Pain managementPub Date : 2026-07-01Epub Date: 2026-04-19DOI: 10.1080/17581869.2026.2661844
Maja Green, Bart Billet, Maria Kappell, Shari Kappell, Krishnan Chakravarthy
{"title":"Adaptive dual-modality neuromodulation for chronic pain and muscle dysfunction: real-world insights from the NXTSTIM™ EcoAI digital platform.","authors":"Maja Green, Bart Billet, Maria Kappell, Shari Kappell, Krishnan Chakravarthy","doi":"10.1080/17581869.2026.2661844","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17581869.2026.2661844","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic musculoskeletal pain is often inadequately managed with pharmacologic therapy. Although transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) are established noninvasive modalities, conventional systems lack personalization and adherence monitoring.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate real-world outcomes associated with the EcoAI adaptive dual-modality (TENS+EMS) neuromodulation platform for chronic pain management.</p><p><strong>Design, setting and participants: </strong>Retrospective analysis of de-identified symptom diaries from 2,135 adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain using EcoAI at home in the United States between January 2023 and September 2025.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>AI-modulated TENS/EMS delivered via wearable surface electrodes with continuous algorithmic adjustment based on patient feedback. Three modes were available: Relieve (pain-focused TENS), Relax (combined TENS+EMS), and Strengthen (EMS-focused).</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>Primary outcome was change in pain intensity measured on a 0-10 numeric rating scale. Secondary outcomes included muscle stiffness, fatigue, weakness, and spasm frequency measured on 0-4 ordinal scales. Longitudinal mixed-effects models assessed outcomes, with adherence evaluated as a modifier.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant improvements occurred in muscle weakness, fatigue, and spasm frequency among Strengthen-module users, while pain and stiffness remained stable. Higher adherence and baseline pain predicted greater pain reduction. No device-related adverse events occurred. Conclusion: Adaptive AI-guided TENS/EMS improved neuromuscular symptoms in real-world use significantly.</p>","PeriodicalId":20000,"journal":{"name":"Pain management","volume":" ","pages":"779-788"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13336299/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147723631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pain managementPub Date : 2026-07-01Epub Date: 2026-05-07DOI: 10.1080/17581869.2026.2664763
Ahmed Khawer, Johnny Dang, Alejandra Rojas-Cardenas, Daniel Khokhar, Ankur Jain, Brandon J Goodwin, Justin Crane, Michael Crimmins, Eric Muneio, Akhil Chhatre
{"title":"Evaluation of the Gigstride wearable device for pain reduction and functional outcomes in patients with lower extremity mobility deficits: a single-arm pilot feasibility study.","authors":"Ahmed Khawer, Johnny Dang, Alejandra Rojas-Cardenas, Daniel Khokhar, Ankur Jain, Brandon J Goodwin, Justin Crane, Michael Crimmins, Eric Muneio, Akhil Chhatre","doi":"10.1080/17581869.2026.2664763","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17581869.2026.2664763","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mobility deficits are the most common form of disability in the United States and can significantly impair function and activities of daily living. Assistive devices have the potential to reduce physical limitations and support functional independence. This pilot study evaluated the Gigstride wearable device for its effects on pain reduction and gait-related outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective, single-arm feasibility study was conducted at a tertiary academic center and included adults ≥18 years with lower extremity deficits. The primary outcome was pain, measured by the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) during level ambulation and stair climbing. Secondary outcomes included performance on the modified 10-meter walk test with return and the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test. Patient-reported experience and the practicality of implementing the device in a larger-scale study were also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of forty-four patients were enrolled (mean age 66 years; 57% female). Gigstride use significantly reduced pain during level ambulation and stair climbing, with no significant changes in secondary outcomes. Median walking pain decreased by 1 NRS point (<i>p</i> = 0.00032), and stair-related pain decreased by 0.5 NRS points (<i>p</i> = 0.00025).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Gigstride wearable device use appears feasible and may provide modest reductions in mobility-related pain. However, the limited magnitude of pain reduction and absence of functional improvement in this study highlights the need for larger, controlled studies.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>The www.ClinicalTrials.gov identifier is NCT06548087.</p>","PeriodicalId":20000,"journal":{"name":"Pain management","volume":" ","pages":"789-797"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13336283/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147841542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pain managementPub Date : 2026-07-01Epub Date: 2026-04-24DOI: 10.1080/17581869.2026.2663941
