ACS Materials Letters最新文献

{"title":"The 75-Year Anniversary of the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology at Karolinska Institutet—Examples of Recent Accomplishments and Future Perspectives","authors":"Eddie Weitzberg, Magnus Ingelman-Sundberg, Jon O. Lundberg, Göran Engberg, Gunnar Schulte, Volker M. Lauschke, Lynette Daws","doi":"10.1124/pharmrev.124.001433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1124/pharmrev.124.001433","url":null,"abstract":"Karolinska Institutet is a medical university encompassing 21 departments distributed across three departmental or campus groups. Pharmacological research has a long and successful tradition at the institute with a multitude of seminal findings in the areas of neuronal control of vasodilatation, cardiovascular pharmacology, neuropsychopharmacology, receptor pharmacology, and pharmacogenomics that resulted in, among many other recognitions, two Nobel prizes in Physiology and Medicine, one in 1970 to Ulf von Euler for his discovery of the processes involved in storage, release, and inactivation of neurotransmitters and the other in 1982 to Sune Bergström and Bengt Samuelsson for their work on prostaglandins and the discovery of leukotrienes. Pharmacology at Karolinska Institutet has over the last decade been ranked globally among the top 10 according to the QS World University Ranking. With the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology now celebrating its 75-year anniversary, we wanted to take this as an opportunity to showcase recent research achievements and how they paved the way for current activities at the department. We emphasize examples from preclinical and clinical research where the dpartment's integrative environment and robust infrastructure have successfully facilitated the translation of findings into clinical applications and patient benefits. The close collaboration between preclinical scientists and clinical researchers across various disciplines, along with a strong network of partnerships within the department and beyond, positions us to continue leading world-class pharmacological research at the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology for decades to come.","PeriodicalId":19,"journal":{"name":"ACS Materials Letters","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":21.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142440529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct X-ray Detectors Based on an Eco-Friendly Semiconducting Zero-Dimensional Organic Zinc Bromide Hybrid","authors":"Oluwadara J. Olasupo, Thanh-Hai Le, Tunde B. Shonde, He Liu, Alexander Bouchard, Sara Bouchard, Thilina N. D. D. Gamaralalage, Abiodun M. Adewolu, Tarannuma F. Manny, Xinsong Lin, Yan-Yan Hu, Wanyi Nie, Biwu Ma","doi":"10.1021/acsenergylett.4c02662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.4c02662","url":null,"abstract":"Direct X-ray detectors that convert X-rays to electrical charges have broad applications in medicine and security screening. Common semiconductors like silicon and selenium for direct X-ray detectors have limitations in performance, versatility, and cost-effectiveness. Among new materials under investigation, metal halide perovskites demonstrate great potential for X-ray detectors; however, they are limited by low stability and toxicity. Here, we report, for the first time, a stable and eco-friendly zero-dimensional (0D) organic metal halide hybrid (OMHH), (TPA-P)₂ZnBr₄, for efficient X-ray detectors. With molecular sensitization, wherein metal halides (ZnBr₄^2–) act as X-ray absorbers and organic semiconducting components (TPA-P⁺, 4-(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)-1-propylpyridin-1-ium) as charge transporters, 0D (TPA-P)₂ZnBr₄ detectors exhibit an impressive sensitivity of 2,292 μC Gy_air^–1 cm^–2 at 20 V and a low detection limit of 37.5 nGy_air s^–1. The exceptional stability of 0D (TPA-P)₂ZnBr₄ facilitates remarkably stable direct X-ray detection and shows the tremendous potential of rationally designed 0D OMHHs as new-generation radiation detection materials.","PeriodicalId":19,"journal":{"name":"ACS Materials Letters","volume":"17 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unusual Cause of Hypoxemia during Pregnancy: New Diagnosis of Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations.","authors":"Lu Chen, Kui Li, Hong Wen","doi":"10.1164/rccm.202402-0271IM","DOIUrl":"10.1164/rccm.202402-0271IM","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19,"journal":{"name":"ACS Materials Letters","volume":" ","pages":"1152-1154"},"PeriodicalIF":19.