Ping Yang, Shiyan Li, Hao Zhang, Xiaofeng Ding, Qian Tan
{"title":"LRG1 Accelerates Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats by Promoting Angiogenesis via the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway.","authors":"Ping Yang, Shiyan Li, Hao Zhang, Xiaofeng Ding, Qian Tan","doi":"10.1177/15347346221081610","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15347346221081610","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patients with diabetic wounds may end with lower extremity amputation or death. Leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) is an effective regulator of angiogenesis and essential for timely wound healing. However, its role in regulating angiogenesis in diabetic wounds remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the pro-angiogenic function of exogenous LRG1 in diabetic wound healing and explore possible mechanisms. LRG1 expression patterns following injury in normal and diabetic wounds were determined by western blotting. Local injection of LRG1 was used to verify the effects on angiogenesis and wound healing in diabetic rats. Immunohistochemical staining for CD31 was used to analyze the vessel density. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultured in hyperglycemia were used to explore how LRG1 promotes angiogenesis in diabetic wound healing. We found that the expression peak of LRG1 around the wounds was delayed in diabetic rats compared with that in normal rats. Exogenous administration of LRG1 significantly accelerated the wound closure rate and promoted angiogenesis in diabetic rats. In addition, exogenous LRG1 effectively restored the proliferation, migration, and tube formation ability of HUVECs under hyperglycemia. Mechanistically, LRG1 promoted angiogenesis and diabetic wound healing mainly by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which is inhibited in diabetic wounds. This research suggests that LRG1 promotes angiogenesis and wound closure in diabetic rats by improving angiogenesis via activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Hence, LRG1 may be a possible therapeutic strategy for diabetic foot treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":1,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of Chemical Research","volume":" ","pages":"568-576"},"PeriodicalIF":16.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39941210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reza Tayfeh-Ebrahimi, Amir Amniattalab, Rahim Mohammadi
{"title":"Evaluation of Effect of Biologically Synthesized Ethanolic Extract of Propolis-Loaded Poly(-Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid) Nanoparticles on Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats.","authors":"Reza Tayfeh-Ebrahimi, Amir Amniattalab, Rahim Mohammadi","doi":"10.1177/15347346211073224","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15347346211073224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wound healing is interaction of a complex cascade of cellular/biochemical actions leading to restoration of structural and functional integrity with regain of injured tissues strength. This study was aimed at evaluation of application of ethanolic extract of propolis-loaded poly(-lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (EEP-PLGA NPs) on wound healing in diabetic rats. Sixty rats were randomized into four groups of 15 rats each: In control group (Control) diabetic wound was treated with normal saline. In Carrier 1 group diabetic wound was treated with PLGA nanoparticles based solution. In Carrier 2 group the diabetic wound was treated with EEP. In Treatment group animals received EEP-PLGA NPs on the wound. Wound size was measured on 7, 14 and 21 days after surgery. The expression of p53, bcl-2, Caspase III, were evaluated using reverse-transcription PCR and Immunohistochemical staining. The Treatment group had significantly reduced the wound size compared to other groups (<i>P</i> = 0.001). histological and morphometric studies, and mean rank of the qualitative studies demonstrated that there was significant difference between Treatment group and other groups (<i>P</i> < .05). Observations demonstrated that ethanolic extract of propolis-loaded PLGA nanoparticles significantly shortened the inflammatory phase and accelerated the cellular proliferation. Accordingly, the animals in Treatment group revealed significantly (<i>P </i>< .05) higher fibroblast distribution/one mm<sup>2</sup> of wound area and rapid re epithelialization. The mRNA levels of bcl-2, p53 and caspase III were remarkably (<i>P </i>< .05) higher in Treatment group compared to control and animals. The immunohistochemical analyzes confirmed the RT-PCR findings. EEP-PLGA NPs offered potential advantages in wound healing acceleration and improvement through angiogenesis stimulation, fibroblast proliferation and granulation tissue formation in early days of healing phases, acceleration in diabetic wound repair associated with earlier wound contraction and stability of damaged area by rearrangement of granulation tissue and collagen fibers.</p>","PeriodicalId":1,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of Chemical Research","volume":" ","pages":"513-523"},"PeriodicalIF":16.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39888447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthew W Stefan, Matthew H Sharp, Raad H Gheith, Ryan P Lowery, Jacob M Wilson
