Pharmacology Research & Perspectives最新文献_第2页

The endocannabinoid system in appetite regulation and treatment of obesity. 内源性大麻素系统在食欲调节和肥胖症治疗中的作用。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Pharmacology Research & Perspectives Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.70009

Marija Kurtov,Igor Rubinić,Robert Likić

引用次数: 0

Cromolyn sodium and masitinib combination inhibits fibroblast-myofibroblast transition and exerts additive cell-protective and antioxidant effects on a bleomycin-induced in vitro fibrosis model. 色甘酸钠和马西替尼复方制剂可抑制成纤维细胞-肌成纤维细胞转化，并对博莱霉素诱导的体外纤维化模型产生细胞保护和抗氧化作用。

IF 2.9 4区医学

Pharmacology Research & Perspectives Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.70018

Azize Yasemin Göksu, Hulya Dirol, Fatma Gonca Kocanci

{"title":"Cromolyn sodium and masitinib combination inhibits fibroblast-myofibroblast transition and exerts additive cell-protective and antioxidant effects on a bleomycin-induced in vitro fibrosis model.","authors":"Azize Yasemin Göksu, Hulya Dirol, Fatma Gonca Kocanci","doi":"10.1002/prp2.70018","DOIUrl":"10.1002/prp2.70018","url":null,"abstract":"Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fatal fibrotic lung disease. While recent studies have suggested the potential efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in managing IPF, masitinib, a clinically used tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has not yet been investigated for its efficacy in fibrotic lung diseases. In a previous study on an in vitro neurodegenerative model, we demonstrated the synergistic antitoxic and antioxidant effects of masitinib combined with cromolyn sodium, an FDA-approved mast cell stabilizer. This study aims to investigate the anti-fibrotic and antioxidant effects of the masitinib-cromolyn sodium combination in an in vitro model of pulmonary fibrosis. Fibroblast cell cultures treated with bleomycin and/or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were subjected to masitinib and/or cromolyn sodium, followed by assessments of cell viability, morphological and apoptotic nuclear changes, triple-immunofluorescence labeling, and total oxidant/antioxidant capacities, besides ratio of Bax and Bcl-2 mRNA expressions as an indication of apoptosis. The combined treatment of masitinib and cromolyn sodium effectively prevented the fibroblast myofibroblast transition, a hallmark of fibrosis, and significantly reduced bleomycin / H2O2-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress. This study is the first to demonstrate the additive anti-fibrotic, cell-protective, and antioxidant effects of the masitinib-cromolyn sodium combination in an in vitro fibrosis model, suggesting its potential as an innovative therapeutic approach for pulmonary fibrosis. Combination therapy may be more advantageous in that both drugs could be administered in lower doses, exerting less side effects, and at the same time providing diverse mechanisms of action simultaneously.","PeriodicalId":19948,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology Research & Perspectives","volume":"12 5","pages":"e70018"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11447456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142366184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A dose-adjusted, open-label, pilot study of the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of STC3141 in critically ill patients with sepsis. 一项关于脓毒症重症患者使用 STC3141 的安全性、耐受性和药代动力学的剂量调整、开放标签试验研究。

IF 2.9 4区医学

Pharmacology Research & Perspectives Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.70015

Rinaldo Bellomo, John Patava, Ruth Van Lancker, Nathalie Layios, Marijke Peetermans, Mark Plummer, Rachid Attou, Robert McNamara, Andrew Udy, Bradley Wibrow, Adam Deane, Edward Litton, Marcel Tanudji, Fuhong Su, Zhang Zhong, Linda Shi, Li Ning

