Plant disease最新文献_第7页

Optimal Growth Stage for Applying Fungicide on Brassica carinata to Protect Against Yield Loss Resulting From Sclerotinia Stem Rot. 应用杀菌剂防治油菜菌核病产量损失的最佳生育期研究。

IF 2.8 2区农林科学

Plant disease Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-19 DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-06-25-1313-RE

Rebecca L Barocco, Ramdeo Seepaul, Kira L Bowen, G Kelly O'Brien, Ian M Small

{"title":"Optimal Growth Stage for Applying Fungicide on Brassica carinata to Protect Against Yield Loss Resulting From Sclerotinia Stem Rot.","authors":"Rebecca L Barocco, Ramdeo Seepaul, Kira L Bowen, G Kelly O'Brien, Ian M Small","doi":"10.1094/PDIS-06-25-1313-RE","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PDIS-06-25-1313-RE","url":null,"abstract":"Carinata (Brassica carinata) is an oilseed crop gaining global attention as a sustainable biofuel feedstock. Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR), caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, has been identified as a major disease of concern for carinata in the Southeastern United States. This study determined the optimal growth stage for a single fungicide application to control SSR and evaluated the relationship between SSR severity and seed yield among multiple varieties. A field trial was conducted over four seasons at the University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences North Florida Research and Education Center in Quincy. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block split-plot design with variety as the whole plot and the fungicide (Proline) application timing as the subplot. A disease severity index (DSI) was calculated from SSR assessments at several growth stages. The final DSI in nontreated plots increased from an average of 13.2 (±10.1 SD) in 2018 and 12.5 (±11.1 SD) in 2019 to an average of 49.2 (±16.5 SD) in 2020 that remained at 40.4 (±10.9 SD) in 2021. The correlation of yield with DSI was significant (P ≤ 0.01) for varieties AGR044-321E (r = -0.49), Avanza 641 (r = -0.59), DH-040.342 (r = -0.28), and M-01 (r = -0.62). Early to full flowering was the optimal growth stage for a fungicide application to manage SSR on carinata, but seasonal differences in disease affected the magnitude of control. Effective management using well-timed fungicide applications can support the sustainability of carinata as a biofuel crop.","PeriodicalId":20063,"journal":{"name":"Plant disease","volume":" ","pages":"3727-3736"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147344847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Temporal Population Genetic Dynamics of Wheat Sharp Eyespot Pathogen Rhizoctonia cerealis in the Willamette Valley, Oregon, U.S.A. 美国俄勒冈州威拉米特谷地小麦尖眼斑病原菌小麦根丝核菌的时间种群遗传动态。

IF 2.8 2区农林科学

Plant disease Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-17 DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-12-25-2589-RE

Jiang Liu, Hilary Gunn, Christopher C Mundt

{"title":"Temporal Population Genetic Dynamics of Wheat Sharp Eyespot Pathogen Rhizoctonia cerealis in the Willamette Valley, Oregon, U.S.A.","authors":"Jiang Liu, Hilary Gunn, Christopher C Mundt","doi":"10.1094/PDIS-12-25-2589-RE","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PDIS-12-25-2589-RE","url":null,"abstract":"Wheat sharp eyespot, caused by the soilborne basidiomycete Rhizoctonia cerealis anastomosis group DI (AG-DI), has become an increasingly important stem disease worldwide and has resulted in yield losses in the Willamette Valley of Oregon since 2014. However, the temporal genetic dynamics of R. cerealis populations remain poorly understood. In this study, 440 pure isolates of R. cerealis AG-DI were isolated from the same experimental field in the springs of 2017, 2019, 2021, and 2023. Population genetic analyses based on six microsatellite markers detected no population differentiation among years. The two previously reported genetic pools neither merged nor produced new pools, indicating a stable population structure over time. Together with earlier reports of R. cerealis population genetics from China, these findings suggest that the R. cerealis population in the Willamette Valley was consistent with a founder effect. Although Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium and linkage disequilibrium tests indirectly indicate the presence of sexual recombination, these signals may represent historical variation rather than substantial ongoing sexual reproduction within the region. The temporal genetic changes observed in the R. cerealis population may be linked to indirect selection pressure imposed during long-term breeding and screening of eyespot (strawbreaker foot rot)-resistant wheat cultivars in the same field. These findings provide insight into the evolutionary processes shaping R. cerealis populations and have implications for disease management and resistance breeding.","PeriodicalId":20063,"journal":{"name":"Plant disease","volume":" ","pages":"3744-3755"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147366582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Strain Diversity and Resistance to Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic Virus (CGMMV) in Cucumber. 黄瓜绿色斑驳花叶病毒（CGMMV）的株系多样性及抗性研究