{"title":"A randomized, crossover study to evaluate α-tocopherol bioavailability via a microemulsion gel or dry tablet delivery in healthy adults.","authors":"Matthew W Stefan, Matthew H Sharp, Raad H Gheith, Ryan P Lowery, Jacob M Wilson","doi":"10.1177/02601060221142330","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060221142330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vitamin E (α-tocopherol) is an essential micronutrient for human health and optimal physiological function. Inadequacy may be common due to a lack of bioavailability. The use of dietary lipids alongside other emulsification agents may elicit more robust serum concentrations of α-tocopherol via improved bioavailability. Therefore, the aim of the study was to examine oral bioavailability of two delivery methods of α-tocopherol, (1) a microemulsion gel formula composed of dietary lipids and other emulsification agents and (2) a dry solid tablet over 12 hours.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twelve participants (age = 37.3 ± 9.6 years; height = 173.4 ± 11.8 cm; body mass = 71.2 ± 10.0 kg) participated in a double-blind, randomized, crossover trial comparing two delivery methods both dosed at 288 mg of α-tocopherol. Serum α-tocopherol concentrations were assessed from blood donated by participants at pre-consumption, 2-, 4-, 8-, and 12-hour post-consumption. Study conditions were separated by a 7-day washout.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The microemulsion gel formula delivery demonstrated significantly greater area under the curve (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and serum concentration maximums (<i>p</i> = 0.003) for serum α-tocopherol compared to the tablet delivery. No significant differences were detected between conditions for the time to reach concentration maximums (<i>p</i> = 0.375).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We conclude that a mixture of dietary lipids and emulsification agents in the form of a microemulsion gel formula was able to significantly improve bioavailability of serum α-tocopherol compared to a tablet by yielding higher serum α-tocopherol maximum concentrations and area under the curve over a 12-hour study period despite dosage being matched.</p>","PeriodicalId":1,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of Chemical Research","volume":" ","pages":"771-779"},"PeriodicalIF":16.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40712364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Finding Max's wolves: Literacy socialization in the margins.","authors":"Ava Becker-Zayas","doi":"10.1177/14687984221098351","DOIUrl":"10.1177/14687984221098351","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For decades, language and literacy scholars working within a sociocultural framework have laboured to bring attention to the strengths of marginalized students in an effort to create more inclusive and equitable learning environments (e.g., Cummins, 2000; Dyson, 1997; González et al., 2005; Heath, 1983). While this work has moved the field forward in invaluable ways, it has not consistently engaged with processes of marginalization as a complex practice, which has produced gaps in our understanding of how we can best address it in research and practice to the benefit of all learners. Drawing on the notions of literacy socialization (Sterponi, 2012) and syncretic literacy (Duranti and Ochs, 1996; Gregory et al., 2013a), in this paper I conduct a close examination of the in- and out-of-school literacy socialization practices of Max Calfu, a seven-year-old Chilean-Canadian boy, over the course of a year-long ethnography that I conducted with his family at their home, at his Spanish-English bilingual public school, and in transit between home and school in a large Western Canadian city. At school, Max's Indigenous identity was regularly rendered invisible by the cultural capital his Chilean-national heritage held within the Spanish bilingual program (Calderón and Urrieta, 2019). Using thematic analysis (Saldaña, 2013), I demonstrate how Max incorporated the wolf figure into his literacy practices over the course of the research year, considering multiple scales of space and time, and in relation to key mediators. My analysis calls attention to the ways in which he drew on his syncretic literacy experiences to author his Indigenous identity in official and unofficial learning spaces. I conclude the paper by arguing that examining syncretism in children's literacy practices can lay the foundation for a more ethically, emotionally, and culturally engaged language education.</p>","PeriodicalId":1,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of Chemical Research","volume":" ","pages":"890-920"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11550182/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47853261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Turki Elarjani, Evan Luther, Alexis A Morell, Daniel G Eichberg, Ashish H Shah, Victor M Lu, Gurvinder Kaur, Michael E Ivan, Ricardo J Komotar
{"title":"Transcortical resection of a giant bilobed falcine meningioma.","authors":"Turki Elarjani, Evan Luther, Alexis A Morell, Daniel G Eichberg, Ashish H Shah, Victor M Lu, Gurvinder Kaur, Michael E Ivan, Ricardo J Komotar","doi":"10.1080/02688697.2022.2034744","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02688697.2022.2034744","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Falcine meningiomas present significant surgical challenges because they often involve the falx bilaterally, are concealed by a significant amount of normal brain parenchyma and are frequently deep in location and in close proximity to the anterior cerebral arteries. Many prefer the interhemispheric approach for these lesions, but this operative corridor is not without risk as venous infarctions and cortical injury can occur.</p><p><strong>Clinical presentation: </strong>We present an alternative technique utilizing a transcortical approach to resect a giant, bilobed falcine meningioma in a 68-year-old female who presented with progressive abulia, urinary incontinence, and bilateral lower extremity weakness over 2 years. A unilateral right frontal craniotomy and a corticectomy through the right superior frontal gyrus was used to safely resect the entire tumor. The patient tolerated the procedure well and was discharged home without issue. Pathology demonstrated that the lesion was an atypical meningioma and she subsequently received adjuvant fractionated radiotherapy. At 2-year follow-up, she has no neurologic deficits, never developed any postoperative seizures and has not had any evidence of tumor recurrence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The transcortical approach can be used as a safe alternative for resecting falcine meningiomas without adding significant undue risk to the patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":1,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of Chemical Research","volume":" ","pages":"1422-1425"},"PeriodicalIF":16.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39931607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hussein M Abdallah, David T Fernandes Cabral, Zachary C Gersey, Hussam Abou-Al-Shaar, Sean O'keefe, Shane Mysels, Ivy John, Paul A Gardner, Mario G Solari, Georgios A Zenonos
