Plant disease最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating Oomycete Pathogen and Community Responses to Chemical- and Slow Sand Filtration-Based Water Treatment Strategies to Enable Water Recycling in Nursery Production Systems.","authors":"Johanna Del Castillo Múnera, Justine Beaulieu, Neelam R Redekar, Claudia Delgado, Joyce L Eberhart, Jennifer L Parke, Sam Hasselhoff, Mengjun Hu, Cassandra L Swett","doi":"10.1094/PDIS-12-23-2738-RE","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PDIS-12-23-2738-RE","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although recycling irrigation water can reduce water use constraints and costs in nurseries, adoption is hindered by the associated risk of recirculating and spreading waterborne pathogens. To enable regional water reuse, this study assessed oomycete recirculation risks and recycled water treatment efficacy at organismal and community scales. In culture-based analysis of recycled pond water at two Mid-Atlantic nurseries across 3 years, diverse oomycetes (12+ species) were detected using culture-based analysis, with <i>Phytopythium helicoides</i> as the dominant species; MiSeq analysis detected eight of these species, plus 24 additional taxa. Oomycete contamination risk and detection abilities in recycled water was highest in fall and/or spring based on species richness (<i>P =</i> 0.001). Four species, <i>Pythium oopapillum</i>, <i>Pythium</i> aff. <i>diclinum</i>, <i>Phytophthora cryptogea</i> complex, and <i>Phytopythium helicoides</i>, were pathogenic to seedlings (90% damping off) and mature chrysanthemum plants, causing decline in more plants than negative controls (<i>P =</i> 0.025)-these species thus represented the known pathogen targets for recaptured water treatment. Slow sand filtration (SSF) of recaptured water resulted in an 85% or greater reduction in oomycete recovery from baits across months, although detection in greenhouse water following treatment indicated reintroduction challenges. MiSeq analysis indicated that SSF altered relative species abundances, which decreased for two species and increased for three species, including one putative pathogen, after SSF (<i>P <</i> 0.05). Chlorine treatment reduced recovery of oomycetes from baits by at least 75%, although diversity increased, as did relative abundance of several species, including one putative pathogen (<i>P <</i> 0.05). Together, these results indicate that SSF and chlorination have potential efficacy in enabling irrigation water recycling in nursery production, although system modifications are needed to improve treatment efficacy and prevent pathogen reintroduction after treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":20063,"journal":{"name":"Plant disease","volume":" ","pages":"PDIS12232738RE"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Novel Multiplex TaqMan Probe qPCR Assay Distinguishing Dikaryotic ITS rDNA Types of <i>Sclerotium rolfsii</i> (<i>=Agroathelia rolfsii</i>) and <i>S. delphinii</i>.","authors":"Dong Jae Lee, Young-Joon Choi","doi":"10.1094/PDIS-01-24-0250-SR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-01-24-0250-SR","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Sclerotium</i> <i>rolfsii</i> (=<i>Agroathelia rolfsii</i>) and <i>S. delphinii</i> are globally ubiquitous and prevalent soilborne pathogens. These species are distinguishable by the morphology of their sclerotia formed on artificial media. However, this distinction requires prior pure isolation, complicating direct identification from diseased plants or soil samples. Additionally, each species contains two distinct internal transcribed spacer (ITS) ribosomal DNA types in a dikaryotic cell, further complicating their identification through sequence analysis. To address this issue, we developed a novel multiplex qPCR method utilizing TaqMan probes and primers. This method specifically targets the two ITS types unique to each species, effectively distinguishing between these pathogens and differentiating them from nontarget soilborne fungal and oomycete pathogens. Its efficiency and sensitivity were confirmed through their detections in artificially inoculated plants and soil samples. Our multiplex qPCR technique offers a precise and reliable approach for the simultaneous detection and differentiation of <i>S. rolfsii</i> and <i>S. delphinii</i>, significantly improving disease surveillance and facilitating timely, effective disease management.