Planta Daninha最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Reduced and Conventional Tillage on Weed Communities: Results of a Long-Term Experiment in Southwestern Spain","authors":"G. Pardo, A. Cirujeda, F. Perea, A. Verdú, M. Mas, J. Urbano","doi":"10.1590/s0100-83582019370100152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-83582019370100152","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: An important drawback in adopting minimum tillage (MT) and no-tillage (NT) techniques is the frequently observed weed shift promoting adapted species and achieving poorer weed control. These changes can be detected best with long-term experiments, and results might differ depending on soil characteristics and the local flora. The objectives of this work were to evaluate the effect of reduced tillage on weed seed distribution in the soil profile and to identify possible consequences on weed diversity on a long-term experiment maintained during 24 years in Seville (Spain) with three tillage systems: NT, MT and conventional tillage (CT) including moldboard plow on a vertisol. For this purpose, soil seedbanks at 0-8 cm and 8-16 cm depths were enumerated in autumn 2005 and in-field emerged plants in autumn 2005 and winter 2006. Shannon diversity index (H) and evenness (J’) were calculated for seedbank and aboveground weed communities. Total weed seed density was highest for NT and lowest for CT. Some big-seeded species, such as Chrozophora tinctorea L., showed highest seed density in CT. NT increased the relative density of Amaranthus blitoides S. Watson seeds in the seedbank and the abundance of emerged plants of Malva parviflora L., Anagallis arvensis L. and Picris echioides L. Overall, MT led to a less diverse seedbank in the 0-8 cm depth of soil than CT. The frequent drought-induced deep fractures in the expandable clay soil caused natural tillage, which probably resulted in fewer differences in weed seed and seedling densities among tillage treatments compared to what might be expected in other soil types.","PeriodicalId":20102,"journal":{"name":"Planta Daninha","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47501485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological and Phenological Responses of Eragrostis plana Nees and Eragrostis pilosa (L.) P. Beauv. Plants Subjected to Different Soil Moisture Conditions","authors":"B. W. Carloto, G. A. Buriol, S. Dornelles, V. S. Trivisiol, M. Peripolli, O. Escobar","doi":"10.1590/s0100-83582019370100128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-83582019370100128","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Experiments were run in a greenhouse where samples of Eragrostis pilosa and Eragrostis plana, species that infest rice crops, were subjected to three soil moisture conditions (50% of soil water retention capacity (WRC), 100% of WRC, 10 cm water depth), simulating three different environments (upland, lowland and irrigated rice farm, respectively), with the aim of studying how these conditions affect the morphology and vegetative cycle of these plants, by means of development and growth assessments. Results show that each species responds differently when subjected to varying amounts of water in the soil. Soaking the soil with 10 cm of water was the treatment that most negatively influenced the development of E. plana plants, reducing the formation of panicles per plant, as well as the aerial part dry mass. The responses of E. pilosa plants to the waterlogged environment manifested as reductions in tillering parameters, number of panicles per plant, root and aerial part dry mass, changes in flag leaf formation, and vegetative cycle increases, which allows inferring that these plants are more sensitive to hypotoxic environments. Thus, the water depth treatment is possibly what caused negative effects on the development of the study plants, which indicates that water management in irrigated rice farming is of uttermost importance for management of invasive plants.","PeriodicalId":20102,"journal":{"name":"Planta Daninha","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46879560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modifications on Labels and Leaflets of Herbicides for Preventing and Managing Resistance","authors":"S. Carvalho, C. Rossi, M. Melo, P. Christoffoleti, F. Kagi","doi":"10.1590/s0100-83582019370100149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-83582019370100149","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: The challenge of managing herbicide-resistant weeds is an agricultural reality in Brazil that shall not be neglected. In this sense, Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento (MAPA) published Act No. 45 on July 14, 2017, provides the inclusion of a code system on labels and leaflets of insecticides, fungicides and herbicides, in order to demonstrate the mode of action of the active ingredient present in the product. In case of mix formulations, both molecules must be discriminated, adopting the same “Herbicide Resistance Action Committee - HRAC” international reference code. The Act No. 45 facilitates the process to choose and adopt products by all those involved in the chain production. It also collaborates with the possible to standardize the mixture of the products, since the need to mix products from different chemical groups to correct handling the resistance cases and avoiding potential new cases. In summary, the process of recognizing the mode of action and classification of herbicides was facilitated, as well as its practical adoption by technicians, growers and the chain production.","PeriodicalId":20102,"journal":{"name":"Planta Daninha","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43368679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Period of Weed Interference in Guarana Crop","authors":"D.O.P. Soares, S. Albertino, F.C.P. Souza, A. F. Santos, J. Silva","doi":"10.1590/s0100-83582019370100070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-83582019370100070","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Guarana is a plant native to the Amazon region that produces the fruit known as guarana. Guarana production is carried out by small farmers and is a source of income for thousands of people in rural and urban areas. The interference caused by the competition between weeds and guarana is an important limiting factor of its production. Despite its economic and social importance, there are few studies on the management of weeds in this species. Thus, this research