Plant Molecular Biology最新文献

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Nuclear factor OsNF-YC5 regulates grain size and quality in rice. 核因子OsNF-YC5调控水稻籽粒大小和品质。
IF 3.7 2区 生物学
Plant Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-025-01680-9
Meng-Tian Han, Yan Huang, Xin Yan, Xin Wang, Shao-Bo Li, Peng-Fei Liao
{"title":"Nuclear factor OsNF-YC5 regulates grain size and quality in rice.","authors":"Meng-Tian Han, Yan Huang, Xin Yan, Xin Wang, Shao-Bo Li, Peng-Fei Liao","doi":"10.1007/s11103-025-01680-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11103-025-01680-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>OsNF-YC5, a member of the nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) transcription factor family, plays a key role in rice grain development. Expression analysis showed that OsNF-YC5 is highly expressed in young panicles and grains during the grain-filling stage. Knockout of OsNF-YC5 resulted in longer but narrower and thinner grains, with increased length-to-width and length-to-thickness ratios, yet a 15.1% decrease in thousand-grain weight. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the lemma epidermal cells in the osnf-yc5 mutant underwent longitudinal expansion and transverse contraction, with reduced cell number along the width, likely contributing to the altered grain morphology. Moreover, osnf-yc5 mutant exhibited impaired grain filling, with the chalky grain rate increasing dramatically from 5.5% in the wild type to 81.1%. Composition analysis showed significant content changes in major storage substances, including total starch, amylose, prolamin, glutelin, and total lipid content, which decreased by 14.3%. In contrast, overexpression of OsNF-YC5 resulted in smaller seeds, with reduced grain length, width, thickness, and weight as well as elevated chalky grain rates. Transcriptome profiling identified 1,046 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in osnf-yc5 mutants, these DEGs were enriched in functions and pathways including regulation of transcription, nutrient reservoir activity, endoplasmic reticulum protein processing, starch and sucrose metabolism, suggesting that OsNF-YC5 is involved in grain filling and storage substance accumulation. These findings underscore the importance of OsNF-YC5 in controlling grain size and quality, highlighting its potential to improve rice production.</p>","PeriodicalId":20064,"journal":{"name":"Plant Molecular Biology","volume":"116 1","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146053487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dissecting the roles of EgHd3a genes in flower induction and development of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis). 分析EgHd3a基因在油棕花诱导发育中的作用。
IF 3.7 2区 生物学
Plant Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-025-01614-5
Aqwin Polosoro, Wening Enggarini, Kusumawaty Kusumanegara, Roberdi Roberdi, Toto Hadiarto, M Miftahudin, S Suharsono, Ence Darmo Jaya Supena
{"title":"Dissecting the roles of EgHd3a genes in flower induction and development of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis).","authors":"Aqwin Polosoro, Wening Enggarini, Kusumawaty Kusumanegara, Roberdi Roberdi, Toto Hadiarto, M Miftahudin, S Suharsono, Ence Darmo Jaya Supena","doi":"10.1007/s11103-025-01614-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11103-025-01614-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The regulation of flowering is crucial for optimizing palm oil yield and ensuring adaptation to environmental conditions. This study investigates two FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) homologs in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis), EgHd3a-1 and EgHd3a-2, to elucidate their roles in flowering induction and developmental processes. Quantitative PCR and GUS reporter assays in Arabidopsis thaliana revealed that EgHd3a-1 is predominantly expressed in reproductive tissues and vascular structures, functioning analogously to FT as a floral inducer. In contrast, EgHd3a-2 displayed broader expressions across both vegetative and reproductive tissues, particularly during early growth stages, suggesting a role in organ development rather than direct floral induction. Overexpression of EgHd3a-1 and EgHd3a-2 in A. thaliana resulted in distinct flowering phenotypes, with EgHd3a-1 mutants exhibiting accelerated flowering under long-day conditions. Promoter analysis of pEgHd3a-1 and pEgHd3a-2 identified unique cis-acting regulatory elements associated with tissue specificity and environmental responsiveness, reinforcing their complementary functions. These findings provide a molecular basis for targeted genetic modification of flowering time in oil palm, offering significant potential for accelerating breeding cycles, improving yields optimization, and enhancing resilience to environmental changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20064,"journal":{"name":"Plant Molecular Biology","volume":"116 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146053501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Not just a cycle: mitochondrial CsgabD is involved in GABA metabolism during citrus defense against biotic stress. 不仅仅是一个循环:在柑橘抵御生物压力的过程中,线粒体CsgabD参与GABA代谢。