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11544354/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141282751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe Maternal and Neonatal Morbidity Among Gestational Carriers : A Cohort Study.","authors":"Maria P Velez, Marina Ivanova, Jonas Shellenberger, Jessica Pudwell, Joel G Ray","doi":"10.7326/M24-0417","DOIUrl":"10.7326/M24-0417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Use of a gestational (\"surrogate\") carrier is increasingly common. Risk for maternal and neonatal adversity is largely unknown in this birthing population.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the risk for severe maternal morbidity (SMM) and severe neonatal morbidity (SNM) in gestational carriers.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Population-based cohort study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>All of Ontario, Canada.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>All singleton births at more than 20 weeks' gestation, from 2012 to 2021.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>Exposure was type of conception, namely, gestational carriage (main exposure), unassisted conception (comparison group 1), and in vitro fertilization (IVF) (comparison group 2). Main composite outcomes were SMM and SNM. Modified Poisson regression models generated weighted relative risks (wRRs) using propensity score-based overlap weighting. Secondary outcomes included hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, cesarean delivery, preterm birth, and postpartum hemorrhage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of all eligible singleton births, 846 124 (97.6%) were by unassisted conception, 16 087 (1.8%) by IVF, and 806 (0.1%) by gestational carriage. Respective risks for SMM were 2.3%, 4.3%, and 7.8%. The wRRs were 3.30 (95% CI, 2.59 to 4.20) comparing gestational carriage with unassisted conception and 1.86 (CI, 1.36 to 2.55) comparing gestational carriage with IVF. Respective risks for SNM were 5.9%, 8.9%, and 6.6%, generating wRRs of 1.20 (CI, 0.92 to 1.55) for gestational carriage versus unassisted conception and 0.81 (CI, 0.61 to 1.08) for gestational carriage versus IVF. Hypertensive disorders, postpartum hemorrhage, and preterm birth at less than 37 weeks were also significantly higher contrasting gestational carriers to either comparison group.</p><p><strong>Limitation: </strong>Absence of information about indications for choosing a gestational carrier, and oocyte or sperm donor source.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among singleton births of more than 20 weeks' gestation, a higher risk for SMM and adverse pregnancy outcomes was seen among gestational carriers compared with women who conceived with and without assistance. Although gestational carriage was associated with preterm birth, there was less clear evidence of severe neonatal morbidity. Potential mechanisms for higher maternal morbidity among gestational carriers require elucidation, alongside developing special care plans for gestational carriers.</p><p><strong>Primary funding source: </strong>The Canadian Institutes of Health Research.</p>","PeriodicalId":19,"journal":{"name":"ACS Materials Letters","volume":" ","pages":"1482-1488"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142306978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modernizing Medical Device Regulation: Challenges and Opportunities for the 510(k) Clearance Process.","authors":"Kushal T Kadakia, Vinay K Rathi, Sanket S Dhruva, Joseph S Ross, Harlan M Krumholz","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-00728","DOIUrl":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-00728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nearly all medical devices reviewed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) are authorized via the 510(k) clearance process. Established in 1976, this review pathway bases authorizations on the comparability of new devices to previously authorized devices (\"predicates\"). This evaluation usually does not require clinical evidence of safety and effectiveness. Advocates of the 510(k) clearance process tout its support for device innovation and rapid market access, and critics of the 510(k) clearance process express that it may inadequately protect patient safety. In September 2023, the FDA issued 3 guidance documents that, if finalized, would significantly change medical device regulation. This article provides clinical and regulatory context for the proposed guidance documents, which focus on predicate selection, clinical testing requirements, and implantable devices, and identifies opportunities for further reforms that promote transparency and patient safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":19,"journal":{"name":"ACS Materials Letters","volume":" ","pages":"1558-1565"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Horizon: The Promise of the National Institutes of Health's Landmark Designation of Persons With Disabilities as a Population