IF 2.8 2区农林科学

Plant disease Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-03 DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-07-25-1348-RE

Esperanza Gea-Caballero, Livia Donaire, Almudena Castillo, Jesus Abad, Miguel A Aranda

{"title":"Strain Diversity and Resistance to Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic Virus (CGMMV) in Cucumber.","authors":"Esperanza Gea-Caballero, Livia Donaire, Almudena Castillo, Jesus Abad, Miguel A Aranda","doi":"10.1094/PDIS-07-25-1348-RE","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PDIS-07-25-1348-RE","url":null,"abstract":"Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) is a tobamovirus that causes disease in cucumber crops worldwide, leading to significant economic losses. To study the variability of CGMMV in southeastern Spain, partial genome sequences were obtained from isolates collected in 2017 and 2020 from cucumber crops. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that isolates clustered into two major groups, Asian (AS)-like and European (EU)-like CGMMV isolates. These two groups coexisted in the same area, crops, and even individual plants, although the AS type predominated. The accumulation and symptom expression of molecularly cloned isolates from these two groups were assessed in two cucumber cultivars (resistant and susceptible) under both summer and winter conditions. An in planta antagonistic interaction was detected between the AS and EU isolates, in which the accumulation of CGMMV-EU was suppressed during mixed infections. A multivariate analysis did not identify statistically significant differences because of variations in environmental conditions. Unlike CGMMV-EU, CGMMV-AS did not show significant differences in accumulation based on the plant genotype. To further investigate this, the response to CGMMV-AS infection was analyzed in additional susceptible and resistant cultivars. All cultivars appeared to be similarly susceptible to CGMMV-AS, in contrast to CGMMV-EU, which accumulated to a much lower extent in resistant compared with susceptible plants. These results reinforce the need to continue epidemiological surveillance, identify new sources of resistance, and implement strict control of infected seed trade, given the growing threat that CGMMV-AS isolates pose to cucumber cultivation.","PeriodicalId":20063,"journal":{"name":"Plant disease","volume":" ","pages":"3777-3788"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147366553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Novel Genomic Regions Associated with Multifungicide Resistance in Botrytis cinerea and Factors Impacting Greenhouse Population Structure. 番茄葡萄孢（Botrytis cinerea）抗多种杀菌剂相关的新基因组区域及影响温室种群结构的因素。

IF 2.8 2区农林科学

Plant disease Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-08 DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-11-25-2230-RE

Nicole T Lukasko, Soumya Moonjely, Mary K Hausbeck

{"title":"Novel Genomic Regions Associated with Multifungicide Resistance in Botrytis cinerea and Factors Impacting Greenhouse Population Structure.","authors":"Nicole T Lukasko, Soumya Moonjely, Mary K Hausbeck","doi":"10.1094/PDIS-11-25-2230-RE","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PDIS-11-25-2230-RE","url":null,"abstract":"The fungal plant pathogen Botrytis cinerea affects hundreds of valuable crops, including fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants. In greenhouse production systems, B. cinerea disease management largely depends on the use of fungicides; however, the emergence of resistance to multiple fungicide classes has become a major challenge. An improved understanding of B. cinerea populations can contribute to the development of resistance management strategies. In this study, isolates (n = 276) of B. cinerea were collected from ornamental production greenhouses in Michigan, and whole-genome resequencing was performed to evaluate genetic differentiation among hosts, locations, growing cycles, and fungicide resistance. Discriminant analyses of principal components and analyses of molecular variance revealed limited genetic differentiation among isolates from different hosts, greenhouses, and years of isolate collection. In contrast, the same analyses alongside pairwise fixation indexes and an evaluation of population structure indicated significant genetic differentiation among isolates based on the number of fungicides to which they are resistant. There are two described mechanisms that confer resistance to multiple fungicides at the same time, both of which are mediated by efflux pumps. Results from a quantitative trait genome-wide association study revealed novel genomic regions associated with multifungicide resistance, including two genes that encode putative efflux pumps. An understanding of fungicide resistance patterns is essential for developing durable disease control measures. Our results highlight the importance of continued monitoring of B. cinerea populations, as the observed genetic differentiation linked to fungicide resistance emphasizes their ability to adapt to selection pressure.","PeriodicalId":20063,"journal":{"name":"Plant disease","volume":" ","pages":"4075-4084"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147531873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biocontrol Potential of a Novel Bacillus velezensis Strain Against Major Soft Rot Bacteria Pectobacterium and Dickeya. 一株新的velezensis芽孢杆菌对主要软腐菌Pectobacterium和Dickeya的生物防治潜力。

