I. Beleem, J. Kumar, C. Satyanarayana, K. Venkataraman, R. D. Kamboj
{"title":"Distribution of Marine Crabs from the Marine National Park, Gulf of Kachchh","authors":"I. Beleem, J. Kumar, C. Satyanarayana, K. Venkataraman, R. D. Kamboj","doi":"10.36347/sajb.2014.v02i07.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajb.2014.v02i07.004","url":null,"abstract":"Crabs are known to flourish in various turbid environments around the world. The Gulf of Kachchh (GOK) is one of the world’s richest Marine National Park (MNP); southern part of GOK has 42 islands which provide shelter for coral reef, mangroves and associated faunas. Present study brings out 22 species of marine crabs, high diversity of marine crabs were reported at Narara reef and low diversity was at Sachana coast from GOK, MNP. Literature reveals that 80 species of marine crabs have been recorded from the Gujrat.","PeriodicalId":199401,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126986146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ethnomedicinal Investigation on Koya Dora Tribes of Rampa Hills, Alluri Sitarama Raju District, Andhra Pradesh, India","authors":"P. Sekhar, V. Padmaja, B. Mouli, Padal Sb","doi":"10.36347/sajb.2023.v11i07.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajb.2023.v11i07.008","url":null,"abstract":"An ethnomedicinal investigation was carried out in Rampa Hills, Alluri Sitaramaraju District, Andhra Pradesh. India. The indigenous knowledge of local traditional uses was collected through questionnaire and personal interviews during field trips. The identification and nomenclature of the listed plants were based on the flora of Andhra Pradesh. A total of 60 plants species belong to 57 genera and 30 families were identified by taxonomic description and locally by ethnomedicinal knowledge of people existing in the region. Plant specimens collected, identified, preserved and mounted were deposited in the department of botany, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam for future references.","PeriodicalId":199401,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences","volume":"6 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122601583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ethnomedicinal Plants Used by Nukha Dora Tribes of Dumbriguda Mandal, Alluri Sitaramraju District, Andhra Pradesh, India","authors":"V. Padmaja, P. Sekhar, B. Mouli, Padal Sb","doi":"10.36347/sajb.2023.v11i07.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajb.2023.v11i07.007","url":null,"abstract":"The paper enumerates 60 medicinal plant species belonging to 49 genera and 35 families used for 43 ethnomedicinal purposes by the Nukha Dora primitive tribe of Dumbriguda Mandalam Alluri Sitaramaraju district, Andhra Pradesh. Many elderly persons of the village are also aware about the importance and use of such herbal medicines. A review of the available scientific literature suggests that many of the medicinal plants used by the tribals can be validated scientifically in their traditional uses based on reported pharmacological activities present in those plants.","PeriodicalId":199401,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115596266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pattern and Presentation of Pneumonia in Children <18 Years of Age in Dhaka, Bangladesh","authors":"A. H, S. M, Mobarak R","doi":"10.36347/sajb.2023.v11i07.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajb.2023.v11i07.006","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Pneumonia remains a critical global health concern, especially among children under 18 years old. This acute respiratory infection causes lung inflammation and fluid accumulation, leading to breathing difficulties and high mortality rates in children. Aim of the Study: The aim of the study was to investigate the various patterns and presentations of pneumonia in children under 18 years old in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methods: This observational study was conducted at the Millenium Hospital Limited, sutrapur, Dhaka, Bangladesh, over a period of one year from January 2022 to December 2022. A total of 110 participants aged 0-18 years, who visited the hospital during the study period, were included. The data were analyzed using appropriate statistical software and obtaining approval from the institutional review board. Results: The study population consisted of 110 children under the age of 18. The demographic characteristics showed that the majority of participants were in the 1-5 years age group (27.27%), followed by those aged 11-18 years (31.82%). The gender distribution was almost equal, with 54.55% being male and 45.45% female. Regarding the clinical presentation of pneumonia, fever was the most common symptom (81.82%), followed by cough (90.91%) and difficulty breathing (63.64%). Radiological findings indicated that infiltrates were present in the majority of cases (72.73%), followed by consolidation (45.45%). Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most frequently identified pathogen (31.82%), followed by Haemophilus influenzae (22.73%). Antibiotics were the most commonly used treatment modality (95.45%), and hospitalization was required for 63.64% of the children. These findings provide insights into the patterns and presentation of pneumonia in children under 18 years of age. Conclusion: This study explores pneumonia patterns in children, revealing higher incidence among younger age groups and adolescents. Key findings include common symptoms like fever .....","PeriodicalId":199401,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126296432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Observation of Demographic Factors, Labor Characteristics, and Outcomes in Vesicovaginal Fistula","authors":"Amin, A. T. M. N, A. M, Rakib, M. A","doi":"10.36347/sajb.2023.v11i07.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajb.2023.v11i07.005","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) is a significant public health issue, particularly in areas with inadequate access to quality emergency obstetric care. This study aimed to examine the demographic and obstetric factors associated with VVF in a specific population and to evaluate the outcomes of VVF surgery. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Dhaka Medical College Fistula Centre from April to July 2013. From a total of 47 admissions, 27 patients were selected based on specific inclusion criteria. Data were collected on demographic factors, obstetric history, cause of VVF, and surgery-related characteristics. The primary outcome was the success or failure of VVF surgery. Result: The study included women with an average age of 33.78 years and an average height of 144.67 cm. Majority were classified as poor (66.67%). Most had primary education (62.96%) and were housewives (92.59%). Vaginal deliveries were most common (59.26%). Stillbirths accounted for the majority of outcomes (77.78%). Obstetrical causes were the primary reason for vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) (70.37%). Local repair was the most common mode of surgical repair (59.26%), and the majority of surgeries were successful (85.19%). Conclusion: The study highlights the significant burden of VVF among women of lower socioeconomic status and educational level. It underscores the need for improved surgical techniques and decision-making in obstetric and gynecological care, and the importance of access to quality obstetric care. Further research is needed to develop and implement effective strategies to prevent and treat VVF, particularly in resource-limited settings.","PeriodicalId":199401,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114768459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Megha Das Adhikary, B. Chaudhuri, P. Guchhait, Satadal Das
{"title":"Antifungal Activities of Cassia angustifolia Leaf Ethanolic Extract against Various Candida Spp.","authors":"Megha Das Adhikary, B. Chaudhuri, P. Guchhait, Satadal Das","doi":"10.36347/sajb.2023.v11i07.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajb.2023.v11i07.004","url":null,"abstract":"Indian senna (Cassia angustifolia) is a perennial shrub belonging to the family Fabaceae. Indian senna contains flavonoids, pinnitolos (polyols), acidic polysaccharides, and mineral substances. It also contains two types of glucosides known as sennosides A and B and other compounds, including myricyl alcohol, anthraquinone derivatives, galactose, arabinose, rhamnose, galacturonic acid, chrysophanic acid, salicylic acid, resin, and mannitol. The antifungal activity of the extract was assessed against fungal strains, including Candida albicans (ATCC10231), Candida parapsilosis, and Candida auris. The result showed that the leaf extract of Cassia angustofolia exhibits significant antifungal activity against all tested fungal strains. After the result, Indian Senna which could be used to develop new drugs for the treatment of resistant fungal infections. Further research and optimum preservation, and flavonoids extraction methods is needed, particularly in the developing world, where senna leaf and flower harvest processing methods are more traditional.","PeriodicalId":199401,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122626891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Contact and Gustatory Effects of Spinosad on the Growth or Survivability and Development of Progeny Buildup in Two Successive Generations of Cryptolestes pusillus (Schon.) on Wheat and Rice","authors":"Jahida Begum, J. Khanam, W. Islam","doi":"10.36347/sajb.2023.v11i07.