Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Research最新文献_第3页

Development and application of spectrophotometric method for quantitative determination of Metronidazole in pure and tablet formulations 分光光度法测定甲硝唑纯制剂和片剂中甲硝唑的含量及其应用

Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Research Pub Date : 2016-01-27 DOI: 10.22200/PJPR.2016128-32

Zeeshan Masood, M. T. Ansari, Sharjeel Adnan, M. Asad, Muhammad Farooq, M. Ahmad

{"title":"Development and application of spectrophotometric method for quantitative determination of Metronidazole in pure and tablet formulations","authors":"Zeeshan Masood, M. T. Ansari, Sharjeel Adnan, M. Asad, Muhammad Farooq, M. Ahmad","doi":"10.22200/PJPR.2016128-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22200/PJPR.2016128-32","url":null,"abstract":"A rapid, simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of metronidazole in pharmaceutical pure and dosage forms. The method depends on alkaline hydrolysis of metronidazole releases the nitro group as nitrite ion and yielded nitrite ions can be used to give a colored complex that absorbs maximally at 505 nm. Beer’s law is obeyed in the concentration ranges 9-100 mg/ml with molar absorptivity of 1.14 ×10 3 L mole -1 cm -1 . The proposed method is precise, accurate and specific for the quantitative determination of drug in bulk and dosage forms. The results of analysis of commercial formulations and the recovery study of metronidazole suggested that there is no interference from any excipients, which are present in pharmaceutical formulations of metronidazole. Statistical comparison of the results was performed with regard to accuracy and precision using student’s t-test and F-ratio at 95% confidence level. There is no significant difference between the reported and proposed methods with regard to accuracy and precision.","PeriodicalId":19952,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89558672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Prevalence of Asthma in Southern Punjab, Pakistan. 巴基斯坦旁遮普南部哮喘患病率。

Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Research Pub Date : 2016-01-27 DOI: 10.22200/PJPR.2016133-36

Maryum Khan, Muhammad Ajmal

引用次数: 3

Oral controlled release drug delivery system and Characterization of oral tablets; A review 口服控释给药系统及口服片剂的表征回顾

Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Research Pub Date : 2016-01-27 DOI: 10.22200/PJPR.2016167-76

M. Zaman, Junaid Qureshi, Hira Ejaz, R. M. Sarfraz, H. Khan, Fazal Rehman Sajid, M. A. U. Rehman

{"title":"Oral controlled release drug delivery system and Characterization of oral tablets; A review","authors":"M. Zaman, Junaid Qureshi, Hira Ejaz, R. M. Sarfraz, H. Khan, Fazal Rehman Sajid, M. A. U. Rehman","doi":"10.22200/PJPR.2016167-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22200/PJPR.2016167-76","url":null,"abstract":"Oral route of drug administration is considered as the safest and easiest route of drug administration. Control release drug delivery system is the emerging trend in the pharmaceuticals and the oral route is most suitable for such kind of drug delivery system. Oral route is more convenient for It all age group including both pediatric and geriatrics. There are various systems which are adopted to deliver drug in a controlled manner to different target sites through oral route. It includes diffusion controlled drug delivery systems; dissolution controlled drug delivery systems, osmotically controlled drug delivery systems, ion-exchange controlled drug delivery systems, hydrodynamically balanced systems, multi-Particulate drug delivery systems and microencapsulated drug delivery system. The systems are formulated using different natural, semi-synthetic and synthetic polymers. The purpose of the review is to provide information about the orally controlled drug delivery system, polymers which are used to formulate these systems and characterizations of one of the most convenient dosage form which is the tablets.","PeriodicalId":19952,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89421565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Prevalence of end stage renal disease in diabetic obese and hypertensive patients and cardiovascular risk in dialysis patients 糖尿病、肥胖和高血压患者终末期肾病患病率与透析患者心血管风险

Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Research Pub Date : 2016-01-27 DOI: 10.22200/PJPR.2016142-48

Muhammad Hanif, H. Javed, Umair Jallani, N. M. Ranjha

引用次数: 3

PHYLA NODIFLORA (VERBENACEAE): A REVIEW 马鞭草科马鞭草门研究进展

Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Research Pub Date : 2016-01-27 DOI: 10.22200/PJPR.2016149-54

Bashir Ahmad Chaudhary, Mehreen Jabeen, Umair Jillani, Muhammad Uzair

引用次数: 4

Dendrimers and their Applications: A Review Article 树状大分子及其应用综述

Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Research Pub Date : 2016-01-27 DOI: 10.22200/PJPR.2016155-66

M. Munir, Muhammad Hanif, N. M. Ranjha

引用次数: 7

Evaluation of Inorganic Elements in Herbal preparation by FAAS and FES 火焰原子吸收光谱法和原子衍射法评价中药制剂中无机元素含量

Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Research Pub Date : 2016-01-27 DOI: 10.22200/PJPR.201611-7

