Pediatric Pulmonology最新文献

{"title":"Utilization of Des-Gamma-Carboxy-Prothrombin in Estimating Vitamin K Status in People With Cystic Fibrosis: A Single Center Retrospective Review.","authors":"Senthilkumar Sankararaman, Terri Schindler, Aravind Thavamani, Catherine Pamer, Alison Marie Rodatt, Kimberly A McBennett, Erica Roesch, Alex H Gifford","doi":"10.1002/ppul.71777","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ppul.71777","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>People with cystic fibrosis (CF) are at increased risk of fat-soluble vitamin (A, D, E, and K) deficiencies secondary to exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI). Estimation of vitamin K deficiency in routine clinical practice is challenging, and no uniform consensus exists due to lack of an accurate clinical test for the evaluation of its status. We aimed to estimate vitamin K status in people with CF using des-gamma-carboxy-prothrombin (DCP).</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A single-center retrospective chart review was done between 2022 and 2024. Ninety-four (39 pediatric and 55 adult) people with CF were included for final review.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median DCP value was 0.35 ng/mL (IQR 0.2-0.60; range was 0.1-11 ng/mL). Post hoc, we classified patients into low-DCP (0-90th percentile values in DCP or ≤ 2 ng/mL) and high-DCP (91-100th percentile in DCP or >2 ng/mL) groups. Eleven out of 94 (11.7%) patients had DCP > 2 ng/mL; three out of 11 (27%) had advanced CF liver disease (aCFLD), p = 0.011, and another three had other fat-soluble vitamin deficiencies, and low adherence to pancreatic enzymes and/or vitamin supplementation was suspected, p = 0.011. There were no significant differences in demographics (age, gender) or other comorbidities between the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DCP can be used for estimating vitamin K status, and the prevalence of suboptimal vitamin K status was 11.7%. DCP levels were higher in aCFLD, as well as those with suspected low adherence to pancreatic enzymes and/or vitamin supplementation. Prospective, multicenter clinical trials are needed to evaluate this further.</p>","PeriodicalId":19932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","volume":"61 8","pages":"e71777"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13462822/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148712403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of High-Dose Versus Conventional-Dose Methylprednisolone in Reducing the Risk of Chronic Lung Disease in Chinese Children With Severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Yanyan Su, Yanjuan Yu, Lei Zhang, Yu Tang, Min Li, Chaohui Chen, Shasha Xu, Yanqiong Wang, Yuemei Liu, Haiming Yang, Yuelin Shen","doi":"10.1002/ppul.71762","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ppul.71762","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to compare the clinical efficacy of high-dose versus conventional-dose methylprednisolone therapy and the prevalence of chronic lung disease (CLD) at the 6-month follow-up in Chinese children with severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (SMPP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was performed on 82 children with SMPP admitted from January 2018 to January 2024. Patients were categorized into high-dose and conventional-dose groups based on initial glucocorticoid dosage. Clinical data, laboratory tests, chest imaging, and bronchoscopy findings were reviewed to compare pulmonary conditions and therapeutic efficacy. The prevalence of CLD, oxygen saturation levels, and pulmonary function were assessed at the 6-month follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The main clinical features of SMPP included persistent high fever, cough, excessive inflammation (C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, procalcitonin, interleukin-6, lactate dehydrogenase, serum ferritin, and D-Dimer), as well as severe pulmonary involvement, including consolidation, pleural effusion, and lung necrosis on computed tomography, and mucus plugging on bronchoscopy. Disease severity was comparable between groups, but the high-dose group exhibited a shorter fever duration (9.8 vs. 16.1 days), faster defervescence after corticosteroid treatment (1.0 vs. 7.0 days), and reduced hospitalization (13.4 vs. 18.4 days) (all p < 0.001). At the 6-month follow-up, the high-dose group had a significantly lower prevalence of CLD (28.2% vs. 85.4%) (p < 0.001), higher oxygen saturation levels (p = 0.033) and better pulmonary function (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High-dose methylprednisolone therapy was more effective than conventional-dose treatment for SMPP patients. It was also associated with a lower prevalence of CLD, higher oxygen saturation levels, and better pulmonary function outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","volume":"61 8","pages":"e71762"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13420772/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148621038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Antibiotic Treatment of Possible Bacterial Co-Infection During Viral Illnesses in Children With Tracheostomies.","authors":"Katarina Y Manzi, Kawsar A Hirsi, Naoko Kono, Teoman Toprak, Christopher J Russell, Sarah C Hofman DeYoung, Jonathan D Cogen","doi":"10.1002/ppul.71763","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ppul.71763","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","volume":"61 8","pages":"e71763"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13448389/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148685364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Longterm Gastrostomy Use in Adults With Cystic Fibrosis.","authors":"Felicity Loel, Tracy McMahon, Angela G Matson, Shanal Kumar, Daniel Smith","doi":"10.1002/ppul.71781","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ppul.71781","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Gastrostomies are used to support nutritional adequacy, growth and lung function in people with Cystic Fibrosis (CF). Adults with CF living with a gastrostomy face unique challenges due to the time and length of placement often being inserted in childhood and extending through to adulthood. In the era of CF modulator therapies removal of gastrostomies is increasingly being contemplated, and our aim was to understand experiences and perspectives of adults with CF who have lived with a gastrostomy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a single-centre qualitative study in adults with CF who have lived with a gastrostomy. All semi-structured interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and analyzed inductively using grounded theory methodology. Data saturation was reached when no new codes emerged. Findings were summarized into major conceptual themes. Participant demographics and medical history were obtained.