Journal of the American Ceramic Society最新文献

{"title":"Lowering hot isostatic pressing temperature of ultrafine-grained MgAl2O4 transparent ceramics by two-step pre-sintering","authors":"Junyan Mao,&nbsp;Hongbin Yang,&nbsp;Yan Wang,&nbsp;Haoming Luo,&nbsp;Yanhao Dong,&nbsp;Jian Zhang,&nbsp;Shiwei Wang","doi":"10.1111/jace.20280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.20280","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cubic-phase magnesium-aluminum spinel (MAS) has attractive optical, mechanical, and thermal properties and has been widely used as transparent ceramics in a number of applications. However, the processing of MAS transparent ceramics typically requires pre-sintering and hot isostatic pressing (HIP) both at very high temperatures (e.g., above 1600°C) over an extended time, which coarsens the microstructure thus impairing mechanical properties. There is an urgent need to lower the sintering temperature while maintaining high optical transparency. Here we reported new progress in combining two-step sintering in the pressureless pre-sintering step and low-temperature HIP in the post-treatment step, using high-quality green bodies produced by pressure filtration. With this strategy, high-quality MAS transparent ceramics are delivered. The main benefits include 200°C lower HIP temperature, a 33% smaller average grain size of 350 nm, and a higher hardness of 14.8 GPa. Such a method could be extended to many other transparent ceramics.</p>","PeriodicalId":200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Ceramic Society","volume":"108 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface morphology modulation in multilayer scaffolds via ion doping for bone tissue engineering","authors":"Paula M. Riosalido,&nbsp;Pablo Velásquez,&nbsp;Ángel Murciano,&nbsp;Piedad N. De Aza","doi":"10.1111/jace.20269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.20269","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This work proposes the use of multilayer scaffolds as a strategy for developing biomimetic structures for bone tissue regeneration. The scaffolds consist of a glass–ceramic core composed of CaSiO₃/Ca₂P₆O₁₇, which provides mechanical properties of 2.3 MPa and a total porosity of ∼74%. To modify the surface morphology a double bioactive coating consisting of Ca₃(PO₄)₂/CaSiO₃ doped with Na⁺ and K⁺, along with varying amounts of Mg²⁺ (0–0.75 g MgCO₃) was carried out giving a total porosity of 89.8%. The resulting scaffolds were assessed for in vitro bioactivity according to ISO 23317. After immersion in SBF, the W-05 scaffolds displayed diverse surface morphologies: square HA structure (W-05-3D), hollow HA spheres (W-05-7D) and smooth HA layer (W-05-21D). Cell viability of 3T3 fibroblasts exposed to W-05 scaffolds in direct and indirect assays at concentrations of 15 and 30 mg/mL was assessed according to ISO 10993–5. Initially, cell proliferation decreased compared to controls, but differences became non-statistically significant after 72 h. Hollow spheres (W-05-7D) enhanced cell viability compared to other morphologies and plastic controls. Additionally, degradation products of W-05 stimulated cell division, underscoring scaffold biocompatibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Ceramic Society","volume":"108 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jace.20269","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potassium tantalum niobate: Structural insights and biocompatibility for biomedical applications","authors":"M. Durga Ganesh,&nbsp;Subingya Pandey,&nbsp;Mukesh Kumar Manickasamy,&nbsp;Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara,&nbsp;Pamu Dobbidi","doi":"10.1111/jace.20261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.20261","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study explores the biomedical applications of electrically active potassium tantalum niobate (KTN) ceramics (KTa_1 −<i>_x</i>Nb<i>_x</i>O₃; where <i>x</i> = 0.0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7), focusing on their dielectric and biological properties for bioelectrets and electroactive scaffolds. Varying Nb concentrations induced a structural shift from cubic to orthorhombic phases, with increased Nb inhibiting grain growth and maintaining stoichiometry. Dielectric analysis across temperatures and frequencies revealed two phase transitions (orthorhombic to tetragonal at 433–453 K and tetragonal to cubic at 653–703 K). Nyquist plots indicated reduced bulk resistance with increasing