Pain Management Nursing最新文献

{"title":"Integrating the Numeric Rating Scale into Emergency Nursing Practice: An Integrative Review.","authors":"Federico Miriello, Sara Di Stefano, Daniela Cattani, Stefano Mancin, Alessandra Dacomi, Giuseppina Tomaiuolo, Daniele Napolitano, Mattia Bozzetti, Alessio Lo Cascio, Sarah Scollo, Simone Cosmai, Diego Lopane, Beatrice Mazzoleni","doi":"10.1016/j.pmn.2026.03.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmn.2026.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To examine the role of the numeric rating scale (NRS) in emergency department (ED) triage, evaluating its strengths, limitations, and impact on nursing workflow (including time to analgesia administration, documentation practices, and protocol adherence) and patient outcomes (including pain relief efficacy, patient satisfaction, and analgesic treatment patterns).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Integrative review following Whittemore and Knafl's (2005) framework for data synthesis and analysis, with reporting guided by PRISMA 2020 guidelines for systematic review transparency.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library were searched for studies published from January 2017 to October 2025.</p><p><strong>Review methods: </strong>Primary studies conducted in adult ED settings across Europe, Asia, the Middle East, and Canada that utilized NRS (alone or compared with other validated pain scales) were included. Risk of bias was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine studies involving 132,047 adult patients (age range: 18-96 years) met inclusion criteria. Thematic synthesis of findings across heterogeneous study designs revealed three main patterns: (1) NRS demonstrates rapid administration and high patient acceptability, with preference rates reaching 50% compared to visual analog scales and verbal descriptor scales; (2) numerical scores do not always reflect analgesic needs-17.8% of patients with mild pain (NRS 0.5-3) requested treatment, while 35% with severe pain (NRS 7-10) declined; (3) nurse-initiated protocols based on NRS were associated with 45.6%-62.5% reductions in time to analgesia, improved documentation practices (10%-56%), and higher patient satisfaction with pain management measured at discharge (>9/10), though exclusive reliance on numerical scores may overlook clinical, emotional, and behavioral indicators.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NRS remains a fundamental tool for pain assessment in EDs, but measures only pain intensity and does not constitute a holistic pain assessment. It should therefore be embedded within structured protocols and complemented by additional assessment tools to capture the multidimensional nature of pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":19959,"journal":{"name":"Pain Management Nursing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147639071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Physical Exercise for Chronic Pain Relief in Hemophilia Patients.","authors":"Xiaolian Wu, Jing Ni, Baodong Ye, Yufen Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.pmn.2026.02.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmn.2026.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the efficacy and safety of physical exercise (PE) in managing chronic pain in adults with hemophilia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted on literature published from December 2014 to August 2025, encompassing clinical decision documents, practice guidelines, systematic reviews, and expert consensus statements. Methodological quality was assessed using the JBI appraisal tools, and evidence was synthesized thematically to generate best-evidence statements.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixteen publications were included, resulting in 33 best-evidence statements categorized into six domains. PE was found to effectively reduce pain, improve physical function, and enhance well-being, with a favorable safety profile under prophylactic treatment support.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Significant benefits can be achieved when PE interventions are implemented and adhered to in adults with hemophilia, effectively supporting chronic pain management. This study provides a scientific basis for designing individualized exercise programs, highlighting the importance of multimodal approaches and collaborative, tailored interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19959,"journal":{"name":"Pain Management Nursing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147623474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Meta-Analysis of Sex Differences in Pain Threshold, Tolerance, and Intensity.","authors":"Teresa A Graziano, Olivia Orphanos, José Ortiz, Natalie J Shook","doi":"10.1016/j.pmn.2026.02.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmn.2026.02.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Over the past 70 years, substantial research investigating sex differences in pain sensitivity has suggested that males may have higher pain thresholds and tolerances than females. However, no meta-analytic review has been conducted in over 20 years.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies examining sex differences in pain threshold, tolerance, and intensity.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Scopus, Embase, and PsycInfo.