</p>","PeriodicalId":20063,"journal":{"name":"Plant disease","volume":" ","pages":"PDIS01240250SR"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144699202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field Assessment of Turkish Fir (<i>Abies bornmuelleriana</i>) Resistance to Five Root-Rotting Phytophthora Species.","authors":"Kathleen M McKeever, Jeremy S Johnson, Gary A Chastagner","doi":"10.1094/PDIS-08-24-1679-RE","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PDIS-08-24-1679-RE","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Turkish fir (<i>Abies bornmuelleriana</i>) has been evaluated as a Phytophthora root rot (PRR)-resistant alternative to other PRR-susceptible <i>Abies</i> Christmas tree species. Although Turkish fir survival under heavy PRR disease pressure exceeds that of other host species, previous research has suggested that there may be variability in resistance owing to pedigree, ambient environment, and <i>Phytophthora</i> species. To assess differences in PRR survival in the field, 36 open-pollinated families of Turkish fir were challenged with a mixture of five species of <i>Phytophthora</i> under conditions conducive for disease. Seedlings were grown from seed that was gathered during a provenance collection effort from three provinces in Turkey. At the collection locations in each province, mother trees were located along an altitudinal gradient. The goals for this study included determining Turkish fir resistance in comparison with susceptible fir species, evaluating phenotype among Turkish fir families, assessing whether differences in phenotypes could be attributable to source location or elevation, determining whether source province or elevation influenced mortality, and comparing recovery of the five <i>Phytophthora</i> species used as inoculum. Turkish fir was demonstrated to be more resistant than noble fir (<i>A. procera</i>) or Fraser fir (<i>A. fraseri</i>) under the experimental conditions. Among the 36 Turkish fir families, 6 had a significantly lower probability of PRR mortality compared with all other families; half of these families were from the Karabük province. Similarly, Karabük province had the lowest overall mortality when family mortality proportions were totaled and compared among provinces. Evaluation of mortality among families from higher elevation sites within a province showed reduced mortality in comparison with middle and lower elevation sites, with variation among seed sources from different provinces. Among the five species of <i>Phytophthora</i> bulked for inoculum, <i>P. cryptogea</i> was the predominant species recovered from dead seedlings in both years. Results suggest that Turkish fir may be a viable PRR-resistant option for utilization in the Christmas tree industry despite some variability in phenotype among family.</p>","PeriodicalId":20063,"journal":{"name":"Plant disease","volume":" ","pages":"PDIS08241679RE"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143190089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crop Rotation Effects on the Population Density of Soybean Soilborne Pathogens Under a No-Till Cropping System.","authors":"Chuntao Yin, Nathan Lahr, Apurba K Sutradhar, Shannon L Osborne, R Michael Lehman, Sharon K Schneider","doi":"10.1094/PDIS-09-24-1953-RE","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PDIS-09-24-1953-RE","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soilborne diseases are persistent problems in soybean production. Long-term crop rotation can contribute to soilborne disease management. However, the response of soilborne pathogens to crop rotation is inconsistent, and rotation efficacy is highly variable. Selection of proper crop plants and crop sequences for disease management is needed. In this research, the effects of crop rotation on soybean soilborne pathogens were evaluated in a long-term no-till crop rotation field trial in South Dakota. Five rotation treatments were evaluated in this field trial, including corn-soybean (<i>Zea mays</i> L., <i>Glycine max</i> [L.] Merr.), corn-soybean-spring wheat-pea (wheat: <i>Triticum aestivum</i> L., pea: <i>Pisum sativum</i> subsp. <i>arvense</i> [L.] Asch.), corn-soybean-spring wheat-sunflower (sunflower: <i>Helianthus annuus</i> L.), corn-oat-winter wheat-soybean (oat: <i>Avena sativa</i> L.), and corn-pea-winter wheat-soybean (CPWwS). Six soilborne pathogens that consistently threaten U.S. soybean production were quantified in the field soils using quantitative PCR or egg extraction for soybean cyst nematode. Three soilborne pathogens, <i>Macrophomina phaseolina</i>, <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>, and <i>Pythium irregulare</i>, were detected, whereas the population density of <i>F. graminearum</i> and <i>F. virguliforme</i> was not measurable in the soil samples. The number of soybean cyst nematode eggs or juveniles was zero or very low in all soil samples. Overall, crop rotation treatments affected the population density of three detected pathogens but varied by crop phase, year, and pathogen species. The population density of three detected pathogens was positively correlated with soil temperature but negatively correlated with soil volumetric water content. Notably, the CPWwS rotation treatment had a consistently lower <i>M. phaseolina</i> population compared with the other rotation treatments, regardless of crop phase and year. This study provided potential crop sequences that limit soilborne pathogen populations in the soil and may reduce disease incidence on the host crops.