Plant disease最新文献

{"title":"Understanding Oak Decline in Europe: Ecological Factors, Symptoms, Causative Agents, and Management Strategies.","authors":"Giambattista Carluccio, Alessandra Benigno, Tiziana Panzavolta, Marzia Vergine, Luigi De Bellis, Andrea Luvisi, Salvatore Moricca","doi":"10.1094/PDIS-11-24-2401-FE","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PDIS-11-24-2401-FE","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The genus <i>Quercus</i>, which includes approximately 30 species, plays a vital role in European forest, urban, and suburban ecosystems. European oak stands have experienced episodic decline and death since the nineteenth century, with an increasing and consistent occurrence starting in the early decades of the twentieth century. Oak decline is a syndrome involving a variety of symptoms including canopy thinning, leaf chlorosis, microphyllia, dead branches, bark cracks, bleeding of dark exudates through the stem, inner tissue necrosis, and mortality. Abiotic and biotic stress factors, varying from site to site in exposure time and intensity, have triggered decline events in many regions of Europe. The most common nonliving factors that may be involved in oak decline are weather anomalies and extreme events (e.g., flooding, frost, hail, windstorms, heat waves, water shortage, and drought), as well as chemical air pollutants. Biotic factors include <i>Phytophthora</i> species, sap-sucking and defoliating insects (i.e., <i>Tortrix viridana</i> and <i>Lymantria dispar</i>), and secondary agents like bark- and wood-boring insects and latent pathogens. Among the latter, some Botryosphaeriaceae species, the xylariaceous charcoal canker pathogen <i>Biscogniauxia mediterranea</i>, and the oak anthracnose fungus <i>Apiognomonia</i> <i>quercina</i> have a prominent role. Other biotic stressors, occurring more sporadically with limited effects, are powdery mildews of the genus <i>Erysiphe</i>, wood decay fungi like <i>Armillaria</i> spp. and other wood-rotting basidiomycetes, and bacteria. Identifying the causal factors at specific sites faces the challenge of assessing the interplay of predisposing, inciting, and contributing factors. To mitigate oak decline, it may be necessary to create more resilient forests better adapted to global environmental changes and current disturbance regimes through integrated management incorporating proactive silviculture, innovative control methods of diseases and pests, and ecological restoration actions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20063,"journal":{"name":"Plant disease","volume":" ","pages":"1805-1823"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145125757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal Use of Insecticide Against the Small Brown Planthopper, <i>Laodelphax striatellus</i>, Effectively Reduces the Damage Caused by Rice Stripe Virus.","authors":"Takuya Shiba, Masahiro Hirae, Yuriko Hayano-Saito, Yasuo Ohto, Hiroshi Uematsu, Ayano Sugiyama, Mitsuru Okuda","doi":"10.1094/PDIS-08-24-1707-RE","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PDIS-08-24-1707-RE","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rice stripe virus disease is one of the most devastating diseases of rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i>) in East Asia. The causal virus, rice stripe virus (RSV), is persistently transmitted by the small brown planthopper (<i>Laodelphax striatellus</i>, SBPH). Because there is no effective treatment once rice plants are infected with RSV, it is crucial to prevent RSV infection in rice to minimize the damage. This study evaluated the effect of SBPH control with insecticides applied to the nursery box at transplanting and/or sprayed in the field on RSV infection and yield loss. We found that insecticide application either to nursery boxes or in the field reduced the percentage of diseased plants, the magnitude of damage in diseased plants, and yield loss. The combination of nursery box and field insecticide applications was the most effective at controlling the disease as it provided seamless control of SBPH from transplanting to the initial panicle formation stage. The study results offer a detailed description of the process by which chemical control of SBPH reduces damage caused by RSV. We expect these findings to be useful in developing an integrated pest management system for RSV.