Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements最新文献

{"title":"Optimization and performance evaluation of PET-SiO2 polymer-modified geopolymer concrete employing integrated RSM-ANN approach","authors":"Prabha G. (Conceptualization Formal analysis Methodology Writing – original draft) ,&nbsp;Elaiyarasan U. (Data curation Investigation Project administration Supervision Validation Writing – review & editing) ,&nbsp;Visagan A. (Resources Software Validation Writing – review & editing) ,&nbsp;Senthilkumar P. (Investigation Validation Writing – review & editing) ,&nbsp;Senthilkumar N. (Formal analysis Validation Writing – review & editing)","doi":"10.1080/10426507.2026.2634948","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10426507.2026.2634948","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research investigated the optimization and prediction analysis of mechanical characteristics of PET-SiO₂ polymer-modified geopolymer concrete (GPC) using response surface methodology (RSM) integrated with artificial neural network (ANN). The mixture effects of PET-SiO₂ volume (V_p), ratio of activator (R_a), and curing period (C_p) on compressive strength (CS) and flexural strength (FS) have been studied using RSM-based Box–Behnken design. The developed mathematical model for CS and FS exhibited strong predictive accuracy with R² value of 99.87% and 99.67%, respectively. The composite desirability optimization results revealed that the identified optimal parameters of 5.7 g, 1.995, and 7.02 days attained the maximum CS of 40.33 MPa and FS of 4.93 MPa, which was close to the RSM values with a minimal error of 2.21% and 1.45%, respectively. Additionally, validation iteration was carried out to confirm the reliability and robustness of the developed model. The feedforward backpropagation-based ANN was proposed to train, test, and validate the model of CS and FS. The ANN results revealed the correlation coefficient of 0.9881 which was close to the RSM regression model, demonstrating its excellent predictive capability. The findings concluded that addition of PET- SiO₂ polymer acted as effective strategy to enhance the mechanical properties and matrix densification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20056,"journal":{"name":"Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements","volume":"201 6","pages":"Pages 884-896"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148207951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated approach to synthesis and photocatalytic dye degradation using P-TiO2 coupled with carbon-based photo responsive materials","authors":"Mehmoona Safeer (Methodology) ,&nbsp;Wajid Rehman (Conceptualization Formal analysis Investigation Project administration Supervision Writing – original draft) ,&nbsp;Mohsan Nawaz (Data curation) ,&nbsp;Ashwag S. Alanazi ,&nbsp;Muhammad Shakeel (Investigation) ,&nbsp;Liaqat Rasheed (Visualization Writing – review & editing) ,&nbsp;Mohammed M. Alanazi","doi":"10.1080/10426507.2026.2632948","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10426507.2026.2632948","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the development of an efficient and low-cost photocatalyst based on phosphorus-doped titanium dioxide (P-TiO₂) combined with graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) for enhanced visible-light-driven dye degradation. The photocatalyst was synthesized <em>via</em> a simple sol–gel method using naturally abundant and environmentally friendly precursors. The research addresses key challenges in photocatalysis, namely the limited visible light absorption and rapid electron–hole recombination of TiO₂. Phosphorus doping effectively narrowed the band gap of TiO₂ to ∼2.7 eV, enabling stronger visible-light absorption and improved charge separation. Incorporation of g-C₃N₄ further enhanced charge transfer efficiency and increased the surface area for photocatalytic reactions. Among the prepared materials, the P-TiO₂/g-C₃N₄ composite demonstrated superior performance, achieving up to 90% degradation of Methylene Blue (MB) and Rhodamine B (RhB) at low concentrations, and maintaining more than 70% efficiency at higher concentrations. The catalyst also exhibited high activity toward Methyl Orange (MO) and Aniline degradation. Optimization studies revealed that the best photocatalytic efficiency was obtained under alkaline conditions (pH 10–12), at 55 °C, and with increased catalyst loading. Furthermore, the composite showed excellent stability and reusability over multiple cycles, confirming its suitability for long-term use. Overall, this