Pediatric Dental Journal最新文献

{"title":"Postoperative pain after vital pulp therapy: A review of its characteristics and associated factors","authors":"Parattanan Pradittapong,&nbsp;Papimon Chompu-inwai,&nbsp;Nattakan Chaipattanawan,&nbsp;Chanika Manmontri","doi":"10.1016/j.pdj.2024.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdj.2024.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Vital pulp therapy (VPT) is a contemporary approach for managing deep caries in permanent teeth. However, there is limited information about postoperative pain, especially in pediatric patients.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This comprehensive review examines English-language articles on postoperative pain after VPT, focusing on patient-reported discomfort from procedure completion to 7 days afterward. It aims to concisely summarize pain incidence, intensity, duration, analgesic usage, and associated factors.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Diverse studies with different study designs, age groups, pulpal diagnoses, patient populations, VPT techniques, treatment protocols, and outcome measurements have examined postoperative pain after VPT. Significant heterogeneity exists among studies in the pain rating scale, timing of pain assessment, and reporting of pain incidence and intensity. None of the studies have examined postoperative pain after VPT as the primary outcome. The peak incidence of postoperative pain after VPT occurred on the first day, ranging from 26.8% to 79.1%. Patients commonly reported the pain as mild. This pain typically resolved within 7 days. Factors such as preoperative pain intensity, percussion pain, periapical lesions, and pulp dressing materials were identified as potential predictors for postoperative pain after VPT.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Understanding postoperative pain enhances clinicians’ proficiency, encouraging a more comprehensive, patient-centric VPT approach. This review fills a knowledge gap, offering valuable insights for practitioners. Recognizing the nuanced nature of pain dynamics allows clinicians to elevate their proficiency and provide optimal patient care with VPT. Future well-designed studies, focusing particularly on postoperative pain in children, will advance our understanding in this area.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19977,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Dental Journal","volume":"34 2","pages":"Pages 87-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140281830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of invasive dental treatment for brothers with von Willebrand disease","authors":"Tamami Kadota,&nbsp;Yusuke Mikasa,&nbsp;Makoto Okuda,&nbsp;Misato Takagi,&nbsp;Katsuaki Kuremoto,&nbsp;Katsuhiko Masuda,&nbsp;Rena Okawa,&nbsp;Kazuhiko Nakano","doi":"10.1016/j.pdj.2024.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdj.2024.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>von Willebrand disease (VWD) is a bleeding disorder caused by an abnormality of the von Willebrand factor protein.</p></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><p>Two brothers diagnosed with VWD came to our clinic, the older for caries treatment and the younger for extraction of primary teeth. To control intraoperative bleeding and postoperative hemostasis, the older brother received plasma-derived/factor VIII concentrate intravenously the day before dental treatment, while the younger brother received desmopressin preoperatively, as that was found to be effective.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>For invasive dental treatment of patients with VWD, it is important to choose a plan according to patient symptoms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19977,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Dental Journal","volume":"34 2","pages":"Pages 96-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140275783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survey of permanent tooth eruption status of down syndrome in Japan: Comparison with the Japanese National Survey of Dental Diseases","authors":"Kazutaka Noda ,&nbsp;Shinhachi Hanaoka ,&nbsp;Masahiro Watanabe ,&nbsp;Kazumi Kubota ,&nbsp;Koji Yamauchi ,&nbsp;Kaoru Kobayashi ,&nbsp;Hirokatsu Harasawa ,&nbsp;Risa Ikeda ,&nbsp;Tomoya Yamahata ,&nbsp;Takahiro Funatsu ,&nbsp;Masakazu Ikeda ,&nbsp;Yoshiharu Mukai ,&nbsp;Shouji Hironaka","doi":"10.1016/j.pdj.2024.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdj.2024.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Down syndrome (DS) can cause irregular dental eruption patterns and hypodontia. However, data on permanent tooth eruption in DS patients in Japan are insufficient. This study aimed to predict the dental characteristics of DS by conducting a nationwide survey in Japan.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Questionnaires were used to collect information about the age, sex, number of present teeth, and dental formula with DS from facilities providing dental care for the disabled. The findings were compared with the Survey of Dental Diseases and used as control survey.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Data were collected from 3348 patients aged 5–69 years. The mean number of permanent teeth was highest (<em>N</em> = 25.2) at 19, 20–24, and 25–29 years. At 5–19 years, the increase in the eruption rates was slower with DS compared to that in the control survey. At 25–29 years, the difference in eruption rates between the two surveys exceeded 20 % in the mandibular lateral incisors and maxillary second molars, except for third molars. Most of the second premolars were unerupted when the primary second molars were retained. Noneruption of the permanent canines and some adjacent teeth was observed when the maxillary primary canines were retained.