</p><p><strong>Review/analysis methods: </strong>Effect size of sex was assessed across studies for threshold, tolerance, and intensity, with moderation testing for sample type (clinical vs. healthy) and pain stimulus type. Sources were assessed to determine the extent of sex and gender conflation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety studies (7,464 participants for pain threshold, 4,935 for tolerance, and 4,911 for intensity) were included and assessed for bias. Sex and gender were conflated in 91.7% of threshold studies, 81.6% of tolerance studies, and 81.6% of intensity studies. Males had significantly higher pain thresholds (d = 0.66), higher pain tolerance (d = 0.79), and lower pain intensity (d = -0.58) than females. Publication bias was identified for all outcomes. Pain stimulus type significantly moderated sex differences in pain threshold, with electrical stimuli producing the largest difference. Clinical samples exhibited smaller sex differences in pain tolerance than healthy samples.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although sex differences in pain sensitivity seem to be robust, effect size varies depending on stimulus and sample type. It remains unclear whether sex or gender contributes to the identified effects given the extent to which these constructs have been conflated.</p><p><strong>Nursing practice implications: </strong>Clinical implications and future directions are discussed. © 20XX by the American Society for Pain Management Nursing.</p>","PeriodicalId":19959,"journal":{"name":"Pain Management Nursing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147616389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When the Thunder Doesn’t Stop: Rethinking Post-SAH Headache Treatment","authors":"Kathy Baule DNP, RN, APRN, ACNS-BC, CCRN, CNRN, RNFA ,&nbsp;Sydney Baule BSN, RN, CCRN","doi":"10.1016/j.pmn.2026.01.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmn.2026.01.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Persistent headache attributed to non-traumatic aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is an issue in both the acute and the chronic periods. While these types of patient symptoms are treated in a critical setting, the headache continues past discharge from the hospital. As treatment options for aneurysms have advanced over the years including an open craniotomy and endovascular approach, the treatment for headaches related to an aSAH have been limited. There has been little investigation into the treatment of lasting headaches related to an aSAH. Providers caring for individuals suffering from aSAH are focused more on securing the aneurysm and evaluating the life-threatening etiologies associated with aSAH including re-bleeding, hydrocephalus, vasospasm, infection, delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) and cerebrospinal fluid leak with maintenance of external ventricular drains. All these interventions carry additional discomfort to treat this life-threatening etiology. The heterogeneity in which people develop aSAH headaches and the lack of clinical risk factors of why some individuals develop persistent post aSAH headache is unclear. Likewise, the treatment for persistent non-traumatic aSAH efficacy is not well understood or evaluated. The aim of this presentation is to review previous and current treatment options to treat acute post aSAH headaches. Aneurysmal SAH guidelines have limited to no recommendations for headache treatment. There have been, however, reports of treatment options addressing pathophysiological causes have led to reduced headache severity. This presentation revealed medication management, electrolyte replacements and nerve blocks have been beneficial for the treatment of SAH treatment. This presentation will explore opiate and non-opiate treatment options such as gabapentinoids, corticosteroids, acetaminophen/butalbital/caffeine, lidocaine infusions . The presentation will consider electrolytes replacements with selective nerve blocks such as pterygopalatine fossa field block and sphenopalatine ganglion block as an avenue to address non-traumatic aSAH headaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19959,"journal":{"name":"Pain Management Nursing","volume":"27 2","pages":"Page e226"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147570676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Needles Don’t Have to be Scary: Implementing a Multimodal Bundle for Pain & Fear Management during Pediatric Needle Procedures","authors":"Julie Marshall DNP, RN, CCM, CNE, PED-BC,&nbsp;Amy Selimos","doi":"10.1016/j.pmn.2026.01.047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmn.2026.01.047","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Children and families state needle procedures as a main source of pain and stress during hospitalization, contributing to pediatric medical traumatic stress. Negative experiences with needle procedures in youth lead to vaccine hesitation, medication refusal, avoidance of health care, and decreased health-related quality of life, while sensitive and developmentally appropriate care paves the way for positive future healthcare encounters.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;This session focuses on the rollout of a needle pain mitigation bundle within a large freestanding children’s hospital. The bundle includes evidence-based interventions to decrease pain and distress during pediatric needle procedures. To address inequities and discrepancies in pediatric needle procedure experiences by implementing a standardized, multimodal bundle for pain mitigation to ensure equitable, evidence-based care. In the absences of a defined standard of care, pediatric patients have vastly different experiences for the same medical procedures. We implemented a new multimodal needle procedure bundle which includes evidenced-based interventions, including developmentally appropriate preparation, anxiety reduction techniques, and pain mitigation tools to address these inequities and support best practice in pediatric nursing care.