With Health Disparities.","authors":"Shahin A Saberi, Angela Zhang, Dorothy W Tolchin","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-00676","DOIUrl":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-00676","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19,"journal":{"name":"ACS Materials Letters","volume":" ","pages":"1577-1579"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142520766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In symptomatic knee OA, adding oral methotrexate to usual analgesia reduced pain at 6 mo.","authors":"David S Pisetsky","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-02769-JC","DOIUrl":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-02769-JC","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Source citation: </strong>Kingsbury SR, Tharmanathan P, Keding A, et al. <b>Pain reduction with oral methotrexate in knee osteoarthritis: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.</b> Ann Intern Med. 2024;177:1145-1156. 39074374.</p>","PeriodicalId":19,"journal":{"name":"ACS Materials Letters","volume":" ","pages":"JC130"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142574762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-Dose Morphine Does Not Cause Sleepiness in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Thomas J Altree, Barbara Toson, Kelly A Loffler, Magnus Ekström, David C Currow, Danny J Eckert","doi":"10.1164/rccm.202310-1780OC","DOIUrl":"10.1164/rccm.202310-1780OC","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Rationale:</b> Regular, low-dose, sustained-release morphine is frequently prescribed for persistent breathlessness in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, effects on daytime sleepiness, perceived sleep quality, and daytime function have not been rigorously investigated. <b>Objectives:</b> We sought to determine the effects of regular, low-dose, sustained-release morphine on sleep parameters in COPD. <b>Methods:</b> We conducted prespecified secondary analyses of validated sleep questionnaire data from a randomized trial of daily, low-dose, sustained-release morphine versus placebo over 4 weeks commencing at 8 or 16 mg/d with blinded up-titration over 2 weeks to a maximum of 32 mg/d. Primary outcomes for these analyses were Week-1 Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) scores on morphine versus placebo. Secondary outcomes included Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire scores (end of Weeks 1 and 4), KSS and ESS scores beyond Week 1, and associations between breathlessness, morphine, and questionnaire scores. <b>Measurements and Main Results:</b> One hundred fifty-six people were randomized. Week-1 sleepiness scores were not different on morphine versus placebo (ΔESS [95% confidence interval] versus placebo: 8-mg group, -0.59 [-1.99, 0.81], <i>P</i> = 0.41; 16-mg group, -0.72 [-2.33, 0.9], <i>P</i> = 0.38; ΔKSS vs. placebo, 8-mg group: 0.11 [-0.7, 0.9], <i>P</i> = 0.78; 16-mg group, -0.41 [-1.31, 0.49], <i>P</i> = 0.37). This neutral effect persisted at later time points. In addition, participants who reported reduced breathlessness with morphine at 4 weeks also showed improvement in LSEQ domain scores including perceived sleep quality and daytime function. <b>Conclusions:</b> Regular, low-dose morphine does not worsen sleepiness when used for breathlessness in COPD. Individual improvements in breathlessness with morphine may be related to improvements in sleep. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02720822).</p>","PeriodicalId":19,"journal":{"name":"ACS Materials Letters","volume":" ","pages":"1113-1122"},"PeriodicalIF":19.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140108760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to Yoshihiro and Taito: True Effect of Fludrocortisone for Septic Shock: Baseline Risk and Transitivity Concerns.","authors":"Bijan Teja","doi":"10.1164/rccm.202407-1437LE","DOIUrl":"10.1164/rccm.202407-1437LE","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19,"journal":{"name":"ACS Materials Letters","volume":" ","pages":"1162-1163"},"PeriodicalIF":19.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11544362/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142103565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward Realistic Longitudinal Monitoring of Structure-Function in Smokers.","authors":"Sylvia Verbanck, Eef Vanderhelst","doi":"10.1164/rccm.202405-1071LE","DOIUrl":"10.1164/rccm.202405-1071LE","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19,"journal":{"name":"ACS Materials Letters","volume":" ","pages":"1163-1164"},"PeriodicalIF":19.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11544358/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142103567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}