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study demonstrates the eruption status of permanent teeth with DS. The eruption of permanent teeth is delayed, the number of permanent teeth is low, and early tooth loss may be seen with DS. Thus, it is important to determine the overall eruption status and provide adequate support based on their age.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19977,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Dental Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"Pages 35-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0917239424000016/pdfft?md5=9c75ebff7253d0bbae8c327e33fc2dfe&pid=1-s2.0-S0917239424000016-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139828415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between quality of obturation and outcome of pulpectomized primary molars following root canal instrumentation with pediatric rotary file systems","authors":"Girish Babu K.L. ,&nbsp;Kavyashree Gururaj Hebbar ,&nbsp;Geeta Maruti Doddamani","doi":"10.1016/j.pdj.2023.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdj.2023.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p><span>The success of root canal treatment is influenced by several factors including the type and technique of </span>root canal preparation<span>, the type of irrigants used, the quality of obturation, and post-endodontic restoration. Recent systematic reviews have concluded that there is no substantial evidence to establish the superiority of rotary file systems over hand files in terms of clinical and radiographic success in pulpectomized teeth.</span></p></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><p>To determine the correlation between quality of obturation and long-term outcome of pulpectomized primary molars<span> following root canal instrumentation with pediatric rotary file systems and a hand file system.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The study involved 100 primary molars from children aged 4–7 years that required pulpectomy<span><span>. The teeth were divided into four groups, each consisting of 25 teeth. In the first, second, third, and fourth groups, root canal instrumentation was carried out with Pedo-Flex pediatric rotary files (Group PF), Kedo-SG pediatric rotary files (Group KS), Pro-AF Baby Gold pediatric rotary files (Group BG), and hand nickel titanium K files (Group HF), respectively. Obturation was performed with </span>zinc oxide eugenol cement<span> using an engine-driven Lentulo-spiral. The quality of the root filling was assessed immediately after obturation through radiographic examination. The pulpectomized teeth were then evaluated both clinically and radiographically over a two-year period.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The quality of obturation was superior in the root canals instrumented with pediatric rotary file systems compared to hand files. At the end of follow-up period, the clinical success rate was 100% and the radiological success rates were 88%, 92%, 92%, and 80% in Groups PF, KS, BG, and HF, respectively. The optimally filled pulpectomized primary molars resulted in a superior success rate than compared to underfilled or overfilled teeth.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The quality of obturation significantly influences the success rate of pulpectomized teeth. Therefore, the use of pediatric rotary files is recommended as rotary files contribute to a greater number of optimally filled canals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19977,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Dental Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"Pages 27-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139539506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corticosteroid injection in the treatment of a huge-size central giant cell granuloma in children: A case report","authors":"Serap Keskin Tunç ,&nbsp;Nihat Efe ,&nbsp;Ümit Ertaş","doi":"10.1016/j.pdj.2023.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdj.2023.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Central giant cell granulomas (CGCGs) of the jaw are benign intraosseous and </span>osteolytic lesions<span>. Their clinical presentation includes atypical aggressive lesions that cause severe damage early in life, and aggressive treatment is necessary in most cases to prevent recurrence. </span></span>Curettage<span><span> is the most preferred therapy, but in recent years, conservative therapy is also commonly used. Corticosteroid injection treatment, a conservative method, was planned for a developing male patient with difficulty in diagnosis and treatment due to the complications of resection. After clinical and radiologic evaluation of the patient, incisional biopsy was performed and the diagnosis of SDHG was made. The patient was treated with intralesional corticosteroids once a week for eight weeks. Since the patient's treatment was interrupted for 2 months due to the Covid-19 outbreak, 2 doses of intralesional corticosteroid (Sinakort-A 40 mg) were administered and the patient was followed up. At 12 months, clinical and panoramic radiographic examination revealed no pathologic findings related to the lesion. In this article, we report a </span>pediatric case of giant CGCG successfully treated with intralesional corticosteroid injection.