temperature. The AC conductivity (10⁻⁴ S/cm) suggests potential enhancement in bone regeneration scaffolds. Bioactivity assessments showed negative surface charges promoting dense apatite layer formation, while cytocompatibility studies demonstrated robust cell proliferation (&gt;100% by Day 3 for PSVK-1 and Wi-38 cell lines). This comprehensive investigation underscores KTN ceramics' promise for biomedical applications in enhancing electrical properties and fostering favorable biological interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Ceramic Society","volume":"108 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing oxygen-blocking properties of HfB2-MoSi2-SiC coating by CeO2 modification","authors":"Sheng Zhang,&nbsp;Xiang Ji,&nbsp;Yuexing Chen,&nbsp;Peipei Wang,&nbsp;Philipp V. Kiryukhantsev-Korneev,&nbsp;Evgeny A. Levashov,&nbsp;Ji Shi,&nbsp;Xuanru Ren,&nbsp;Xueqin Kang,&nbsp;Baojing Zhang,&nbsp;Ping Zhang,&nbsp;Leihua Xu","doi":"10.1111/jace.20266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.20266","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To alleviate the destructive alteration of the glass layer surface caused by gas evolution during the oxygen-blocking process of the HfB₂-MoSi₂-SiC coating, CeO₂ was incorporated to modify HfB₂-MoSi₂-SiC coating, and the anti-oxidation mechanism at 1700°C in air was investigated. Compared with the unmodified HfB₂-MoSi₂-SiC coating, the addition of the refractory CeO₂ to the Hf-B-Si-O system leads to the formation of a stable Hf-Ce-B-Si-O complex phase glass, which substantially enhances the viscosity, stability, and self-healing sealing properties of the glass layer. The introduction of 0.75 vol.% CeO₂ significantly lowers the oxidative activity of the HfB₂-MoSi₂-SiC coating, boosting its average protective efficiency to 99.96% and reducing the maximal oxygen permeability by 43.48%, thus exhibiting superior oxygen-blocking performance. However, excessive addition of CeO₂ leads to an overabundance of oxygen release through its distinctive oxygen vacancy mechanism, which accelerates the formation of Hf-oxides, resulting in excessive viscosity on the coating surface and leaving oxidation defects unrepaired.</p>","PeriodicalId":200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Ceramic Society","volume":"108 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing and tailoring the dilatometric profile of novel chromium-free refractory raw materials","authors":"Otávio H. Borges,&nbsp;Christos G. Aneziris,&nbsp;Victor C. Pandolfelli","doi":"10.1111/jace.20271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.20271","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Reducing dependence on toxic electrofused magnesia-chromium aggregates is essential to meet demands for eco-friendly refractories. Some authors have proposed alternative compositions using lab-scale electrofusion to produce small specimens (&lt; 0.5 g). However, this size limits the evaluation of key refractory properties, such as thermal expansion. As an alternative, this study explored conventional sintering at 1600°C for 5 h and both methods resulted in equivalent chemical and mineralogical compositions. Despite presenting higher porosity (24 % – 30 %) than the electrofused ones (4 % – 6 %), consistent microstructural parameters supported using the sintering route to produce larger specimens (5 × 5 × 25 mm³), which were assessed for dilatometric profiles up to 1400°C. Combined with thermodynamic calculations, Rietveld's refining of X-ray diffraction patterns and differential scanning calorimetry, the dilatometric analysis indicated that spinel dissolution in the periclase causes a high expansion during heating, whereas its re-precipitation results in shrinkage. As this behavior could result in challenges for the refractory lining design, computational thermodynamics was used to find additives capable of increasing this transition temperature. TiO₂ was identified as a promising candidate and its effectiveness was attested.