IF 3.7 2区 生物学
Plant Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-025-01673-8
Yasser Nehela, Nabil Killiny
{"title":"Not just a cycle: mitochondrial CsgabD is involved in GABA metabolism during citrus defense against biotic stress.","authors":"Yasser Nehela, Nabil Killiny","doi":"10.1007/s11103-025-01673-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11103-025-01673-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While the role of succinic semialdehyde (SSA) dehydrogenase (SSADH; also known as gabD) is well-reported from model plants, the lack of functionality and structure of SSADH from citrus represents a significant knowledge gap. Herein, genome-wide analyses identified 17 high-confidence SSADH-like proteins from Citrus sinensis, among which three putative SSADHs have potential GABA dehydrogenase function. Sequence alignment, phylogenetic analyses, and domain architecture demonstrated high conservation among CsSSADHs (aka CsgabD) and their homologs across diverse plant taxa. Notably, CsSSADH-2 lacked a conserved QGIVC motif found in CsSSADH-1/-3. Secondary structure analyses indicated conserved aldehyde dehydrogenase domains. Homology-based 3D modeling predicted CsSSADH-1 and 2 as homo-tetramers; however, AlphaFold2-based modeling suggested their full-length monomer structures. PPI networks revealed CsSSADH-1 interacts with 10 proteins, primarily involved in GABA/succinate metabolism and the TCA cycle. Docking studies indicated that CsSSADH-1 displayed acceptable affinity and binding modes with GABA, SSA, and succinate. GABA supplementation enhances CsSSADH expression, GABA, and succinate content in a dose-dependent manner in both healthy and infected citrus plants under greenhouse conditions. CsSSADH was involved in citrus responses to 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' and/or its vector, Diaphorina citri. Nevertheless, GABA accumulation under biotic stress leads to condition-specific rerouting of GABA metabolism. Chemical inhibition of CsSSADH resulted in increased GABA accumulation but reduced succinate levels in both healthy and infected plants. This study offers the first comprehensive characterization of C. sinensis SSADH isoforms, providing insights into their evolutionary divergence, structural features, and potential functions, and enhancing our understanding of their possible roles in GABA metabolism and citrus defense responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":20064,"journal":{"name":"Plant Molecular Biology","volume":"116 1","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146011697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Flowering time regulation: a critical review focusing on FKF1 protein. 花期调控:聚焦于FKF1蛋白的综述。
IF 3.7 2区 生物学
Plant Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-025-01672-9
Ahmed Alabd, Juan Zhuo, Xinchun Lin
{"title":"Flowering time regulation: a critical review focusing on FKF1 protein.","authors":"Ahmed Alabd, Juan Zhuo, Xinchun Lin","doi":"10.1007/s11103-025-01672-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11103-025-01672-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Flowering is a major developmental transition in the life cycle of plant. The timing of this transition is tightly coordinated by different genetic pathways that act in concert with various environmental and endogenous signals, with the FKF1 protein playing a crucial role. This protein has well-documented roles in regulating flowering time by modulating key flowering pathways across various plant species. Here, this review explores the crosstalk between FKF1 protein and its target genes, which influence flowering time regulation, highlighting a comprehensive and updated understanding of the sophisticated and interconnected regulatory network of the FKF1 in flowering. Beyond that, this review also discusses the newly identified functions of FKF1 protein in controlling many biological processes in plants. In the future, more focused studies are needed to clarify the functions of this protein to gain a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the FKF1 protein that mediates flowering time regulation. </p>","PeriodicalId":20064,"journal":{"name":"Plant Molecular Biology","volume":"116 1","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146011633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Embracing AI in plant biology: a new era of discovery. 在植物生物学中拥抱人工智能:一个发现的新时代。