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":19977,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Dental Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"Pages 49-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139454732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with nasal airway resistance in young children","authors":"Yoshikuni Fujiwara ,&nbsp;Shouji Hironaka ,&nbsp;Akiko Ishizaki ,&nbsp;Satoko Yamaguchi ,&nbsp;Akemi Utsumi ,&nbsp;Chihiro Ota ,&nbsp;Risa Ikeda","doi":"10.1016/j.pdj.2023.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdj.2023.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><p>This study investigated the association between nasal obstruction and its associated factors in young children by quantitatively measuring the nasal airway resistance (NAR).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 82 children aged 3–6 years (31 boys and 51 girls) were included in the study. Questionnaires were used to collect information about allergies, nasal diseases, stuffy nose, oral habits, and feeding behavior problems from the parents. Furthermore, measurements of the height, body weight, calf circumference, grip strength, tongue pressure, occlusal force, lip-closure strength, mouth rinsing function test, and NAR were taken.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The NAR was negatively correlated with the height and age of the children. Additionally, NAR was associated with feeding behavior problems, as reported by the parents of the children.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The findings of this study suggest that interviewing parents about their children's feeding behavior problems may prove valuable in diagnosing nasal disorders in young children. Early improvements in nasal obstruction may address feeding behavior problems and contribute to the normal growth and development of oral functions in young children.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19977,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Dental Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"Pages 8-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0917239423000599/pdfft?md5=130557e5de086e30997f8233b7bcb4e5&pid=1-s2.0-S0917239423000599-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138993306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Candida albicans and childhood dental caries in Japanese children","authors":"Yukina Ota ,&nbsp;Tatsuro Ito ,&nbsp;Momoko Sashida ,&nbsp;Eiji Hori ,&nbsp;Manami Kimijima ,&nbsp;Naoki Narisawa ,&nbsp;Osamu Tsuzukibashi ,&nbsp;Takehiko Shimizu","doi":"10.1016/j.pdj.2023.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdj.2023.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The possible association between <em>Candida</em> carriage in children and childhood caries has not been elucidated in the Japanese population. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, maternal relatedness, and genotypic distribution of <em>Candida albicans</em> in this population.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p><span>We collected dental plaque samples from 55 mother-child pairs in the Caries group and 25 pairs in the caries-free (CF) group to analyze microbial data (carriage and viable counts), focusing on </span><span><em>Streptococcus </em><em>mutans</em></span> and <em>C</em>. <em>albicans</em>. Clinically isolated 118 <em>Candida</em><span> strains were further evaluated using arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A higher <em>C</em>. <em>albicans</em> carriage rate was observed in the Caries pairs (25.5 % in children, 47.3 % in mothers) than in CF pairs (0 % in children, 24.0 % in mothers). The viable counts of <em>S</em>. <em>mutans</em> were significantly higher in the Caries group than in the CF group (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). In addition, <em>S</em>. <em>mutans</em> counts positively correlated with <em>C</em>. <em>albicans</em> counts in the dental plaque of caries-affected children (r = 0.549). Almost all <em>Candida</em>-positive children (92.9 %) were diagnosed with severe early childhood caries, and 79.7 % of <em>Candida</em> isolates from the mother-child pairs were similar at the strain level. <em>C</em>. <em>albicans</em> genotype A was the most predominant (70.6 %) strain, followed by genotype D (17.6 %) in dental plaques from children in the Caries group.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The presence of <em>C</em>. <em>albicans</em> is a risk factor for childhood caries in a Japanese population. Our findings provide new insights into maternal-child oral health instructions based on microbial factors associated with dental caries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19977,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Dental Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"Pages 1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139026097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prefabricated zirconia crown versus resin-bonded composite strip crown in the restoration of primary incisors: A 36-month parallel randomized controlled trial","authors":"Ahmad Abdel Hamid Elheeny ,&nbsp;Dania Ibrahem Sermani","doi":"10.1016/j.pdj.2023.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdj.2023.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><p>The trial aimed to compare the gingival health and clinical performance of prefabricated zirconia<span> crown (PZC) versus resin-bonded composite strip crowns (RCSC) in the restoration of primary maxillary incisors over 36-month.