</p>","PeriodicalId":200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Ceramic Society","volume":"108 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bipolar HiPIMS kick-pulse for high hardness in high-entropy boride thin films","authors":"Nathaniel S. McIlwaine,&nbsp;Nestor O. Marquez Rios,&nbsp;Eva Zurek,&nbsp;Donald W. Brenner,&nbsp;William G. Fahrenholtz,&nbsp;Stefano Curtarolo,&nbsp;Douglas E. Wolfe,&nbsp;Jon-Paul Maria","doi":"10.1111/jace.20257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.20257","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We report a microhardness indentation study for multicomponent refractory metal boride thin films that belong to the family of high-entropy ceramics exhibiting superior hardness and high temperature properties. We focus on the nominally equimolar composition (Ti_0.2Zr_0.2Hf_0.2Nb_0.2Ta_0.2)B₂, which we refer to as HEB3, on <i>c</i>-plane sapphire substrates. Thin films are prepared using bipolar high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS), where the positive kick pulse is optimized to produce films with high density, high crystallinity, and a microstructure that is isometric in nature as revealed by cross-sectional fracture surface imaging, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray reflectometry. Low-load Knoop indentation is used to measure microhardness. We find strong trends linking kick-pulse magnitude, microstructure uniformity, high density, and Knoop hardness. Optimized conditions can produce films with low-load Knoop hardness exceeding 30 GPa. To validate these trends, we present a rigorous indent characterization campaign and discussion considering possible artifacts from roughness, thickness, and indent loading. The key finding of our study is the ability of engineering bombardment by using a low duty-cycle pulsed plasma to manipulate crystal structure without sacrificing crystallinity, and in turn boost material hardness.</p>","PeriodicalId":200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Ceramic Society","volume":"108 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jace.20257","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Er3+–Yb3+ codoped oxyfluoride germanate glass ceramics containing SrF2 nanocrystals for 1.5 µm optical amplification","authors":"Siqiang Li,&nbsp;Xizhen Zhang,&nbsp;Linke Song,&nbsp;Yanqiu Zhang,&nbsp;Duan Gao,&nbsp;Sujuan Zhang,&nbsp;Xiuyu Pan,&nbsp;Yuhang Zhang,&nbsp;Baojiu Chen","doi":"10.1111/jace.20259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.20259","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Er³⁺–Yb³⁺ codoped transparent oxyfluoride germanate glass ceramics (GCs) containing SrF₂ nanocrystals (NCs) have been prepared by melt quenching method. We have measured absorption, photoluminescence (PL), and PL decay. The PL spectra excited at 378 nm and 980 nm for 1.53 µm near-infrared (NIR) and visible emission have been investigated. By using Judd–Ofelt (JO) theory, optical transition parameters have been calculated. Thanks to low phonon energy SrF₂ NCs and high fluorine oxyfluoride glass matrix, strong 1.53 µm emission with large measured lifetime (<i>τ</i>_meas) are observed. After SrF₂ NCs formed, the intensity parameter Ω₂ becomes smaller for GC samples, the PL intensity and full width at half maximum increase. Absorption cross section (<i>σ</i>_a) and emission cross section (<i>σ</i>_e) at 1.5 µm have been calculated by McCumber theory. The luminescence efficiency (<i>η</i>), effective linewidth (Δ<i>λ</i>_eff), gain bandwidth (<i>σ</i>_eΔ<i>λ</i>_eff), and figure of merit (<i>σ</i>_eτ_m) have been evaluated. The results show excellent optical amplification performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Ceramic Society","volume":"108 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-range order and topology of Te-rich amorphous Ge–Sb–Te alloys","authors":"I. Pethes,&nbsp;A. Piarristeguy,&nbsp;A. Pradel,&nbsp;R. Escalier,&nbsp;M. Micoulaut,&nbsp;S. Michalik,&nbsp;J. Darpentigny,&nbsp;A. Zitolo,&nbsp;P. Jóvári","doi":"10.1111/jace.20258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.20258","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The structure of evaporated amorphous Ge<i>_x</i>Sb<i>_x</i>Te₁₀₀₋₂<i>_x</i> (<i>x </i>= 6, 9, 13) alloys was investigated by neutron diffraction, X-ray diffraction, and extended X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Ge, Sb, and Te K-edges. Large-scale structural models were generated by fitting the experimental datasets (five for each composition) simultaneously in the framework of the reverse Monte Carlo simulation technique. It was found that the alloys are chemically ordered (Ge and Sb have predominantly Te neighbors) and within the experimental uncertainty, each component satisfies the 8 – <i>N</i> rule. A comparison with the pair correlation functions of melt-quenched Ge₂₀Te₈₀ revealed that the first minimum of <i>g</i>_TeTe(<i>r</i>) is shallower in the ternary alloys than in Ge₂₀Te₈₀. On the other hand, the separation of the first and second coordination environments of Ge atoms is stronger in the Ge–Sb–Te alloys investigated.