水热合成金属掺杂沸石的酸性共水解途径。

IF 17.7 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Xiaoling Liu, Yu Zhou* and Jun Wang*, 
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引用次数: 0

摘要

沸石已在工业上应用于许多化学过程中。将金属掺杂到沸石中制备金属掺杂沸石(Me-zeolites)是一种有效的方法,可以调节沸石的氧化还原/酸/碱性质、孔隙率和表面电子态,增强沸石的现有特征并获得额外的功能。直接水热合成me分子筛有利于将金属种类整合到整个沸石基质中,使金属种类具有通用性和均匀的高分散性。然而,在传统的碱性热液路径中,由于金属(快速)和硅(缓慢)前驱体之间的水解/冷凝速率不匹配,大多数金属物种容易过早沉淀,限制了me -沸石的形成。为了解决这一问题,我们开发了一种独特的酸性共水解(ACH)路线,用于直接水热合成me -沸石:金属和硅前体在弱酸性条件下共水解/缩合,然后切换到碱性条件下凝胶化,最后得到的凝胶水热结晶成me -沸石。在这个过程中,初始弱酸性环境减慢了金属前驱体的水解速度,与二氧化硅的水解速度相匹配,在此过程中,缓慢水解的金属和硅羟基共凝成Me-O-Si单元。在由此产生的碱性凝胶和最终结晶过程中,Me-O-Si单元会阻止金属物质的过早析出,从而使沸石晶体顺利生长,从而使金属物质融入沸石基质中。因此,通过ACH途径成功地合成了各种me -沸石,即原始沸石。在这篇文章中,我们描述了乙酰胆碱途径的原理,并总结了我们在利用这一策略合成、表征和应用me分子筛方面的不懈努力。因此,不同状态的金属物种,包括同形取代的杂原子、金属氧化物和贵金属纳米颗粒被纳入具有不同拓扑结构和Si/Al比的沸石中。值得注意的是,ACH路线不仅在微观层面上适用于工程沸石形态,而且在宏观层面上适用于工程沸石形态。这些ach合成的me -沸石的增强性能已经在许多非均相催化过程中得到证明,包括生物质转化、环境催化、精细化学和石化合成、形状选择催化、气体吸附和分离,特别是碳捕获。坚固的沸石框架-集成金属位点与规则的微孔衍生约束效应协同作用,为me -沸石在电化学和光热过程等新领域提供了诱人的前景。ACH路线现在正在成为一种有前途的替代方案,可以极大地丰富me -沸石的种类,用于创新应用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

An Acidic Cohydrolysis Route for the Hydrothermal Synthesis of Metal-Doping Zeolites

An Acidic Cohydrolysis Route for the Hydrothermal Synthesis of Metal-Doping Zeolites

Zeolites have been industrially applied in numerous chemical processes. Integrating metal species into zeolites to prepare metal-doping zeolites (Me-zeolites) is an efficient approach to modulating the redox/acid/base properties, porosity, and surface electronic state, strengthening the existing features and deriving extra functions. Direct hydrothermal synthesis of Me-zeolites is advantageous for integrating metal species throughout the whole zeolite matrix, enabling the metal species to have a versatile status and uniformly high dispersion. However, in the traditional alkaline hydrothermal route, most metal species tend to prematurely precipitate due to the mismatching of the hydrolysis/condensation rates between metal (rapid) and silica (slow) precursors, restricting the formation of Me-zeolites.

To address this issue, we develop a unique acidic cohydrolysis (ACH) route for direct hydrothermal synthesis of Me-zeolites: the metal and silica precursors are cohydrolyzed/condensed under a weakly acidic condition, which is then switched to an alkaline condition for gelation, and finally the resultant gel is hydrothermally crystallized into Me-zeolites. In this route, the initial weakly acidic environment slows down the hydrolysis rate of the metal precursor, matching that of the silica, during which the slowly hydrolyzed metal and silicon hydroxyls co-condense into Me–O–Si units. In the resulting alkaline gelation and final crystallization, the Me–O–Si units would resist the premature precipitation of metal species, allowing the smooth growth of the zeolite crystal to integrate the metal species into the zeolite matrix. Consequently, various kinds of Me-zeolites, namely, pristine zeolites, have been successfully synthesized through the ACH route.

In this Account, we describe the principle of the ACH route and summarize our persistent efforts in the synthesis, characterization, and application of Me-zeolites using this strategy. Different statuses of metal species including isomorphously substituted heteroatoms, metal oxides, and noble metal nanoparticles have thus been incorporated into zeolites with varied topologies and Si/Al ratios. Notably, the ACH route is applicable to engineering zeolite morphology on not only the microlevel but also the macrolevel. Enhanced performances of these ACH-synthesized Me-zeolites have been demonstrated in many heterogeneous catalysis processes, including biomass conversion, environmental catalysis, fine chemical and petrochemical syntheses, and shape-selective catalysis, as well as gas adsorption and separation, typically carbon capture. The robust zeolite framework-integrated metal sites that are synergistic with the regular micropore-derived confinement effect render an attractive prospect for Me-zeolites in new fields such as electrochemical and photothermal processes. The ACH route is now emerging as a promising alternative to greatly enriching the variety of Me-zeolites for innovative applications.

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来源期刊
Accounts of Chemical Research
Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合
CiteScore
31.40
自引率
1.10%
发文量
312
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.
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