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, thirteen participants completed semi-structured interviews. Analyzes revealed four main themes in adults with CF who have lived with a gastrostomy (1) Psychological (i.e. body image, embarrassment, isolating/social stigma, acceptance/adjustment), (2) Pain & physical concerns (i.e. general pain, hyper granulation, leaking), (3) Social (i.e. relationships and navigating social conversations), and (4) Functionality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study explored lived experiences of adults with CF and a gastrostomy. We found there was significant psychological and social impact of growing up with a gastrostomy, highlighting the need for clinicians to provide holistic support that addresses both physical and mental challenges of long-term gastrostomy care for adults with CF.</p>","PeriodicalId":19932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","volume":"61 8","pages":"e71781"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13470135/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148727335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structured Education Enhances Inhaler Technique and Asthma Management Skills of Health Care Providers in Pediatric Emergency Departments.","authors":"Athina Karageorgiou, Eleni Papastergiou, John Tsanakas, Fotios Kirvassilis, Evangelia Desli, Persefoni Talimtzi, Aikaterini Fydantsi, Eleni Laguia, Maria Demiri, Elpis Hatziagorou","doi":"10.1002/ppul.71803","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ppul.71803","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Optimal inhaler technique (IT) is essential for effective asthma management, yet skill retention among health care professionals (HCPs) remains inconsistent.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To compare the long-term effectiveness of intensive versus brief educational interventions on IT retention among HCPs in pediatric emergency departments (PEDs) across Northern Greece.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a 12-month prospective, multicenter intervention study in 20 PEDs. Pediatric consultants, residents, and nurses were allocated to either an intensive education group-receiving IT training every 4 months-or a brief education group-receiving a single training session. Blinded assessments of IT skills were performed alongside structured questionnaires on asthma crisis management and IT with both a facemask and a mouthpiece. Final evaluations were conducted at 12 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 373 HCPs participated: 84 consultants, 178 residents, and 111 nurses. Post-intervention scores improved significantly for consultants (asthma crisis management: 69.94 to 76.54, p = 0.006; IT with facemask: 37.5 to 50, p = 0.003; IT with mouthpiece: 50 to 75, p = 0.005) and residents (61.15 to 70.89, p = 0.004; 25 to 50, p = 0.005; 50 to 75, p = 0.01, respectively). Intensive education was associated with significantly greater improvements compared with brief education, particularly among consultants (p = 0.003 for asthma crisis management). Nurses did not demonstrate statistically significant improvements.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Intensive, repeated training produces superior long-term retention of IT skills among HCPs in PEDs compared with a single educational session. Incorporating structured, ongoing educational strategies into routine practice may enhance asthma care delivery and reduce reliance on nebulizers in acute pediatric settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","volume":"61 8","pages":"e71803"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13501207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148808981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to \"Increased Mean Airway Pressure Is Associated With Successful Transition to a Portable Home Ventilator in Patients With Grade 3 Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/ppul.71761","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ppul.71761","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","volume":"61 8","pages":"e71761"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13439490/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148674166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging the Gap: Translated Medical Education to Support Cystic Fibrosis Centers From Non-English Speaking Countries.","authors":"Chris Smith, Helen K Chadwick, Daniel G Peckham, Kate Hill, Oana Voivod, Marko Krasnyk, Yasemin Gökdemir, Ilknur Gorgun, Fulya Özdemircioğlu, Halyna Makukh, Hilde De Keyser, Claire Francis, Katarina Štěpánková, Csilla-Eniko Szabo, Pavel Drevinek","doi":"10.1002/ppul.71764","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ppul.71764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The European Cystic Fibrosis Society (ECFS) develops education resources to support members; however, these are almost exclusively in English. Many barriers to translation exist, including cost and time. Artificial intelligence (AI) provides an opportunity to support translation and address such barriers. This study aimed to pilot the use of AI-generated translation of ECFS e-learning modules and evaluate the quality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An AI translation program was used to create subtitles of ECFS peer-reviewed education modules. Two independent native language speakers with extensive cystic fibrosis (CF) healthcare experience were identified and tasked with reviewing, editing, and validating. This was followed by the development and circulation of an online evaluation survey assessing users' views on quality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Education packages, each consisting of six subtitled modules, were created in three languages: Ukrainian, Romanian, and Turkish. For each language, corrections to the AI-generated translation by the independent native speakers were essential. Evaluation was conducted in two countries. Eighteen completed surveys were received. Results indicated high levels of accuracy for the final modules, and feedback was very positive regarding the utility and range of topics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of novel AI-generated translation shows promise and proved quick and affordable. However, quality of translation was variable, highlighting the critical role of collaborating with native-speaking CF experts to ensure linguistic accuracy. This project highlights the importance of interdisciplinary collaborative efforts between ECFS Education, the Twinning Project, CF Europe, and patient organizations. Further, it demonstrates both the feasibility and practicality of generating effective multilingual educational modules using AI.