IF 3.8 2区 生物学
Plant Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-025-01670-x
Dong Xu, Yuko Makita, Aalt Dirk Jan van Dijk
{"title":"Embracing AI in plant biology: a new era of discovery.","authors":"Dong Xu, Yuko Makita, Aalt Dirk Jan van Dijk","doi":"10.1007/s11103-025-01670-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11103-025-01670-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20064,"journal":{"name":"Plant Molecular Biology","volume":"116 1","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146011618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Increased anthocyanin accumulation and plant growth by driving PAP1 expression using the 3'downstream region of the sulfate transporter SULTR2;1 gene. 利用硫酸盐转运体SULTR2的3'下游区域驱动PAP1表达,增加花青素积累和植物生长;1基因。
IF 3.7 2区 生物学
Plant Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-025-01676-5
Nguyen Ha Trang, Abdul Wakilu Sulemana, Moeka Fujita, Li Hongqiao, Chihiro Ohtaki, Akiko Suyama, Akiko Maruyama-Nakashita
{"title":"Increased anthocyanin accumulation and plant growth by driving PAP1 expression using the 3'downstream region of the sulfate transporter SULTR2;1 gene.","authors":"Nguyen Ha Trang, Abdul Wakilu Sulemana, Moeka Fujita, Li Hongqiao, Chihiro Ohtaki, Akiko Suyama, Akiko Maruyama-Nakashita","doi":"10.1007/s11103-025-01676-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11103-025-01676-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High-level expression systems in plants are required for basic research or to enhance the desired traits. However, most expression systems modify the upstream region of the native gene, which can result in loss of expression characteristics. In a previous study, we found that the 3′ downstream region of the sulfate transporter SULTR2;1 gene (TSULTR2;1) is responsible for increased gene expression under sulfur deficiency (−S), regardless of the 5′ upstream region used in the system. In this study, we aimed to establish an expression regulation system based on sulfate concentration using this downstream region. We selected PAP1, a positive regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis, to test the system. The upstream and coding regions of the PAP1 gene were fused to TSULTR2;1 and the construct was introduced into Arabidopsis thaliana. Under −S, the transgenic roots exhibited higher PAP1 gene expression than wild-type roots. This increase led to elevated transcripts of anthocyanin biosynthetic enzymes, sometimes resulting in a noticeable change in root color to purple due to anthocyanin accumulation. PAP1 gene expression and anthocyanin content also increased by transferring the plants to −S conditions. Furthermore, the transgenic plants demonstrated increased plant growth regardless of S conditions and expressed a higher tolerance to salt stress than the wild-type plants, owing to the increased antioxidant activity, which was likely caused by anthocyanin accumulation. These results indicate the potential of TSULTR2;1 as a tentative target for gene expression technology in plant roots and highlight the positive effects of root anthocyanin accumulation on plant growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":20064,"journal":{"name":"Plant Molecular Biology","volume":"116 1","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146011642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
MsCCoAOMTh3 confers drought tolerance by mediating lignin content and ROS scavenging. MsCCoAOMTh3通过介导木质素含量和活性氧清除来赋予抗旱性。
IF 3.7 2区 生物学
Plant Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-025-01674-7
Shudi Huang, Fang Ma, Yunfei Liang, Jiaxin Wu, Zhiguo Xie, Xiangqiang Zhan, Yilin Cui, Zhichao Ma, Peizhi Yang
