Pediatric Pulmonology最新文献

{"title":"Lung Consolidation Caused by Bocavirus Presenting as Hypoxemia in a Child.","authors":"Xiaoping Jing, Shuang Shi, Haoxiang Gu","doi":"10.1002/ppul.71104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.71104","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","volume":"60 6","pages":"e71104"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144226180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respiratory Manifestations in Pediatric Patients With Interleukin 6 Receptor Deficiency.","authors":"Noga Arwas, Eyal Kristal, Inbal Golan-Tripto, Aviv Goldbart, Guy Hazan, Amit Nahum, Shani Arotzker, Arnon Broides, Dvir Gatt","doi":"10.1002/ppul.71174","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ppul.71174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) deficiency is a rare immunodeficiency marked by impaired IL-6 signaling, affecting the inflammatory response and respiratory health. In this report, pediatric patients with IL-6R deficiency presented with a spectrum of respiratory symptoms, from mild to severe infections, but did not commonly develop early bronchiectasis. Due to the absence of typical inflammatory markers in lung infections, routine imaging is advised to monitor for potential complications, even in the absence of overt clinical signs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","volume":"60 6","pages":"e71174"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144326535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Determinants of Health and Healthcare Utilization in Infants With Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.","authors":"Haley Urbach, Sharon Ostfeld-Johns, Sarah McCollum, Pnina Weiss, Sarah Kandil, Eliaz Brumer","doi":"10.1002/ppul.71153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.71153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) are at high risk for adverse health outcomes, yet the influence of social determinants of health (SDOH) in shaping disparities and healthcare utilization remains poorly understood. This study evaluates the impact of SDOH on healthcare utilization in infants with BPD during the first-year post NICU discharge.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective study of 161 infants with BPD discharged from the NICU between January 2021 and December 2023. Key SDOH variables included the Area Deprivation Index (ADI), Childhood Opportunity Index (COI), and insurance type. Primary outcomes were healthcare utilization within the first year after NICU discharge, including emergency department (ED) visits, hospital admissions, pediatric pulmonology follow-up, and medication use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Infants from high-deprivation neighborhoods (higher ADI, Mean ± SD: 6.93 ± 2.37) had significantly more ED visits without admission than those from less deprived areas (5.67 ± 2.86, p = 0.003). Higher COI scores, reflecting greater opportunity, were associated with fewer ED visits (p = 0.004). Medicaid was associated with lower COI/higher ADI scores (p < 0.001) and independently associated with increased ED visits (OR = 3.01, 95% CI: 1.52-5.97, p = 0.001). No significant associations were found between SDOH and pediatric pulmonology follow-up or medication prescriptions. Mediation analysis demonstrated that structural factors-ADI, COI, and insurance-mediated the relationship between race/ethnicity and hospital visits.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Neighborhood disadvantages, lower childhood opportunity, and Medicaid insurance were associated with greater hospital utilization. Mediation analysis revealed that these structural factors accounted for racial/ethnic differences, underscoring SDOH's role in shaping healthcare use and the importance of addressing structural inequities to promote equitable outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","volume":"60 6","pages":"e71153"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144275583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Intravenous Methylprednisolone Pulses in Children With Postinfectious Bronchiolitis Obliterans.","authors":"Souad Ghattas, David Drummond, Alice Hadchouel","doi":"10.1002/ppul.71150","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ppul.71150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the efficacy of intravenous methylprednisolone pulses in children with postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans (PIBO).</p><p><strong>Study design/methods: </strong>This French monocentric retrospective study included 31 patients with PIBO. Respiratory symptoms, occurrence of exacerbations and hospitalizations up to 4 years, and the results of lung function tests were compared between patients who received methylprednisolone pulses (n = 6) and those who did not (n = 25). A similar analysis was performed in the subgroup of the severest patients at diagnosis (five and six patients per group respectively).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During their inaugural episode, patients in the treatment group were hospitalized longer (p = 0.005), more frequently in ICU (p = 0.013) and had longer oxygen needs than in the control group (p = 0.005). During their course, more patients in the treatment group required at least one nonscheduled hospitalization at 6 months of evolution than in the control group (p = 0.04). Regarding lung function tests, no significant difference was observed between the control and treatments groups. Comparing the severest patients at diagnosis in each group showed no significant difference in clinical nor functional evolution.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In a retrospective monocentric cohort, intravenous methylprednisolone pulses were used in severe cases of PIBO. This treatment had no effect of the subsequent evolution of these patients as compared to not treated patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","volume":"60 6","pages":"e71150"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12160995/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144275581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Ultra Protective Ventilation Bundle in an Infancy Severe pARDS Post Liver Transplantation.","authors":"Biyuan Xie, Long Xiang","doi":"10.1002/ppul.71172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.71172","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","volume":"60 6","pages":"e71172"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144317607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-World Improvements of Lung Clearance Index and Ventilation Distribution Efficiency in Children With Cystic Fibrosis After Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor Initiation.","authors":"Esben Herborg Henriksen, Rikke Mulvad Sandvik, Mette Frahm Olsen, Tacjana Pressler, Thomas Bryrup, Christian Leo-Hansen, Bibi Uhre Nielsen, Christine Højte, Marianne Skov, Frederik Buchvald, Inger Hee Mabuza Mathiesen, Tavs Qvist, Hanne Vebert Olesen, Sune Rubak, Camilla Bjørn Jensen, Daniel Faurholt-Jepsen, Kim Gjerum Nielsen","doi":"10.1002/ppul.71166","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ppul.71166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) is a breakthrough therapy for cystic fibrosis (CF). We aimed to assess ETI's real-world impact on peripheral airway disease assessed as ventilation distribution inhomogeneity using nitrogen multiple breath washout (N₂MBW) in children aged 6-17 years. Additionally, we compared the two outcomes, lung clearance index (LCI), and ventilation distribution efficiency (VDE), as VDE is considered to adjust for a theoretical overestimation of lung disease when using LCI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This nationwide study included data from N₂MBW performed during routine clinical care. Linear mixed effect regression was used to assess changes in LCI and VDE after 12 months of ETI treatment. Subgroup analyses included baseline age (6-11 vs. 12-1 years) and disease severity (normal-moderate vs. severe-very severe).