Parasitology最新文献

{"title":"Human scabies and pediculosis in Ecuador: spatial distribution and environmental determinants.","authors":"Andrés Fernando Vinueza-Veloz, Marlon Calispa, Tannia Valeria Carpio-Arias, Estephany Tapia-Veloz, María Auxiliadora Dea-Ayuela, Miguel Mira Naranjo, Pamela Vinueza-Veloz","doi":"10.1017/S0031182026102078","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0031182026102078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parasitic diseases, including scabies and pediculosis, pose significant public health concerns, particularly in developing countries. Despite their non-lethal nature, these diseases can cause considerable morbidity. This study aimed to assess the national and subnational burden of scabies and pediculosis in Ecuador during 2021 and explore the spatial correlations between these diseases and environmental factors. An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted using 2021 outpatient data from Ecuador's Ministry of Public Health. Municipal incidence rates were calculated for scabies (ICD-10 B86) and pediculosis (ICD-10 B85). Local Indicators of Spatial Association analysis was performed to identify epidemiological hot and cold spots. Associations with climatic variables (rainfall, temperature and altitude) were examined using Wilcoxon tests and ordinary least squares regression. A total of 20 722 scabies cases and 3558 pediculosis cases were identified, with national incidences of 118.45 and 20.33 per 100 000 population, respectively. Both diseases were more frequent in women. Scabies hot spots were located in the Coast and Amazon regions and associated with higher rainfall, higher temperature and lower altitude. Pediculosis hot spots were located exclusively in the Amazon region and associated with higher rainfall and higher altitude. Climatic factors explained 24.3% of scabies variance but only 6.3% for pediculosis. This study underscores the importance of climatic and socio-environmental factors in the transmission of scabies and pediculosis and provides valuable epidemiological data for future control efforts in Ecuador.</p>","PeriodicalId":19967,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13420144/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147778307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nematodes inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract and accessory organs of cricetid rodents in Argentina and Chile: a systematic review.","authors":"Marlon Mauricio Ardila, Iván Benavides-Céspedes, José D Sarmiento-Roa, Richard Said Thomas, Adriana Santodomingo, Leidi Herrera, Pablo Oyarzún-Ruiz, AnaLía Henríquez, Sebastián Muñoz-Leal, Lucila Moreno, María Del Rosario Robles, Carlos Landaeta-Aqueveque","doi":"10.1017/S0031182026102029","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0031182026102029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>South American ecosystems harbour diverse cricetid rodents and their associated nematode parasites, with implications for ecology and zoonotic risk. We conducted a systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines to catalogue nematode <i>taxa</i> reported from the digestive tract and accessory organs of cricetid rodents in Argentina and Chile. Searches were carried out in five databases (PubMed, WoS, Scopus, SciELO, and Google Scholar) up to 10 January 2026. Parasitological descriptors, such as prevalence (P), mean abundance (_MA), and mean intensity (_MI) were estimated. We analysed 53 studies examining 4400 rodents (33 species), with <i>Abrothrix olivacea</i> (<i>n</i> = 1000 specimens) and <i>Akodon azarae</i> (<i>n</i> = 775 specimens) most frequently sampled. Ninety-two nematode <i>taxa</i> were reported, with <i>A. olivacea</i> exhibiting the highest richness (17 <i>taxa</i>). <i>Guerrerostrongylus zeta</i> showed the highest P (97.56% in <i>Oligoryzomys nigripes</i>), followed by <i>Stilestrongylus stilesi</i> (92.5% in <i>Necromys lasiurus</i>) Peak infection intensities occurred with <i>Stilestrongylus flavescens</i> in <i>O. flavescens</i> (_MA = 72.79/_MI = 126.7) and <i>St. stilesi</i> in <i>N. lasiurus</i> (_MA = 120/_MI = 129.73). This review provides the first comprehensive synthesis of gastrointestinal and hepatopancreatic nematodes in cricetid rodents from Argentina and Chile, highlighting research biases and priorities for advancing our understanding of nematode-cricetid rodent dynamics in the region. The overrepresentation of <i>A. olivacea</i> underscores the need to expand the range of cricetid rodent sampled and to increase the use of non-invasive and molecular diagnostic tools. Addressing these gaps will improve our understanding of nematode diversity and associated zoonotic risks in cricetid rodents in these countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":19967,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147778286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Historical texts and archaeological evidence for malaria and its interactions with humans from East to South Asia.","authors":"Guangze Li, Xintong Yuan, Tianyi Wang","doi":"10.1017/S0031182026102042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182026102042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is clear that malaria, a disease caused by <i>Plasmodium</i> spp., has burdened humans throughout our evolutionary