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Methods: Bundle Components using PANDA UP acronym. &lt;strong&gt;P&lt;/strong&gt;eparing the patient, reducing &lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt;nxiety, &lt;strong&gt;N&lt;/strong&gt;umbing the site, &lt;strong&gt;D&lt;/strong&gt;istracting the patient, having a calming &lt;strong&gt;A&lt;/strong&gt;ttitude, &lt;strong&gt;U&lt;/strong&gt;nderstanding roles, and &lt;strong&gt;P&lt;/strong&gt;ositioning for comfort. Multidisciplinary Expertise: Nurses, emotional safety specialist, child life specialists, pharmacists, and supply chain team collaborated on this project. Implementation: Training resources provided to the nursing, phlebotomy, and care teams. Development of standing orders and flowsheet documentation to support consistent adoption.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Results: Increased documentation of nonpharmacological interventions surged from zero to thousands, improving visibility into care practices. Pharmacological Interventions: Applications of topical lidocaine options rose dramatically from approximate 50 per month to over 600 instances per month, and continuing to rise. Caring Environment: The bundle facilitated reduced stress, pain, and fear, resulting in improved coping, cooperation, and patient experience during needle procedures. Some units show improvement in pain &amp; discomfort on patient/family experience surveys.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Future Implications: The bundle demonstrates feasibility of implementing a standardized pain mitigation bundle across a large system and the profound impact on pediatric care. By addressing pain and fear in young patients, nurses foster improved coping mechanisms and cooperation during procedures. The benefits extend beyond immediate experiences, positively shaping children’s long-term willingness to engage with","PeriodicalId":19959,"journal":{"name":"Pain Management Nursing","volume":"27 2","pages":"Page e235"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147570732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"More than Constipation: Opioids' Impact on the Gut","authors":"Bobbie Sue Brown MS, BA","doi":"10.1016/j.pmn.2026.01.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmn.2026.01.022","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The role of opioids in pain management remains a mainstay in treatment for chronic non-cancer pain and cancer pain. The most common side effect from opioids is opioid-induced constipation (OIC) which can be a persistent complication. Research reveals the effects of opioids on gastrointestinal function may extend beyond merely acting on enteric mu-opioid receptors to slow down transit time, such as the potential role of the Gut Microbiome and clinical implications of opioid activity on Intestinal Permeability, Dysbiosis, &amp; Impact on Pain Regulation. The pathophysiology of opioids on GI function includes activation of mu-opioid receptors altering the function and organization of tight junctions between the gut epithelial cells of the small intestine leading to bowel dysfunction. Enteric epithelial glial cells can be adversely affected with opioid use. Mu-opioid receptor agonism signaling compromises the intestinal barrier. Opioid use can affect intestinal permeability through a variety of mechanisms. Growing evidence in the literature supports an opioid-induced change in gut microbiota, an alteration of epithelial barrier permeability, and an increased risk of bacterial translocation. Prolonged morphine administration causes \"leaky-gut\", characterized by a disrupted intestinal epithelial barrier, which permits bacterial translocation. Leaky-gut has been recognized as the main mechanism of bacterial translocation, which activates enteric glia, leading to the massive release of pro-inflammatory mediators. The \"neuroinflammation\" phenomenon plays a key role in most chronic pain syndromes. The resulting altered gut microbiota has been implicated in most challenging conditions related to chronic opioid use, such as tolerance, addiction, and reward. Gut dysbiosis in cancer patients could be a new target for treatment in cancer patients. Restoring the physiological gut bacteria may represent a promising therapeutic option for managing gastrointestinal symptoms and help optimize analgesia for cancer patients using opioids. Gut microbiota may influence many types of chronic pain, including visceral, inflammatory, headache, neuropathic pain and affects opioid tolerance. Gut microbiota can directly modulate dorsal root ganglia neuronal excitability and regulate neuroinflammation in the peripheral and central nervous systems under chronic pain conditions. The bi-directional communication between the gut microbiota and the brain (ie, Gut Brain Axis) appears to also be mediated by other major pathways: Endocrine (cortisol), Immune (cytokines) and Neural (vagus nerve and enteric nervous system). Pain regulation is believed to occur through multiple gut microbiota derived mediators impacting peripheral sensitization and gut microbiota may regulate neuroinflammation involved in central sensitization. Ongoing research in the human