aimed to study the effects of weed interference on guarana yield in different periods. This study was performed in Maués, AM, in the 2014 and 2015 seasons. The experimental design was a randomized block design with eight treatments and four blocks. Treatments consisted of a combination of four different periods of control or coexistence with weeds (March to May, June to August, September to November, and December to February). Weed community was composed of 23 weed species belonging to 12 botanical families, with Paspalum virgatum being the species with the highest importance value index (55.74%). Weed coexistence with guarana from June to August provided the lowest yields (156.16 kg ha-1 of grains) when compared to weed control in the same period (309.05 kg ha-1 of grains). Weed interference from June to August reduced guarana yield by 50%.","PeriodicalId":20102,"journal":{"name":"Planta Daninha","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48979015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retracted: <i>Allium cepa</i> L. and Quercetin Inhibit RANKL/<i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> LPS-Induced Osteoclastogenesis by Downregulating NF-<i>κ</i>B Signaling Pathway.","authors":"Evidence-Based Complementary And Alternative Medicine","doi":"10.1155/2019/7906103","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2019/7906103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2015/704781.].</p>","PeriodicalId":20102,"journal":{"name":"Planta Daninha","volume":"25 1","pages":"7906103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6710805/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89364173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intercropping Between Corn and Urochloa brizantha Managed with Mesotrione Underdoses","authors":"D. A. Martins, A. Jakelaitis, L. S. Pereira, L. Moura, K. C. Guimarães","doi":"10.1590/S0100-83582019370100056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-83582019370100056","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Corn and forage intercropping system has been commonly used for pasture establishment or renewal. In addition, the use of reduced doses of herbicides selective to corn has facilitated coexistence by reducing competitiveness against forage species. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of mesotrione underdoses in a corn and Urochloa brizantha intercropping on weed population dynamics, corn yield, and forage performance and nutritional quality. For this purpose, five mesotrione doses were tested (0.0, 9.6, 19.2, 38.4, and 57.6 g ha-1) in corn and forage intercropping and monocultures. Individual density and weed dry matter were influenced by mesotrione doses, intercropping, and precipitation distribution over the evaluated period in the intercropping and pasture. In intercropping, Alternanthera tenella and Commelina benghalensis were the most important species because they could not be controlled by the herbicide. After intercropping, A. tenella and C. benghalensis presented higher relative importance (RI) in the formed pasture during the rainy season, while Conyza bonariensis and A. tenella presented the highest RI during the dry season. Corn grain yield was not affected by the presence of grass, but forage yield was affected by the competition with corn. Mesotrione doses did not affect the yield and nutritional quality of the forage. The effects on mineral matter, crude protein, and acid detergent fiber in the forage were due to the coexistence with corn when compared to the control grown in monoculture.","PeriodicalId":20102,"journal":{"name":"Planta Daninha","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48882206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Different Antihypertensive Drug Combinations on Blood Pressure and Arterial Stiffness.","authors":"Zaim Jatic, Amira Skopljak, Sevala Hebibovic, Aziz Sukalo, Edhem Rustempasic, Amina Valjevac","doi":"10.5455/medarh.2019.73.157-162","DOIUrl":"10.5455/medarh.2019.73.157-162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hypertension is significantly contributing to global mortality and morbidity and has been identified as the most important modifiable risk factor for early development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD).</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of different combinations of antihypertensive therapy on blood pressure, arterial stiffness and peripheral resistance in patients with essential hypertension using the brachial oscillometric ambulatory blood pressure monitor.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was designed as an observational, prospective, multi centric study conducted in eight primary care centers of the Health Center of Canton Sarajevo during the period of six months. The study included 655 participants, both genders, aged between 30 and 75, who were diagnosed with hypertension according to the ESC/ESH guidelines. Participants were divided into six treatment groups based on the hypertensive drug therapy they were using; lisinopril, losartan or valsartan alone or in combination with hydrochlorothiazide (A, B and C group respectively) or combination of lisinopril, losartan or valsartan with/without hydrochlorothiazide together with amlodipine (D, E and F respectively). The participants were monitored at baseline, after 3 and 6 months (1^st and 2^nd follow-up). Brachial oscillometric ambulatory blood pressure monitor was used for measuring systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP), pulse pressure (PP), pulse wave velocity (PWV) and peripheral resistance (PR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SBP, DPB, PP, and PWV significantly decreased from baseline to 2^nd follow-up in all treatment groups. The mean reductions in SBP were from -11.7 (95%CI; 9.3- 14.1) to -23.2 (95%CI; 18.3-28.1) mmHg and DBP reductions varied from -5.5 (95%CI; 3.9- 7.1) to -13.4 (95%CI; 7.7-19.1) mmHg. PWV decreased in all treatment groups (from -3.3% to -8.2%). Treatment regiment was not associated with significant differences in SBP, DBP, PP or PWV reductions or their values measured at 2^nd follow-up. Peripheral resistance significantly decreased only in group C (p=0.011), group D (p=0.009) and group F (p=0.027).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These data suggest that lisinopril/lisinopril + hydrochlorothiazide, losartan/losartan + hydrochlorothiazide and valsartan/valsartan + hydrochlorothiazide alone or in combination with amlodipine are equally effective and well tolerated for the reduction of both systolic and diastolic blood pressure and improve arterial stiffness in patients with essential hypertension.