</p>","PeriodicalId":20063,"journal":{"name":"Plant disease","volume":" ","pages":"1937-1943"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification, Characterization, and Novel Combination of Fungicides Against <i>Fusarium pseudograminearum</i> Causing Wheat Crown Rot in Anhui Province, China.","authors":"Yanqiu He, Qing Han, Muhanmmad Ayaz, Yuankai Chi, Amei Xu, Tao Wang, Rende Qi, Xiujuan Wang, Wei Zhao","doi":"10.1094/PDIS-01-25-0182-RE","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PDIS-01-25-0182-RE","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fusarium crown rot (FCR) caused by <i>Fusarium</i> species adversely affects wheat production worldwide. The present study investigated the distribution and diversity of <i>Fusarium</i> spp. collected from wheat samples in 12 regions of Anhui Province, China, in 2020, 2022, and 2024. A total of nine <i>Fusarium</i> species were identified from 1,099 isolates based on morphological and molecular identification. The dominant pathogen of FCR gradually changed from <i>F. graminearum</i> to <i>F. pseudograminearum</i> with time and from regions of Anhui Province. Pathogenicity assays indicated that all <i>Fusarium</i> species might induce FCR in wheat seedlings; however, <i>F. culmorum</i> was the most pathogenic, followed by <i>F. pseudograminearum</i> and <i>F. graminearum</i>. The knowledge regarding fungicide combinations used to control FCR is largely limited. Hence, the control effects of pyraclostrobin and prothioconazole against <i>F. pseudograminearum</i> were evaluated, both individually and in combination. The results showed that <i>F. pseudograminearum</i> is sensitive to prothioconazole and pyraclostrobin, with average EC₅₀ values of 0.611 and 1.345 μg/ml, respectively. Additionally, the co-formulation (1:1) was more effective than prothioconazole alone. The results of the seed treatment experiment also revealed that the combination of prothioconazole and pyraclostrobin had greater control effects (80.34%) and yields (7,892.35 kg/ha) in the field than did the combination of prothioconazole or pyraclostrobin alone. Thus, the present study is the first to monitor the distribution pattern of <i>Fusarium</i> spp. in Anhui Province and report a novel combination of the triazole prothioconazole and pyraclostrobin for FCR control in wheat to ensure sustainable agriculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":20063,"journal":{"name":"Plant disease","volume":" ","pages":"1922-1929"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145081294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early-Season Predictions of Aerial Spores to Enhance Infection Model Efficacy for Cercospora Leaf Spot Management in Sugarbeet.","authors":"Alexandra P Hernandez, Chris Bloomingdale, Sarah Ruth, Erica Cushnie, Cheryl Trueman, Linda E Hanson, Jaime F Willbur","doi":"10.1094/PDIS-10-24-2153-RE","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PDIS-10-24-2153-RE","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Cercospora beticola</i> causes one of the most destructive foliar diseases of sugarbeet in many growing regions. Management of Cercospora leaf spot (CLS) relies heavily on timely and repeated fungicide applications. Current treatment initiation is often supported by models predicting conditions favorable for infection; however, these models lack information on <i>C. beticola</i> presence and abundance. Burkard volumetric mechanical samplers and highly CLS-susceptible sentinel beets (biological samplers) were used to assess early-season aerial <i>C. beticola</i> conidia from sugarbeet fields in Michigan and in Ontario, Canada, from 2019 to 2022. In initial correlation and logistic regression analyses (<i>n</i> = 449), duration of leaf wetness, air temperature, and wind speed were found to predict the risk of elevated <i>Cercospora</i> spore concentrations with 67.9% accuracy. In 2022 and 2023, a select model and a limited set of action thresholds, in addition to the BEETcast model, were tested for fungicide application timing. When CLS pressure was high, extending the interval between applications showed reduced management of CLS (<i>P</i> < 0.001), sugar percentage, and recoverable white sugar per ton (<i>P</i> < 0.05) compared with the grower standard. Model-based programs integrating canopy closure information resulted in CLS, yield, and sugar metrics comparable to the grower standard despite one fewer fungicide application. In additional training analysis (<i>n</i> = 402), an ensemble model included leaf wetness, air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed variables with a testing accuracy of 73.2% (<i>n</i> = 101). Based on model development, refinement, and validation, assessment of elevated early-season <i>C. beticola</i> presence and abundance has potential to improve application timing and efficacy for preventive CLS management.