gut microbiome is significantly reshaping our understanding of diseases in various fields of medicine, including pain medic","PeriodicalId":19959,"journal":{"name":"Pain Management Nursing","volume":"27 2","pages":"Pages e226-e227"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147570730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dialing Down the Heat of Intrathecal Pain Pumps: Considerations for Use and Implications for Nursing Practice","authors":"Anna Grosse DNP, APRN, AGNP-C","doi":"10.1016/j.pmn.2026.01.050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmn.2026.01.050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intrathecal drug delivery (IDD) therapy has emerged as an effective treatment for chronic and cancer-associated pain. There is a general lack of awareness about IDD therapy and intrathecal (IT) pain pump management. Often, when IDD therapy is being considered, these patients experience inadequate pain control with standard treatment modalities or adverse drug effects that are potentially life-threatening. This presentation aims to provide pain management nurses at all levels with a comprehensive understanding of IDD therapy, including indications for use, device implantation, and medical management in acute and ambulatory settings. Key considerations will include evaluating the benefits and risks of IDD therapy, essential nursing assessments, and strategies for minimizing risk. This includes adverse events such as infection, catheter complications, and medication-related side effects. Essential to IT pain pump management is an interdisciplinary team approach, including the critical role of nursing for patient education. Additionally, the session will explore long-term management strategies essential for optimizing outcomes. By addressing these critical aspects, this presentation seeks to enhance pain management nursing practices and improve patient care in the realm of advanced pain management therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19959,"journal":{"name":"Pain Management Nursing","volume":"27 2","pages":"Page e236"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147570735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Moderating Role of Intervention Protocol Adherence on Outcomes in Adults with Opioid-Treated Chronic Low Back Pain","authors":"Fatih Kunkul PhD, MPH, BSN ,&nbsp;Aleksandra E. Zgierska MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Roger L. Brown PhD ,&nbsp;Linda D. Oakley PhD, RN","doi":"10.1016/j.pmn.2026.01.055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmn.2026.01.055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Adherence to intervention protocols is critical for optimizing treatment outcomes for chronic low back pain (CLBP). This study investigates whether adherence moderates the effects of behavioral interventions—mindfulness-based therapy (MBT)and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)—on pain intensity, function, QoL, and opioid dose in adults with opioid-treated CLBP.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A multi-site RCT assessed the comparative effectiveness of MBT and CBT among 770 adults with opioid-treated CLBP, recruited from clinics and community by teams from the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and the University of Utah. The interventions consisted of eight weekly 2-hour group sessions (8-week duration) of either MBT or CBT. Intervention adherence was assessed using home practice logs (minutes per day) of MBT or CBT exercises. Moderation analyses (Stata software) tested the interaction effects between the interventions and intervention adherence on main outcomes post-intervention (3 months post-enrollment): pain intensity, function, QoL (mental and physical), and daily opioid dose. To address distributional assumptions for opioid dose, we applied a Box-Cox transformation to identify the optimal transformation, which closely approximated a log transformation but provided a better model fit for the outcome. Propensity score weighting was used to control for baseline differences and confounding factors (e.g., age, gender, race, education, relationship status, income, smoking status, and depression and anxiety symptom scores).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age of participants was 57.8 years (SD=11.3), 56.9% were female, and the majority were White (80.1%) and Not-Hispanic/Latino (87.2%), with nearly half married (45.8%) and over one-third with individual earnings &lt;$16,000 annually (35.5%). The average number of practice minutes was 880.15 (SD = 1098.81). Higher intervention adherence was associated with greater reductions in pain intensity (p=0.032) and greater increases in mental health QoL (p=0.028) at 3 months, compared to baseline. No statistically significant relationship was noted between intervention adherence and changes in physical health QoL and opioid dose. Adherence to the intervention was associated with more substantial improvements in physical functioning. The influence of higher adherence on pain intensity and mental health-related QoL demonstrated a consistent pattern across participants.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Intervention protocol adherence benefited pain and mental health QoL outcomes in adults with opioid-treated CLBP. Strategies to support adherence through patient education and behavioral reinforcement could help boost adherence, and, as such, outcomes. Further studies can focus on elucidating the impact of intervention adherence and ways for boosting it.