{"title":"MsCCoAOMTh3 confers drought tolerance by mediating lignin content and ROS scavenging.","authors":"Shudi Huang, Fang Ma, Yunfei Liang, Jiaxin Wu, Zhiguo Xie, Xiangqiang Zhan, Yilin Cui, Zhichao Ma, Peizhi Yang","doi":"10.1007/s11103-025-01674-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11103-025-01674-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferase (CCoAOMT) is a key enzyme in the phenylpropanoid pathway that plays a crucial role in lignin biosynthesis; however, its functional role in Medicago sativa remains poorly understood. In this study, we identified 44 MsCCoAOMT family members and analyzed their expression profiles across eight tissues and under polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced osmotic stress. Among them, MsCCoAOMTh3 displayed preferential expression in roots and flowers, and was significantly upregulated in roots and stems following PEG treatment, suggesting a potential role in both plant development and stress responses. Functional validation through heterologous expression in Arabidopsis thaliana revealed that MsCCoAOMTh3 overexpression markedly increased lignin accumulation and promoted xylem development in roots. Furthermore, transgenic lines displayed enhanced drought tolerance, characterized by elevated antioxidant enzyme activity and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Collectively, these findings suggest that MsCCoAOMTh3 acts as a positive regulator of root lignification and enhances drought tolerance by modulating both stress-responsive and lignin biosynthesis-related genes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20064,"journal":{"name":"Plant Molecular Biology","volume":"116 1","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145948978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The evolution and developmental expression profile of the PIN-FORMED family in Setaria viridis. 狗尾草PIN-FORMED家族的进化和发育表达谱。
IF 3.7 2区 生物学
Plant Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-025-01671-w
João Marcos Fernandes-Esteves, João Travassos-Lins, Juan David Ferreira Gomes, Marcio Alves-Ferreira
{"title":"The evolution and developmental expression profile of the PIN-FORMED family in Setaria viridis.","authors":"João Marcos Fernandes-Esteves, João Travassos-Lins, Juan David Ferreira Gomes, Marcio Alves-Ferreira","doi":"10.1007/s11103-025-01671-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11103-025-01671-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Auxin is one of the major driving forces of plant development and requires careful regulation of transporter proteins to establish polar auxin transport. The PIN-FORMED (PIN) family plays a pivotal role in plant development by establishing auxin gradients that govern vascular patterning and organogenesis. However, the PIN family remains severely underexplored in Setaria viridis, a well-established model for C<sub>4</sub> monocots. In this study, we identified and characterized 13 PIN genes in the S. viridis genome. Phylogenetic and collinearity analyses revealed duplication events in the SvPIN1, SvPIN5 and SvPIN10 subfamilies. Structural analysis uncovered unique features, including potential pseudogenization of SvPIN5a. Expression profiling across five developmental stages unveiled the potential developmental roles of SvPINs, with SvPIN1 and SvPIN10 paralogues predominantly expressed in shoots and panicles, SvPIN2 and SvPIN9 in roots, while SvPIN5b showed leaf-enriched expression, suggesting potential involvement in leaf vascular development. Hormonal treatments in callus cultures revealed auxin-mediated upregulation of SvPIN1b, SvPIN2, SvPIN5d, SvPIN8 and SvPIN10a. Our findings provide significant insights into the role of PIN genes in S. viridis and other C<sub>4</sub> monocots, establishing a foundation for future functional studies and offering potential targets for crop improvement through auxin transport manipulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":20064,"journal":{"name":"Plant Molecular Biology","volume":"116 1","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145820434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Peanut annexin AhANN6 promotes heat resistance in plant and bacterial cells. 花生膜联蛋白AhANN6促进植物和细菌细胞的耐热性。
IF 3.7 2区 生物学
Plant Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-025-01665-8
Lanlan Feng, Naoki Yamamoto, Yin Li
{"title":"Peanut annexin AhANN6 promotes heat resistance in plant and bacterial cells.","authors":"Lanlan Feng, Naoki Yamamoto, Yin Li","doi":"10.1007/s11103-025-01665-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11103-025-01665-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thermal energy has become an increasingly severe environmental stressor to cash crop production worldwide because of global warming. Annexins, proteinaceous protectants against abiotic stress, are multifunctional proteins capable of peroxidase- and Ca<sup>2+</sup>-dependent and Ca<sup>2+</sup>-independent binding to or insertion into membranes. Annexins in plants belong to the annexin D family and are