</p>","PeriodicalId":20063,"journal":{"name":"Plant disease","volume":" ","pages":"1865-1878"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143459004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pyridaben as a Novel Fungicide Against <i>Sphaerotheca fuliginea</i>, the Causal Agent of Cucumber Powdery Mildew.","authors":"Jing Jin, Ge-Ning Song, Shuang-Ying Zhang, Jie Chen","doi":"10.1094/PDIS-11-24-2483-RE","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PDIS-11-24-2483-RE","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pyridaben is a novel broad-spectrum insecticide and acaricide that is effective against thrips, mites, aphids, and leafhoppers. We accidentally discovered that pyridaben was able to prevent cucumber powdery mildew. In this study, we explored the inhibitory effects and underlying mechanisms of pyridaben against <i>Sphaerotheca fuliginea</i>. Pyridaben effectively inhibited the spore germination and mycelial growth of <i>S. fuliginea</i> with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of 10.83 mg/liter and 18.28 mg/liter, respectively. The spore germination, mycelial growth, and secondary spore formation of <i>S. fuliginea</i> was severely hindered on cucumber leaves treated with pyridaben at 20 mg/liter. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the mycelia growing on pyridaben-treated cucumber leaves were much finer than those growing on untreated leaves. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that pyridaben had a significant impact on the ribosomal function and energy metabolism of the powdery mildew pathogen, restricting its normal physiological activities. In field experiments, the efficacies of pyridaben reached 76.48% in Zhejiang Province and 78.40% in Shandong Province at the rate of 225 g a.i./ha after two applications, which were comparable to the commercialized fungicides. These results suggest pyridaben is not only an insecticide but also an effective fungicide with the potential for further application in preventing and controlling cucumber powdery mildew.</p>","PeriodicalId":20063,"journal":{"name":"Plant disease","volume":" ","pages":"1913-1921"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arabidopsis ecotype screening reveals novel sources of clubroot resistance.","authors":"Melaine Gonzalez-Garcia, Soham Mukhopadhyay, Ian Major, Edel Pérez-López","doi":"10.1094/PDIS-05-25-0975-SC","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-25-0975-SC","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Clubroot, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae, poses a persistent threat to Brassicaceae crops, particularly in regions where resistant cultivars are under strong selection pressure. To identify new sources of resistance and better understand the underlying genetic mechanisms, we evaluated 60 Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes against the highly virulent Canadian pathotype 3A. Using stringent phenotyping criteria, pathogen DNA quantification, and survival analysis, we identified eight resistant ecotypes, including two novel sources, Marce-1 and DraII-6. DraII-6 exhibited exceptionally low disease symptoms and a high survival rate. While the clubroot resistant gene RPB1/WeiTsing was detected in many ecotypes, DraII-6 exhibited uniquely high expression of RPB1 at early infection stages, suggesting a possible role in impeding pathogen establishment. However, the observed resistance pattern implies the involvement of additional genetic or regulatory factors beyond RPB1 alone. Given the urgent need to diversify resistance sources and the growing complexity of clubroot epidemiology, we present these findings as a foundation for further mechanistic studies. The rapid release of this work as a Short Communication reflects both its significance for the field and its potential to guide future resistance breeding in Brassica crops.</p>","PeriodicalId":20063,"journal":{"name":"Plant disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144964944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic and Pathogenic Insights into the Geographic Range Expansion of Wheat Blast into Uruguay.","authors":"Paula Silva, Giovana Cruppe, Fernando Pereira, Richard García, Dahiana Bentos, Martina Villero, Cecilia Monesiglio, Sanzhen Liu, Pawan Kumar Singh, James Peter Stack, Barbara Valent, Silvia Pereyra","doi":"10.1094/PDIS-05-25-1092-RE","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-25-1092-RE","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wheat blast, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae pathotype Triticum (MoT), is