</p>","PeriodicalId":19932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","volume":"61 8","pages":"e71764"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13422125/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148620992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency, Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Pediatric Lophomoniasis: A Cross-Sectional Study in Northern Iran.","authors":"Mahdi Mazandarani, Raeen Ahani Azari, Mohammad Hadi Tajik Jalayeri, Somayeh Ghorbani, Narges Lashkarbolouk, Lobat Shahkar","doi":"10.1002/ppul.71757","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ppul.71757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lophomoniasis is an emerging respiratory infection, but its clinical and epidemiological characteristics in pediatric populations remain poorly defined. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and describe the clinical, radiological, and bronchoscopic features of lophomoniasis in children admitted to a pediatric respiratory referral center.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted at Taleghani Pediatric Hospital. The study enrolled 121 pediatric patients admitted with persistent respiratory symptoms and a clinical indication for bronchoscopy. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples were used to diagnose lophomoniasis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The frequency of lophomoniasis was 18.1% (22/121 patients). Mean age of lophomonas-positive patients was 8.03 years and they were primarily female (54.5%). Common presenting symptoms included cough (86.4%), fever (68.2%), and sputum (54.5%). Key findings included consolidation on radiography (54.5%), increased bronchial wall thickness on bronchoscopy (63.6%), and anemia (95.5%) in laboratory results. A significant majority (72.7%) had underlying diseases, most commonly cystic fibrosis (31.8%) and tuberculosis (13.6%). Statistical analysis revealed that lophomoniasis was significantly associated with the presence of any underlying disease (p = 0.001). Other significant associations were observed with positive CRP (p = 0.024), leukocytosis (p = 0.025), radiographic consolidation (p = 0.018), and the presence of a hydatid cyst (p = 0.041). Demographic factors such as age, gender, ethnicity, and place of residence were not significantly associated with the infection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lophomonasis is a frequent condition among children with chronic respiratory symptoms requiring bronchoscopy. Its strong association with underlying respiratory diseases highlights the need for systematic screening in this vulnerable population. Bronchoscopy with BAL is a valuable diagnostic tool, particularly when specific clinical and radiological findings are present.</p>","PeriodicalId":19932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","volume":"61 8","pages":"e71757"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13402908/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148592999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Supraglottitis in Pediatric Patients-An Emerging Disease?","authors":"Avital Weiss Shachar, Rotem Pistiner Hanit, Doron Mulla, Elhanan Nahum, Eytan Kaplan, Avichai Weissbach, Haim Ben Zvi, Oded Scheuerman, Gili Kadmon","doi":"10.1002/ppul.71766","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ppul.71766","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Supraglottitis is an acute inflammation of the epiglottis and entire supraglottic structures, and a potential cause of upper airway obstruction in children. However, data on pediatric supraglottitis remain very limited. This study aims to describe the epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and microbiological characteristics of pediatric supraglottitis, with particular emphasis on identifying its various etiologies.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>We conducted a retrospective review of medical records of children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit of a tertiary pediatric hospital with a diagnosis of supraglottitis, between 2004 and 2024. Patients were subsequently categorized into two groups: with adenovirus-associated supraglottitis and supraglottitis attributable to other etiologies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 32 children with supraglottitis were included. The incidence increased by 330% between the first and second decades of the study. The most common presenting features were fever, stridor, and dyspnea. Invasive mechanical ventilation was required for 53% of patients, while 9% received noninvasive ventilation. A viral etiology was identified in 19/30 (63%) patients, with adenovirus being the most frequently detected pathogen (10 of 19 cases). Bacterial pathogens were isolated from sputum cultures in 16/17 patients, most commonly Streptococcus group A. Children with adenovirus-associated supraglottitis had significantly higher fever and C-reactive protein levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this pediatric supraglottitis cohort, incidence increased over time. Respiratory viral infections were evident in most cases, with adenovirus identified as the most common pathogen.</p>","PeriodicalId":19932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","volume":"61 8","pages":"e71766"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13430291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148664268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diaphragmatic Atrophy After Pediatric Cardiac Surgery: Toward Integrated Monitoring.","authors":"Bugra Balkan, Merve Karal, Omer Ozden, Murat Tanyildiz","doi":"10.1002/ppul.71797","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ppul.71797","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","volume":"61 8","pages":"e71797"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13478765/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148766324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}