further clustered into six phylogenetic clades on the basis of their structural diversity. A previous study in peanut identified six annexins, but their thermotolerance functions remain unknown. In this study, we report that AhANN6, a peanut annexin, confers heat resistance in Escherichia coli and Arabidopsis when overexpressed. AhANN6 expression led to positive responses to drought stress, ABA supplementation, and heat stress in leaves and was developmentally regulated during germination and pegging. The AhANN6-YFP fusion protein was targeted to the plasma membrane of tobacco cells, suggesting that AhANN6 is localized in the cell membrane. AhANN6-overexpressing E. coli exhibited better growth under heat stress and oxidative stress, validating the molecular function of AhANN6 against abiotic stress. AhANN6-overexpressing Arabidopsis also presented increased heat resistance during vegetative growth. The decreased response of electrolyte leakage in the transgenic Arabidopsis to heat stress indicates potentially improved membrane stability as a result of AhANN6 overexpression. Additionally, the overexpression of AhANN6 in Arabidopsis led to increased expression of AtPOD and AtAPX, key enzyme-encoding genes involved in ROS scavenging, suggesting that AhANN6 is involved in maintaining ROS detoxification. Our findings suggest that AhANN6 plays a crucial role in protecting cell membrane integrity and promoting vegetative growth under adverse environmental stressors.</p>","PeriodicalId":20064,"journal":{"name":"Plant Molecular Biology","volume":"116 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145810910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The heterotrimeric G protein γ3 subunit, RGG3/GS3, integrates sugar-starvation and hormone-responsive signaling pathways to promote coleoptile elongation during anaerobic germination in rice. 异三聚体G蛋白γ - 3亚基RGG3/GS3整合糖饥饿和激素应答信号通路,促进水稻厌氧萌发过程中胚芽鞘伸长。
IF 3.7 2区 生物学
Plant Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-025-01667-6
Taichi Takashima, Hikaru Azumahara, Haru Hirano, Soshi Hirata, Mika Fukuda, Sagar Lamsal, Kotaro Miura, Yukimoto Iwasaki, Takeshi Fukao
{"title":"The heterotrimeric G protein γ3 subunit, RGG3/GS3, integrates sugar-starvation and hormone-responsive signaling pathways to promote coleoptile elongation during anaerobic germination in rice.","authors":"Taichi Takashima, Hikaru Azumahara, Haru Hirano, Soshi Hirata, Mika Fukuda, Sagar Lamsal, Kotaro Miura, Yukimoto Iwasaki, Takeshi Fukao","doi":"10.1007/s11103-025-01667-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11103-025-01667-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anaerobic germination enables rice (Oryza sativa L.) to establish seedlings under flooding by elongating the coleoptile through starch mobilization. Although heterotrimeric G proteins regulate plant growth and stress responses, their role in anaerobic germination is unclear. Here, we show that the rice Gγ subunit RGG3/GS3, particularly its cysteine-rich C-terminal domain, is indispensable for coleoptile elongation under oxygen deficiency. In contrast to their divergent developmental phenotypes in grain length and plant stature, both rgg3 null mutants and C-terminal deletion lines (RGG3-ΔCys) exhibited a shared defect: impaired coleoptile elongation during anaerobic germination. This was associated with reduced starch degradation and decreased expression of multiple α-amylase (AMY) genes. Transcript profiling indicates that RGG3 promotes two AMY-activating modules—the sugar-starvation–responsive CIPK15–SnRK1A–MYBS1 cascade and the hormone-regulated GAMYB–DOF3 pathway—and integrates their outputs at AMY promoters bearing conserved TA and pyrimidine boxes. Consistent with the activation of the CIPK15–SnRK1A–MYBS1 module, RGG3 increased the expression of trehalose-6-phosphate (Tre6P) phosphatases (TPP1/TPP7), which would lower Tre6P levels. Because Tre6P is an inhibitor of SnRK1A, reduced Tre6P would relieve this inhibition and favor SnRK1A activation. Together, these results position RGG3 as a hub that coordinates metabolic (CIPK15–SnRK1A–MYBS1) and hormonal (GAMYB–DOF3) signaling to couple starch mobilization with coleoptile elongation during anaerobic germination, revealing an uncharacterized role for G-protein signaling in flooding tolerance and suggesting a target for improving direct-seeded rice.</p>","PeriodicalId":20064,"journal":{"name":"Plant Molecular Biology","volume":"116 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145810968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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