Parasitology最新文献_第7页

Suitability of invasive gobies as paratenic hosts for acanthocephalans of the genus Pomphorhynchus sp. 外来虾虎鱼作为庞氏棘尾鱼属副宿主的适宜性

IF 2.1 3区医学

Parasitology Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1017/S0031182024001197

Milen Nachev, Michael Hohenadler, Nicklas Bröckers, Daniel Grabner, Bernd Sures

{"title":"Suitability of invasive gobies as paratenic hosts for acanthocephalans of the genus Pomphorhynchus sp.","authors":"Milen Nachev, Michael Hohenadler, Nicklas Bröckers, Daniel Grabner, Bernd Sures","doi":"10.1017/S0031182024001197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182024001197","url":null,"abstract":"Ponto-Caspian gobies became highly abundant in many regions outside their native distribution range (e.g. in the Rhine River system). In the newly invaded habitats, the parasite communities of the invasive gobies are characterized by a lower species richness compared to their native range. Interestingly, acanthocephalans of the genus Pomphorhynchus are highly abundant, although they do not become mature and mostly remain encapsulated in the abdominal cavity as preadults. Thus, gobiids could either represent a dead-end host for Pomphorhynchus sp. declining its population (dilution effect) or act as a paratenic host that could increase the infection pressure if the infected gobies are preyed upon by appropriate definitive hosts (spill back). To determine which of the 2 scenarios the gobiids contribute to, we conducted 2 infection experiments using smaller and larger individuals of the definitive host chub (Squalius cephalus), infected with preadults of Pomphorhynchus sp. collected from the abdominal cavity of Neogobius melanostomus. The results showed that preadults were able to complete their development and mature in the definitive host with mean recovery rates of 17.9% in smaller and 27.0% in larger chubs. Successful infections were observed in 62.0% and 80.0% of the smaller and larger chubs, respectively. Our study demonstrated that gobies can theoretically serve as a paratenic host for acanthocephalans of the genus Pomphorhynchus, and that infection might spill back into the local fish community if infected gobies are preyed upon by suitable definitive hosts of Pomphorhynchus sp. such as large barbel or chub.","PeriodicalId":19967,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142625814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The burden and distribution of cystic echinococcosis in Bhutan: a retrospective study. 不丹囊性棘球蚴病的负担和分布：一项回顾性研究。

IF 2.1 3区医学

Parasitology Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1017/S0031182024001069

Chador Tenzin, Tashi Dendup, P R Torgerson, Peter Deplazes, Sonam Zangmo, Chador Wangmo, Tsheten Tsheten, Tandin Zangpo

{"title":"The burden and distribution of cystic echinococcosis in Bhutan: a retrospective study.","authors":"Chador Tenzin, Tashi Dendup, P R Torgerson, Peter Deplazes, Sonam Zangmo, Chador Wangmo, Tsheten Tsheten, Tandin Zangpo","doi":"10.1017/S0031182024001069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182024001069","url":null,"abstract":"Cystic echinococcosis (CE), caused by Echinococcus granulosus s.l. is a neglected zoonosis posing a significant public health challenge. Little is known about human CE in Bhutan. This study was conducted to gain an understanding of the burden, distribution, and potential risk factors of CE in Bhutan. From January 2015 to December 2019 data from Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital (JDWNRH) and 6 other district-level hospitals were reviewed. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data. DALYs and Poisson regression models were used to estimate the burden and explore the relationship between cases and possible risk factors. A total of 159 cases were recorded. Most cases (145) were admitted to the surgical ward and 14 cases were referred to India. The average annual incidence was 4.4 cases per 100 000 population. The burden of disease was estimated to be approximately 39 DALYs per year for treatment-seeking cases, or possibly 80 DALYs per year including non-treatment seeking cases. This translates to approximately to 5.2 DALYs and 10.2 per 100 000 per year respectively. The commonest sites of infection were the liver (78%) and lungs (13%). Most cases were treated with surgery (>82%), and more than 47% were admitted to the hospital for >4 days. Policy interventions targeting community engagement, awareness, education, high risk occupational groups, females, and those living in the endemic districts of the central and western regions may yield larger gains. More studies and the institution of a surveillance system can help better guide policy interventions.","PeriodicalId":19967,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142605764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Drug repurposing for hard-to-treat human alveolar echinococcosis: pyronaridine and beyond. 对难以治疗的人类肺泡棘球蚴病进行药物再利用：吡咯烷及其他。