Natália Aparecida Casonato, Filipe Estevão Sette, Marialice Gyaraki da Silva, Jessica Bianca Aily, Gerson Jhonatan Rodrigues, Stela Marcia Mattiello
{"title":"Beyond pain: how socioeconomic and psychosocial factors shape medication use in knee osteoarthritis - a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Natália Aparecida Casonato, Filipe Estevão Sette, Marialice Gyaraki da Silva, Jessica Bianca Aily, Gerson Jhonatan Rodrigues, Stela Marcia Mattiello","doi":"10.1080/17581869.2026.2663941","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17581869.2026.2663941","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Chronic pain and disability are the main symptoms of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Pharmacological therapy is widely employed for pain relief, although its efficacy and safety vary with clinical, socioeconomic, and psychosocial conditions. The objective of this research was to explore the relationships among pain medication profiles and psychosocial, economic, and educational factors in people with KOA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study included 211 adults with KOA; medication use was verified via Drugs.com®. Multivariable logistic regression analyzed the associations of pain intensity (NPRS), pain catastrophizing (PCS), kinesiophobia (TSK), education, and income with polypharmacy and potential drug-drug interactions (DDIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher PCS scores were associated with increased odds of polypharmacy (OR = 1.34; 95% CI 1.01-1.68) and potential DDIs (OR = 2.16; 95% CI 1.01-4.62). Income above five minimum wages further raised these odds (polypharmacy OR = 6.07; DDIs OR = 12.08). In contrast, Secondary and Higher Education were protective against DDIs (OR = 0.32 and 0.26, respectively). Model fit was satisfactory (Tjur's R<sup>2</sup> = 0.204 for polypharmacy; 0.182 for DDIs).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Socioeconomic and psychosocial factors significantly influence the medication profile and pain experience of individuals with KOA, highlighting the importance of integrating clinical, social, and cognitive determinants in patient management.</p>","PeriodicalId":20000,"journal":{"name":"Pain management","volume":" ","pages":"755-764"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13336257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147778430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pain managementPub Date : 2026-07-01Epub Date: 2026-05-04DOI: 10.1080/17581869.2026.2660894
P A Garcez, B M DeJesus, L R Oliveira, L V Lima, J M DeSantana
{"title":"Effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation associated to exercise for pain in Parkinson's disease: a randomized crossover clinical trial.","authors":"P A Garcez, B M DeJesus, L R Oliveira, L V Lima, J M DeSantana","doi":"10.1080/17581869.2026.2660894","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17581869.2026.2660894","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Parkinson's disease (PD) causes debilitating motor and non-motor symptoms, including chronic pain. While TENS and exercise are potential treatments, their combined effects require investigation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the effect of TENS added to an exercise program on pain intensity (primary outcome), fatigue, temporal summation, pain catastrophizing, skin sensitivity, and depression in PD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This randomized, double-blind, crossover trial included 13 patients (Hoehn & Yahr II-III). Participants received active or placebo TENS (1:1 ratio) followed by the reverse order after a 7-day washout. Both phases included a 20-minute exercise program. Active TENS (100 Hz, 100 μs) was applied to thoracic and lumbar regions at motor threshold. Outcome assessors and participants were blinded to the intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All 13 participants completed both phases (<i>n</i> = 26). Compared to placebo, the active TENS group showed significant improvements in primary outcome of pain intensity (<i>p</i> = 0.006). Significant improvements were also observed in temporal summation (<i>p</i> = 0.004) and cutaneous sensibility (thoracic right (<i>p</i> = 0.002), left (<i>p</i> = 0.041). No adverse events were reported during the interventions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TENS combined with exercise is effective for reducing pain intensity, temporal summation, and fatigue, as well as improving cutaneous sensibility in patients with PD.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>ReBEC identifier is RBR-4bvwxq (UTN: U1111-1159-1101).</p>","PeriodicalId":20000,"journal":{"name":"Pain management","volume":" ","pages":"737-746"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13336271/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147841451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pain managementPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-04-22DOI: 10.1080/17581869.2026.2660148