</p>","PeriodicalId":20063,"journal":{"name":"Plant disease","volume":" ","pages":"PDIS09241953RE"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence, Distribution, and Pathogenicity of Fungi Growing on Sugar Beet Roots on Top of Outdoor Piles in Idaho.","authors":"Carl Alan Strausbaugh","doi":"10.1094/PDIS-12-24-2663-RE","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PDIS-12-24-2663-RE","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sugar beet roots in Idaho are held under ambient conditions in outdoor storage piles, which can lead to fungal growth and rot and substantial sucrose loss. Thus, the incidence, distribution, and pathogenicity of fungi associated with fungal growth on the surface of sugar beet roots on top of outdoor piles was investigated. The surface fungal growth on sugar beet roots held on top of 14 Idaho outdoor piles (tarped ventilated [TV] piles and piles with no tarps or ventilation [NTV] at seven locations) was assessed in 2018 to 2019 and 2019 to 2020. <i>Cladosporium</i> spp. were the only fungi covering more than 1% of the root surface (2 to 48%) on top of NTV piles both years, with the most frequently isolated species being <i>C. cladosporioides</i>, <i>C. macrocarpon</i>, and <i>C. subtilissimum</i> in both years. On TV piles, <i>Cladosporium</i> spp. (13 to 60%) were also dominant, but <i>Penicillium</i> spp. (0 to 35%), an <i>Athelia</i>-like basidiomycete (0 to 2%), and <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> (0 to 2%) were also frequently present. In the plug assay to test pathogenicity, <i>B. cinerea</i> caused the most rot (<i>P</i> < 0.0001; average 31 to 32 mm of rot), followed by <i>Penicillium</i> spp. (<i>P. expansum</i>, 14 to 22 mm; <i>P. polonicum</i>, 14 to 16 mm; and <i>P. cellarum</i>, 10 mm). Although <i>Cladosporium</i> spp. caused little or no rot (0 to 2 mm), workers should be cautious on or around sugar beet piles because a number of the <i>Cladosporium</i> spp. are established to be associated with human clinical samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":20063,"journal":{"name":"Plant disease","volume":" ","pages":"PDIS12242663RE"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142984491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved Methodologies to Inoculate <i>Fusarium</i> spp. in <i>Coffea canephora</i>.","authors":"Matheus Ricardo da Rocha, Mila Letice Sangali Mattos Ferreira, Karina Peres Gramacho, Cecilia Chagas de Freitas, André da Silva Xavier, Fábio Ramos Alves, Simone de Paiva Caetano Bucker Moraes, Wanderson Bucker Moraes, Willian Bucker Moraes","doi":"10.1094/PDIS-01-24-0241-SR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-01-24-0241-SR","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stem canker of coffee (SCC) is caused by <i>Fusarium solani</i>, <i>F. decemcellulare</i>, and <i>F. lateritium</i>, which induces symptoms such as cankers, wilting, yellowing, and dieback of plagiotropic and orthotropic twigs, leading to the death of the coffee plants. The absence of a standardized inoculation method to assess the disease hampers the development and implementation of effective strategies to manage and mitigate the impact of SCC. This study evaluated the efficacy of three inoculation methods in inducing SCC, and it was carried out in both laboratory and greenhouse conditions. The conidial inoculation on leaf disks (CILD) method involved applying a spore suspension (1 × 10⁶ spores ml^-1) of <i>F. solani</i>, <i>F. decemcellulare</i>, and <i>F. lateritium</i> to foliar disks from young and fully expanded leaves. The mycelial inoculation in injured stems (MIIS) method utilized the mycelial plug of <i>F. solani</i>, which was inserted in longitudinal cuts of clones LB1 and CV02 seedlings. In the root immersion conidial inoculation (RICI) method, seedling roots of clones LB1 and CV02 were cut 1 cm above the root cap and immersed in a spore suspension of <i>F. solani</i> (1 × 10⁶ spores ml^-1). Each treatment was evaluated daily for disease symptoms and signs of <i>F. solani</i>. The CILD approach proved to be an excellent time-saving tool in this investigation, and MIIS the most efficient to induce SCC symptoms. After 8 to 11 postinoculation days, wilting, yellowing, necrosis in the inoculated region, cankers, and signs of <i>F. solani</i> were observed on studied clones. The RICI method induced yellowing only 180 days after inoculation.