{"title":"Two-step sintering and grain size refinement of MgAl2O4 ceramics","authors":"Shichang Cheng, Hongbing Yang, Yuanyuan Li, Chenxi Zhang, Chang-An Wang, Yanhao Dong","doi":"10.1111/jace.70133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.70133","url":null,"abstract":"<p>There are growing interests to process magnesium aluminate spinel (MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) ceramics using commercially available powders and to achieve lowered pressureless sintering and hot isostatic pressing temperatures, refined grain size, and improved mechanical properties. We recently used deagglomerated Baikowski powders and centrifugal casting to lower the pressureless sintering temperature of MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> ceramics to 1350°C and obtain 526 nm grain size for full density and 197 nm for 97% relative density with closed porosity, respectively. Here, we practiced two-step sintering to further lower the sintering temperature and refine the grain size. The results show positive yet limited effect of two-step sintering in the subject system. For the first sintering step, we found a relatively high critical density of 91% and holding is not needed. For the second sintering step, we found a temperature difference (between the first and second sintering steps) of 70°C to obtain full density and 115°C to obtain 95% relative density with closed porosity. The optimized two-step sintering conditions are (i) the first step at 1350°C for 0 h and the second step at 1280°C for 20 h to obtain 99.2% relative density and 429 nm grain size, and (ii) the first step at 1350°C for 0 h and the second step at 1235°C for 20 h to obtain 95.2% relative density and 184 nm grain size. Implications from isothermal grain growth experiments shall be discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Ceramic Society","volume":"108 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145197187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kai Ding, Wenye Deng, Jinyang Li, Ni Ai, Yan Xue, Pengjun Zhao, Yongmei Gao, Chaoyan Ma, Aimin Chang, Yongxin Xie
{"title":"High-entropy effect on the electrical properties and aging stability of lanthanum aluminate ceramics","authors":"Kai Ding, Wenye Deng, Jinyang Li, Ni Ai, Yan Xue, Pengjun Zhao, Yongmei Gao, Chaoyan Ma, Aimin Chang, Yongxin Xie","doi":"10.1111/jace.70138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.70138","url":null,"abstract":"<p>High-entropy ceramics display superior properties owing to their elevated group entropy, which arises from the occupancy of lattice sites by multiple primary elements. In this study, the increase in the linearity and thermal stability of the temperature-resistance profiles is achieved through the doping of high-entropy oxides at the B-position in lanthanum aluminate, leading to increased entropy, which affects the La‒O and Al‒O bond lengths and influences the distortion of the AlO<sub>6</sub> octahedra. Additionally, the heterogeneous arrangement of cations with varied valence states at the B position contributes to a high dislocation density after doping with high-entropy oxides. Furthermore, this material demonstrates temperature-dependent characteristics within a temperature range of 673‒1673 K and features high measurement precision (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> reaching 99.858% and residual sum of squares as minimal as 0.255). Most notably, the material shows exceptional thermal stability, with an aging coefficient below 1% for a 0.1 concentration of high-entropy oxide doped after enduring 1000 h at 1273 K. This research provides a promising approach for the development of high-temperature thermal ceramics characterized by enhanced resistance temperature linearity and robust stability, catering to the stringent demands of advanced high-temperature measurement technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Ceramic Society","volume":"108 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145197254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yangwei Zhang, Jun Cao, Shixuan Wang, Ying Long, Rongxia Huang, Hua-Tay Lin