{"title":"Reduction of giant parietooccipital fibrous dysplasia using dynamic mirror image guidance: a case report and review of the literature.","authors":"Hussein M Abdallah, David T Fernandes Cabral, Zachary C Gersey, Hussam Abou-Al-Shaar, Sean O'keefe, Shane Mysels, Ivy John, Paul A Gardner, Mario G Solari, Georgios A Zenonos","doi":"10.1080/02688697.2022.2061422","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02688697.2022.2061422","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Craniofacial fibrous dysplasia (CFD) typically occurs in the facial bones and anterior cranial vault and can produce both disfigurement and functional limitations for patients disfigurement. Treatment consists of reducing the abnormal bone. Bone contouring can become challenging when the exposure does not extend to the corresponding normal contralateral structures for comparison or when normal landmarks are not available, which may compromise the overall aesthetic outcome. We describe a technique using dynamic mirroring to accurately contour the involved part of the cranium in a case of giant CFD.</p><p><strong>Observations: </strong>A 49-year-old male presented with a giant deforming fibrous dysplasia of the right mastoid and parieto-temporo-occiput that was causing functional limitations due to the size of the bony mass. This was managed with multidisciplinary bony reduction. Several neurovascular structures were in proximity to the areas of planned drilling of the expansile lesion, and dynamic mirroring of the uninvolved left skull was utilized to maximize safety and symmetry of reduction. High-speed drilling of the right occipital bone was performed until the navigation system alerted the surgeon that symmetric depth had been achieved. There were no complications from the procedure and this technique maximized the limits of symmetric reduction without significantly increasing surgical complexity or duration.</p><p><strong>Lessons: </strong>Dynamic mirroring of bony structures in the posterior cranium is not commonly employed in neurosurgical practice. This technique may help improve the aesthetic outcomes of bony reduction in craniofacial dysplasia and a variety of similarly managed bony lesions, contour cranioplasties, and in unilateral craniosynostosis surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":1,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of Chemical Research","volume":" ","pages":"1440-1446"},"PeriodicalIF":16.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45141688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sudden sensorineural hearing loss in children with dual positivity of serum anti-EBV IgM and anti-CMV IgM antibodies: a preliminary study.","authors":"Mirko Aldè, Federica DI Berardino, Paola Marchisio, Giovanna Cantarella, Elisabetta Iacona","doi":"10.23736/S2724-5276.21.06314-X","DOIUrl":"10.23736/S2724-5276.21.06314-X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is rare in children, and its etiology remains largely unknown, although viral infections seem to play an important role. The aim of this study is to report 5 children who experienced permanent SSNHL and had dual positivity of serum anti-Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) IgM and anti-Cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgM antibodies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted in a third-level referral audiological center. The medical charts of children under age 14 who experienced SSNHL without hearing recovery between September 1, 2017 and August 31, 2020, were reviewed. These children had undergone diagnostic evaluations, including brain magnetic resonance imaging, serological testing, thrombophilia and autoimmunity screening, to find possible causes of SSNHL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In all 5 patients identified, anti-EBV IgM, anti-CMV IgM and anti-CMV IgG antibodies were detected by chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) immediately after the diagnosis of SSNHL, which occurred from 2 to 4 weeks after the onset of symptoms attributable to primary EBV infection. No abnormalities were demonstrated by coagulation and immunologic tests. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed normal findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study suggests that primary EBV infection should be considered one of the most likely causes of SSNHL without any hearing recovery in children. Therefore, a routine audiological examination should be recommended for children with virologically confirmed primary EBV infection at approximately 3-4 weeks after onset of symptoms and then repeated with periodic follow-up. Further studies on a wider number of children affected by SSNHL might clarify the possible pathogenetic role of this dual serological positivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":1,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of Chemical Research","volume":" ","pages":"722-727"},"PeriodicalIF":16.