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19959,"journal":{"name":"Pain Management Nursing","volume":"27 2","pages":"Page e237"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147570797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Centered & Present: Holistic Self-Care Strategies to Sustain the Pain Management Nurse","authors":"Marie O’Brien DNP, ANP-C, PMGT-BC, CCRN,&nbsp;Patricia Dodd MSN, ANP-C, PMGT-BC,&nbsp;Laura Vinci MSN, NP, RN, AGPCNP-BC, PMGT-BC, APHN-BC,&nbsp;Christine Cirolli MSN, RN (Yoga Teacher),&nbsp;Margaret Scharback ADN, RN, HN-BC","doi":"10.1016/j.pmn.2026.01.045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmn.2026.01.045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nurses who care for patients with persistent pain often bring compassion, skill, and presence to their practice—but this vital work can also lead to stress, fatigue, and emotional depletion over time. This interactive 4-hour workshop is designed to restore and re-energize the pain management nurse through the integration of evidence-informed self-care practices rooted in holistic nursing. Participants will explore and experience practical self-care strategies, including aromatherapy, self-massage, reflexology techniques, mindfulness practices, and breathwork. These approaches can be easily integrated into a nurse’s daily routine to reduce stress, promote relaxation, and foster resilience.The workshop blends didactic learning with hands-on skill-building and reflective practices, offering nurses both the knowledge and the lived experience of these techniques. Participants will leave with an individualized self-care plan and practical tools to use both personally and professionally. By cultivating their own wellbeing, pain management nurses are better positioned to offer the compassionate, focused, and evidence-based care their patients deserve. This session aligns with holistic nursing values and supports the critical connection between caregiver wellbeing and quality patient care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19959,"journal":{"name":"Pain Management Nursing","volume":"27 2","pages":"Page e234"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147570800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Pain Management Nursing Membership to Advance Equitable and Ethical Care","authors":"Navneet Strickland DNP, FNP-BC, AP-PMN, ONC","doi":"10.1016/j.pmn.2026.01.065","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pmn.2026.01.065","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The purpose of this analysis is to describe the current characteristics of American Society for Pain Management Nursing (ASPMN) members and to explore opportunities to expand membership in ways that support ethical, equitable, and safe pain management for all populations.</div></div><div><h3>Background</h3><div>ASPMN’s position statement on Disparities, Inequities, and Injustices in Populations with Pain and it’s accompanying article: Disparities, Inequities, and Injustices in Populations with Pain Nursing: Recommendations Supporting ASPMN’s Position Statement recognize that a well prepared inclusive pain management nursing workforce may affect patient outcomes related to pain. Nurses should be capable of addressing pain across all populations, including those differentiated by socioeconomic status, insurance coverage, gender, race/ethnicity, and ability to advocate for complexities in pain management. To achieve this vision, it is essential to understand who ASPMN serves, its member characteristics and where opportunities for outreach and inclusion exist.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We reviewed membership data available through ASPMN and compared it to data on the nursing workforce in the National Center for Health Workforce Analysis. We also reviewed social determinants of healthcare and the disparities in healthcare identified by the domains within the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD) Research Framework. Variables such as gender, work setting, and geographical distribution of members were reviewed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Available data included gender distribution and work setting, with most members identifying as female, practicing in acute care or academic settings, and having a bachelor’s or advanced degree. Membership is represented across multiple states, categorized by region. However, key demographic variables were absent, including race, ethnicity, age, socioeconomic status, and rural/urban location. While ASPMN does not currently collect data on the ethnicity and minority status of its members, we reviewed national nursing workforce data from the National Center for Health Workforce Analysis and the American Association of Colleges of Nursing Workforce Factsheet, which provide statistics on race, ethnicity, gender, and other demographics.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The lack of data on race, ethnicity, age, socioeconomic status, and geographic setting limits ASPMN’s ability to measure and improve diversity within its membership. Collecting these variables in future membership applications could provide essential benchmarks and inform strategies to broaden inclusion and reach communities underserved by pain management nurse specialists.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19959,"journal":{"name":"Pain Management Nursing","volume":"27 2","pages":"Page e241"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147570876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}