{"title":"Electrocatalytic activity of α-MoB2 porous self-supported electrodes for the HER: The effects of sintering temperature","authors":"Yangwei Zhang, Jun Cao, Shixuan Wang, Ying Long, Rongxia Huang, Hua-Tay Lin","doi":"10.1111/jace.70139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.70139","url":null,"abstract":"<p>α-MoB<sub>2</sub>, which has been considered as one of the promising nonprecious transition metal borides catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), has recently been reported to be very efficient in the bulk form (self-supported electrode). However, bulk α-MoB<sub>2</sub> is normally synthesized under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. In the present work, α-MoB<sub>2</sub> porous self-supported electrodes with relative density of ∼52%–55% were synthesized by a combination of mechano-chemical process and low-temperature (750°C, 800°C, 850°C, and 900°C) spark plasma sintering technique. The effects of the sintering temperature on HER activity of the self-supported electrodes in acidic solution were investigated in this study. The results showed that an overpotential as low as 91.2 mV at a current density of 10 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, and a Tafel slope of 61.8 mV/dec were obtained by the α-MoB<sub>2</sub> electrode prepared at 850°C. This is the lowest overpotential value of the pure α-MoB<sub>2</sub> at a current density of 10 mA/cm<sup>2</sup> ever reported in the open literature. Thus, the present study provides a new insight into the potentially innovative approach to manufacture α-MoB<sub>2</sub> porous self-supported electrodes with excellent HER performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Ceramic Society","volume":"108 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145197184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thermal polymerization of acrylate monomer suspensions of alumina, titania, and titanate powders","authors":"Young-Hag Koh, John W. Halloran","doi":"10.1111/jace.70144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.70144","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The polymerization kinetics of 50 volume percent suspensions of four oxide powders in isobornyl acrylate solutions initiated with benzoyl peroxide were determined with dynamic differential scanning calorimetry at a range of heating rates. Compared with the powder-free isobornyl acrylate solution, polymerization kinetics were similar for titania suspensions. Polymerization kinetics were much faster in suspensions of barium titanate, strontium titanate, and alumina powders, indicating a significant catalytic effect of the oxide surfaces.</p>","PeriodicalId":200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Ceramic Society","volume":"108 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ceramics.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jace.70144","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145197181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhichang Wang, Jinpeng Tan, Tian Qiu, Qixiang Jiang, Xiaoqin Chen, Min Song, Fujun Yang, Shuoqing Yan
{"title":"Anisotropic magnetodielectric property of Bi4NdTi3Fe0.7Ni0.3O15 ceramics at room temperature","authors":"Zhichang Wang, Jinpeng Tan, Tian Qiu, Qixiang Jiang, Xiaoqin Chen, Min Song, Fujun Yang, Shuoqing Yan","doi":"10.1111/jace.70135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.70135","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Bi<sub>4</sub>NdTi<sub>3</sub>Fe<sub>0.7</sub>Ni<sub>0.3</sub>O<sub>15</sub> (BNTFN) ceramics were fabricated via a modified solid-state reaction method. Comprehensive magnetodielectric (MD) characterization revealed significant anisotropy for MD coupling in BNTFN. In the high-frequency region, under identical frequency (<i>f</i>) and external magnetic field (<i>H</i>) conditions, MD coupling parallel to the <i>c</i>-axis (MD//) exhibited a weak positive effect, while that perpendicular to the <i>c</i>-axis (MD⊥) demonstrated a pronounced negative effect. When <i>H</i> < 5 kOe, MD// increased with <i>H</i>, whereas MD⊥ remained negligible. However, when <i>H</i> exceeded 5 kOe, MD// approached saturation, and MD⊥ began to rise progressively with further increases in <i>H</i>. Remarkably, at 1 MHz and under 10 kOe, MD⊥ was almost ten or twenty times stronger than MD// in BNTFN. More importantly, this work also elucidates the relationship between microstructure and MD coupling in four-layered perovskite compounds, offering valuable insights for designing high-sensitivity magnetocapacitance devices through strategic microstructure manipulation in layered oxide systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Ceramic Society","volume":"108 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145197183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yen-Ting Lin, Mohammad Naghashnejad, Ava N. Zoba, Andrew L. Ogrinc, Collin J. Wilkinson, Mason M. Link, Yiwen Guo, John C. Mauro, Seong H. Kim