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajb.2023.v11i07.003","url":null,"abstract":"The contact and gustatory effects of Spinosad on development, survivability, adult emergence and reproductive potential of Cryptolestes pusillus (Schon.) in two successive generations were conducted. Egg hatching, larval and pupal survivability, and adult emergence were lowest in wheat and rice in 1st generation, whereas, totally controlled the hatching, larval and pupal survivability and adult emergence of C. pusillus was noticed in both the seeds in 2nd generation at 0.63 and 1.25 μg/ml concentrations. The highest PRC value of adult emergence was 97.93% found in wheat and 100% in rice in 2nd generation. The mean developmental period of C. pusillus varied in different concentrations of Spinosad. The highest duration of hatching, larval and pupal periods were observed in treated Spinosad at 1.25μg/ml in wheat in F1 generation, whereas, total control of development was found in F2 generation in the same concentration.","PeriodicalId":199401,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125636212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Phytoplankton Abundance and Seasonal Changes at Sri Anjaneya and Saibaba Temple Pond, Narisipuram, Vizianagaram district, Andhra Pradesh, India","authors":"Setu Madhava Rao D, G. M. N. Rao","doi":"10.36347/sajb.2023.v11i07.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajb.2023.v11i07.002","url":null,"abstract":"Information collected on microalgal abundance of Sri Anjaneya and Saibaba Temple Pond, Narsipuram, Vizianagaram district, Andhra Pradesh from May 2014 to April 2016. It was revealed that the microalgal population comprises of a total of 105 species belongs to 68 genera and 4 classes. Chlorophyceae comprises of 31genera belongs, 48 species, Bacillariophycee comprises of 18 genera and 27 species. Class, Cyanophyceae comprises of 16 genera and 23species and Euglenophyceae with 3 genera and 7 species. A total 3458 organisms/ml were observed with maximum 472 organisms/ml in March 2016 and minimum 124 organisms/ml in August 2014. The seasonal variations were recorded monthly for of two a period years and correlation studies were conducted among various algal groups and total phytoplankton of the temple pond.","PeriodicalId":199401,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134008260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Coulibaly F., Aboly N., Ehouman M. A., Assoumy A. M., Akoda K., Têko-Agbo A., Oulai J., Amactha C., Niang E. M. M., A. J.
{"title":"State of Affairs and Level of Knowledge of the Actors/Workers in the Veterinary Medicines Pharmacovigilance`S Sector in Côte d'Ivoire","authors":"Coulibaly F., Aboly N., Ehouman M. A., Assoumy A. M., Akoda K., Têko-Agbo A., Oulai J., Amactha C., Niang E. M. M., A. J.","doi":"10.36347/sajb.2023.v11i07.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajb.2023.v11i07.001","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted in order to ascertain the state of affairs of the pharmacovigilance in Côte d'Ivoire, and to estimate the level of knowledge of the workers involved in the veterinary drug sector in the District of Abidjan. The methodological approach applied was first an exploratory survey on the existing regulatory texts and the activities relating to the veterinary pharmacovigilance in Côte d'Ivoire. Then, secondly, a cross-sectional descriptive survey was used to estimate the level of knowledge of the workers/actors in the sector of veterinary pharmacovigilance. The results of our investigations showed the non-existence of a veterinary pharmacovigilance system in Côte d'Ivoire because of the legal vacuum existing at the national level on this subject. This legal void is slightly addressed by a less explicit West African French speaking country organization (UEMOA) pharmaceutical regulation in terms of veterinary pharmacovigilance. The definition of veterinary pharmacovigilance and its current legal basis in Côte d’Ivoire is the Regulation No. 02/2006/CM/UEMOA, and the current law organizing the veterinary pharmacy, are unknown to the majority of the actors questioned. Almost all (97%) of the questioned actors felt the need to be informed and trained on pharmacovigilance.","PeriodicalId":199401,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133275327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Plant Biodiversity Assesment in Galikonda Forest, Eastern Ghats of Alluri Sitaramaraju District, Andhra Pradesh, India","authors":"K. Kumar, M. Kumari, D. Rao, S. B. Padal","doi":"10.36347/sajb.2023.v11i06.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36347/sajb.2023.v11i06.005","url":null,"abstract":"A landscape level plant diversity and population inventory was made in High altitude forest of eastern Ghats, Visakhapatnam District, Andhra Pradesh, India comprising mostly dry deciduous and moist deciduous forests. In all the three study sites, two belt transects of 5 × 1000 m size (totaling 1 ha) were laid in each site during 2022–2023 and all trees with ≥15 cm girth at breast height (gbh) were enumerated. Within each transect of 1000 x 5 m, quantitative data in respect of herb species was collected from two numbers of small sample plots each measuring 1m x 1 m. A total of 246 species was recorded on enumeration, of which 54 Trees, 50 Shrubs and 90 Herbs were noted.","PeriodicalId":199401,"journal":{"name":"Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences","volume":"183 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125828229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}