IF 2.1 3区医学

Parasitology Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1017/S0031182024001124

Weisi Wang, Jun Li, Wenjing Qi, Ying Chen, Mengxiao Tian, Chuanchuan Wu, Yao Zhang, Yingfang Yu, Shuai Han, Xiumin Han, Liping Duan, Wenbao Zhang

{"title":"Drug repurposing for hard-to-treat human alveolar echinococcosis: pyronaridine and beyond.","authors":"Weisi Wang, Jun Li, Wenjing Qi, Ying Chen, Mengxiao Tian, Chuanchuan Wu, Yao Zhang, Yingfang Yu, Shuai Han, Xiumin Han, Liping Duan, Wenbao Zhang","doi":"10.1017/S0031182024001124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182024001124","url":null,"abstract":"Human alveolar echinococcosis is a hard-to-treat and largely untreated parasitic disease with high associated health care costs. The current antiparasitic treatment for alveolar echinococcosis relies exclusively on albendazole, which does not act parasiticidally and can induce severe adverse effects. Alternative, and most importantly, improved treatment options are urgently required. A drug repurposing strategy identified the approved antimalarial pyronaridine as a promising candidate against Echinococcus multilocularis infections. Following a 30-day oral regimen (80 mg kg−1 day−1), pyronaridine achieved an excellent therapeutic outcome in a clinically relevant hepatic alveolar echinococcosis murine model, showing a significant reduction in both metacestode size (72.0%) and counts (85.2%) compared to unmedicated infected mice, which revealed significantly more potent anti-echinococcal potency than albendazole treatment at an equal dose (metacestode size: 42.3%; counts: 4.1%). The strong parasiticidal activity of pyronaridine was further confirmed by the destructive damage to metacestode tissues observed morphologically. In addition, a screening campaign combined with computational similarity searching against an approved drug library led to the identification of pirenzepine, a gastric acid-inhibiting drug, exhibiting potent parasiticidal activity against protoscoleces and in vitro cultured small cysts, which warranted further in vivo investigation as a promising anti-echinococcal lead compound. Pyronaridine has a known drug profile and a long track record of safety, and its repurposing could translate rapidly to clinical use for human patients with alveolar echinococcosis as an alternative or salvage treatment.","PeriodicalId":19967,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142591121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neglected yet pervasive: echinococcosis awareness and prevention capacity in Kyrgyzstan. 被忽视却普遍存在：吉尔吉斯斯坦对棘球蚴病的认识和预防能力。

IF 2.1 3区医学

Parasitology Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1017/S0031182024001343

Dmitry Vishniakov, Mairamkul Turdumambetova, Nazgul Matkerimova, Kenesh Dzhusupov, Zildiz Sultanbaeva, Eldar Rafibekov

{"title":"Neglected yet pervasive: echinococcosis awareness and prevention capacity in Kyrgyzstan.","authors":"Dmitry Vishniakov, Mairamkul Turdumambetova, Nazgul Matkerimova, Kenesh Dzhusupov, Zildiz Sultanbaeva, Eldar Rafibekov","doi":"10.1017/S0031182024001343","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0031182024001343","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to assess the heterogeneity in the distribution of disease awareness, attitudes, and practices related to cystic echinococcosis (CE) in different subgroups and inform health authorities regionally and globally for future evidence-based tailored prevention practices in the region. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 242 participants from Kyrgyz Republic (KR), Issyk-Kul oblast, and utilized survey data to analyse demographics, household information, echinococcosis-related practices, and knowledge. Participants in high-risk environments (HRE) and engaging in high-risk behaviours (HRB) linked to CE contracting were identified. Out of 242 participants, 39% lived in HRE, with 22% engaging in HRB of contracting CE. 13% lived in HRE and engaged in HRB. Only 6% followed all preventive measures, while 56% followed some. 97.5% of participants had heard about CE, but only 6% identified all transmission routes, and 63.4% were unaware of dog contact as a route. Education reduced the odds of being in the highest risk group (HRE&HRB) (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.23–0.80). The study's findings are alarming, emphasizing factors contributing to regional endemicity. We anticipated a similar pattern in the neighbouring countries, given the shared nomadic customs and historical parallels. Examination of the heterogeneity of disease awareness and practices allows tailored prevention strategies. Urgent prevention programmes focusing on echinococcosis awareness in the KR are crucial to addressing challenges posed by nomadic habits.","PeriodicalId":19967,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142505757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genetic diversity of Dioctophyme renale in Southern South America. 南美洲南部 Dioctophyme renale 的遗传多样性。

