Pediatric Pulmonology最新文献

{"title":"Back to basics: lung volumes on pediatric chest X-rays-pitfalls and diagnostic implications.","authors":"Antrea Zouvani, Shyam Sunder B Venkatakrishna, Sean Schoeman, Onur Simsek, Pravinkumar Bharde, Karen I Ramirez Suarez, Pierre Goussard, Hansel J Otero, Savvas Andronikou","doi":"10.1002/ppul.27292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.27292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Evaluating lung \"volumes\" when interpreting pediatric chest radiographs is useful for supporting the diagnosis of lung pathology in children. Lung volumes can be estimated using semi-objective criteria such as anterior rib counting. Estimating lung volumes is one advantage plain radiographs have over other imaging modalities such as ultrasound or even cross-sectional imaging (Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging, where volumes can be calculated, but remain difficult to quickly be appreciated subjectively or semi-objectively in clinical practice). Lung hyperinflation is often a surrogate of air-trapping and may be suggestive of diseases such as bronchiolitis. Identifying under-inspired chest radiographs is also important to avoid misinterpreting findings related to low lung volumes as pathology, which is a significant diagnostic pitfall in children. This pictorial review will demonstrate the method for evaluating lung volumes, specifically for identifying lung hyperinflation as a surrogate of air-trapping and under-inspiration for avoiding false positive diagnoses.</p>","PeriodicalId":19932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142351748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caregivers of children with asthma alarmed by climate change: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Sanjiv Godse, Veronika Shabanova, Maya I Ragavan, Mark Mitchell, Laura Chen, Julie D Flom, Beverley J Sheares","doi":"10.1002/ppul.27288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.27288","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Climate change poses significant health risks, with children being particularly vulnerable to its adverse health effects. Children with asthma are expected to have worsening disease due to increased exposure to heat, air pollution, mold from flooding, and pollen. Understanding caregiver perspectives on these health harms is crucial for informing public health policy and education. Therefore, we aimed to explore caregiver perceptions of climate change-related health risks to children with asthma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, a survey instrument was created and distributed to caregivers of children with asthma during their visits to pulmonology clinics located in an urban northeastern US setting and via email.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 198 completed surveys, 78% of participants reported high levels of concern about climate change, with most respondents agreeing that climate change has already impacted their child's health. Examples provided by respondents included worsening asthma control due to air pollution, wildfire events, pollen exposure, and rapid changes in weather. Respondents who self-identified as female had greater concern. Most respondents agreed that these topics should be further discussed with their child's doctor. Although, barriers to such discussions were noted by the respondents.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Caregivers of children with asthma have high levels of concern regarding climate change and report adverse impacts on their child's asthma. Clinicians caring for children with asthma should consider discussing the respiratory health impacts of climate change with caregivers. However, barriers to these discussions need further examination.</p>","PeriodicalId":19932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142351749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhaled treatment for dyspnea in a rare childhood disease.","authors":"Sinem Can Oksay, Zeynep R Onay, Gulay Bilgin, Deniz Mavi Tortop, Sabriye Gülçin Bozbeyoglu, Ayşe Nur Toksöz Yildirim, Matthias Griese, Saniye Girit","doi":"10.1002/ppul.27208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.27208","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142351753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe airway obstruction due to pulmonary tuberculosis in a premature infant needing decompression of mediastinal lymph nodes.","authors":"Pierre Goussard, Lizelle van Wyk, Andre Gie, Carmen Jacobs, Shama Aashish Patel, Shyam Venkatakrishna, Savvas Andronikou, Lars Ebert, Janette Verster, Gerhard Walzl, Odunola Sefiyat Adebiyi, Pawel Schubert, Jacques Janson","doi":"10.1002/ppul.27282","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ppul.27282","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characteristics of Chinese children with EV-D68-associated pneumonia: A single-center retrospective analysis.","authors":"Shasha Xu, Yu Tang, Min Li, Lei Zhang, Yanyan Su, Yanqiong Wang, Yuemei Liu, Yuelin Shen","doi":"10.1002/ppul.27285","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ppul.27285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) has been associated with an increase in mild-to-severe pediatric respiratory diseases in western countries. However, the prevalence and clinical characteristics of EV-D68-associated pneumonia in China remain understudied.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between January 2022 and January 2024, 28 patients with EV-D68-associated pneumonia were enrolled. We described the prevalence, demographic, and clinical characteristics of patients with EV-D68-associated pneumonia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 28 enrolled patients, the male-to-female ratio was 1.5:1, and the average age at onset was 4.6 ± 2.7 years. Four (14.3%) required intensive care support. Monoinfection occurred in 11 cases (39.3%), while coinfections were seen in 17 cases (60.7%). 