</p>","PeriodicalId":20063,"journal":{"name":"Plant disease","volume":" ","pages":"PDIS01240241SR"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144643139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Pseudocercospora fengxinensis</i>, a New Species Causing Sooty Spot of Kiwifruit in China.","authors":"Yuzhuan Hu, Xinen Yuan, Shuyuan Cheng, Bing Liu, Jinyi Zhang, Zhen Peng, Xinyu Gao, Junxi Jiang, Guihong Xiong","doi":"10.1094/PDIS-12-24-2578-SR","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PDIS-12-24-2578-SR","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Pseudocercospora</i> is a large cosmopolitan genus of plant pathogenic fungi that are commonly associated with leaf and fruit spots as well as blights on a wide range of plant hosts. <i>P. actinidiae</i> is a member of this genus, causing sooty spot on kiwifruit worldwide. With the expansion of kiwifruit cultivation, the incidence of sooty spot has become severe in Fengxin County, Jiangxi Province, China. Based on a survey conducted in 2022 across nine kiwifruit cultivars in six local orchards, the results showed that the disease incidence was higher in 'Donghong', 'Jinyan', 'Jinkui', 'Fenghuang No. 1', and 'Jinguo'. In contrast, it was lower in 'Gold3' and 'Hongshi No. 2'. No lesions were observed on 'Kuilv' and 'Miliang No. 1'. Thirty-one fungal strains were isolated from infected leaves using single-spore isolation. Phylogenetic analysis of combined sequence data from the internal transcribed spacer region of ribosomal DNA (ITS), partial actin (<i>actA</i>), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (<i>tef1</i>), and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (<i>rpb2</i>) sequence data, using maximum-likelihood and Bayesian inference, revealed their taxonomic placement within <i>Pseudocercospora</i>. Both morphological and molecular phylogenetic analysis supported <i>Pseudocercospora fengxinensis</i> as a new taxon within <i>Pseudocercospora</i>. Pathogenicity tests confirmed <i>P. fengxinensis</i> as the causal agent of sooty spot on kiwifruit. This study is the first report of <i>P. fengxinensis</i> causing sooty spot of kiwifruit worldwide, enriching our understanding of <i>Pseudocercospora</i> diversity in China and providing a foundation for improved disease management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20063,"journal":{"name":"Plant disease","volume":" ","pages":"PDIS12242578SR"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142953095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic Exploration, Evaluation, and Application of Significant Loci for Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in Wheat.","authors":"Peng Jiang, Lei Wu, Chang Li, Yongchao Hao, Yi He, Peng Zhang, Hongwei Wang, Xu Zhang","doi":"10.1094/PDIS-10-24-2115-RE","DOIUrl":"10.1094/PDIS-10-24-2115-RE","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fusarium head blight (FHB), a serious disease in wheat, causes significant reductions in grain yield and quality worldwide. Marker-assisted selection can provide an effective tool for improving FHB resistance. Although many quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with resistance to FHB have been reported, few loci are currently available in breeding programs. The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China are areas that historically have experienced FHB epidemics, so that some local varieties may contain some valuable genes providing FHB resistance. In this study, association mapping was performed using 103 locally cultivated varieties, and a previous QTL mapping using a recombinant inbred line population from two locally popular parents, specifically Ningmai 9 and Yangmai 158, was integrated to identify nine candidate intervals. The corresponding kompetitive allele-specific PCR markers associated with FHB resistance were successfully developed and validated in 611 breeding lines. Four loci, namely <i>QFhb.jaas-2D</i>, <i>QFhb.jaas-3A</i>, <i>QFhb.jaas-5A.2</i>, and <i>QFhb.jaas-6D</i>, proved to be significantly related to FHB resistance in addition to <i>Fhb1</i>, and they could provide good resistance to FHB in the absence of <i>Fhb1</i>; the combination of multiple loci could produce a more stable resistance. These five markers were then applied in 211 breeding lines, and many resistance lines were obtained with different combinations of resistance loci. Additionally, <i>QFhb.jaas-3A</i> proved to be a highly selected locus, and eight differential genes in its interval were identified by genome and transcriptome analysis. This study provides additional gene resources and materials that could be used in FHB resistance breeding in wheat.