{"title":"A dose-adjusted, open-label, pilot study of the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of STC3141 in critically ill patients with sepsis.","authors":"Rinaldo Bellomo, John Patava, Ruth Van Lancker, Nathalie Layios, Marijke Peetermans, Mark Plummer, Rachid Attou, Robert McNamara, Andrew Udy, Bradley Wibrow, Adam Deane, Edward Litton, Marcel Tanudji, Fuhong Su, Zhang Zhong, Linda Shi, Li Ning","doi":"10.1002/prp2.70015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prp2.70015","url":null,"abstract":"Increased circulating histones correlate with sepsis severity and are a potential therapeutic target. Pre-clinical studies showed benefit with a histone-neutralizing polyanion molecule (STC3141). We aimed to investigate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of STC3141 in critically ill patients with sepsis. We studied 26 patients with sepsis divided into four cohorts of one, five, ten, and ten subjects, respectively. We conducted a dose-adjusted, open-label study to determine the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of STC3141 administered as an IV infusion for up to 72 h, with rate adjusted to estimated creatinine clearance. Four steady-state concentrations were targeted. Twenty of the 26 subjects (77%) in the study experienced at least one adverse event (AE). The most frequently reported study drug-related AE was a mildly prolonged aPTT (four events). Only one AE (pulmonary hemorrhage) led to discontinuation of the drug. After excluding patients receiving renal replacement therapy (RRT) patients, clearance ranged from 3.3 to 4.2 L/h across cohorts and was essentially completely renal in nature. Half-life values ranged from 5 to 7 h. The mean (±SD) terminal half-life for non-RRT subjects and for whom it was possible to calculate was approximately 9 (±4.77) h but increased to 19 (±7.94) h for subjects on RRT. Overall, 18 (69.2%) patients completed the study to day eight in the ICU, and 22 (84.6%) survived to 28 days. STC3141 administration appeared to have an acceptable degree of safety and tolerability and expected pharmacokinetics. Cautious, larger randomized efficacy trials in sepsis appear justified.","PeriodicalId":19948,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology Research & Perspectives","volume":"12 5","pages":"e70015"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11472796/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142472216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Disposition of orally administered atuliflapon, a novel 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein inhibitor in healthy participants. 口服新型 5-脂氧合酶激活蛋白抑制剂 Atuliflapon 在健康参与者体内的分布情况。

IF 2.9 4区医学

Pharmacology Research & Perspectives Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.70029

Xue-Qing Li, Bo Lindmark, Carl Amilon, Kristin Samuelsson, Lars Weidolf, Karin Nelander, Jane Knöchel, Maria Heijer, Ryan A Bragg, Malin Gränfors, Eva-Lotte Lindstedt, Sharan Sidhu, Pavlo Garkaviy, Hans Ericsson

{"title":"Disposition of orally administered atuliflapon, a novel 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein inhibitor in healthy participants.","authors":"Xue-Qing Li, Bo Lindmark, Carl Amilon, Kristin Samuelsson, Lars Weidolf, Karin Nelander, Jane Knöchel, Maria Heijer, Ryan A Bragg, Malin Gränfors, Eva-Lotte Lindstedt, Sharan Sidhu, Pavlo Garkaviy, Hans Ericsson","doi":"10.1002/prp2.70029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prp2.70029","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the mass balance, pharmacokinetics (PK) and metabolism of atuliflapon, a novel 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein inhibitor, were investigated in healthy male subjects. A single oral dose of 200 mg [14C]atuliflapon suspension was administered to six healthy male subjects. Mass balance, PK and metabolite profiles of atuliflapon were analyzed using radioactivity monitoring and liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry analysis. The safety of atuliflapon was assessed during the study. Atuliflapon was rapidly absorbed with a median tmax of 1.5 h, followed by a biphasic decline in plasma exposure rendering a terminal half-life of ~20 h. Unchanged atuliflapon was the predominant radioactive component in plasma, accounting for 40.1% of the total drug-related exposure (DRE), while a direct N-glucuronide was the only metabolite exceeding 10% of DRE, accounting for 20.9%. Renal excretion of intact atuliflapon accounted for <1% of the administered dose. In total 85.2% of administered radioactivity was recovered over 312 h with 79.3% and 5.9% in feces and urine, respectively. Parent atuliflapon contributed to approximately 40% of the recovered dose in excreta, while metabolites resulting from phase 1 oxidative pathways accounted for more than 30% of the excreted dose. Overall, a single oral dose of 200 mg [14C]atuliflapon suspension was well tolerated in healthy male subjects. The human metabolism and disposition data obtained will support future development and submissions of atuliflapon as a potential candidate drug for the treatment of cardiovascular, cardiorenal, and respiratory indications.","PeriodicalId":19948,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology Research & Perspectives","volume":"12 5","pages":"e70029"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11472027/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142472217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on the mechanism of echinacoside in preventing and treating hypoxic pulmonary hypertension based on proteomic analyses. 基于蛋白质组分析的紫锥菊苷防治缺氧性肺动脉高压的机制研究

IF 2.9 4区医学

Pharmacology Research & Perspectives Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.70025