82.1% of patients had a history of one or more atopic diseases. The primary symptoms of EV-D68-associated pneumonia included cough (100%), wheezing (53.6%), and fever (53.6%). Radiologically, patchy opacity was the predominant feature, observed in 72.7% of cases. No statistically significant differences were found in symptoms, laboratory tests, or imaging findings between the monoinfection and coinfection groups. Except for one case who developed quadriplegia sequelae, all patients had a favorable prognosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>EV-D68 is not a common pathogen for community-acquired pneumonia in China. It mainly affects young children, particularly those with atopic constitution. The overall prognosis is favorable, although neurological complications are rare and may lead to severe sequelae. This study is the first investigation into the prevalence and clinical characteristics of EV-D68-associated pneumonia in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":19932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New advances in diagnosis in pulmonary tuberculosis.","authors":"S K Kabra","doi":"10.1002/ppul.27270","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ppul.27270","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects on growth, weight and body composition after CFTR modulators in children with cystic fibrosis.","authors":"C M López Cárdenes, A Merino Sánchez-Cañete, S Vicente Santamaría, C Gascón Galindo, N Merino Sanz, A Tabares González, E Blitz Castro, A Morales Tirado, M Garriga García, M López Rozas, T Ramos Riesgo, M Álvarez Beltrán, J R Gutiérrez Martínez, M Suárez González, R García Romero, A De la Mano Hernández, M R Muñoz Codoceo, C Martín Fernández, C Tutau Gómez, E Torcuato Rubio, P Ortiz Pérez, I Loverdos Eseverri, C García Volpe, E Salcedo Lobato, A Martín Rivada, A M Castro Millan, R Del Brio Castillo, S Sierra San Nicolás, M Murray Hurtado, E Crehuá Gaudiza, M Medina Martínez, D González Jiménez","doi":"10.1002/ppul.27272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.27272","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is associated with compromised nutrition status, which is responsible for morbidity and mortality along with lung function decline. This study was designed to examine changes in anthropometric markers and body composition parameters by bioelectrical impedance analysis after CFTR modulator (CFTRm) treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We compared anthropometric parameters and body composition before and after 6 and 12 months of CFTRm treatment. Results are stratified into subgroups according to the modulator used with dual therapy with lumacaftor + ivacaftor or tezacaftor + ivacaftor (LUMA/TEZ + IVA) or triple therapy with elexacaftor + tezacaftor + ivacaftor (ELE + TEZ + IVA). Body composition data are available in patients treated with ELE + TEZ + IVA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two hundred and thirty-four children (55.1% male) were recruited. The median age was 13.6 years (inter-quartile range [IQR] 10.7-16.1). We can observe a statistically significant increase in the weight Z score and BMI Z score after CFTRm. In terms of changes in body composition, we observe a significant increase in fat mass (FM) expressed both in kilograms and as a percentage at 6 months (p < .05; Wilcoxon-test), with no such differences found at 12 months. We also observe a statistically significant increase in fat-free-mass (FFM), expressed in kilograms at 6 and 12 months (p < .05; Wilcoxon-test).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Weight status improved and changes in body composition occurred in children after CFTRm therapy, including an increase of fat mass. Further studies are needed to confirm these changes in body composition and their impact on disease progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":19932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis: A rare differential diagnosis for unexplained weight loss and failure to thrive in a 12-year-old boy.","authors":"Maximilian D Mauritz, Anne Rodewig, Andreas Panzer, Michael Paulussen, Malik Aydin","doi":"10.1002/ppul.27286","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ppul.27286","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peak inspiratory pressure lacks accuracy to estimate plateau pressure in infants with severe obstructive lower airway disease","authors":"Cecília R. Buratti, Cinara Andreolio, Francisco Bruno, Lívia B. Andrade, Mônica Marcon, Nádia F. Navarro, Jefferson P. Piva, Philippe Jouvet","doi":"10.1002/ppul.27245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.27245","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeIn children with acute respiratory distress syndrome receiving mechanical ventilation, the peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) is close to plateau pressure (P<jats:sub>PLAT</jats:sub>) when inspiratory flow approaches zero. We aimed to evaluate the reliability of PIP to estimate P<jats:sub>PLAT</jats:sub> in infants with severe respiratory viral infection (SRVI), characterized by increased airway resistance, and the accuracy of an equational model to estimates P<jats:sub>PLAT</jats:sub> (eP<jats:sub>PLAT</jats:sub>) based on PIP.MethodsThis was a retrospective observational study including mechanically ventilated children (1 to 24 month old) with SRVI, whose respiratory mechanics measurements were performed to evaluate PIP and P<jats:sub>PLAT.</jats:sub> The measured P<jats:sub>PLAT</jats:sub> was compared with the result of the equation: eP<jats:sub>PLAT</jats:sub> = PIP – [5.067 – (0.858 × static compliance) – (0.018 × inspiratory resistance) – (0.390 × pressure above positive‐end expiratory pressure) + (4.989 × inspiratory time)].ResultsThirty‐seven patients were included, with a median age of 3 (2–5) months. They presented a high inspiratory and expiratory resistance (136 ± 43 and 168 ± 66 cmH<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O/L/s, respectively) and a moderate reduction in static compliance: 0.75 ± 0.3 mL/kg/cmH<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O. PIP overestimated P<jats:sub>PLAT</jats:sub> (33 ± 3 and 26 ± 5 cmH<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.01), with a mean difference of 7.3 ± 4 cmH<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O. Moreover, the Bland‐Altman analysis demonstrated a mean difference between P<jats:sub>PLAT</jats:sub> and eP<jats:sub>PLAT</jats:sub> of 1.0 ± 4.0 cmH<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O, with 95% limits of agreement of –6.9 and 8.8.ConclusionsA significant difference between PIP and P<jats:sub>PLAT</jats:sub> was observed in infants with SRVI. The equation model was inaccurate for estimating P<jats:sub>PLAT</jats:sub> based on PIP. Any estimation of P<jats:sub>PLAT</jats:sub> from PIP needs to consider the resistance component of the respiratory system.","PeriodicalId":19932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142265867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening for e-cigarette usage among adolescents with primary ciliary dyskinesia and cystic fibrosis.","authors":"Rahul Verma,Andrew Zikic,Jacob McCoy,Lyzette Garcia,Rawan AlFouzan,Shaima Alkhouri,Kate Gent,Jackie Chiang,Dvir Gatt","doi":"10.1002/ppul.27274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.27274","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142265869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}