M. T. Ansari, T. M. Ansari, Mubasher Ahmad

{"title":"Evaluation of Inorganic Elements in Herbal preparation by FAAS and FES","authors":"M. T. Ansari, T. M. Ansari, Mubasher Ahmad","doi":"10.22200/PJPR.201611-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22200/PJPR.201611-7","url":null,"abstract":"In this study four inorganic elements i.e. sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium were estimated in eleven locally available herbal preparations used as sex stimulants using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry and Flame Emission Spectroscopy. Samples names were Ginseng, Nan-bao, Choe, Safoof-e-Mughallis (Powder), Imsaki (Jawahar) capsules, Zarjam (capsules), Shahi (capsules), Mumsik sultani (Jawahar) capsules, Laboob-e-Kabeer, Laboob Bard (Jawahar wala), Laboob Khas (Jawahar wala). Results indicate the presence of variable amounts of metals in these samples. Order of concentration of metals in different samples has been found to be as Ca> Mg > K > Na. Shahi capsules exhibited highest amount of sodium (3100±1825 µg/g) and other three minerals were in higher quantities. Choe contained highest amount of calcium (54175±4898 µg/g) and magnesium (53223±3205 µg/g) while Mumsik showed highest quantity of potassium (12070±882 µg/g). Ginseng, Nan-bao and Zarjam contained moderate amounts of all minerals and Laboob Khas exhibited lowest amounts of calcium (922±338µg/g), magnesium (463±106 µg/g), potassium (2968±735 µg/g) and small quantity of sodium (476±246 µg/g). It is evident that these herbal preparations can replenish the deficiency of minerals but excessive use of such herbal preparations may cause health hazards.","PeriodicalId":19952,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82671465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dapoxetine: An Innovative Approach in the Therapeutic Management In Animal Model of Depression 达泊西汀:抑郁症动物模型治疗管理的创新方法

Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Research Pub Date : 2016-01-27 DOI: 10.22200/PJPR.2016115-22

Hira Rafi, Muhammad Farhan

{"title":"Dapoxetine: An Innovative Approach in the Therapeutic Management In Animal Model of Depression","authors":"Hira Rafi, Muhammad Farhan","doi":"10.22200/PJPR.2016115-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22200/PJPR.2016115-22","url":null,"abstract":"Stress is a complicated condition that effects on person’s mental and physical health, and it is the precursor of other psychological disorders mainly depression. Serotonin (5-Hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) is well known to have hypofunction in unpredictable chronic mild stress whereas, unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) has produced the most steady and continuous results of anhedonia and learned helplessness particularly in rats. The stress-induced depressive like behavior can be reversed by many antidepressants such as SSRIs. Selective serotonin [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)] reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) is mostly prescribed antidepressant that can deplete neurochemical and behavioral deficits. The present study was designed to investigate whether repeated administration of dapoxetine at dose (1.0 mg/kg) could reverse the behavioral deficits induced by UCMS in rat model of depression. UCMS induced behavioral deficits. Locomotor activity in familiar environment (home cage), novel (open field) environment and anxiolytic behavior in light/dark activity box were greater in unstressed group than stressed group. The inhibition of serotonin reuptake at pre-synaptic receptors by repeated dapoxetine administration is mainly the mechanism involved and discussed. This particular study may assist in novel approach for understanding the interaction between stress and behavioral functions and extending the therapeutic use of dapoxetine.","PeriodicalId":19952,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86811181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

COST-MINIMIZATION ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS PHARMACEUTICAL ALTERNATIVES OF CLOPIDOGREL BISULFATE 硫酸氯吡格雷各种药物替代品的成本最小化分析

Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Research Pub Date : 2016-01-27 DOI: 10.22200/PJPR.2016137-41

A. Yahya, Ata ul Razzaq Khan, W. Naeem, S. Bashir, B. Murtaza, Aqeel Aslam

{"title":"COST-MINIMIZATION ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS PHARMACEUTICAL ALTERNATIVES OF CLOPIDOGREL BISULFATE","authors":"A. Yahya, Ata ul Razzaq Khan, W. Naeem, S. Bashir, B. Murtaza, Aqeel Aslam","doi":"10.22200/PJPR.2016137-41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22200/PJPR.2016137-41","url":null,"abstract":"Heart disease is widespread, and accounts for a quarter of all deaths in the US. Clopidogrel is used extensively for various cardiac conditions but has a high price. Cost-minimization analysis (CMA) differentiates alternative therapies based on price, given that all of the interventions have exactly the same health effects and must be bioequivalent when it comes to health benefits and adverse effects. Dissolution studies, using four marketed products, were conducted using a six stage, type II dissolution apparatus. Samples were analyzed at 240nm using a UV-VIS spectrophotometer. Concentration values of each sample, taken after 30 minutes were calculated from the calibration curve constructed with Clopidogrel Bisulfate RS. ANOVA was used to analyze any significant differences between the means of active dissolved. Plavix was found to have the highest percentage release of 97% but Ogrel had the least SEM of 3.9 with a percentage release of 95%. Lowplat and Pidogrel, although showed average percent releases of greater than 85%, their SEM and stand deviations were large showing widespread variations in unit contents. ANOVA gave a p>0.05, indicating a non-statistically significant difference between the means of active dissolved hence proving bioequivalence. CMA concluded that Ogrel may be used instead of the more expensive Plavix.","PeriodicalId":19952,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76471423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biological activity of Terminalia arjuna on Human Pathogenic Microorganisms 终叶麻对人病原微生物的生物活性

Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Research Pub Date : 2016-01-27 DOI: 10.22200/PJPR.2016123-27

T. Javed, S. Riaz, M. Uzair, G. Mustafa, A. Mohyuddin, Bashir Ahmad Ch

引用次数: 10