{"title":"Glass–water interactions: From surface into the bulk","authors":"Yen-Ting Lin, Mohammad Naghashnejad, Ava N. Zoba, Andrew L. Ogrinc, Collin J. Wilkinson, Mason M. Link, Yiwen Guo, John C. Mauro, Seong H. Kim","doi":"10.1111/jace.70137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.70137","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article provides a comprehensive review of the intricate interactions between water and glass, which significantly alter not only the chemical properties of glass surface but also its mechanical properties. These interactions impact adhesion, contact mechanics, and corrosion—key factors for industrial and technological applications. Encompassing studies from various advanced characterization techniques and computational simulations, the review delves into mechanisms such as physisorption and chemisorption, the molecular behavior of water at glass interfaces, and the effects of water ingress on glass network structure. By identifying critical knowledge gaps and unresolved questions, this work highlights future research needs. The findings have implications on glass durability and performance in industrial applications, from nuclear waste containment to consumer electronics, offering pathways to engineer glass materials with enhanced resistance to environmental degradation.</p>","PeriodicalId":200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Ceramic Society","volume":"108 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ceramics.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jace.70137","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145197251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fangwang Fu, Wen Zhang, Ziheng Chen, Ming Li, Bo Niu, Jinyong Zhang, Lin Ren, Fan Zhang, Weimin Wang, Zhengyi Fu
{"title":"Effect of varying carbon content on microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of (TiZrHf)Cx–Ni cermets","authors":"Fangwang Fu, Wen Zhang, Ziheng Chen, Ming Li, Bo Niu, Jinyong Zhang, Lin Ren, Fan Zhang, Weimin Wang, Zhengyi Fu","doi":"10.1111/jace.70134","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jace.70134","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A series of (TiZrHf)C<i><sub>x</sub></i>–10 wt.% Ni multi-component carbide-based cermets with varying carbon contents was successfully fabricated by spark plasma sintering under temperatures of 1450°C and 1550°C utilizing carbide composite powders prepared via carbothermal reduction reaction at 1600°C. The effects of carbon content on the phase composition, microstructural evolution, and mechanical properties of (TiZrHf)C<i><sub>x</sub></i>–Ni cermets were systematically investigated. A certain amount of carbon vacancies is beneficial to promote the densification process and solid solution formation. With the decline in carbon content, the average grain size gradually increases, while TiC segregation tends to diminish until a single-phase hard phase is achieved. Both the Vickers hardness and fracture toughness exhibit a similar declining trend with decreasing carbon contents. The (TiZrHf)C–10 wt.% Ni cermet demonstrates the best overall performance, achieving the Vickers hardness and fracture toughness values of 17.5 GPa and 7.9 MPa·m<sup>1/2</sup>, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Ceramic Society","volume":"108 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144930079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring redox behavior of mixed manganese‒cobalt spinel oxides through in situ analysis","authors":"Christabel Adjah-Tetteh, Kayla S. Smith, Zizhou He, Yudong Wang, Nengneng Xu, Xiao-Dong Zhou","doi":"10.1111/jace.70103","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jace.70103","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Investigating the redox behavior of manganese‒cobalt spinel oxides is essential for optimizing their electrical, catalytic, and electrochemical properties that depend on the oxidation states of Mn and Co ions. In this work, we investigated a series of Mn<i><sub>x</sub></i>Co<sub>3‒</sub><i><sub>x</sub></i>O<sub>4</sub> (MCO, <i>x</i> = 0‒3) through in situ thermogravimetric and structural analysis to evaluate how the MCO composition affects structure, phase evolution, and redox transition temperatures. Reduction in MCO proceeds via two steps whereas reoxidation of the reduction products (MnO and Co) commonly occurs in a single step. Manganese is seen to reduce the reoxidation temperatures - the spinel peak was first evident at 300°C for x = 2.4 whereas that of x = 0.6 appeared at 400°C . Cobalt- and manganese-rich contents (<i>x</i> = 0.6 and 2.4) gave rise to CoO and Mn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> secondary phases respectively during reoxidation. These secondary phases were first observed when the temperature reached 500°C, however, such phases diminished with increasing temperature, yielding a single phase at 800°C. In