IF 2.8 2区农林科学

Plant disease Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-10 DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-11-25-2379-RE

Dhirendra Niroula, Kaitlyn Weber, Donald F Smith, Janak R Joshi

{"title":"Biocontrol Potential of a Novel Bacillus velezensis Strain Against Major Soft Rot Bacteria Pectobacterium and Dickeya.","authors":"Dhirendra Niroula, Kaitlyn Weber, Donald F Smith, Janak R Joshi","doi":"10.1094/PDIS-11-25-2379-RE","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PDIS-11-25-2379-RE","url":null,"abstract":"Management of soft rot Pectobacteriaceae (SRP) remains a major challenge because effective control options such as bactericides, chemical treatments, or resistant commercial varieties are currently lacking. In a quest for an effective control measure against SRP, we isolated bacteria from soil and potato samples from potato fields across Montana. The bacterial isolates were screened for their effective suppression of major soft rot and blackleg pathogens Pectobacterium brasiliense strain Pb1692 and Dickeya dianthicola strain ME23. We screened more than 3,000 bacterial isolates using inhibition-zone assays on nutrient agar plates. From this collection, we identified a strong antagonist effective against Pb1692 and ME23. This isolate successfully suppressed potato soft rot and blackleg disease in both laboratory and greenhouse evaluations. Genome sequencing identified the bacterial antagonist as Bacillus velezensis strain DN539, which can survive well at 8°C, a potato postharvest storage temperature. We enriched the B. velezensis DN539 supernatant in bioactive fractions, and mass spectrometry analysis identified the bioactive compound as isomers of surfactin. Scanning electron microscopy identified that surfactin-enriched fraction resulted in the leakage of the cellular content of phytobacteria tested in our study in as little as 10 min, followed by complete degradation of bacterial cells within 1 h. The surfactin-enriched fraction also had antimicrobial effects against other economically important phytobacteria such as Erwinia amylovora, Xanthomonas campestris, and Pseudomonas syringae. These indicate that surfactin synthesized by Bacillus velezensis DN539 has potential to be developed as a biocontrol agent against broad range of phytobacteria.","PeriodicalId":20063,"journal":{"name":"Plant disease","volume":" ","pages":"3822-3831"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147366222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Occurrence and Regional Distribution of Melon Viruses in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. 新疆维吾尔自治区甜瓜病毒发生及区域分布

IF 2.8 2区农林科学

Plant disease Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-17 DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-11-25-2292-SR

Fengqin Zhang, Sheng Han, Shi-Wei Wang, Tingting Zhou, Jing Feng, Qinsheng Gu, Yushanjiang Maimaiti

{"title":"Occurrence and Regional Distribution of Melon Viruses in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China.","authors":"Fengqin Zhang, Sheng Han, Shi-Wei Wang, Tingting Zhou, Jing Feng, Qinsheng Gu, Yushanjiang Maimaiti","doi":"10.1094/PDIS-11-25-2292-SR","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PDIS-11-25-2292-SR","url":null,"abstract":"Xinjiang is a major melon-producing region in China, where viral diseases severely constrain both yield and quality. Despite their importance, the species composition, spatial distribution, and infection dynamics of melon viruses remain incompletely characterized. To address this, we collected 840 symptomatic melon samples from 12 prefectures in Xinjiang and employed RT-PCR with virus-specific primers for detection. Eight viruses were identified: zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV, 85.5%), watermelon mosaic virus (WMV, 81.2%), cucumber mosaic virus (CMV, 80.1%), cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (CABYV, 57.9%), papaya ringspot virus (PRSV, 42.3%), cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV, 25.5%), cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (CCYV, 20.5%), and melon necrotic spot virus (MNSV, 11.1%). Virus composition exhibited pronounced spatial heterogeneity, with southern Xinjiang showing a broader spectrum of viruses and higher diversity of co-occurring infections compared with northern prefectures. Virus mixed infections (VMI) were widespread, with CMV, WMV, and ZYMV most frequently involved. Across the dataset, 90 distinct VMI patterns involving two to eight viruses were documented, and the most common combinations tended to cluster geographically within individual prefectures or across adjacent prefectures. These patterns highlight the complex, region-specific structure of melon viromes and suggest that local climatic conditions, cropping intensity, and host availability drive both virus diversity and mixed-infection dynamics. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive baseline of melon virus occurrence in Xinjiang, emphasizing the spatially structured nature of viral communities and the prevalence of mixed infections. These insights are critical for informing targeted disease management strategies, including region-specific surveillance, vector control, and the development of multi-virus-resistant melon cultivars.","PeriodicalId":20063,"journal":{"name":"Plant disease","volume":" ","pages":"3613-3621"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146257919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cover Crop Impacts Fusarium Head Blight Incidence and Mycotoxin Contamination of Cannabis sativa. 覆盖作物对大麻赤霉病发病率和霉菌毒素污染的影响