</p>","PeriodicalId":200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Ceramic Society","volume":"108 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-equimolar multi-principal element monosilicates with excellent corrosion resistance","authors":"Zeyu Chen,&nbsp;Yiling Huang,&nbsp;Fan Peng,&nbsp;Chucheng Lin,&nbsp;Wei Zheng,&nbsp;Xuemei Song,&nbsp;Yaran Niu,&nbsp;Yi Zeng","doi":"10.1111/jace.20265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.20265","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Achieving an excellent corrosion resistance against calcium-magnesium aluminosilicate (CMAS) molten salt in multi-principal element monosilicates ((<i>n</i>RE<i>_xi</i>)₂SiO₅) presents a critical challenge. Herein, a non-equimolar rare earth elements (REEs) design approach was proposed, and ten variants of (<i>n</i>RE<i>_xi</i>)₂SiO₅ with three to five components were synthesized to investigate their CMAS corrosion resistance. The findings indicate that corrosion resistance is substantially influenced by the ionic radii of REEs, impacting corrosion behaviors from both thermodynamic and kinetic points of view. On the basis of these insights, a methodology for designing non-equimolar (<i>n</i>RE<i>_xi</i>)₂SiO₅ materials with enhanced resistance to CMAS corrosion at temperatures up to 1500°C is proposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Ceramic Society","volume":"108 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of high-temperature sintering on \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 SiO\u0000 2\u0000 \u0000 −\u0000 \u0000 LiO\u0000 2\u0000 \u0000 −\u0000 \u0000 Al\u0000 2\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 O\u0000 3\u0000 \u0000 −\u0000 \u0000 K\u0000 2\u0000 \u0000 O\u0000 −\u0000 \u0000 P\u0000 2\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 O\u0000 5\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 ${rm SiO}_2{-}{rm LiO}_2{-}{rm Al}_2{rm O}_3{-}{rm K}_2{rm O}{-}{rm P}_2{rm O}_5$\u0000 glass ceramics with \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 ZrO\u0000 2\u0000 \u0000 ${rm ZrO}_2$\u0000 and \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Y\u0000 2\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 O\u0000 3\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 ${rm Y}_2{rm O}_3$\u0000 additives","authors":"Gulsan Ara Sathi Kazi,&nbsp;Areef Billah,&nbsp;Azusa Takahashi,&nbsp;Ko Tanno,&nbsp;Natsuko Hayama,&nbsp;Bashir Ahmmad","doi":"10.1111/jace.20244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.20244","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The influence of multi-step sintering at high temperatures was used to meticulously characterize the crystallization, mechanical, and optical properties of a &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;SiO&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;Li&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;Al&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;K&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;P&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;5&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;${rm SiO}_2{-}{rm Li}_2{rm O}{-}{rm Al}_2{rm O}_3{-}{rm K}_2{rm O}{-}{rm P}_2{rm O}_5$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; glass system with the addition of &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;ZrO&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;${rm ZrO}_2$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;Y&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;${rm Y}_2$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;${rm O}_3$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;. The research began with a novel base glass composition of 3.8 wt% &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;Li&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;${rm Li}_2$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;CO&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;${rm CO}_3$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;, 4.2 wt% &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;K&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;${rm K}_2$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;CO&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Ceramic Society","volume":"108 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143117609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}