Xiangyun Gai, Qingqing Xia, Hongmai Wang, Hongtao Bi, Jinyu Wang, Yuefu Zhao

{"title":"Study on the mechanism of echinacoside in preventing and treating hypoxic pulmonary hypertension based on proteomic analyses.","authors":"Xiangyun Gai, Qingqing Xia, Hongmai Wang, Hongtao Bi, Jinyu Wang, Yuefu Zhao","doi":"10.1002/prp2.70025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prp2.70025","url":null,"abstract":"Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH), a chronic condition affecting the cardiopulmonary system, has high mortality. Echinacoside (ECH) is a phenylethanoid glycoside, which is used to ameliorate pulmonary vascular remodeling and pulmonary vasoconstriction in rats. Accordingly, we aimed to explore the mechanism of ECH in preventing and treating HPH. Sprague Dawley rats were housed in a hypobaric hypoxia chamber for 28 days to obtain the HPH model. The experimental rats were randomly allocated into the following several groups: normoxia group, chronic hypoxia group, and ECH group. The therapeutic results of ECH (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg) showed that ECH reduced mPAP, Hb, Hct, and RVHI in HPH rats. Then this work employed label-free quantitative proteomic analysis, western blotting, and RT-PCR to investigate the mechanism by which ECH prevents HPH. The results found that in the chronic hypoxia group, the levels of ACSL1, COL6A1, COL4A2, COL1A1, and PC increased compared to the normoxia group. However, the opposite effect was observed in the chronic hypoxia group treated with ECH. The study indicates that the administration of ECH may slow the pathological progression of HPH by suppressing the inflammatory response, inhibiting smooth muscle cell proliferation, and minimizing the deposition of extracellular matrix.","PeriodicalId":19948,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology Research & Perspectives","volume":"12 5","pages":"e70025"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11472809/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142472219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Plasma and urinary CP I and CP III concentrations in chimeric mice with human hepatocytes after rifampicin administration. 人肝细胞嵌合小鼠服用利福平后血浆和尿液中的 CP I 和 CP III 浓度。

IF 2.9 4区医学

Pharmacology Research & Perspectives Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.70017

Yurina Shishido, Tomohiro Yoshida, Keiyu Oshida, Masashi Uchida

{"title":"Plasma and urinary CP I and CP III concentrations in chimeric mice with human hepatocytes after rifampicin administration.","authors":"Yurina Shishido, Tomohiro Yoshida, Keiyu Oshida, Masashi Uchida","doi":"10.1002/prp2.70017","DOIUrl":"10.1002/prp2.70017","url":null,"abstract":"The interest in transporter-mediated drug interactions has been increasing in the field of drug development. In this study, we measured the plasma and urinary concentrations of coproporphyrin (CP) I and CP III as endogenous substrates for organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP) using chimeric mice with human hepatocytes (PXB mice) and examined the influence of an OATP inhibitor, rifampicin (RIF). CP I and CP III were actively taken up intracellularly, and RIF inhibited the uptake in a concentration-dependent manner for both CP I and CP III in human hepatocytes (PXB-cells). Single doses of RIF at 10 and 30 mg/kg were orally or intravenously administered to PXB mice and wild-type ICR mice. Plasma concentrations (AUC0-8h) of CP I increased in both mice. However, a marked increase in CP III was only observed in ICR mice, after intravenous administration of RIF at 30 mg/kg. The IC50 values of RIF for intracellular CP I/III uptake and the unbound plasma concentrations of RIF suggested that the increase in plasma CP I is associated with the exposure of RIF to OATPs. The 24-h cumulative urinary excretions of CP I and CP III increased in both mice, but more markedly in PXB mice. Thus, RIF increased the plasma and urinary concentrations of CP I and CP III in the mice, as reported in humans, and CP I may be a more sensitive biomarker of OATP-mediated drug interactions in PXB mice.","PeriodicalId":19948,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology Research & Perspectives","volume":"12 5","pages":"e70017"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11418634/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142293051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interaction of myricetin, ampelopsin (dihydromyricetin), and their sulfate metabolites with serum albumin, cytochrome P450 (CYP2C9, 2C19, and 3A4) enzymes, and organic anion-transporting polypeptides (OATP1B1 and OATP2B1). 杨梅素、安瓿素（二氢杨梅素）及其硫酸盐代谢物与血清白蛋白、细胞色素 P450（CYP2C9、2C19 和 3A4）酶和有机阴离子转运多肽（OATP1B1 和 OATP2B1）的相互作用。