work introduces a novel, sustainable photocatalyst with enhanced visible-light activity, offering a promising and eco-friendly approach for dye pollutant removal and solar-driven environmental remediation applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20056,"journal":{"name":"Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements","volume":"201 6","pages":"Pages 840-854"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148207984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design, synthesis and structural characterization of phenol derivatives of monospiro(N/N)cyclotriphosphazene compound","authors":"Saliha Begeç (Conceptualization Data curation Formal analysis Funding acquisition Investigation Methodology Project administration Resources Software Supervision Validation Visualization Writing – original draft Writing – review & editing)","doi":"10.1080/10426507.2026.2642853","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10426507.2026.2642853","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this present study, monospirocyclotriphosphazenes containing <em>N,N</em>-diisopropylpropane-1,3-diamino and phenoxy (-O-C₆H₄-R, R = H, Br, CHO, Bu<em>^t</em>) substituents were synthesized and their structural properties were investigated. For the synthesis of these compounds, the monospirocyclotriphosphazene 2,2-N₃P₃[N(<em>i</em>-Pr)CH₂CH₂CH₂N(<em>i</em>-Pr)]Cl₄ (<strong>1</strong>) was first prepared from the reaction of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene (HCCP, N₃P₃Cl₆) with <em>N,N</em>-diisopropylpropane-1,3-diamine in dichloromethane (CH₂Cl₂, DCM). Subsequently, compound <strong>1</strong> was allowed to react with the phenols <em>p</em>-R-C₆H₄-OH (R = H (<strong>2</strong>), Br (<strong>3</strong>), CHO (<strong>4</strong>), Bu<em>^t</em> (<strong>5</strong>)). The nucleophilic substitution reactions of monospirophosphazene <strong>1</strong> with phenols <strong>2–5</strong> were carried out in the presence of cesium carbonate (Cs₂CO₃), affording the new monospirocyclotriphosphazenes (<strong>6, 7a</strong>,<strong>b</strong> and <strong>9</strong>) in acetone, and <strong>8</strong> in tetrahydrofuran (THF). All synthesized compounds were obtained under ambient atmospheric conditions without the use of an inert atmosphere. The formation of the phenol-substituted monospirophosphazenes (<strong>6</strong>, <strong>7a</strong>,<strong>b</strong>, <strong>8</strong> and <strong>9</strong>) was monitored by ³¹P{¹H} NMR spectroscopy of the reaction mixtures. The pure monospirophosphazenes (<strong>6, 7a, 8</strong> and <strong>9</strong>) were characterized by elemental analysis, as well as by ¹H,¹³C, and ³¹P NMR spectroscopy. In addition, the identities of <strong>7a</strong> and <strong>8</strong> were confirmed by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Two of these compounds were obtained as fully substituted derivativers, 2,2-N₃P₃[N(<em>i</em>-Pr)CH₂CH₂CH₂N(<em>i</em>-Pr)](OC₆H₄R)₄ (<strong>7a</strong> (R = Br)<strong>, 8</strong> (R = CHO) while the other three were obtained as partially substituted products 2,2-N₃P₃[N(<em>i</em>-Pr)CH₂CH₂CH₂N(<em>i</em>-Pr)](OC₆H₄R)₃Cl [<strong>6</strong> (R = H)<strong>, 7b</strong> (R = Br)<strong>, 9</strong> (R = Bu^t)]. The partially substituted compounds <strong>6</strong>, <strong>7b</strong> and <strong>9</strong> contain a stereogenic phosphorus center.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20056,"journal":{"name":"Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements","volume":"201 6","pages":"Pages 949-956"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148207928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis, characterization, and structural analysis of bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane nickel(II) diethyldithiocarbamate","authors":"Mohammad El-khateeb (Conceptualization Data curation Formal analysis Funding acquisition Methodology Validation Writing – original draft) ,&nbsp;Hayato Moriyama (Data curation) ,&nbsp;Yukihiro Yoshida (Formal analysis Writing – original draft) ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Kitagawa (Supervision)","doi":"10.1080/10426507.2026.2640173","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10426507.2026.2640173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nickel dithiocarbamato complex [Ni(S₂CNEt₂-<em>κ²S,S’</em>)(PPh₂C₂H₄PPh₂-<em>κ²P,P’</em>)]PF₆ has been synthesized <em>via</em> a ligand substitution reaction between the precursor complex (Ph₂PC₂H₄PPh₂-<em>κ²P,P’</em>)NiCl₂ and sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (Et₂NCS₂Na) in the presence of KPF₆. The resulting complex was characterized using infrared (IR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H,³¹P NMR) spectroscopy, and ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, which confirm the successful coordination of the dithiocarbamato ligands. The molecular structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, revealing a square-planar coordination geometry around the nickel(II) center. Intramolecular interactions are observed between the fluorine atoms of the PF₆^⁻ anion and the protons of the ethyl groups. Additionally, the ethyl protons engage in weak C–H···Cl interactions with the chlorine atom of the coordinated CHCl₃ molecule. These results highlight the stability and structural features of the dithiocarbamate complex within a diphosphine-supported nickel framework.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20056,"journal":{"name":"Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements","volume":"201 6","pages":"Pages 904-909"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148207933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and synthesis of new bis(α-aminophosphonates) via ultrasound-driven nano-BF3·SiO2 catalysis targeting α-amylase inhibition: In silico ADME and molecular docking study","authors":"Meson Haji Basha (Investigation Writing – original draft) ,&nbsp;Kammela Prasada Rao (Investigation Project administration Supervision) ,&nbsp;Chennamsetty Subramanyam (Data curation Formal analysis Resources) ,&nbsp;Gopisetty Ratala Satyanarayana (Resources Software) ,&nbsp;C. Gladis Raja Malar (Formal analysis) ,&nbsp;Shaik Bajivali (Software) ,&nbsp;Purimitla Satyanarayana (Resources) ,&nbsp;Vedula Naga Lakshmi (Software) ,&nbsp;Seelam Mohan (Resources)","doi":"10.1080/10426507.2026.2630960","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10426507.2026.2630960","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A green and efficient technique for synthesizing α-aminophosphonates (Alpha Aps) <strong>7a</strong>–<strong>j</strong> has been developed through the Kabachnik–Fields (K-F) reaction, catalyzed by nano-BF₃·SiO₂ under solvent-free ultrasonication in good yields (94–98%). Target compounds were developed and prescreened using <em>in silico</em> ADME analysis and molecular docking to establish their drug-like characteristics and potential as α-amylase inhibitors. <em>In vitro</em> α-amylase inhibition experiments were used to determine the biological activity of the produced compounds, which were further characterized structurally using spectroscopy. Compounds <strong>7h</strong> (2<em>H</em>-1,3-anthracenyl, IC₅₀ = 86.9 ± 0.4 μg/mL), <strong>7f</strong> (naphthalenyl, IC₅₀ = 89.5 ± 0.4 μg/mL), and <strong>7e</strong> (1<em>H</em>-indol-5-yl, IC₅₀ = 91.4 ± 0.2 μg/mL) outperformed the reference medication acarbose (IC₅₀ = 92.8 ± 0.6 μg). Compounds <strong>7c</strong> and <strong>7i</strong> showed inhibition comparable to acarbose, while <strong>7a</strong>, <strong>7b</strong>, <strong>7d</strong>, <strong>7 g</strong>, and <strong>7j</strong> demonstrated moderate activity (IC₅₀: 105.0–132.7 μg/mL). These findings emphasize the potential of α-aminophosphonate derivatives as next-generation α-amylase inhibitors. They also provide crucial structural insights for future diabetic medication design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20056,"journal":{"name":"Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements","volume":"201 6","pages":"Pages 825-839"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148207983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and evaluation of amine-functionalized salicylic acid loaded hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles for treatment of triple-negative breast cancer","authors":"Sureba Sukumaran (Conceptualization Data curation Formal analysis Investigation Methodology Software Validation Visualization Writing – original draft Writing – review & editing) ,&nbsp;Jyothi Kanagaraj (Data curation Formal analysis Investigation Methodology Project administration Resources Validation Visualization Writing – review & editing) ,&nbsp;Mohana Priya (Formal analysis Methodology Resources Validation Writing – original draft) ,&nbsp;Priya Rajan (Investigation Software Validation Writing – review & editing) ,&nbsp;Azar Zochedh (Conceptualization Data curation Formal analysis Investigation Methodology Project administration Resources Software Supervision Validation Visualization Writing – original draft Writing – review & editing)","doi":"10.1080/10426507.2026.2627230","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10426507.2026.2627230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive and heterogeneous malignancy characterized by the absence of estrogen, progesterone, and HER2 receptors, limiting effective targeted treatment options. In this research, we investigated the anticancer activity of salicylic acid (Sa) encapsulated through hollow mesoporous silica nanospheres (HMSN). Molecular docking was initially done to assess the interaction of Sa with the major apoptotic and proliferative targets and found considerable binding affinities that imply anticancer activity. In accordance with these <em>in silico</em> results, Sa was encapsulated into HMSN effectively to produce Sa@HMSN, and the formulation was characterized for physicochemical properties using SEM, TEM, particle size, XRD, FTIR, Zeta potential, and BET analysis. An effective drug load and pH-dependent release mechanism was observed in HMSN. <em>In vitro</em> cytotoxicity was evaluated against MDA-MB-231 cells by MTT assay, exhibiting a dose-dependent inhibition of cell viability, with Sa@HMSN exhibiting significantly higher efficacy compared to free Sa or blank HMSN. Morphological observation revealed cellular shrinkage and membrane blebbing in treated cells. Ao/EtBr dual staining indicated apoptosis, with the Sa@HMSN treated cells showing chromatin condensation and nuclear fragmentation. Further, the expression of p53 was analyzed through immunocytochemistry. The findings indicate that Sa@HMSN are a promising nanotherapeutic platform for TNBC therapy, coupling predictive docking analysis with high <em>in vitro</em> efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20056,"journal":{"name":"Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements","volume":"201 5","pages":"Pages 721-736"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148208071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A simplified method for 2-(N-aryol)benzimidazole synthesis","authors":"Ratna Babu Gunturu (Investigation Methodology) ,&nbsp;Prasanna Babu Racheeti (Investigation Methodology) ,&nbsp;Ramana Tamminana (Conceptualization Supervision Writing – original draft Writing – review & editing) ,&nbsp;Rameshraju Rudraraju (Supervision Writing – original draft)","doi":"10.1080/10426507.2026.2627268","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10426507.2026.2627268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We have developed an alternative synthetic route for the manufacturing of 2-(<em>N</em>-benzamido)benzimidazoles using a cross-coupling strategy. It is evident from the experimental results and feasible mechanism that the current method involves intra-molecular C–N cyclization. This method works very well with cheap, air-stable, and readily available iron sources as a catalyst. Furthermore, this method makes it possible to easily create a library of 2-(<em>N</em>-benzamido) benzimidazoles in moderate to high yields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20056,"journal":{"name":"Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements","volume":"201 5","pages":"Pages 737-742"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148208072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thiourea dioxide: a versatile green compound with untapped potential—a review","authors":"Farid Rahmatpour (Writing – original draft) ,&nbsp;Roya Ayazi-Nasrabadi (Conceptualization Project administration Supervision Writing – review & editing) ,&nbsp;Mahsa Ghassemi Noureini (Writing – original draft)","doi":"10.1080/10426507.2026.2613651","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10426507.2026.2613651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thiourea dioxide (TUD) is a versatile chemical that adheres to many principles of green chemistry and sustainable development in research and industrial settings. Its eco-friendly nature, high stability, low toxicity, and water solubility have rendered TUD highly effective in roles as a reducing agent in textile dyeing and paper bleaching, a green reductant in environmental remediation and materials chemistry, a regulator in controlled radical polymerization, an organocatalyst and reagent in bio-related synthesis and catalysis, and a substrate in oxidative decomposition processes. The advantages, limitations, and future prospects of TUD in each field are critically discussed to provide a clear perspective on its current status and potential for sustainable chemical processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20056,"journal":{"name":"Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements","volume":"201 5","pages":"Pages 505-530"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148208060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phospha-Mannich reactions of phosphonous acids RP(OH)2 and their derivatives","authors":"Dmitry V. Moiseev (Conceptualization Data curation Formal analysis Investigation Resources Visualization Writing – original draft Writing – review & editing)","doi":"10.1080/10426507.2026.2613659","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10426507.2026.2613659","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Primary phosphinic acids (PPAs), RPO₂H₂ (R = alkyl or aryl), are derivatives of H₃PO₂ and PCl₃. Due to acid- or base-catalyzed tautomerization to phosphonous acids RP(OH)₂, PPAs react with imine/iminium species, or their donors (phospha-Mannich reactions), to form secondary phosphinic acids with a P–C<em>_sp</em>₃–N linkage, (α-aminoalkyl)phosphinic acids. These are used, for example, to design phosphinic enzyme inhibitors, flame-retardants, and chelators of di- and tri-valent metal ions useful in metal-based (radio)pharmaceuticals, and as precursors in organic synthesis. The PCl₃-path allows for many phosphonous acid dichlorides RPCl₂ (primary dichlorophosphines) that are widely used in phospha-Mannich reactions, mainly in the presence of AcOH, bringing diversity and synthetic potential in phospha-Mannich chemistry that is particularly useful in constructing P,N,O- and P,N-heterocycles. RPCl₂ are also precursors for several trivalent derivatives of primary phosphonous acids that are available as P-components for phospha-Mannich reactions. Esters of phosphonous acids RP(OR’)₂ (also known as phosphonites and dialkoxyphosphines), similar to RPCl₂, are significantly stable than HP(OR’)₂ and participate in phospha-Mannich reactions mainly <em>via</em> Arbuzov-type intermediates (Mannich-Arbuzov reactions) that, in some cases, can form stable, reactive P,N-heterocycles useful in organic synthesis (e.g., phospha-Münchnones). Phospha-Mannich chemistry of phosphonous acid bisamides RP(NR’₂)₂ (diaminophosphines) and ester-amides RP(OR’)NR”₂ (alkoxyaminophosphines), although reported, has been studied to a lesser extent than that of RPCl₂ and RP(OR’)₂.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20056,"journal":{"name":"Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements","volume":"201 5","pages":"Pages 531-608"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148208061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catalytic efficiency of zeolite–X and its ion-exchanged forms for synthesis of 1,5-benzadiazipines","authors":"Sheikh Abdul Majid (Formal analysis Project administration Validation Writing – review & editing) ,&nbsp;Wasseem Akbar (Resources Software Writing – original draft) ,&nbsp;Bashir Ahmed (Software Writing – review & editing) ,&nbsp;Pawan Kumar (Formal analysis Investigation Resources) ,&nbsp;Masood Ayoub Kaloo (Conceptualization Methodology Supervision)","doi":"10.1080/10426507.2026.2613650","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10426507.2026.2613650","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present work, Zeolite-X {Na₈₆Al₈₆Si₁₀₄O₃₈₄ · 260 H₂O} was synthesized by the hydrothermal method and its various ion exchange forms (H⁺ &gt; Li⁺ &gt; Na⁺ &gt; K⁺ &gt; Cs⁺) were obtained by the wet method. Synthesized materials were characterized by different techniques, including Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy-dispersive analysis (EDS), NH₃-Thermal Programming Desorption (TPD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). To investigate the catalytic efficiency of Zeolite-X at room temperature, various 1,5-benzadiazepines were synthesized <em>via</em> condensation reaction between <em>o</em>-phenylenediamines (OPDA) and different ketones in acetonitrile (CH₃CN). The catalyst was found to be highly selective and applicable to cyclic as well as to acyclic ketones. The products were obtained in good to excellent yields (62.1–71.3%) and the reaction was completed by 1 h. Thus, our proposed material, Zeolite-X catalyst for synthesis of 1,5-benzadiazepines is versatile, simple and economical and an excellent addition to the synthetic chemistry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20056,"journal":{"name":"Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements","volume":"201 5","pages":"Pages 609-620"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148208062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}