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39252950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lifestyles of Palestinians during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Nihal Natour, Mariam Al-Tell","doi":"10.1177/02601060221137625","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02601060221137625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Although the COVID-19 epidemic was linked to movement limitations and a sense of risk among the general public, changes in lifestyle and mental health were not examined among Palestinians. The study aimed to investigate changes in a group of Palestinians' lifestyles and mental health. <b>Methodology:</b> A translated questionnaire about demographics, mental health difficulties, and lifestyle choices was created using Google Forms and distributed over social media and academic platforms. SPSS 21 was used to analyze the data. <b>Results:</b> The participants' mean age was 25 9 years, 67% were women, and 47% were city dwellers. About 82% had a bachelor's degree. Infection with COVID-19 was present in 13% of study group, COVID-19 infection caused the death of a relative in 13% of study group, and commitment to limits was present in 14% of study group. Negative emotions like despair, hopelessness, and worry were extremely common. Despite eating a few fruits and vegetables and drinking a lot of soft beverages, study participants were generally active. <b>Conclusion:</b> The COVID-19 pandemic is associated with a negative impact on lifestyle and mental well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":1,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of Chemical Research","volume":" ","pages":"733-739"},"PeriodicalIF":16.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9659694/pdf/10.1177_02601060221137625.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40476269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biological Therapy on Infected Traumatic Wounds: A Case-Control Study.","authors":"Satyanam Kumar Bhartiya, Rina Prasad, Sumit Sharma, VijayKumar Shukla, Gopal Nath, Rajesh Kumar","doi":"10.1177/15347346211072779","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15347346211072779","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b>Traumatic wound is a great challenging issue to surgeons, because of large in size, heavily contaminated, infected and unscenic. Infection proceeded to progressive tissue necrosis, septicemia, organ failure or even death. Majority has polymicrobial infections. Bacteriohage therapy will have revolutionized in the treatment of wound. The present study was planned to evaluate the efficacy of topical bacteriophage therapy on large traumatic wounds in comparison with conventional therapy. <b>Methods:</b>The Study conducted from Sept. 2018 to July 2020. Samples between 12- 60 years was taken into study. Customized bacteriophage applied over the wound after serial debridement in case and conventional dressing in control. Fifty four wounded person met the clinical inclusion criteria; 27 in each group. Wound swab and tissue biopsy was taken for bacterial isolation. Isolated specific phage was applied over the wound on alternate day till the wound become sterile and fit for further definitive management. <b>Results:</b> A significant and rapid improvement was observed in wound healing in cases then control group. Average number of day required for complete granulation of wound and attaining sterility was half in cases then control. The hospital stay of the patients on BT was half (20days) than those on CT (40 days). The financial analysis also favours the BT over CT as only 1/third expenditure incurred in BT group as compared to CT <b>Conclusion:</b>Topical Bacteriophage therapy is efficient, effective to clearing the infection in shorter length of time and cost effective for infected traumatic wounds as compared to conventional dressing.</p>","PeriodicalId":1,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of Chemical Research","volume":" ","pages":"504-512"},"PeriodicalIF":16.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39786098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rebecca S V Parkes, Rikke Langebæk, Jannie Wu, Dean A Hendrickson, José Ciappesoni, François-Xavier Lalèyê, Sarah Baillie
{"title":"Responses to and Reflections on Clinical Skills Teaching and Assessment during COVID-19: A Global Survey.","authors":"Rebecca S V Parkes, Rikke Langebæk, Jannie Wu, Dean A Hendrickson, José Ciappesoni, François-Xavier Lalèyê, Sarah Baillie","doi":"10.3138/jvme-2023-0073","DOIUrl":"10.3138/jvme-2023-0073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Clinical skills are traditionally taught face-to-face with a focus on hands-on learning. The COVID-19 pandemic forced institutions to adjust their teaching and assessment. This project investigated how veterinary schools adapted clinical skills teaching and assessment, and identified resulting changes and innovations that will progress clinical skills teaching in the future. An online survey was developed and disseminated using QuestionPro. The survey was written in English, translated into French, Spanish and Chinese to encourage international participation, and was open from December 2021 to May 2022. Data were analyzed descriptively and using thematic analysis. Responses came from 91 institutions from 48 countries. During COVID-19, most institutions (70.3%) used a combination of face-to-face and synchronous online classes. Classes were cancelled at certain times by 50.5% of institutions. Almost all institutions (92.3%) provided additional support, including self-directed online learning (e.g., flipped classroom), packs of equipment for students to use at home, online peer tutoring and 'bootcamp' or catch-up sessions. Three themes were identified for beneficial changes to clinical skills teaching that will be kept: the use of the flipped classroom, students having equipment at home for practice and smaller group sizes where possible. During COVID-19, 86.8% of institutions made changes to clinical skills assessments. The use of videos for assessments was identified as a benefit that some institutions would keep. Significant challenges were experienced by teachers, including a high workload. The pandemic inevitably resulted in changes in clinical skills teaching and assessment, but the experiences gained have potential to result in long-term benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":1,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of Chemical Research","volume":" ","pages":"730-738"},"PeriodicalIF":16.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43120906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}