</span></p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p><span><span><span>A parallel randomized controlled trial<span> included 200 maxillary primary incisors (100 teeth per group) restored either with PZCs or RSCS. The gingival health and plaque accumulation were assessed using </span></span>gingival index (GI) and </span>plaque index (PI) respectively. To evaluate the clinical performance, the modified United States </span>Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria were used. Intergroup comparison was performed using a Chi-square test. Restoration longevity was assessed over the predetermined intervals using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) with robust standard errors was used to test the effect of time over the changes of repeated measures. The significance level was set to 5%.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The gingival health around PZCs is significantly better than that of RCSCs after 6 months. However, at the following follow-ups, GI scores of both restorations were comparable (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). All PZCs showed no plaque accumulation with a significant difference compared to the RCSCs over the follow-up intervals. The clinical performance of PZCs was significantly superior to that of RCSCs over the follow-ups in terms of retention and anatomical contour after 24 and 36 months. The survival rates of PZC and RCSC were 100% and 87% respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>After 36 months, the gingival health of PZC and RCSC was comparable. The retention and anatomical continuity of PZC were superior compared to RCSC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19977,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Dental Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"Pages 19-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139024954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prevalence and characteristics of molar-incisor hypomineralisation in Natal, Brazil","authors":"Layanny Silva Soares ,&nbsp;Eloisa Cesario Fernandes ,&nbsp;Patrícia Bittencourt Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.pdj.2023.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdj.2023.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To determine the prevalence and presentation patterns of molar-incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) in Brazilian children.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>A cross-sectional study was carried out with 715 individuals aged 8–17 years. MIH was diagnosed according to European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry<span> (EAPD) criteria, using intraoral photographs. Data were analysed using Chi Square and Pearson's Correlation tests at </span></span><em>α</em> = 0.05.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>The prevalence of MIH was 15.66 %. Mild defects represented by demarcated yellow and brown opacities comprised 83.5 % of the total MIH lesions and the severity of MIH lesions increased significantly as age increased. The average number of first molars<span> affected by MIH per child was 2.26, and 36 children (32.14 %) had at least one affected incisor. With the increase of affected molars, the number of incisors with opacities showed an obvious increasing. The maxillary left first molar was the most affected tooth, and the </span></span>maxillary central incisors<span> were the anterior teeth most frequently affected by MIH.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The prevalence of MIH was within the range of published studies and the severity of the defects was mostly mild.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19977,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Dental Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"Pages 14-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139018456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reparative giant cell granuloma in association with the developing maxilla: A case report","authors":"Raja Raghu ,&nbsp;Manoj Jaiswal ,&nbsp;Ashima Goyal ,&nbsp;Vidya Rattan","doi":"10.1016/j.pdj.2023.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdj.2023.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Reparative giant cell granuloma (RGCG) is a benign lesion with common gnathic expression in young patients. It is divided into aggressive and non-aggressive forms based on clinical and radiological features.</p></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><p><span><span>This is a case report of reparative granuloma of the maxilla in a six-year-old child who presented with asymptomatic </span>gingival overgrowth in the maxillary teeth region which was surgically excised. An aggressive recurrence was noted eight months after excision, which was then excised with wider margins under </span>general anesthesia. The case was finally diagnosed as the central type of RGCG with no further recurrence up till 36 months follow up.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Early recognition of RGCG is key to avoiding eventual demolitive outcomes. The complete wide excision of such lesions minimizes the chances of recurrence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19977,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Dental Journal","volume":"33 3","pages":"Pages 223-227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134995538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}