IF 2.8 2区农林科学

Plant disease Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-03 DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-02-26-0295-RE

Henry Smith, Annika Church, Robert Pearce, Misbakhul Munir, Edward Dixon, Nicole Ward Gauthier

{"title":"Cover Crop Impacts Fusarium Head Blight Incidence and Mycotoxin Contamination of Cannabis sativa.","authors":"Henry Smith, Annika Church, Robert Pearce, Misbakhul Munir, Edward Dixon, Nicole Ward Gauthier","doi":"10.1094/PDIS-02-26-0295-RE","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PDIS-02-26-0295-RE","url":null,"abstract":"Hemp has been commercially produced in Kentucky since federal reintroduction in 2018. Fusarium head blight (FHB) is among the most detrimental diseases encountered in Kentucky hemp production. Growers are heavily reliant on cultural management practices to manage FHB of hemp, as resistant cultivars have not been identified and fungicide options are limited. A 2-year multisite field trial was conducted in 2024 and 2025 to determine whether cover crop preceding hemp influenced Fusarium graminearum inoculum load and FHB incidence as well as mycotoxin contamination. Hemp that was no-till planted following a wheat cover crop was exposed to more inoculum than hemp no-till planted into mustard or planted following conventional tillage. In addition, the hemp following wheat had the highest levels of FHB incidence and F. graminearum DNA and mycotoxins in the harvested grain. The mycotoxin contamination levels observed in 2024 were above the advisory limits set for other crops. The results from this study indicate that cultural management practices such as tillage or cover cropping can have significant impacts on FHB in hemp production.","PeriodicalId":20063,"journal":{"name":"Plant disease","volume":" ","pages":"3946-3953"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147463663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Host Range and Chemical Control of Cercospora citrullina, the Causal Agent of Watermelon Spot Disease. 西瓜斑病病原瓜尾孢虫的寄主范围及化学防治。

IF 2.8 2区农林科学

Plant disease Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-08 DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-11-25-2215-RE

Haiyan Wang, Younghoon Park, Honglei Li, Yuxuan Cao, Changsheng Wang, Zijian Lv, Zhaoli Kang, Buhaliqi Sidike, Bingkui Jin

{"title":"Host Range and Chemical Control of Cercospora citrullina, the Causal Agent of Watermelon Spot Disease.","authors":"Haiyan Wang, Younghoon Park, Honglei Li, Yuxuan Cao, Changsheng Wang, Zijian Lv, Zhaoli Kang, Buhaliqi Sidike, Bingkui Jin","doi":"10.1094/PDIS-11-25-2215-RE","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PDIS-11-25-2215-RE","url":null,"abstract":"This study systematically evaluated cultivation requirements, host range, and chemical control options for Cercospora citrullina causing watermelon spot disease. Among 11 chemically defined media tested, corn meal agar medium supported optimal mycelial growth of C. citrullina, with an average radial growth rate of 56.72 ± 1.45 mm under controlled conditions (25°C, darkness). Host range determination via artificial inoculation of 19 plant species confirmed that the host range of the strain UNL090101 is limited to the Cucurbitaceae species tested, with watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) exhibiting the highest susceptibility, followed by melon (Cucumis melo) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus). Fungicide screening of 17 commercial formulations identified 40% iminoctadine tris (albesilate) WP (EC50 = 2.82 μg·liter-1) and 64% mancozeb + 8% cymoxanil (WS) (EC50 = 48.75 μg·liter-1) as the most effective treatments, achieving control efficacies of 74.47 and 58.62%, respectively. These findings provide actionable guidelines for optimizing crop rotation, intercropping strategies, and fungicide selection in watermelon production systems.","PeriodicalId":20063,"journal":{"name":"Plant disease","volume":" ","pages":"3832-3838"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147628256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Planting Date Impacts Disease Progression and Yield of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) Grown in the Northern Great Plains. 种植日期对北方大平原鹰嘴豆（Cicer arietinum L.）病害进展和产量的影响。

IF 2.8 2区农林科学

Plant disease Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-08 DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-12-25-2463-RE