IF 2.1 3区医学

Parasitology Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1017/S0031182024001379

Lucas F Arce, Florencia Facelli Fernández, Nahili Giorello, Marcos Butti, Lucas L Maldonado, Juan P Arrabal, María B Natalini, Martín Kowalewski, Daniela Pedrassani, Carol Silveira Mascarenhas, Josaine C da Silva Rappeti, Florencia Zilli, Pablo M Beldomenico, Verónica Lia, Gisela R Franchini, Laura Kamenetzky

引用次数: 0

Presence of Echinococcus eggs in the environment and food: a review of current data and future prospects. 环境和食物中的棘球蚴虫卵：当前数据回顾与未来展望。

IF 2.1 3区医学

Parasitology Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1017/S0031182024000945

Roxanne Barosi, Gérald Umhang

{"title":"Presence of Echinococcus eggs in the environment and food: a review of current data and future prospects.","authors":"Roxanne Barosi, Gérald Umhang","doi":"10.1017/S0031182024000945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182024000945","url":null,"abstract":"Cystic and alveolar echinococcosis are considered the second and third most significant foodborne parasitic diseases worldwide. The microscopic eggs excreted in the feces of the definitive host are the only source of contamination for intermediate and dead-end hosts, including humans. However, estimating the respective contribution of the environment, fomites, animals or food in the transmission of Echinococcus eggs is still challenging. Echinococcus granulosus and E. multilocularis seem to have a similar survival capacity regarding temperature under laboratory conditions. In addition, field experiments have reported that the eggs can survive several weeks to years outdoors, with confirmation of the relative susceptibility of Echinococcus eggs to desiccation. Bad weather (such as rain and wind), invertebrates and birds help scatter Echinococcus eggs in the environment and may thus impact human exposure. Contamination of food and the environment by taeniid eggs has been the subject of renewed interest in the past decade. Various matrices from endemic regions have been found to be contaminated by Echinococcus eggs. These include water, soil, vegetables and berries, with heterogeneous rates highlighting the need to acquire more robust data so as to obtain an accurate assessment of the risk of human infection. In this context, it is essential to use efficient methods of detection and to develop methods for evaluating the viability of eggs in the environment and food.","PeriodicalId":19967,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142472254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Novel miRNA biomarkers for alveolar echinococcosis: sequencing and clinical validation. 肺泡棘球蚴病的新型 miRNA 生物标记物：测序和临床验证。

IF 2.1 3区医学

Parasitology Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1017/S0031182024001367

Jideng Ma, Zian Li, Lanmin Liu, Xiaoqin Luo, Xiaoya Ma, Yumei Zhang, Lei Jiang, Xiangren A