one of the most destructive and emerging diseases affecting global wheat production. Although it is endemic to South America and has significantly affected Brazil, Paraguay, and Bolivia, it had not been reported in Uruguay until 2023. During that season, climatic conditions similar to those associated with Brazilian MoT outbreaks, particularly in northwestern Uruguay, prompted intensive monitoring of this disease. In October 2023, 17 wheat spike samples with blast-like symptoms were collected from 11 fields; nine were positive for M. oryzae based on morphology. Four monosporic isolates were recovered, and three were subjected to molecular and genomic characterization. PCR confirmed their identity as MoT, and pathogenicity tests demonstrated their ability to cause disease in both leaves and spikes of susceptible wheat genotypes. Phylogenetic comparisons among 57 Triticum, Lolium, and Eleusine M. oryzae strains, including strains from the B71 branch responsible for outbreaks in Bangladesh and Zambia, indicated that the Uruguayan strains are closely related to some Brazilian strains and are genetically distinct from the B71 branch. Specifically, PyrUy10.1 and PyrUy14.1 shared 99.9% of their SNPs, whereas PyrUy11.1 showed only 73% similarity to these strains, suggesting more than one introduction of the pathogen into Uruguay and the presence of distinct lineages. These findings confirm the presence of MoT in Uruguay and suggest that its introduction likely occurred through airborne dispersal due to its geographic proximity to Brazil. This study highlights the need for continuous surveillance and monitoring in Uruguayan regions with conducive environmental conditions for wheat blast, as the detection of multiple genetic lineages suggests the presence of strains with distinct adaptations. This genetic diversity poses a significant challenge for effective wheat blast management in Uruguay and may have important implications for national wheat production as the pathogen continues to evolve locally.</p>","PeriodicalId":20063,"journal":{"name":"Plant disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144964892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid lineage of <i>Puccinia striiformis</i> overlapping on wheat, barley and wild barley hosts in Uzbekistan, Central Asia.","authors":"Muhammad Awais, Jie Zhao, Khurshid S Turakulov, Dilfuza Egamberdieva, Meliev Sodir Karimjonovich, Sajid Ali, Li Li, Zhensheng Kang, Jinbiao Ma","doi":"10.1094/PDIS-06-25-1317-RE","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-06-25-1317-RE","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis (Ps), is a destructive disease affecting various crops worldwide, including wheat, barley, rye, triticale and certain graminaceous hosts. Recently, clonal lineages of Ps on wheat have been reported in Uzbekistan, a Central Asian region. However, it is still unclear how these clonal lineages persist throughout the year and whether they are exclusive to wheat or can also infect other hosts. To better understand, we conducted surveillance in various locations of Uzbekistan (Jizakh, Qashqadaryo, Samarkand and Sardaryo) in 2024. Site selection of barley and wild barley fields was done based on their proximity to infected wheat fields. Our results showed low genetic distance (FST) among the wheat, barley, and wild Barley Ps population. Wheat Ps populations showed the lowest genotypic diversity (Simpson' diversity =0.46) while high genotypic diversity found in barley (0.87) and wild barley (0.96). Most Multilocus genotypes that were found in barley and wild barley were confined to their respective hosts except MLG-2, which was predominant on wheat, but also infected barley and its wild relatives. MLG-2/MLG-34 was also responsible in 2023 epidemic in all wheat-growing regions of Uzbekistan and showed temporal maintenance during the 2024 cropping year. This lineage may have resulted from hybridization between Pst and Psh, though the source of parental lineages is still unknown, which requires further investigation. Monitoring the migration patterns of this lineage and estimating its pathogenic impact on overcoming different resistant genes is essential, as it has the potential to cause epidemics in both wheat and barley.