</p>","PeriodicalId":20063,"journal":{"name":"Plant disease","volume":" ","pages":"PDIS10242115RE"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143710876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection and quantification of potato spindle tuber viroid in wild and cultivated potatoes using a new validated RT-qPCR method.","authors":"Mercedes Ames, Andy Hamernik, James Busse, Dennis Halterman, Paul C Bethke","doi":"10.1094/PDIS-12-24-2625-SR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-12-24-2625-SR","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Potato (Solanum tuberosum), as an internationally traded, global crop, is exposed to a wide range of diseases that cause economic losses. Economically important pathogens include oomycetes, fungi, viruses, bacteria, and viroids. Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) is a small, circular, single stranded RNA with autonomous replication that infects potato, causes tuber deformations, reduces yield and is readily transmitted from one generation to the next through seed potatoes and botanical zygotic seeds. PSTVd has been controlled effectively in some countries by implementing stringent seed potato certification and field management procedures. PSTVd persists in many other parts of the world, however, and infrequent detections of PSTVd continue to occur in locations where the viroid was thought to be absent. Analytical assays to detect PSTVd have been developed, but these assays have not been validated to establish their level of confidence and fit of purpose. In this manuscript, we describe an RT-qPCR method that allows for PSTVd diagnostics and quantitative monitoring. The method was validated following the Guidelines for the Validation of Analytical Methods for the Detection of Microbial Pathogens in Foods and Feeds and literature recommendations for a single laboratory (Tier 1 validation). The method was used to determine the infection status of 208 potato plants from 10 species that might have been in contact with PSTVd-positive plants in an greenhouse experimental environment. PSTVd abundance at different locations within individual plants was quantified and these data showed that PSTVd titer can vary widely within the shoot system of a single plant. The validated method can detect and quantify PSTVd in true potato seed, but reliable detection in single seeds depends on viroid amount.</p>","PeriodicalId":20063,"journal":{"name":"Plant disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144643109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fast detection of <i>Plenodomus tracheiphilus</i>, the causal agent of Citrus Mal Secco Disease, by real time loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay.","authors":"Emna Yahyaoui, Andrea Giovanni Caruso, Graziella Agrò, Grazia Licciardello, Paola Caruso, Silvia Di Silvestro, Livio Torta, Patrizia Bella, Salvatore Walter Davino, Stefano Panno","doi":"10.1094/PDIS-03-25-0683-SR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-03-25-0683-SR","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Citrus mal secco is a destructive tracheomycotic disease caused by mitosporic fungus Plenodomus tracheiphilus (Petri) Gruyter, Aveskamp, and Verkley, severely affecting cultivated citrus species, particularly lemon trees in the Mediterranean region. A novel diagnostic assay based on real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) was developed for the rapid detection of P. tracheiphilus. A set of six LAMP primers was designed to specifically target a 204-nucleotide sequence within the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region of nuclear rRNA genes. The assay's sensitivity, specificity, exclusivity and inclusivity were evaluated on a panel of 21 isolates and compared with conventional PCR and the real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). Results showed that the developed real-time LAMP assay could rapidly detect the pathogen genomic DNA within only 15 minutes, with no registered cross-reactivity with non-target fungal isolated from citrus plants or Citrus species. Moreover, reliable amplification was achieved using minimally processed samples. Specifically, two rapid extraction methods have been tested for an in-field plant diagnosis of P. tracheiphilus directly from the leaf surface. Overall, the developed real-time LAMP assay provides a potential tool for a quick, simple, specific and sensitive detection of P. tracheiphilus, allowing an early disease prediction and reducing the risk of epidemics.</p>","PeriodicalId":20063,"journal":{"name":"Plant disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144643111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}