Ellie I Davidson, Kee Howe Wong, Smita L A Almeida, Matthew R D Brown
{"title":"A case report exploring the use of subcutaneous Botox for the treatment of neuropathic pain in active head and neck cancer.","authors":"Ellie I Davidson, Kee Howe Wong, Smita L A Almeida, Matthew R D Brown","doi":"10.1080/17581869.2026.2660148","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17581869.2026.2660148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patients with head and neck cancer commonly experience severe neuropathic pain. This pain is often challenging to treat and may be refractory to standard analgesic approaches. We describe the use of subcutaneous Botox injections to manage pain in such a patient. A patient with poorly differentiated carcinoma of the right base of skull with perineural invasion presented to the pain clinic with intractable facial pain. Subcutaneous Botox injections were performed. The patient experienced a significant reduction in the intensity of her pain following subcutaneous Botox injections. Subcutaneous Botox injections represent a safe and effective option for patients with head and neck cancer experiencing neuropathic pain refectory to standard analgesic medications.</p>","PeriodicalId":20000,"journal":{"name":"Pain management","volume":" ","pages":"597-601"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13228981/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147778155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pain managementPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-04-03DOI: 10.1080/17581869.2026.2646705
Messoud Ashina, Peter McAllister, Charly Gaul, Adolfo Leyva-Rendon, Luz M Ramirez, Catherine Nalpas, Alexandra Thiry, Lucy Abraham, Robert J Fountaine, Terence Fullerton
{"title":"Can rimegepant stop symptoms of a migraine attack in people who have not found triptans to work well or are not recommended to use triptans? A plain language summary of a clinical study.","authors":"Messoud Ashina, Peter McAllister, Charly Gaul, Adolfo Leyva-Rendon, Luz M Ramirez, Catherine Nalpas, Alexandra Thiry, Lucy Abraham, Robert J Fountaine, Terence Fullerton","doi":"10.1080/17581869.2026.2646705","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17581869.2026.2646705","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20000,"journal":{"name":"Pain management","volume":" ","pages":"551-565"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13228925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147609550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pain managementPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-03-02DOI: 10.1080/17581869.2026.2635978
Jean-Marie Amodeo, Frederic Berthier, Cindy Biehlmann, Brigitte Piazza
{"title":"Repeated virtual reality sessions in fibromyalgia: a prospective observational study.","authors":"Jean-Marie Amodeo, Frederic Berthier, Cindy Biehlmann, Brigitte Piazza","doi":"10.1080/17581869.2026.2635978","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17581869.2026.2635978","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic pain syndrome with limited effective treatments. This study evaluated virtual reality (VR) as an adjunct therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants used the HealthyMind program delivered via a Pico G2 4K Enterprise headset in eight supervised, seated 20-minute sessions over four weeks, featuring nature relaxation, guided imagery, and meditation. Primary outcome was Pain Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) at one month (M1); secondary outcomes included PCS, PSEQ, and HADS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty participants completed baseline and M1 assessments. Pain significantly decreased from 6.8 ± 1.5 to 5.8 ± 1.9 (-14.8%, <i>p</i> < 0.001; effect size = 0.56). Significant improvements were observed in catastrophizing, self-efficacy, anxiety, and depression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Repeated HealthyMind VR use was associated with reduced pain and improved psychological outcomes in FM patients.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>www.clinicaltrials.gov identifier is (NCT05567861).</p>","PeriodicalId":20000,"journal":{"name":"Pain management","volume":" ","pages":"633-643"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13228965/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147326845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pain managementPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2025-11-17DOI: 10.1080/17581869.2025.2591025
Víctor Riquelme Aguado, Antonio Gil Crujera, Francisco Gómez Esquer
{"title":"Beyond pain: the role of body representation in the diagnosis and management of fibromyalgia.","authors":"Víctor Riquelme Aguado, Antonio Gil Crujera, Francisco Gómez Esquer","doi":"10.1080/17581869.2025.2591025","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17581869.2025.2591025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20000,"journal":{"name":"Pain management","volume":" ","pages":"535-537"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13228954/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145534556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}