contrast, the mid-range composition (<i>x</i> = 1.8) yields single spinel phases at relatively lower temperatures. We also studied the relationship between composition and morphology of exsolved Co and MnO particles during reduction, which are of importance to catalytic applications. These findings can offer guidelines for designing MCO for catalytic and electrochemical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Ceramic Society","volume":"108 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144930080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synergistic enhancement of strength and toughness in Al2O3-modified La2O3-Al2O3-SiO2 glass/ceramic composites","authors":"Daimeng Chen, Ming-an Shi, Bo Li","doi":"10.1111/jace.70127","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jace.70127","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Materials with multiple superior properties are well suited to meet the demands of rapidly evolving technology. This study delved into the multifaceted impact of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> content on the structure-property relationships within novel (1-<i>x</i>)La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub> + <i>x</i>Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> glass/ceramic composites. La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub> (LAS) glass as a liquid-phase filler facilitated the densification of the composites during sintering. Increasing Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> content promoted structural ordering, elevating thermal conductivity to 11.6 W/(m•K). Notably, the composite labelled 50A demonstrated exceptional mechanical performance, including the highest flexural strength of 434.8 MPa, fracture toughness of 4.7 MPa•m<sup>1/2</sup>, and Vickers hardness of 10.6 GPa. The combination of grain refinement, microstructural evolution, and crystallinity results in a synergistic increase in flexural strength and fracture toughness of composites. These combined attributes position the optimized composite as a promising substrate for high-performance electronic packaging applications requiring concurrent mechanical robustness and thermal management capabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Ceramic Society","volume":"108 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144929969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A novel composite of aluminum nitride and silsesquioxane organic–inorganic hybrid polymer","authors":"Yoshiaki Iwase, Sawao Honda, Ryosuke Kubota, Yuji Iwamoto","doi":"10.1111/jace.70118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.70118","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A novel composite of aluminum nitride (AlN) and vinyl–hydrosilyl–silsesquioxane (VHSQ), an organic–inorganic hybrid polymer with high heat resistance up to approximately 300°C in air, was fabricated by impregnating a porous AlN with liquid VHSQ and then stepwise curing at 120, 180, and 230°C in a vacuum. The fraction of the VHSQ in the composite was systematically varied in the range of 25–45 vol%. The thermal conductivity, elastic modulus at room temperature, average coefficient of linear thermal expansion from room temperature to 300°C, and dielectric breakdown strength at 200°C were studied for the composites to examine their potential application as an electrical insulator substrate for power modules. The thermal conductivity of the composite reached 59.3 W m<sup>−1</sup> K<sup>−1</sup> at the VHSQ 26 vol%, then decreased with the volume fraction of VHSQ. However, even at 45 vol%, the thermal conductivity stayed at 36.4 W m<sup>−1</sup> K<sup>−1</sup>, and the elastic modulus decreased to 23.5 GPa, less than half of the fully dense AlN, while the average coefficient of linear thermal expansion was slightly higher than that of the dense AlN. On the other hand, the dielectric breakdown strength at 200°C improved with the volume fraction of VHSQ and reached 76 kV mm<sup>−1</sup> at 45 vol%. This value was found to be compatible with that of monolithic VHSQ measured at room temperature, indicating the successful retention at 200°C of the intrinsic dielectric breakdown strength of the VHSQ by the efficient heat dispersion via the AlN grain network in the composite system. These results indicate the high potential of the AlN–VHSQ composites for developing high-performance electrical insulator substrates installed in various types of power modules.</p>","PeriodicalId":200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Ceramic Society","volume":"108 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145197040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}