Pediatrics in review最新文献_第7页

Unexplained Pediatric Ascites: Navigating a Diagnostic Maze. 不明原因的儿科腹水：导航诊断迷宫。

IF 1.6

Pediatrics in review Pub Date : 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1542/pir.2025-006958

Mossaab Hassoun, Ahmad Malas, Mohamad Hassoun

引用次数: 0

Pneumonia. 肺炎。

IF 1.5

Pediatrics in review Pub Date : 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1542/pir.2022-005629

Giancarlo Giovannini Sanguineti, Stephanie San Martin, Maria Behnam-Terneus, Beatriz Cunill-De Sautu

{"title":"Pneumonia.","authors":"Giancarlo Giovannini Sanguineti, Stephanie San Martin, Maria Behnam-Terneus, Beatriz Cunill-De Sautu","doi":"10.1542/pir.2022-005629","DOIUrl":"10.1542/pir.2022-005629","url":null,"abstract":"Pneumonia is commonly encountered in both outpatient and inpatient settings and continues to pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for pediatricians. Although bacterial, viral, and fungal pathogens can all cause pneumonia, the etiology can vary depending on the child's age, underlying chronic medical disease, and other risk factors and predictors. However, the epidemiology of pneumonia continues to be evolving given newly emerging viral etiologies and available vaccinations. The diagnosis of uncomplicated, community-acquired pneumonia continues to be based on patient history, physical exam, and clinical judgement in the outpatient setting, whereas laboratory tests and radiographic studies are more likely to be used as diagnostic adjuncts in patients requiring hospitalization. The medical management of pneumonia should be tailored based on the patient's clinical presentation and presumed etiology, immunization status, severity of illness, presence of treatment failure or complications, and local patterns of antibiotic resistance. Surgical management should be considered for patients with moderate parapneumonic effusions with worsening clinical course and with large effusions with or without loculations. Patients discharged from the hospital with a diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia should follow up with their pediatrician to ensure continued clinical improvement. Repeat chest radiographs are not routinely advised unless there is recurrent or persistent pneumonia or a suspicion for anatomical anomalies.","PeriodicalId":20007,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics in review","volume":"47 4","pages":"196-208"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147593763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Single Maintenance and Reliever Therapy for the Pediatric Patients With Asthma. 儿童哮喘患者的单一维持和缓解治疗。

IF 1.6

Pediatrics in review Pub Date : 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1542/pir.2025-006812

Mary Nguyen Jacobson, Bridgette L Jones

引用次数: 0

Fever, Transient Rash, Myalgias, Polyarthralgia, and Limp in a 9-Year-Old Girl. 发热，短暂皮疹，肌痛，多关节痛，跛行在一个9岁的女孩。

IF 1.6

Pediatrics in review Pub Date : 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1542/pir.2025-006841

Audra N Iness, Julie A Boom

引用次数: 0

Acute Oral Refusal in 4-Year-Old Girl. 4岁女童急性口腔拒绝。

IF 1.6

Pediatrics in review Pub Date : 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1542/pir.2024-006573

Quynh Pham, Alexandra Jung, Danielle Glade, Francis Onyebuchi

引用次数: 0

Previously Healthy Adolescent With Multiorgan Infarctions. 多器官梗塞的健康青少年。

IF 1.6

Pediatrics in review Pub Date : 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1542/pir.2024-006693

Kelcy McIntyre, Christy Beneri, Ken-Michael Bayle, Stuart Holzer

引用次数: 0

Single Parenting. 单一的教育。

IF 1.6

Pediatrics in review Pub Date : 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1542/pir.2025-006804

Kara Jordon

引用次数: 0

An Infant and Mother With Hypertelorism. 患有远视症的婴儿和母亲。

IF 1.6

Pediatrics in review Pub Date : 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1542/pir.2025-006743

Benjamin T Cocanougher, Marie T McDonald

引用次数: 0

Current Management of Pneumatosis Intestinalis in Children: A Review. 儿童肠性肺肿的当前管理：综述。

IF 1.5

Pediatrics in review Pub Date : 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1542/pir.2025-006987

Shachi Srivatsa, Mitchell A Rees, Jennifer H Aldrink, Kyle J Van Arendonk

{"title":"Current Management of Pneumatosis Intestinalis in Children: A Review.","authors":"Shachi Srivatsa, Mitchell A Rees, Jennifer H Aldrink, Kyle J Van Arendonk","doi":"10.1542/pir.2025-006987","DOIUrl":"10.1542/pir.2025-006987","url":null,"abstract":"Importance: Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI), defined by the presence of gas within the bowel wall, ranges in severity from a benign, incidental finding to a life-threatening condition. The true incidence in children is unclear, and standardized treatment protocols are lacking, resulting in variable management and potential for both over- and undertreatment. This review summarizes current knowledge on pediatric PI, including pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostics, treatment strategies, and risk stratification.Observations: Development of PI is multifactorial, involving mechanical, bacterial, and biochemical mechanisms. Risk factors include necrotizing enterocolitis, immunosuppressive therapy, gastrointestinal dysmotility, developmental delay, and congenital anomalies. Clinical presentation ranges from asymptomatic cases discovered incidentally to severe disease with clinical symptoms and sepsis. PI can be identified on plain radiographs, ultrasonography, and cross-sectional imaging. Abnormal complete blood counts, elevated inflammatory markers, and metabolic acidosis are markers of severity. Treatment depends on the severity and underlying cause, with conservative management indicated for stable patients and surgical intervention required for those with signs of intestinal necrosis or perforation. Risk-stratification models are necessary to guide individualized management, minimizing prolonged bowel rest and antibiotic use while ensuring timely interventions for high-risk patients.Conclusions: Managing pediatric PI requires an understanding of its diverse presentations, diagnostic methods, and treatment options. Evidence-based risk-stratification protocols could minimize practice variability and optimize care, differentiating patients who are appropriate for conservative management from those who require escalation of care. This review serves as a guide for clinicians navigating the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges associated with PI in children.","PeriodicalId":20007,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics in review","volume":"47 4","pages":"185-195"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147593770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding Pediatric Overuse Injuries: Prevention and Management. 了解儿童过度使用伤害：预防和管理。

IF 1.6

Pediatrics in review Pub Date : 2026-03-01 DOI: 10.1542/pir.2025-006814

Nailah Coleman

引用次数: 0