IF 2.9 4区医学

Pharmacology Research & Perspectives Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.70021

Ágnes Dombi, Hana Kaci, Kateřina Valentová, Éva Bakos, Csilla Özvegy-Laczka, Miklós Poór

{"title":"Interaction of myricetin, ampelopsin (dihydromyricetin), and their sulfate metabolites with serum albumin, cytochrome P450 (CYP2C9, 2C19, and 3A4) enzymes, and organic anion-transporting polypeptides (OATP1B1 and OATP2B1).","authors":"Ágnes Dombi, Hana Kaci, Kateřina Valentová, Éva Bakos, Csilla Özvegy-Laczka, Miklós Poór","doi":"10.1002/prp2.70021","DOIUrl":"10.1002/prp2.70021","url":null,"abstract":"Myricetin (MYR) and ampelopsin (AMP, or dihydromyricetin) are flavonoid aglycones found in certain plants and dietary supplements. During the presystemic biotransformation of flavonoids, mainly sulfate and glucuronide derivatives are produced, which are the dominant metabolites in the circulation. In this study, we tested the interactions of MYR, myricetin-3'-O-sulfate (M3'S), AMP, and ampelopsin-4'-O-sulfate (A4'S) with human serum albumin (HSA), cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs), and organic anion-transporting polypeptides (OATPs) using in vitro models, including the recently developed method for measuring flavonoid levels in living cells. M3'S and MYR bound to albumin with high affinity, and they showed moderate displacing effects versus the Site I marker warfarin. MYR, M3'S, AMP, and A4'S exerted no or only minor inhibitory effects on CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP3A4 enzymes. M3'S and MYR caused considerable inhibitory actions on OATP1B1 at low micromolar concentrations (IC50 = 1.7 and 6.4 μM, respectively), while even their nanomolar levels resulted in strong inhibitory effects on OATP2B1 (IC50 = 0.3 and 0.4 μM, respectively). In addition, M3'S proved to be a substrate of OATP1B1 and OATP2B1. These results suggest that MYR-containing dietary supplements may affect the OATP-mediated transport of certain drugs, and OATPs are involved in the tissue uptake of M3'S.","PeriodicalId":19948,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology Research & Perspectives","volume":"12 5","pages":"e70021"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11440035/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142351792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Histamine H₁-receptor-mediated modulation of NMDA receptors signaling responses. 组胺 H1 受体介导的 NMDA 受体信号反应调节。

IF 2.9 4区医学

Pharmacology Research & Perspectives Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.1216

J-M Arrang, V Armand

{"title":"Histamine H1-receptor-mediated modulation of NMDA receptors signaling responses.","authors":"J-M Arrang, V Armand","doi":"10.1002/prp2.1216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prp2.1216","url":null,"abstract":"This study attempted to clarify the role of histamine H1 receptors in epilepsy by exploring the effects of agonists and inverse agonists on the rundown of the current induced by iterative applications of NMDA or GABA in primary neuronal culture. Mepyramine, a classical H1-receptor antagonist/inverse agonist, increased the NMDA current by about 40% during the first minutes of recording. This effect was concentration-dependent, maximal at 10 nM, and mimicked by triprolidine, another antagonist/inverse agonist. No endogenous histamine was detected in the cultures by a selective immunoassay; both compounds were acting as inverse agonists. Indicating a high constitutive activity of the H1 receptor in this system, histamine did not affect the NMDA rundown, including its settlement, but significantly reversed the effect of mepyramine. A similar pattern was obtained with 2,3 bromophenyl histamine, a selective H1-receptor agonist. The initial increase induced by the two inverse agonists was followed by the same rundown as in controls. H1- and NMDA receptors are colocalized in most cultured neuronal cells. Mepyramine and histamine did not affect the GABA rundown. Our findings suggest an interaction between H1- and NMDA receptors. Inactivation of the H1-receptor by its inverse agonists delays the settlement of the NMDA rundown, which may underlie their proconvulsant effect reported in clinics. Therefore, H1-receptor constitutive activity and the effect of histamine revealed in its absence, tend to facilitate the initiation of the rundown, which is consistent with the anticonvulsant properties of histamine via activation of H1-receptors reported in many studies.","PeriodicalId":19948,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology Research & Perspectives","volume":"12 5","pages":"e1216"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11458884/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142392404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nutritional strategies for improving sarcopenia outcomes in older adults: A narrative review. 改善老年人肌肉疏松症疗效的营养策略：叙述性综述。