</p>","PeriodicalId":20102,"journal":{"name":"Planta Daninha","volume":"22 1","pages":"157-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6657010/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89359255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Competitive Capacity and Rhizosphere Mineralization of Organic Matter During Weed-Soil Microbiota Interactions","authors":"C. Matos, Costa, I. Silva, A. Silva","doi":"10.1590/S0100-83582019370100007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-83582019370100007","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: The competition between weeds and crops is one of the main factors responsible for productivity losses in agricultural fields. This review aimed at presenting and discussing how the interactions between weeds and microorganisms can affect the competitive capacity of weeds and soil physicochemical properties. We also discuss how changes in the elemental stoichiometry of weeds can reflect their competitive and adaptative capacity. Although weeds are more dependent on associations with soil microorganisms than crops for growth, few studies have assessed the contribution of the soil microbiota to their competitive success in agroecosystems. When in competition, plants can change the elemental stoichiometry of their tissues in environments with varied nutrient availability. Elemental stoichiometry of plants has been particularly well studied using ecological approaches on the dynamics of weed populations in natural ecosystems, being a promising tool for understanding weed capacity to adapt to different agricultural managements. Plants control the biogeochemical cycles of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in the rhizosphere through a phenomenon known as the rhizosphere priming effect (RPE). Although this review has found some information in the literature that provides strong indications that the coexistence of weeds and crops may increase soil organic matter mineralization, we are not aware of studies investigating the effects of competition among these plants on RPE.","PeriodicalId":20102,"journal":{"name":"Planta Daninha","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1590/S0100-83582019370100007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41960279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leaching of Imidazolinones in Irrigation Systems in Rice Cultivation: Sprinkling and Flooding","authors":"Diogo Balbé Helgueira, T. D. Rosa, D. Moura, L. Galon, J.J.O. Pinto","doi":"10.1590/S0100-83582019370100005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-83582019370100005","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Herbicides of the imidazolinone group have been used in irrigated rice and presented a long persistence in the soil, especially in floodplain areas with a low drainage, and could cause environmental contamination. This study aims to evaluate the leaching and residual of herbicides belonging to the imidazolinone group in sprinkler and flood irrigation systems. The experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions, with the application of the herbicides imazethapyr, imazethapyr + imazapic, and imazapyr + imazapic in soil irrigated by flooding and sprinkling. Subsequently, the soil was collected from the layers of 0-5, 5-10, 10-15, 15-20, and 20-25 cm and packed in 500 mL capacity plastic pots in order to sow tomato as a bioindicator plant of the presence of the herbicides belonging to the imidazolinones. Phytotoxicity, length, and shoot dry matter mass of tomato plants were evaluated at 10 and 20 days after emergence. The herbicides of the imidazolinone chemical group presented a high potential for leaching and persistence with effects for more than 180 days after application. Based on the symptoms presented by the sensitive crop, the degradation of imazethapyr, imazethapyr + imazapic, and imazapyr + imazapic in the 0-15 cm layers was higher in soil with sprinkler irrigation when compared to flood irrigation. Thus, non-flooded soils present a greater capacity to degrade the herbicides belonging to the imidazolinone chemical group.","PeriodicalId":20102,"journal":{"name":"Planta Daninha","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1590/S0100-83582019370100005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67273299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytoremediation of Contaminated Soil with Sulfentrazone by Different Density of Crotalaria juncea","authors":"Mariana Ferraço, A. F. Belo, F. Pires, R. Bonomo, Ademar Celin Filho","doi":"10.1590/S0100-83582019370100008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-83582019370100008","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: In phytoremediation programs of contaminated soil with herbicides, it is necessary to determine the appropriate density of phytoremediation species, since this practice will contribute to the efficiency of the process. The aim of this study, therefore, was to evaluate the influence of density in Crotalaria juncea on the phytoremediation of contaminated soils with the sulfentrazone herbicide. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse using plastics pots. The treatments were the combination of density of C. juncea, (0, 60, 120 and 240 plants m-2) and doses of sulfentrazone (0, 200 and 400 g i.a. ha-1). The herbicide was applied on the pots and then the species used for phytoremediation were sown. At 75 days after emergence, the plants were cut close to the ground and discarded. Posteriorly, the bioindicator species for sulfentrazone, Pennisetum glaucum, was planted in each pot. In the absence of previous cultivation of C. juncea, the fresh mass and dry mass of shoot and root of P. glaucum were lower than those obtained with the previous cultivation. As the density of C. juncea increased, there was an increase in fresh mass and dry mass, regardless of the sulfentrazone dose applied to the soil. The earlier cultivation of C. juncea led to the remediation of the soil contaminated with sulfentrazone. The minimum density of C. juncea which allows P. glaucum to develop is 120 plants m-2.","PeriodicalId":20102,"journal":{"name":"Planta Daninha","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1590/S0100-83582019370100008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67273531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}