{"title":"Novel miRNA biomarkers for alveolar echinococcosis: sequencing and clinical validation.","authors":"Jideng Ma, Zian Li, Lanmin Liu, Xiaoqin Luo, Xiaoya Ma, Yumei Zhang, Lei Jiang, Xiangren A","doi":"10.1017/S0031182024001367","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0031182024001367","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to explore extracellular microRNA derived from Echinococcus multilocularis (EM) in the plasma of patients with alveolar echinococcosis (AE) and assess its potential as a diagnostic biomarker. EM-derived miRNAs were identified in plasma samples from 20 AE patients through miRNA sequencing. Three novel miRNA molecules (emu-miR-novel 1, 2 and 3) were predicted through bioinformatic analysis to elucidate their chromosomal locations, secondary structures and precursor forms. Subsequently, plasma samples from 30 AE patients and 30 controls were utilized to establish an assay via stem-loop reverse transcription PCR, optimizing primers, reaction systems, and conditions to assess cross-reactivity and sensitivity. Clinical validation revealed that emu-miR-novel 1 had the highest diagnostic accuracy, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.8994, a P value of less than 0.0001, a sensitivity of 83.3%, and a specificity of 86.7%. Statistically significant differences were observed between the groups for emu-miR-novel 1 (P < 0.05), whereas emu-miR-novel 2 and 3 showed AUC values of 0.7922 and 0.6883, with P values of 0.0001 and 0.012, respectively, indicating no significant difference between groups (P > 0.05). Furthermore, the assay showed no cross-reactivity with samples from 18 common viruses, 4 parasitic infections, and miRNAs from AE sequenced from 8 species, confirming its high specificity. Emu-miR-novel 1 exhibited a sensitivity of 1 femtomolar. Emu-miR-novel 1 holds promise as a key diagnostic tool for AE, offering a novel perspective and approach for disease diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":19967,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142472253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pellets enriched with healthy hay and quebracho are not sufficient to control gastrointestinal nematodes in meat sheep commercial flocks. 添加了健康干草和坚木的颗粒不足以控制肉羊商业羊群中的胃肠道线虫。

IF 2.1 3区医学

Parasitology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1017/S0031182024001409

Léa Bordes, Corentin Souchon, Alice Claessens, Sophie Lavigne, Geneviève Bouix, Margaux Goyenetche, Laurence Sagot, Christelle Grisez, Guy-Gérard Merlande, Philippe Jacquiet

{"title":"Pellets enriched with healthy hay and quebracho are not sufficient to control gastrointestinal nematodes in meat sheep commercial flocks.","authors":"Léa Bordes, Corentin Souchon, Alice Claessens, Sophie Lavigne, Geneviève Bouix, Margaux Goyenetche, Laurence Sagot, Christelle Grisez, Guy-Gérard Merlande, Philippe Jacquiet","doi":"10.1017/S0031182024001409","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0031182024001409","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of AH multiresistant GIN compromises sustainability of grassland sheep farming worldwide. Plants rich in condensed tannins are an alternative method of parasitism management that is currently being explored. Feed supplementation trials with pellets rich in sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) and quebracho (Schinopsis spp.) were carried out. Three meat sheep farms in western France took part in the study and a total of 4 trials were carried out.During these 21-day trials, the ewes were returned to the sheepfold and half of them received a balanced ration supplemented with 70 g day−1 of healthy hay and quebracho pellets, while the other half received the same ration supplemented with 70 g day−1 of lucerne pellets. Fecal egg counts (FEC) were carried out at the start and end of each trial, and nematode species were identified by real-time PCR after larval culture. At D0, FEC were similar in both groups for all 4 trials. Proportions of species infecting the ewes varied from 1 trial to another: Haemonchus contortus was predominant in summer and Trichostrongylus colubriformis in winter. At D21, there were no significant differences in FEC between groups. Helminthofauna were not significantly different between groups, except for 1 trial where the proportion of H. contortus was reduced in the group supplemented with condensed-tannin pellets. The use of condensed tannins still requires additional studies to be advised as an effective method to manage gastrointestinal nematodes in farm.","PeriodicalId":19967,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":"1380-1385"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11894019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142625809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seasonal infestation patterns of ticks on Hokkaido sika deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis). 北海道梅花鹿（Cervus nippon yesoensis）身上蜱虫的季节性侵扰模式。

IF 2.1 3区医学

Parasitology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1017/S0031182024001227

Kotaro Shimizu, Michito Shimozuru, Masami Yamanaka, Genta Ito, Ryo Nakao, Toshio Tsubota