Frankie K Crutcher, Audrey K Kalil, Marie D Dorval, John Teixeira, Patrick M Carr, Eric D Eriksmoen, John R Rickertsen, Kent A McVay, Simon I Fordyce, Qasim A Kahn, Erin E Gunnink Troth, Edson Ncube

{"title":"Planting Date Impacts Disease Progression and Yield of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) Grown in the Northern Great Plains.","authors":"Frankie K Crutcher, Audrey K Kalil, Marie D Dorval, John Teixeira, Patrick M Carr, Eric D Eriksmoen, John R Rickertsen, Kent A McVay, Simon I Fordyce, Qasim A Kahn, Erin E Gunnink Troth, Edson Ncube","doi":"10.1094/PDIS-12-25-2463-RE","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PDIS-12-25-2463-RE","url":null,"abstract":"Production of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) has expanded in Montana and North Dakota due to its ability to thrive in semiarid conditions as well as its use in crop rotations to disrupt disease cycles in small grains and other pulse crops. However, the high degree of susceptibility of this crop to soilborne and foliar diseases is a major production constraint. Avoiding cool soil temperatures by delaying planting is a strategy to reduce potential yield loss to Pythium seed rot and damping-off in chickpea, but effects on Ascochyta foliar blight (AB) are unknown. Within the United States, chickpea planting dates are dictated by crop insurance restrictions which have not been updated in many years. A study was conducted at six locations in Montana and North Dakota from 2021 through 2023 to determine how delaying planting affected chickpea seed yield and quality, including test weight and protein. Additionally, we assessed seedling emergence, AB foliar disease, seed size, and seed infection to determine if delayed planting improved disease management. For all site-years in which AB was present, delayed planting by 2 to 3 weeks resulted in less disease but negatively impacted yield (P < 0.05). Effects of fungicide applications and variety were also examined and did have effects on other metrics but did not significantly impact yield or disease. The results of this research support the current practice of early planting to avoid late-season drought in Montana, North Dakota, and similar semiarid environments where alternative strategies are available to manage disease.","PeriodicalId":20063,"journal":{"name":"Plant disease","volume":" ","pages":"4085-4092"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147675678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identification of Melon Severe Mosaic Virus (Orthotospovirus melotessellati) in Cucurbits in Mississippi Highlights the Need for Routine Virus Monitoring with Assays Targeting Multiple Viruses. 在密西西比州瓜类中鉴定出甜瓜严重花叶病毒，强调了对多种病毒进行常规病毒监测的必要性。

IF 2.8 2区农林科学

Plant disease Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-15 DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-06-25-1154-SC

Rebecca A Melanson, Carol Chen, Kristian A Stevens, Laura Jenkins Hladky, Maher Al Rwahnih, William M Wintermantel

{"title":"Identification of Melon Severe Mosaic Virus (Orthotospovirus melotessellati) in Cucurbits in Mississippi Highlights the Need for Routine Virus Monitoring with Assays Targeting Multiple Viruses.","authors":"Rebecca A Melanson, Carol Chen, Kristian A Stevens, Laura Jenkins Hladky, Maher Al Rwahnih, William M Wintermantel","doi":"10.1094/PDIS-06-25-1154-SC","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PDIS-06-25-1154-SC","url":null,"abstract":"Melon severe mosaic virus (MSMV; Orthotospovirus melotessellati) was identified in a pumpkin plant collected in Mississippi during the fall of 2022; the plant exhibited mosaic symptoms, an alligator-skin pattern, and frilly edges on leaves, symptoms typical of cucurbit plants infected with widely prevalent cucurbit-infecting viruses in the United States. High-throughput sequencing was used for virus identification after routine assays for five widely prevalent mosaic-inducing viruses were negative. Screening of stored nucleic acid extracts from 53 additional cucurbit plants collected from Mississippi in 2021 and 2022 using RT-PCR assays revealed two additional positives for MSMV from 2022. MSMV was confirmed in the three positive samples using RT-qPCR and RT-PCR with amplicon sequencing. These results indicate that MSMV was present in the United States at least one year prior to its first report in the country. This example in cucurbits illustrates the importance of seeking diagnoses for plants exhibiting symptoms typical of commonly observed virus diseases as well as the need for routine virus monitoring with diagnostic assays capable of detecting multiple viruses, including exotic viruses. This approach allows for more rapid detection of virus introductions and, with appropriate action, could prevent or limit their establishment and spread in any given location or country.","PeriodicalId":20063,"journal":{"name":"Plant disease","volume":" ","pages":"3607-3612"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147616492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0