paths and remains one of the deadliest maladies to date. Yet, in sharp contrast to the consequence, the human-malaria interaction is a topic that archaeologists do not understand well. This is partially due to the technical difficulties in extracting evidence from archaeological contexts, and partially due to a dearth of interdisciplinary review on this parasite - valuable information is thus veiled by technical as well as linguistic barriers. This review synthesizes archaeological, biological and ecological evidence to explore such interaction on the east side of the Eurasian continent - namely, East, Southeast and South Asia. Materials under scrutiny involve published genetic analysis on pertinent malaria species, ancient Chinese historical/medical documents and osteoarchaeological data on relevant skeletal markers. We examine how the evolution of both <i>Plasmodium</i> and humans engaged in this theatre, and highlight the role played by malaria in driving human demographic shifts as well as the biological and even societal resilience of people to its exposure. Interestingly, humans, in creating favourable environments for us - for instance, watering fields for rice cultivation - had inadvertently yet systematically made it suitable for malaria transmission as well.</p>","PeriodicalId":19967,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147778257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In cold blood: screening wild Alaskan moose (<i>Alces alces gigas</i>) for filarial nematode (Filarioidea: Onchocercidae) infections using a deep-amplicon sequencing approach.","authors":"Matthew R Kulpa, John A Crouse, Daniel P Thompson, Joe L Luksovsky, John C Blazier, John S Gilleard, Guilherme G Verocai","doi":"10.1017/S0031182026101991","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0031182026101991","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Moose are significant ecological, economical and cultural animals for the stakeholders of Alaska, USA. Thus, the impact of pathogens, like filarial nematodes, is a critical area of moose research. These vector-borne parasites, including <i>Setaria yehi</i>, and <i>Rumenfilaria andersoni</i>, can lead to severe health consequences (e.g., peritonitis). However, little is known about filarial nematode distribution, diversity and its associated life cycle with Alaskan moose hosts. Newly developed next-generation sequencing techniques offer the ability to efficiently screen multiple species of co-infecting filarial nematodes in a single sample and thus improve our ability to monitor and understand these parasites. Blood collected from wild moose in the Kenai Peninsula, AK, was screened using deep amplicon sequencing (DAS) with filarial nematode primers targeting the cytochrome oxidase c subunit 1 (<i>cox1</i>) gene. In addition, samples subjected to DAS were also screened using the Modified Knott's Test (MKT). <i>Setaria yehi</i> and <i>R. andersoni</i> were detected by both diagnostic methods. Overall, 190 moose samples were tested via DAS, with filarioid DNA being detected in 51.58% (98/190) of these. Out of a subset of 138 samples, filarioid nematodes were found in 50.72% (<i>n</i> = 70) and 57.25% (79/138) via DAS and MKT, respectively. However, 18 (13.04%) co-infections were detected by DAS compared to 12 (8.70%) identified via MKT. A DAS molecular tool for surveillance has several advantages when paired with host blood collection metadata (i.e., years, season, region, host age) to better understand filarial nematode life cycle and ecology.</p>","PeriodicalId":19967,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13423592/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147723638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Appraising the genetic diversity of <i>Dipylidium caninum</i>: first molecular evidence from Ghana, West Africa, in a global context.","authors":"Francis Addy, Emmanuel Atarikaki, Sonja Dumendiak, Ebenezer Kofi Nartey, Gideon Adu-Bonsu, Sylvester Rudolf Darko, Kuba Cain Pachala, Bismark Wasiru, Mujahid Mohammed, Emmanuel Dzubi, Frank Yajaboum Lijowul, Abdul Aalim Wahab Suhuyini, Thomas Romig, Marion Wassermann","doi":"10.1017/S0031182026102054","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0031182026102054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Dipylidium caninum</i> is a globally distributed zoonotic cestode commonly found in dogs and cats. Recent molecular studies have identified 2 major, primarily host-associated genotypic clades. However, these findings are based on geographically restricted datasets and therefore may not capture the full extent of the species' genetic diversity. Molecular data from many endemic regions remain scarce or entirely absent. In this study, <i>D. caninum</i> isolates collected from dogs in northern Ghana were characterized using partial fragments of the mitochondrial <i>nad1</i> and <i>cox1</i> genes. Parsimony analyses identified 4 haplotypes for <i>cox1</i> and 7 for <i>nad1</i>. For both genes, the Ghanaian isolates clustered within the globally recognized canine and feline genotypic groups, with the canine genotype predominating. When integrated into the existing global dataset, the analyses resolved 3 well-supported phylogenetic clades, designated as genotypes: 1 canine-associated G1 and 2 feline-canine-associated genotypes G2a and G2b. This study provides the first molecular data for <i>D. caninum</i> from Ghana, West Africa, contributes to a broader understanding of the global population structure and establishes a basis for future investigations into the biogeography of this cestode.