IF 2.9 4区医学

Pharmacology Research & Perspectives Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.70019

Beatriz R Goes-Santos, Brian P Carson, Guilherme Wesley Peixoto da Fonseca, Stephan von Haehling

{"title":"Nutritional strategies for improving sarcopenia outcomes in older adults: A narrative review.","authors":"Beatriz R Goes-Santos, Brian P Carson, Guilherme Wesley Peixoto da Fonseca, Stephan von Haehling","doi":"10.1002/prp2.70019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prp2.70019","url":null,"abstract":"Sarcopenia is characterized by a decline in muscle strength, generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass, and impaired physical performance, which are common outcomes used to screen, diagnose, and determine severity of sarcopenia in older adults. These outcomes are associated with poor quality of life, increased risk of falls, hospitalization, and mortality in this population. The development of sarcopenia is underpinned by aging, but other factors can lead to sarcopenia, such as chronic diseases, physical inactivity, inadequate dietary energy intake, and reduced protein intake (nutrition-related sarcopenia), leading to an imbalance between muscle protein synthesis and muscle protein breakdown. Protein digestion and absorption are also modified with age, as well as the reduced capacity of metabolizing protein, hindering older adults from achieving ideal protein consumption (i.e., 1-1.5 g/kg/day). Nutritional supplement strategies, like animal (i.e., whey protein) and plant-based protein, leucine, and creatine have been shown to play a significant role in improving outcomes related to sarcopenia. However, the impact of other supplements (e.g., branched-chain amino acids, isolated amino acids, and omega-3) on sarcopenia and related outcomes remain unclear. This narrative review will discuss the evidence of the impact of these nutritional strategies on sarcopenia outcomes in older adults.","PeriodicalId":19948,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology Research & Perspectives","volume":"12 5","pages":"e70019"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11472304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142472218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nicotine addiction and the influence of life adversity and acute stress on PYY: Prediction of early smoking relapse. 尼古丁成瘾以及生活逆境和急性压力对PYY的影响：预测早期复吸。

IF 2.9 4区医学

Pharmacology Research & Perspectives Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.70016

Amanda A Miller, Motohiro Nakajima, Briana N DeAngelis, Dorothy K Hatsukami, Mustafa al'Absi

{"title":"Nicotine addiction and the influence of life adversity and acute stress on PYY: Prediction of early smoking relapse.","authors":"Amanda A Miller, Motohiro Nakajima, Briana N DeAngelis, Dorothy K Hatsukami, Mustafa al'Absi","doi":"10.1002/prp2.70016","DOIUrl":"10.1002/prp2.70016","url":null,"abstract":"Early life adversity (ELA) is associated with earlier initiation and maintenance of tobacco smoking and with a greater risk of subsequent relapse. There is growing evidence that appetite hormones, including peptide YY (PYY), which modulates craving and satiety responses, play a role in stress and addiction processes. This study employed a quasi-experimental design to examine the association between ELA and circulating PYY stress responses in smokers and nonsmokers (N = 152, ages 19-73 years) to examine the effects of nicotine addiction. Smokers initiated a quit attempt as part of the study and were classified as either abstinent smokers or relapsed smokers based on their nicotine use during the follow-up period. PYY levels were measured at five timepoints during three lab sessions and compared between nonsmokers and the two smoking groups (abstainers, relapsers): while smokers were using nicotine ad libitum, 24 h after smokers initiated a quit attempt, and 4 weeks after smokers initiated a quit attempt. Multivariate analyses showed the main effects of time on PYY, which decreased over time within each session. The main effects of ELA during the first (ad libitum smoking) and second (24-h post-cessation for smokers) sessions indicated that experiencing ELA was associated with lower PYY. No systematic effect of nicotine addiction or relapse was observed in this study. These findings suggest that adults with higher ELA may experience lower PYY. Additional research is needed to further explore the role of PYY in stress and addiction processes.","PeriodicalId":19948,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology Research & Perspectives","volume":"12 5","pages":"e70016"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11420658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0