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 131 children (78% homozygous for F508del mutation, mean [SD] age 11.5 [3.4]), and 339 N₂MBW tests. The median (range) number of tests per child was 3 (1-10). The estimated mean (95% CI) 12-months post-ETI improvement in LCI and VDE were 1.7 units (-2.1; -1.2, p < 0.001) and 2.1%-point (1.6; 2.6, p < 0.001), respectively. Similar LCI and VDE improvements were observed across age groups. Using VDE, fewer children were categorized with very severe lung disease, and the ETI-effect did not differ between the severity groups, unlike LCI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our research demonstrates that ETI treatment significantly improves lung function, as measured by N₂MBW, in Danish children and adolescents with CF. VDE improvements were consistent across age and disease severity groups. In contrast, LCI revealed larger effect estimates for those with severe to very-severe lung impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","volume":"60 6","pages":"e71166"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12180290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144333669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Partial Resolution of Unilateral Tuberculous Lung Destruction: A Case Report of a 13-Years Old Patient.","authors":"Alessia Belli, Erica Ricci, Giuseppe Losurdo, Gilda Gizzi, Pietro Salvati, Francesca Rizzo, Oliviero Sacco, Elio Castagnola","doi":"10.1002/ppul.71176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.71176","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","volume":"60 6","pages":"e71176"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144326534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Referral Rates and Diagnostic Evaluation for Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia in Patients With Laterality Defects Who Meet Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Evaluation Criteria.","authors":"Alyssa K Salinas, Gerard Smits, Stephen B Spurgin, Tanya M Martínez-Fernandez, Yadira M Rivera-Sánchez","doi":"10.1002/ppul.71129","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ppul.71129","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To determine if pediatric patients with laterality defects and meet the diagnostic criteria for primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) evaluation are being referred to and evaluated by pediatric pulmonologists. There are organ laterality defects in 50% of patients with PCD. Thus, patients with laterality defects are more likely to raise suspicion for PCD than those without laterality defects. We hypothesize that even in patients with laterality defects who meet PCD evaluation criteria, referral rates are low, leading to underdiagnosis (2).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Subjects and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A retrospective chart review of patients with laterality defects who met two or more of the PCD evaluation criteria was conducted at Dallas Children's Health using the electronic medical record. The four PCD evaluation criteria were laterality defect, chronic daily cough, nasal congestion starting in infancy, and NRDS of unclear etiology requiring oxygen or positive pressure for 24 h or longer. Referral rates to pediatric pulmonary medicine and genetics were determined. Completion of an evaluation by these services was analyzed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The electronic medical record search for laterality defects identified 433 patients. Of the 369 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria for analysis, 189 (51%) met only one inclusion criterion for PCD evaluation (laterality defect), and 49% met 2 or more of the criteria. Of the 79 patients who met the bare minimum of two criteria for PCD evaluation, 41% were referred to pulmonary, 18% to genetics, and only 16% were evaluated for PCD. Of the 27 patients who met all 4 PCD criteria for evaluation, 96% were referred to pulmonary, 85% to genetics, and 93% were evaluated for PCD. Among the 369 patients studied, there were no significant differences in the referral rate associated with patient demographics, including sex, race, ethnicity, and insurance type. The frequency of referrals increased with the number of PCD criteria.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;A substantial number of pediatric patients meeting two PCD referral criteria are not referred to pediatric pulmonologists, and a larger number are not being evaluated for PCD. As expected, patients with three or four PCD referral criteria have a higher rate of referral to pulmonary than those meeting the minimum two criteria. Many patients who meet all four criteria still need to be evaluated for PCD, even when referred to pulmonary or genetics. Most of the patients with laterality defects had congenital heart disease (CHD), and this was identified as the main etiology for respiratory symptoms for most of the patients who were not referred or evaluated. This highlights the importance of PCD education and awareness efforts for Pediatric specialists and subspecialists, including pediatric pulmonologists. It supports PCD being an underdiagnosed chronic condition and thus underscores the importance of acute clinical awareness","PeriodicalId":19932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","volume":"60 6","pages":"e71129"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12139576/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144226182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flexible Bronchoscopy for Assessing and Managing Smoke Inhalational Injury in a Teenager.","authors":"Guiqing Wang, Xiaoping Jing, Haoxiang Gu","doi":"10.1002/ppul.71137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.71137","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","volume":"60 6","pages":"e71137"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144226178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor Treatment Prevents Meconium Ileus, but Not Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency and Lung Disease in Infants With Cystic Fibrosis.","authors":"Paulina E Aleksander, Stephanie Thee, Felix Doellinger, Styliani Zagkla, Marcus A Mall, Mirjam Stahl","doi":"10.1002/ppul.71168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.71168","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","volume":"60 6","pages":"e71168"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144317611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}