</p>","PeriodicalId":19967,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147723563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new species of <i>Gastronodus</i> Singh, 1934 (Nematoda: Spirocercidae) from <i>Micaelamys namaquensis</i> (A. Smith, 1834) (Rodentia: Muridae) in the Nama-Karoo, South Africa.","authors":"Ernst Schlemmer, Kerstin Junker, Yasen Mutafchiev, Conrad A Matthee, Sonja Matthee","doi":"10.1017/S0031182026102030","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0031182026102030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite several recent studies, the helminth diversity of small mammals in South Africa remains poorly understood. During a survey conducted from 2023 to 2025 on the helminth assemblages of rodents in the Western Cape Province, South Africa, nematodes were collected from the stomach of a female <i>Micaelamys namaquensis</i> in the Nama-Karoo biome. For one of the nematode species identified, morphological characters, based on light and electron microscopy, corresponded to the genus <i>Gastronodus</i>: a short, heavily sclerotized buccal capsule armed with 6 teeth, the presence of 3 pairs of pedunculate postcloacal papillae as well as dissimilar and unequal spicules in males and a vulva situated at the level of the glandular oesophagus in females. The presence of 3, rather than 2, pairs of postcloacal pedunculate papillae distinguishes our specimens from the closely related genera <i>Cylicospirura, Skrjabinocercina</i> and <i>Spirocerca</i>. Furthermore, the presence of 4-5 vs 6-7 pairs of pedunculate precloacal papillae distinguishes them from their single currently recognized congener, <i>Gastronodus strasseni</i> sampled from <i>Suncus murinus</i> in India. Based on these results, we here describe <i>Gastronodus karooensis</i> n. sp. Phylogenetic analyses of the mtDNA <i>cox1</i> gene suggest some affiliation with the genus <i>Spirocerca</i> and provide some support for their placement in the Spirocercidae. This is the first record of the genus <i>Gastronodus</i> in Africa. The description of a new species of Spirocercidae from <i>M. namaquenis</i> highlights the need for further studies as the nematode diversity in wild hosts in South Africa is currently underestimated.</p>","PeriodicalId":19967,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147723577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overlap in parasite communities among vervet monkeys, humans, livestock and dogs at Lake Nabugabo, Uganda.","authors":"Pooja Upadhayay, Martin Kváč, Kelly M Sambucci, Eva Nosková, Vladislav Ilík, Barbora Pafčo, Nikola Holubova, Barbora Červená, Valerie A M Schoof","doi":"10.1017/S0031182026101978","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0031182026101978","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Zoonotic parasites are a growing concern in regions where humans, domestic animals and wildlife live in close proximity. Understanding parasite communities overlap across hosts is essential for understanding transmission risks. In this study, we used sedimentation technique followed by microscopy, and molecular techniques for the identification of strongylid nematodes, <i>Strongyloides</i>, and protists in vervet monkeys (<i>Chlorocebus pygerythrus, N</i> = 75), household latrines (<i>N</i> = 25), dogs (<i>Canis lupus familiaris, N</i> = 25) and livestock (<i>N</i>_cows = 9, <i>N</i>_goats = 7, <i>N</i>_pigs = 9) at Lake Nabugabo, Uganda to compare parasite assemblages across hosts within the same habitat. We identified 33 unique parasite taxa with 18 in dogs, 14 in livestock and 10 each in vervets and latrine samples. There was a significant difference in the parasite infection rate between vervets (88%), latrines (24%), livestock (44%) and dogs (40%). Samples harboured at least 7 known genera of strongylid nematodes, with <i>Ancylostoma, Murshidia</i> and <i>Oesophagostomum</i> being the most prevalent. Protists diversity varied across hosts. Species-specific <i>Cryptosporidium</i> taxa occurred in dogs, goats (<i>Capra aegagrus hircus</i>) and pigs (<i>Sus scrofa domesticus)</i>, and <i>C. andersoni</i> was detected in both dogs (4%) and cows (<i>Bos taurus</i>, 8%). <i>Giardia intestinalis</i> assemblage A was found in vervets (1.3%), dogs (16%) and latrine samples (12%). <i>Enterocytozoon bieneusi</i> occurred only in latrine samples, while <i>Encephalitozoon</i> sp. occurred only in vervets (4%). Our results show limited overlap between vervets and other hosts but highlight shared <i>Giardia</i> among animals and latrine samples, indicating key points of potential zoonotic transmission in this human-modified landscape.