{"title":"Seasonal infestation patterns of ticks on Hokkaido sika deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis).","authors":"Kotaro Shimizu, Michito Shimozuru, Masami Yamanaka, Genta Ito, Ryo Nakao, Toshio Tsubota","doi":"10.1017/S0031182024001227","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0031182024001227","url":null,"abstract":"Ticks prefer specific feeding sites on a host that are influenced by host–tick and tick–tick interactions. This study focused on the spatiotemporal distribution of ticks in Hokkaido sika deer, an important tick host in Hokkaido, Japan. Tick sampling was performed on the sika deer in the Shiretoko National Park between June and October 2022. Ticks were collected from 9 different body parts of the deer to compare their attachment site preferences. Interspecific and intraspecific relationships among ticks were examined using co-occurrence analysis. The collected ticks were nymphal and adult stages of 4 species: Ixodes ovatus, Ixodes persulcatus, Haemaphysalis japonica and Haemaphysalis megaspinosa. Seasonal variations in tick burden were observed, with I. persulcatus and I. ovatus peaking in June and declining towards October; H. japonica showing low numbers in July and August and increasing from September; and H. megaspinosa appearing from September onwards with little variation. Attachment site preferences varied among species, with a significant preference for the pinna in I. ovatus and I. persulcatus. Haemaphysalis japonica was mainly found on the body and legs between June and August, and shifted to the pinna from September. Haemaphysalis megaspinosa showed a general preference for areas other than the legs. Co-occurrence analysis revealed positive, negative and random co-occurrence patterns among the tick species. Ticks of the same genus and species exhibited positive co-occurrence patterns; I. ovatus showed negative co-occurrence patterns with Haemaphysalis spp. This study revealed the unique attachment site preferences and distinct seasonal distributions of tick species in the Hokkaido sika deer.","PeriodicalId":19967,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":"1317-1325"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11894005/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142625811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mixed strongyle parasite infections vary across host age and space in a population of feral horses. 混合圆形寄生虫感染在野马种群中因宿主年龄和空间而异。

IF 2.1 3区医学

Parasitology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1017/S0031182024001185

Sangwook Ahn, Elizabeth M Redman, Stefan Gavriliuc, Jennifer Bellaw, John S Gilleard, Philip D McLoughlin, Jocelyn Poissant

{"title":"Mixed strongyle parasite infections vary across host age and space in a population of feral horses.","authors":"Sangwook Ahn, Elizabeth M Redman, Stefan Gavriliuc, Jennifer Bellaw, John S Gilleard, Philip D McLoughlin, Jocelyn Poissant","doi":"10.1017/S0031182024001185","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0031182024001185","url":null,"abstract":"Identifying factors that drive among-individual variation in mixed parasitic infections is fundamental to understanding the ecology and evolution of host–parasite interactions. However, a lack of non-invasive diagnostic tools to quantify mixed infections has restricted their investigation for host populations in the wild. This study applied DNA metabarcoding on parasite larvae cultured from faecal samples to characterize mixed strongyle infections of 320 feral horses on Sable Island, Nova Scotia, Canada, in 2014 to test for the influence of host (age, sex and reproductive/social status) and environmental (location, local density and social group membership) factors on variation. Twenty-five strongyle species were identified, with individual infections ranging from 3 to 18 species with a mean richness (±1 s.d.) of 10.8 ± 3.1. Strongyle eggs shed in faeces were dominated by small strongyle (cyathostomins) species in young individuals, transitioning to large strongyles (Strongylus spp.) in adults. Egg counts were highest in young individuals and in the west or centre of the island for most species. Individuals in the same social group had similar parasite communities, supporting the hypothesis that shared environment may drive parasite assemblages. Other factors such as local horse density, sex, date and reproductive/social status had minimal impacts on infection patterns. This study demonstrates that mixed infections can be dynamic across host ontogeny and space and emphasizes the need to consider species-specific infection patterns when investigating mixed infections.","PeriodicalId":19967,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":"1299-1316"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11894017/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142813902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0