Deng, Yan Wang, Peirong Gan, Xintong Dong, Jiangtao Ke","doi":"10.1002/ptr.70019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Angiogenesis driven by aerobic glycolysis in endothelial cells sustains rheumatoid arthritis (RA) progression. Geniposide (GE), an iridoid ether extracted from the Rubiaceae plant Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis, has shown anti-angiogenic potential in experimental arthritis. However, its role in metabolic regulation of angiogenesis remains unclear. The purpose was to explore the roles of GE on metabolism in angiogenesis and potential mechanisms. Adjuvant arthritis (AA) rat models and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were established. Network pharmacology predicted potential targets of GE, while metabolomics analysis was conducted on RA patient serum and AA rat synovial tissue. The role of PFKFB3, a key glycolytic enzyme, was validated by gene silencing and pharmacological interventions. The signaling axis was further explored using inhibitors, agonists, and protein interaction assays. The role of the key glycolytic enzyme PFKFB3 and the upstream-downstream relationship of the signaling axis were validated through gene silencing and pharmacological intervention. GE improved angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro models, and PFKFB3 may be a potential target. Metabolomics has shown that GE significantly inhibited the elevated levels of glycolysis metabolism in arthritis rats, which may be related to the inhibition of PFKFB3 expression. PFKFB3-siRNA down-regulated angiogenesis in HUVECs, demonstrating that PFKFB3-mediated glycolysis was involved in angiogenesis. SphK1-siRNA indicated that PFKFB3 was regulated and activated by the SphK1-PI3K-AKt signal and induced a high level of glycolytic metabolism phenotype. GE intervention significantly downregulated the levels of glycolysis metabolism in arthritis models by inhibiting the SphK1-PI3K-AKt-PFKFB3 signal. The SphK1-PI3K-Akt-PFKB3 signal is the metabolic mechanism of the natural product active ingredient GE in anti-angiogenesis, revealing the important role of glycolytic metabolism in RA angiogenesis. This provides new insights into metabolic regulation in RA treatment and potential therapeutic strategies for metabolic targeted interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20110,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapy Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144529279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential Candidates of Natural Antioxidants From Herbs for Treating Lung Disorders: Focus on Redox Balance and Natural Products.","authors":"Xing Chang, Siyuan Zhou, Zhaoqi Yan, Qin Zhang, Jinfeng Liu, Yanli Wang, Xuanke Guan, Qiaomin Wu, Ruxiu Liu","doi":"10.1002/ptr.70008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oxidative stress (OS) refers to an imbalance between oxidation and antioxidation processes. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are normal byproducts of redox reactions occurring in vivo. When there is an overproduction of ROS or an insufficient antioxidant capacity, ROS accumulate in airway tissues and alveolar cells, potentially inducing OS. This condition can cause the migration and accumulation of activated inflammatory cells in the pulmonary microcirculation, airways, and alveoli, further enhancing lung inflammatory responses and triggering an inflammatory cascade. Inflammation inevitably results in pulmonary tissue damage and remodeling, leading to pulmonary diseases. Since the discovery of artemisinin, a malaria inhibitor, by Nobel laureate Youyou Tu, the effects of natural antioxidants on pulmonary diseases have been extensively evaluated. Recently, many active components of natural antioxidants have been shown to be effective in modulating redox imbalances in alveolar, endothelial, and tumor cells. Therefore, the supplementation of natural antioxidants may be an effective strategy to mitigate asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis, and lung cancer. This paper reviews the advances in natural antioxidants for protecting against various pulmonary diseases by regulating redox imbalance. Antioxidants offer unique advantages and substantial potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":20110,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapy Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144529292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scutebarbatine B Exerts Anti-Breast Cancer Activity by Inducing Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis Through Multiple Pathways.","authors":"Chong Niu, Ruo-Tong Li, Xiao-Shan Hao, Xiao Qi, Feng-Ze Wang, Hong-Rong Fei","doi":"10.1002/ptr.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer is the most commonly occurring cancer among women with high mortality. Identifying effective anticancer compounds to improve the overall survival is imperative. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects and underlying mechanisms of Scutebarbatine B (SBT-B), a diterpenoid alkaloid extracted from Scutellaria barbata D. Don (S. barbata), on breast cancer. Cell viability assay, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry analysis, TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining, Western blot analysis, 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA), and dihydroethidium (DHE) staining were performed to elucidate the anticancer mechanisms of SBT-B in vitro. Mice xenograft models were used to assess the anticancer properties in vivo. We demonstrated that SBT-B suppressed the proliferation of breast cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. SBT-B treatment induced DNA damage response, G2/M phase arrest and downregulated the expression of cyclinB1, cyclinD1, Cdc2, and p-Cdc2. SBT-B could trigger apoptosis through increasing