</p>","PeriodicalId":20063,"journal":{"name":"Plant disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144964939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Cinnamon Essential Oil Nanoemulsions to Manage Gray Mold in Tomato.","authors":"Jane Marian Luis, Lucas Durand Johnson, Pablo Vega-Vasquez, Kurt Ristroph, Lori Hoagland","doi":"10.1094/PDIS-02-25-0261-RE","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-02-25-0261-RE","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gray mold, caused by the fungus <i>Botrytis cinerea</i>, significantly reduces tomato yield and quality. The use of essential oils (EOs), here formulated as nanoemulsions, offers a safe and eco-friendly strategy to manage gray mold without conventional pesticide application. This study evaluated the antifungal effect of cinnamon essential oil nanoemulsion (EONE) against <i>B. cinerea</i> in vitro, and its impact on plant physiological health and gray mold suppression in planta. EONE-treated media significantly reduced <i>B. cinerea</i> mycelial growth area compared to non-treated controls, with greatest inhibition observed at three days post-inoculation (PDA: 88.67%, p<0.01; V8: 54.57%, p<0.01). In tomato plants, roots were treated with EONE prior to foliar inoculation with <i>B. cinerea</i>. EONE showed no adverse effects on physiological parameters of non-inoculated plants. Inoculated plants exhibited reduced Fv/Fm, chlorophyll content, and NDVI compared to non-inoculated plants, but these effects were mitigated in EONE-treated plants, particularly at 200 µL application volume. Cinnamon EONE, applied at volumes ranging from 200 to 2000 µL (5.98 to 59.38 mg/L cinnamon EO), suppressed gray mold lesion area by up to 44.50% compared to the <i>B. cinerea</i>-inoculated control. Evaluation of individual EONE components showed that inert ingredients had no significant plant-protective nor disease-suppressive effects. While unformulated EO was more effective in suppressing disease lesion area in the short term (plants inoculated 24 h post-treatment), EONE provided longer-lasting protection when inoculated five days post-treatment. These findings suggest that cinnamon EONE is a promising tool for managing <i>B. cinerea</i>, with potential for a long-term protective effect in disease management.</p>","PeriodicalId":20063,"journal":{"name":"Plant disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144964574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of Tomato Cultivars Under Natural Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Disease (TYLCD) Pressure in Georgia, USA.","authors":"Nirmala Acharya, Manish Kumar, Sudeep Bag, Cale Cloud, Ty Torrance, Alvin M Simmons, Manisha Kumari, Emilio Suarez Romero, Theodore McAvoy","doi":"10.1094/PDIS-03-25-0469-RE","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-03-25-0469-RE","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The severity of tomato yellow leaf curl disease (TYLCD) caused by tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) in commercially grown tomato cultivars has been increasingly exacerbated in recent years in the southeastern United States. Four research trials were conducted over two consecutive fall seasons in the years 2022 and 2023 to assess the performance of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivars introgressed with single (Ty-1) or combinations of (Ty-3 and Ty-6) resistance gene(s) in Georgia, USA. In 2022, studies were conducted on a commercial farm in Colquitt County and a research farm in Tift County. In 2023, experiments were performed on a commercial farm in Grady County and a Tift County research farm. Tomato cultivars (cv.) with an intermediate resistance to tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV-IR), including Camaro, Grand Marshall, Jolene, Red Snapper, STM 2255, and Varsity, were compared to the TYLCV-susceptible (TYLCV-s) cv. Myrtle. This study evaluates the total produced yield of tomato cv. under natural disease incidence, severity, relative maturity and marketable yield. Our findings suggest TYLCV-IR cv. STM 2255, Jolene and Grand Marshall, except Red Snapper, had a lower virus incidence compared to cv. Myrtle. Moreover, cv. Red Snapper, Varsity and Camaro exhibited moderate disease progression in our research plots. The cultivars Grand Marshall and Jolene had significantly lower TYLCD severity than Myrtle. Furthermore, fruit yields per plant were highest for Camaro, Grand Marshall, Jolene, and STM 2255. Overall, Camaro, Grand Marshall, Jolene, and STM 2255 performed the best based on moderate-to-low TYLCD incidence and severity, and superior yield among the evaluated tomato cultivars. Therefore, identifying the most resistant/tolerant and environmentally suitable cultivars is needed to mitigate the viral disease in tomatoes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20063,"journal":{"name":"Plant disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144964878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}