</p>","PeriodicalId":19967,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147699246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Paradiplozoon garra</i> n. sp. (Monogenea, Diplozoidae), a new species from <i>Garra surgifrons</i> (Cyprinidae, Labeoninae) in Southwest China.","authors":"Lu Shen, Feiyan Meng, Lixian Fan","doi":"10.1017/S0031182026102005","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0031182026102005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In a parasitological survey conducted in 2025 at a fish farm in Kunming, southwest China, a new diplozoid species was discovered on <i>Garra surgifrons</i>, representing the first record of a diplozoid previously reported from fish within the genus <i>Garra</i> in China. Morphological and molecular evidence confirm that the new species is clearly differentiated from <i>Paradiplozoon bingolensis</i>, the only diplozoid previously reported from <i>Garra</i> fishes. Phylogenetic analyses place the new species at the basal position of Chinese <i>Paradiplozoon</i> species. Considering the natural distribution of its host in Yunnan province and adjacent areas of Myanmar and Laos, southwestern China and Southeast Asia may represent important centres of origin and diversification for East Asian <i>Paradiplozoon</i> species. This study highlights the underestimated diversity, host specificity and biogeographic structure of diplozoids in East Asia and underscores the need for expanded sampling in Yunnan and neighbouring Southeast Asian regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19967,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13423593/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147699231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic review of triploidy among parasitic worms.","authors":"Viktor Kovalov, Barbora Trubenová","doi":"10.1017/S003118202610198X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S003118202610198X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parasitic worms have significant medical, veterinary and economic importance. Numerous studies have therefore addressed various aspects of parasitic worms' biology. In contrast, the ploidy of parasitic worms remains comparatively understudied, despite a few known triploid species. Polyploidy is known to have phenotypic and genetic effects in animals, which can lead to changes at the evolutionary scale. The evolutionary consequences of polyploidy have been addressed in host-parasite systems; however, most studies have focused on the host perspective, with relatively few studies examining the parasitic side of the story. This review provides available information on the distribution of triploidy among parasitic worms, along with information on such aspects as reproduction, origin of triploidy and life history. Across 100 selected papers (out of 416 screened), triploidy was reported for 15 parasitic Platyhelminthes and 13 parasitic Nematoda. Most triploid species of parasitic worms (24 out of 28) were documented at the adult stage. Triploid lineages reported for the adult stage reproduce predominantly via parthenogenesis. Finally, the paper discusses the potential effects of ploidy variation for host-parasite dynamics and adaptation rates of parasitic worms. In particular, how parasitic worms adapt to their hosts despite potential constraints of asexuality. As well as whether triploid individuals outcompete diploid conspecifics when both ploidy levels coinfect the host, as could be expected if triploids have higher virulence.</p>","PeriodicalId":19967,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147691631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights on the morphological aspects of lipid accumulation and excretion in adult <i>Caryophyllaeus brachycollis</i> (Cestoda, Caryophyllidea).","authors":"Larisa Poddubnaya, Massimo Lorenzoni, Galina I Izvekova, Antonella Carosi, Bahram Sayyaf Dezfuli","doi":"10.1017/S0031182026101930","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0031182026101930","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This is the first ultrastructural study of an adult tapeworm providing data on the morphological aspects of the pathways of lipid excretion via the tegumental surface and excretory system in the monozoic tapeworm <i>Caryophyllaeus brachycollis</i> (Janiszewska, 1953) from the chub <i>Squalius tenellus</i> (Heckel, 1843) obtained from a lake in the Bosnia-Herzegovina Federation. Our study has shown that the release of lipid droplets onto the parasite-host interface from the tegumental cytoplasm is carried out with the participation of tegumental vesicles, which clustered and fused with each other to form electron-lucent, membrane-bound sacs around lipid droplets. The ultrastructural pattern of the excretory bladder is presented for the first time for an adult tapeworm. In <i>C. brachycollis</i>, the syncytial epithelial lining of both the distal and proximal bladder is a derivative of the tegumental distal cytoplasm of the posterior body surface. Variations in the structural organization of both bladder parts were observed in the kinds of luminal microtriches and in the presence of large cytoplasmic protrusions in the proximal bladder. In <i>C. brachycollis</i>, the lipid droplets are released into the proximal bladder lumen via 10 collecting descending excretory ducts. In adult mature monozoic caryophyllidean tapeworms, an accumulation of a large number of sarcoplasmic lipid droplets is observed and their presence in the protonephridial cyrtocytes is revealed at the posterior body end, where there are the reproductive organs and ducts.</p>","PeriodicalId":19967,"journal":{"name":"Parasitology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147691636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}