the cleavage of caspase-8, caspase-9 and PARP in breast cancer cells. Additionally, SBT-B elevated the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Treatment with a ROS scavenger N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) partially blocked viability reduction and cleavage of caspase-8 and PARP induced by SBT-B. Moreover, SBT-B blocked pRB/E2F1 and Akt/mTOR pathways. Incubation with SBT-B increased the expression of IRE1 and phospho-JNK. In vivo, SBT-B exhibited significant suppression of tumor growth in xenograft models. We demonstrate firstly that SBT-B induces DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. ROS generation, suppression of oncogenic signaling and activation of IRE1/JNK pathway play an essential role in the anticancer activity of SBT-B. Our study highlights the potential of SBT-B as an alternative candidate to treat human breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":20110,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapy Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144529293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Notoginsenoside R1, a Novel Natural PPARγ Agonist, Attenuates Cognitive Deficits in a Mouse Model of Diabetic Alzheimer's Disease Through Enhancing GLUT4-Dependent Neuronal Glucose Uptake.","authors":"Zongyang Li, Yuan Zhang, Rui Su, Jihu Yang, Fanfan Chen, Lei Chen, Chen Yao, Sixian Li, Ping Cui, Xiangbao Meng, Guodong Huang","doi":"10.1002/ptr.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our previous studies demonstrated the potential of notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1), a primary bioactive compound from Panax notoginseng, in alleviating diabetic encephalopathy in db/db mice and mitigating amyloid-β (Aβ)-induced neuronal damage. This study aimed to investigate the positive effects of NGR1 against cognitive deficits in a diabetic Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse model (APP/PS1xdb/db mice). APP/PS1xdb/db mice were intragastrically administrated with NGR1 (40 mg/kg/day) or co-administrated with NGR1 and a selective PPARγ inhibitor GW9662 for 16 weeks. We identified NGR1 as a novel PPARγ agonist through molecular docking, surface plasmon resonance, and dual-luciferase reporter assay. NGR1 treatment significantly promoted the membrane translocation of GLUT4 and enhanced 2-deoxyglucose uptake in primary mouse hippocampal neurons. Furthermore, NGR1 treatment notably mitigated cognitive deficits in APP/PS1xdb/db mice. This treatment correlated with reduced blood glucose levels, lowered blood HbA1c, and decreased serum insulin levels, coupled with enhanced glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Additionally, NGR1 treatment ameliorated Aβ burden, suppressed microglia-induced neuroinflammation, and notably increased cerebral glucose uptake, as demonstrated by ¹⁸F-FDG PET scans. NGR1 treatment could upregulate PPARγ and GLUT4 expression and increase phosphorylation of Akt at Ser473 while decreasing phosphorylation of IRS-1 at Ser616 in the hippocampus of APP/PS1xdb/db mice. Crucially, the protective effects of NGR1 were abolished by co-administration with GW9662. NGR1 demonstrated efficacy in enhancing neuronal glucose uptake through the activation of the PPARγ/Akt/GLUT4 signaling pathways in APP/PS1xdb/db mice, positioning it as a promising candidate for diabetic AD treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":20110,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapy Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144485549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traditional Chinese Medicine Improves the Development of Vascular Thrombotic Inflammation: The Key Role of Gut Microbiota and Its Derived Metabolites.","authors":"Jingjing Xu, Yuhao Zhang, Jingyu Liao, Wanqi Le, Gaosong Wu, Weidong Zhang","doi":"10.1002/ptr.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vascular thrombotic inflammation is the most serious complication of cardiovascular disease, and the platelet and coagulation cascades are effective targets for antithrombotic methods. However, the application of traditional antiplatelet drugs is limited to a certain extent due to their various side effects, such as bleeding risk and drug resistance. New evidence showed that gut microbiota is considerably associated with thrombotic inflammation, and targeted microbial pathways can promote beneficial 'antiplatelet' effects and decrease the promotion of thrombosis, without bleeding complications. Owing to the advantages of multiple components and targets, traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) can affect vascular thrombotic inflammation by regulating the composition of the gut microbiota, improving the intestinal mucosal barrier, and affecting the level of gut microbiota-derived metabolites. Targeting gut microbiota pathways using TCM is a promising therapeutic strategy for suppressing thrombotic inflammation. TCMs also exhibit beneficial effects in treating patients with various thrombosis-related inflammatory conditions owing to the antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory properties. In this review, we introduce and summarize the most recent research advances in gut microbiota and vascular thrombotic inflammation, highlighting the role of the gut microbiota. In addition, a comprehensive overview of the regulation of vascular thrombotic inflammation using TCMs that target gut microbiota, and limitations and prospects of the current research are discussed. This study provides new insights for treating vascular thrombosis inflammatory diseases and lays a foundation for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":20110,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapy Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144485550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}